CN102843020B - Method for inhibiting second harmonic current of preceding-stage inverter of two-stage inverter and control circuit of preceding-stage inverter of two-stage inverter - Google Patents

Method for inhibiting second harmonic current of preceding-stage inverter of two-stage inverter and control circuit of preceding-stage inverter of two-stage inverter Download PDF

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CN102843020B
CN102843020B CN201210328723.5A CN201210328723A CN102843020B CN 102843020 B CN102843020 B CN 102843020B CN 201210328723 A CN201210328723 A CN 201210328723A CN 102843020 B CN102843020 B CN 102843020B
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prime
converter
signal
output
pass filter
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CN102843020A (en
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张力
任小永
阮新波
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for inhibiting second harmonic current of a preceding-stage inverter of a two-stage inverter and a control circuit of the preceding-stage inverter of the two-stage inverter. By the method, the low-frequency pulse current of the preceding-stage direct current inverter can be inhibited obviously, the dynamic performance can be improved and the dynamic response speed is increased. The control circuit of the preceding-stage inverter consists of a band-pass filter, a voltage regulator, a summator, a power-width modulation (PWM) modulator and a driving circuit. The work principle is as follows: a voltage sampling circuit detects intermediate bus voltage, compares the intermediate bus voltage with a voltage reference signal to generate an error signal and transmits the error signal to the voltage regulator; a current sampling circuit detects the inductive current of the preceding-stage direct current inverter; the inductive current of the preceding-stage direct current inverter, an output signal of band-pass filter and an output signal of the voltage regulator are added by the summator to generate a modulation signal; the modulation signal is transmitted to a PWM modulation circuit; and a driving signal of a switch tube is acquired by the driving circuit, so that operation of the preceding-stage direct current inverter is controlled.

Description

The suppressing method of front stage converter second harmonic current and control circuit thereof in two-stage type inverter
Technical field
The present invention relates to suppressing method and the control circuit thereof of front stage converter low frequency pulsating electric current in a kind of two-stage type inverter, belong to the category of generation of electricity by new energy and power electronic conversion.
Background technology
Along with energy crisis and problem of environmental pollution are day by day serious, the development and utilization of new forms of energy is more and more subject to people's attention.At present, the main development and utilization mode of new forms of energy is distributed power generations, and wherein inverter is its important composition core.According to the composition progression of inverter, single stage type and the large class of two-stage type two can be divided into.Because new energy unit exists the shortcoming of intermittence and randomness, the change range of input voltage of inverter is often wider.Two-stage type inverter can utilize prime DC converter to carry out pressure regulation, thus is conducive to rear class inverter and is optimized design, is thus widely used in distributed generation system.
In two-stage type single-phase inverter, the instantaneous output due to rear class inverter comprises the pulsating power of two times of output voltage frequency, causes the second harmonic current that there are two times of output voltage frequency in prime DC converter.This second harmonic current not only can increase the current stress of switching tube, also can increase conduction loss and the core loss of switching tube, when prime DC converter adopts soft switch technique, the existence of second harmonic current also will reduce the soft-switching range of switching tube, thus is unfavorable for improving transducer effciency.Therefore, need to adopt certain method to suppress this second harmonic current.
