CN102842477B - X-ray tube - Google Patents
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- CN102842477B CN102842477B CN201210352085.0A CN201210352085A CN102842477B CN 102842477 B CN102842477 B CN 102842477B CN 201210352085 A CN201210352085 A CN 201210352085A CN 102842477 B CN102842477 B CN 102842477B
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Abstract
A kind of X-ray tube, wherein: grid and negative electrode are arranged between the first deflecting electrode and the second deflecting electrode, first deflecting electrode and negative electrode conducting, second deflecting electrode and gate turn-on, first deflecting electrode and negative electrode equipotential, the second deflecting electrode and grid equipotential, wherein, negative electrode comprises electron-emitting area, and the distance between the first deflecting electrode and the second deflecting electrode is greater than the length of electron-emitting area; Be provided with the first power supply between grid and negative electrode, make the electromotive force of electromotive force higher than negative electrode of grid, make the electromotive force of the second deflecting electrode higher than the electromotive force of the first deflecting electrode; Focusing electrode and the second deflecting electrode conducting, focusing electrode and the second deflecting electrode equipotential; Be provided with second source between focusing electrode and anode, wherein, the voltage of second source is higher than the voltage of the first power supply, and the electromotive force of anode is higher than the electromotive force of focusing electrode.X-ray tube structure in the present invention is simple, and cost is low, and long service life.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to X ray, particularly relate to the X-ray tube that a kind of structure is simple, durable.
Background technology
At present, under strong electric field, electronics can by tunnel effect through material surface potential barrier generation electric discharge phenomena, field emission