Increase bus capacitor to be conducive to reducing the second harmonic current in prime DC converter, this method is simple, but adds circuit volume, is unfavorable for the power density improving converter.By on intermediate bus bar and the method connecing reversible transducer can reach the object suppressing second harmonic current with less electric capacity, but which increase the complexity of system, be unfavorable for the reliability of raising system, and addition of system loss.When prime DC converter adopts univoltage ring to control, by reducing the cut-off frequency of Voltage loop or adding band stop filter effectively can suppress second harmonic current in control loop, but its rejection ability is limited, identical when the minimal ripple amount that second harmonic current can reach and prime DC converter adopt opened loop control.Based on the second harmonic current suppressing method of virtual resistance, by introducing inductive current Proportional Feedback and reduce outer voltage bandwidth in the control loop of prime DC converter simultaneously, the rejection ability of second harmonic current can be improved further.But this method makes prime DC converter voltage outer shroud cut-off frequency lower, causes its dynamic characteristic poor, when load is undergone mutation, intermediate-bus voltage there will be and significantly falls and overshoot phenomenon.Obviously falling of busbar voltage may cause inverter output voltage to occur " cutting top " phenomenon, thus affects the power supply quality of load in dynamic process, and the obvious overshoot of busbar voltage then significantly can increase the voltage stress of rear class inverter switching device pipe.Therefore, need to find new control strategy, make the second harmonic current that it can not only significantly suppress in prime DC converter, its dynamic characteristic can also be improved, thus optimize the service behaviour of converter.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for the prime DC converter in two-stage type inverter, propose a kind of second harmonic current suppressing method based on band pass filter current inner loop.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of control circuit being applicable to prime DC converter in two-stage type inverter.
Adopt the operation principle of this kind of control method prime DC converter control circuit as follows:
Voltage sampling circuit detects intermediate-bus voltage, after itself and voltage reference signal being compared, produces error signal and sends into voltage regulator; Current sampling circuit detects the inductive current of prime DC converter, and is sent into band pass filter; The output signal of band pass filter and the output signal of voltage regulator are added through adder and produce modulation signal; Modulation signal sent into PWM circuit and obtain the drive singal of switching tube through overdrive circuit, thus controlling prime DC converter and carry out work.
In this two-stage type inverter, the control circuit of prime DC converter comprises voltage regulator, adder, PWM device and drive circuit, this control circuit also comprises band pass filter, this band pass filter adopts single stage type structure or adopts multistage structure, the input of this band pass filter is connected to the output of prime DC converter current sample circuit, and output is connected to described adder input.
What the prime DC converter in above-mentioned two-stage type inverter adopted is Buck class DC converter.
What above-mentioned voltage regulator adopted is proportional-integral controller, can also be the compensating network of other types.
Compared with prior art, its main feature is as follows in the present invention:
Adopt the second harmonic current that can not only significantly to suppress based on the second harmonic current suppressing method of band pass filter current inner loop in prime DC converter, the cut-off frequency of prime DC converter voltage outer shroud can also be improved thus accelerate its dynamic responding speed, its operating characteristic is optimized.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is the structured flowchart of existing two-stage type inverter.
Accompanying drawing 2 is the circuit theory diagrams of the existing two-stage type inverter simplified.
Accompanying drawing 3 is the circuit theory diagrams of RLC parallel branch of connecting in filter inductance branch road.
Accompanying drawing 4 is the control block diagrams that the present invention is based on band pass filter current inner loop second harmonic current suppressing method.
Accompanying drawing 5 is control circuit schematic diagrams of prime DC converter of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 6 is hardware circuit principle figure of the present invention's other form band pass filters several and voltage regulator.Accompanying drawing 6 comprises 6-1; 6-2; 6-3; 6-4 and 6-5.
Accompanying drawing 7 is control circuit schematic diagrams of existing prime DC converter.
Accompanying drawing 8 is Steady Experimental waveforms of two-stage type inverter of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 9 is two-stage type inverter of the present invention dynamic experiment waveforms in load changing process.
Accompanying drawing 10 is two-stage type inverter of the present invention dynamic experiment waveforms in input voltage mutation process.
Primary symbols title in above-mentioned accompanying drawing: wherein V infor the input voltage of prime Buck class DC converter, L ffor filter inductance, C ffor filter capacitor, Z lfor inverter output loading, I dcfor the DC component in rear class input current of inverter, i 2ndfor the low frequency pulsating component in rear class input current of inverter, V mthe amplitude of sawtooth carrier wave, H vfor voltage sample coefficient, G vs transfer function that () is voltage regulator, G bPFs transfer function that () is band pass filter, R 1, R 2, R 3, R 4, R 5, R a, R bfor forming the resistance of bandpass filtering, C 1, C 2for electric capacity wherein, R 7, R 8for forming the resistance of voltage regulator, C 3for electric capacity wherein, R is the resistance of composition adder, Δ v cffor intermediate-bus voltage pulsation, i lffor the inductive current of prime DC converter, i ofor inverter output current, v ofor inverter output voltage.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 illustrates the structured flowchart of two-stage type inverter, it is made up of prime Buck class DC converter cascade rear class inverter.Comprise the pulsating power of two times of output voltage frequency in instantaneous output due to rear class inverter, cause the second harmonic current that there are two times of output voltage frequency in prime DC converter.Namely the present invention will propose a kind of second harmonic current suppressing method based on band pass filter current inner loop for this prime Buck class DC converter.
Figure 2 shows the circuit theory diagrams of the two-stage type inverter of simplification.From this figure, the second harmonic current of inverter input terminal is shared jointly by inductive branch and capacitive branch.In order to reduce the second harmonic current in filter inductance branch road, need to change the branch impedance of filter inductance branch road thus reduce this branch road and filter capacitor branch road to the split ratio of second harmonic current, this can be realized by the method for series impedance in filter inductance branch road.Second harmonic current suppressing method based on virtual resistance is equivalent to resistance of having connected in filter inductance branch road.Although series resistance significantly can reduce second harmonic current, it significantly reduces the low-frequency range loop gain compensating front system, thus causes the bandwidth of prime DC converter voltage outer shroud to be difficult to improve.
In fact, in order to reduce second harmonic current, only needing to increase the branch impedance at two times of output voltage frequency place inductive branches, do not need by series resistance thus improve the branch impedance of inductive branch at full frequency band.Inductance and electric capacity is utilized to present low-impedance character at high band and low-frequency range respectively, shunt inductance and electric capacity while of on connected resistance, and ensure that inductance in parallel and electric capacity, at two times of output voltage frequency places, parallel resonance occurs by design, as shown in Figure 3, the RLC parallel branch of then connecting in inductive branch only significantly improves the branch impedance of two times of output voltage frequency place inductive branches, and less on the branch impedance impact of other frequency bands of inductive branch.Now, adding of RLC parallel branch only reduces the front loop gain of system near two times of output voltage frequency of compensation, and less on the loop gain impact of low-frequency range, and this will be conducive to the cut-off frequency improving outer voltage.
RLC parallel branch in accompanying drawing 3 can be undertaken virtual by the method introducing band pass filter current inner loop, this second harmonic current suppressing method based on band pass filter current inner loop namely proposed by the invention.
The attached control block diagram that Figure 4 shows that the second harmonic current suppressing method based on band pass filter current inner loop proposed by the invention, G in figure bPFs () is band pass filter, G vs () is voltage regulator, H vfor intermediate-bus voltage downsampling factor.The operation principle of this control block diagram is as follows:
Intermediate-bus voltage obtains voltage sampling signal v after over-sampling cf_f, by itself and voltage reference signal v refcompare after making difference and produce error signal, then by producing output signal v after voltage regulator c; Sampling filter inductive current i lfand passed through band pass filter, produce output signal v i; By v cwith v idiffer from, its result is modulation signal v e; Finally by v eduty ratio is produced thus the switching tube controlling prime DC converter turns on and off by PWM circuit.
Figure 5 provides under this kind of control mode, the control circuit schematic diagram of prime DC converter, it is made up of band pass filter, voltage regulator, adder, PWM device and drive circuit.The wherein inductive current sampled signal i of prime DC converter lf_fas the input signal of band pass filter, the sampled signal v of intermediate-bus voltage cf_fand voltage reference signal v refrespectively as the input signal of voltage regulator inverting input and in-phase input end, the output signal v of band pass filter iwith the output signal v of voltage regulator cbe connected to two input resistances of adder respectively, the output signal of adder is modulation signal v e, be connected to the in-phase input end of PWM device, the output signal Q of drive circuit 1~ Q nswitching tube corresponding to prime DC converter respectively connects.The specific works principle of this control circuit is as follows:
Resistor voltage divider network R 9, R 10the intermediate-bus voltage v of sampling prime DC converter cf, obtain voltage sampling signal v cf_f, by it by voltage regulator and voltage reference signal v refcompare and enlarge rear generation output signal v c; The filter inductance current i of prime DC converter lfflow through sampling resistor R sgeneration current sampled signal i lf_f, after being sent into band pass filter, produce output signal v i; The output signal v of voltage regulator cwith the output signal v of band pass filter ibe added through adder and produce modulation signal v e; By v esend into PWM circuit and obtain the drive singal Q of switching tube after totem drive circuit amplifies 1~ Q n, then control the corresponding switching tube of prime DC converter and carry out opening and shutoff.
It should be noted that, the hardware circuit implementation shown in accompanying drawing 5 is not unique.Band pass filter in above-mentioned control circuit can adopt single stage type structure, also can adopt multistage structure, and its hardware circuit has multiple implementation, as long as but it can from current sampling signal i lf_fin extract the signal of two times of inverter output voltage frequencies.Voltage regulator can adopt pi regulator, can also adopt simple zero first order pole, the other forms of compensating network of duopole etc. at two zero point.
Accompanying drawing 6 sets forth the hardware circuit principle figure of other form band pass filters several and voltage regulator, wherein accompanying drawing 6-1 example belongs to single stage type band pass filter, accompanying drawing 6-2 and 6-3 example belong to multistage band pass filter, accompanying drawing 6-4 example is the compensating network of a simple zero first order pole, accompanying drawing 6-5 example be one two zero point duopole compensating network.
If remove the rear class of band pass filter in accompanying drawing 5 and the rear class of accompanying drawing 6-2 and 6-3 band pass filter example, then these multistage structures are correspondingly converted to single stage type structure.Accompanying drawing 5 just gives a kind of circuit theory diagrams of feasible hardware circuit implementation, and what wherein band pass filter adopted is two-stage type structure, and what voltage regulator adopted is pi regulator.
Accompanying drawing 7 gives the existing control circuit schematic diagram based on virtual resistance second harmonic current suppressing method.Contrast accompanying drawing 5 is visible with accompanying drawing 7, and the second harmonic current suppressing method based on band pass filter current inner loop proposed by the invention is in fact the proportional controller that instead of with a band pass filter in accompanying drawing 7.This band pass filter has only extraction amplified current sampled signal i lf_fin the effect of two times of inverter output voltage frequency signals, thus the branch impedance at two times of output voltage frequency place inductive branches is only increased, but the inductive branch impedance of other frequency ranges is not affected, thus make the second harmonic current suppressing method proposed by the invention loop gain impact on low-frequency range less, be conducive to the cut-off frequency improving outer voltage.
Band pass filter in accompanying drawing 5 is the band pass filter of a two-stage type, and it fixes Q by prime 1the band pass filter of value and rear class in-phase amplifier composition, wherein operational amplifier, resistance R 1~ R 3, R a, R b, and electric capacity C 1, C 2form prime and fix Q 1the band pass filter of value, operational amplifier, resistance R 4~ R 6forming rear class in-phase amplifier, by regulating the gain of rear class in-phase amplifier, the equivalent Q-value of this band pass filter can be regulated.
In accompanying drawing 5, the connected mode of band pass filter is as follows: resistance R 1series capacitance C 2connect with the in-phase input end of prime operational amplifier, electric capacity C 1be attempted by R 1with C 2tie point and signal ground between, resistance R 2between the in-phase input end being attempted by prime operational amplifier and signal ground, resistance R 2be connected across R 1with C 2tie point and the output of prime operational amplifier between, resistance R abetween the inverting input being attempted by prime operational amplifier and signal ground, resistance R b, between the inverting input being connected to prime operational amplifier as feedback resistance and output, resistance R 4the output of prime operational amplifier and the in-phase input end of rear class operational amplifier is connected to, resistance R as input resistance 5between the inverting input being connected to rear class operational amplifier as feedback resistance and output, resistance R 6between the inverting input being attempted by rear class operational amplifier and signal ground.
In accompanying drawing 5, the method for designing of band pass filter is as follows:
Get R 1=R 2=R 3=R, C 1=C 2=C, then transfer function, the centre frequency f of this band pass filter n, Q 1value, passband gain A oand the expression formula of equivalent Q-value is respectively:
G BPF ( s ) = A · sRC ( sRC ) 2 + s ( 3 - R b R a ) RC + 2
f n = 2 · 1 2 πRC
Q 1 = 2 R a 3 R a - R b
A o = A 4 - A
Q = 2 4 - A
A=(R in formula a+ R b) (R 5+ R 6)/R ar 6.
Design f nbe two times of output voltage frequency, Q 1=10, regulate R 5, make the equivalent Q-value of circuit be 20.
Voltage regulator design method in accompanying drawing 5 is as follows:
Get arbitrarily and determine resistance R 7, definition a is second harmonic current rejection ratio, then resistance R 8span be:
R 8 < V m V in H v [ a &CenterDot; 2 &pi; f n C f A o - a 2 &CenterDot; ( 2 &pi; f n ) 2 L f C f - 1 ] R 7
Choose suitable C 3, make the Phase margin of system be not less than 45 °.
Fig. 8 provides the Steady Experimental waveform of the two-stage type inverter of Fig. 5.In figure from top to bottom, be intermediate-bus voltage pulsation Δ v respectively cf, prime DC converter inductive current i lf, inverter output current i oand inverter output voltage v oexperimental waveform.Be suppressed within 5% by the inductive current low frequency pulsating of the visible prime DC converter of accompanying drawing 8, illustrate that employing control method proposed by the invention obviously can suppress the second harmonic current in prime DC converter.
Figure 9 shows the dynamic experiment waveform of two-stage type inverter in load changing process of Fig. 5.In figure from top to bottom, be intermediate-bus voltage pulsation Δ v respectively cf, prime DC converter inductive current i lf, inverter output current i oand inverter output voltage v oexperimental waveform.From accompanying drawing 9, export by 10% year impact to being fully loaded with and unloading in the dynamic process of 10% year by fully loaded dashing forward at inverter, falling with overshoot of intermediate-bus voltage is all very little, and busbar voltage has regulating time faster, it can be said that bright, adopt control method proposed by the invention can improve the dynamic response characteristic of prime DC converter in load changing process.
Accompanying drawing 10 gives the dynamic experiment waveform of two-stage type inverter in input voltage mutation process of Fig. 5.In figure from top to bottom, be input voltage V respectively in, intermediate-bus voltage pulsation Δ v cf, inverter output current i oand inverter output voltage v oexperimental waveform.From accompanying drawing 10, at input voltage by the 90% specified input of specified input impact to 110% and dashed forward by 110% specified input and unload in the dynamic process of 90% specified input, intermediate-bus voltage has resume speed faster, it can be said that bright, adopt control method proposed by the invention can improve the dynamic response characteristic of prime DC converter in input voltage mutation process.
The instantiation of accompanying drawing 5 of the present invention is as follows, and its Specifeca tion speeification is as follows:
● prime DC converter input voltage V in=270V ± 10%
● intermediate-bus voltage V cf=180V
● rear class inverter output voltage V o=115V/400Hz
● inverter rated output power P o=1000VA
● prime DC converter filter inductance L f=260 μ H
● prime DC converter filter capacitor C f=820 μ F
● the switching frequency f of prime DC converter s=100kHz
● the feedback factor H of output voltage v=0.0138
● sawtooth carrier wave amplitude V m=2.35V
● the circuit parameter of composition band pass filter is: R 1=R 2=R 3=R 4=R 6=R a=1k Ω, R b=2.8k Ω, R 5=27 Ω, C 1=C 2=280nF
● the circuit parameter of composition voltage regulator is: R 7=10k Ω, R 8=27k Ω, C 3=40nF
As seen from the above description, the second harmonic current inhibitory control method tool based on band pass filter current inner loop that the present invention proposes has the following advantages:
1. significantly can suppress the second harmonic current that in two-stage type inverter, prime DC converter exists, thus be conducive to the overall efficiency improving converter.
2. can improve the dynamic property of prime DC converter, accelerate its dynamic responding speed, make inverter in the dynamic process of load changing, busbar voltage is fallen with overshoot all very little, and has regulating time faster; In the dynamic process of input voltage mutation, busbar voltage has resume speed faster.

Claims (5)

1. one kind is applicable to the control circuit of prime DC converter in two-stage type inverter, this control circuit comprises voltage regulator, adder, PWM device and drive circuit, it is characterized in that: this control circuit also comprises band pass filter, the input of described band pass filter is connected with the output of the inductive current sample circuit of prime DC converter, to receive the current sampling signal of the prime DC converter that described inductive current sample circuit exports, the output of described band pass filter is connected with one of them input of described adder, described band pass filter is used for the two times of inverter output voltage frequency signals amplified in described inductive current sampled signal, increase the branch impedance of prime DC converter at two times of output voltage frequency place inductive branches thus, suppress the second harmonic current in prime DC converter, two inputs difference input voltage reference signals of described voltage regulator and the output voltage sampled signal of prime DC converter, compared the two after making difference and produce error signal, inputted another input of described adder by output, the output of described adder is connected with the input of described PWM device, the described output of PWM device is connected with the input of drive circuit, the output of described drive circuit is connected to the main circuit of prime DC converter.
2. control circuit according to claim 1, is characterized in that: this band pass filter is the band pass filter of a two-stage type, and it is fixed by prime q 1the band pass filter of value and rear class in-phase amplifier composition, wherein operational amplifier, resistance r 1~ r 3, r a , r b, and electric capacity c 1, c 2form prime to fix q 1the band pass filter of value, operational amplifier, resistance r 4~ r 6form rear class in-phase amplifier.
3. control circuit according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the resistance of described band pass filter r 1series capacitance c 2connect with the in-phase input end of prime operational amplifier, electric capacity c 1be attempted by r 1with c 2tie point and signal ground between, resistance r 2between the in-phase input end being attempted by prime operational amplifier and signal ground, resistance r 2be connected across r 1with c 2tie point and the output of prime operational amplifier between, resistance r a between the inverting input being attempted by prime operational amplifier and signal ground, resistance r b, between the inverting input being connected to prime operational amplifier as feedback resistance and output, resistance r 4the output of prime operational amplifier and the in-phase input end of rear class operational amplifier is connected to, resistance as input resistance r 5between the inverting input being connected to rear class operational amplifier as feedback resistance and output, resistance r 6between the inverting input being attempted by rear class operational amplifier and signal ground.
4. control circuit according to claim 1, is characterized in that: wherein, and voltage regulator adopts pi regulator, or adopt simple zero first order pole or two zero point duopole form compensating network.
5. the suppressing method of front stage converter second harmonic current in two-stage type inverter, is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
Resistor voltage divider network r 9, r 10voltage sampling signal is obtained after the intermediate-bus voltage of sampling prime DC converter v cf_f , by after voltage regulator by itself and voltage reference signal v ref compare after making difference and produce output signal v c ;
The filter inductance electric current of prime DC converter i lf flow through sampling resistor r s generation current sampled signal i lf_f , and by its by band pass filter to amplify described current sampling signal i lf_f in two times of inverter output voltage frequency signals, increase the branch impedance of prime DC converter at two times of output voltage frequency place inductive branches thus, suppress the second harmonic current in prime DC converter, band pass filter produces output signal and is v i ;
Will v c with v i differ from, its result is modulation signal v e , be used for regulating the output voltage of prime DC converter;
Finally by modulation signal v e input PWM circuit is to produce duty ratio, thus the switching tube controlling prime DC converter turns on and off.
CN201210328723.5A 2012-09-06 2012-09-06 Method for inhibiting second harmonic current of preceding-stage inverter of two-stage inverter and control circuit of preceding-stage inverter of two-stage inverter Expired - Fee Related CN102843020B (en)

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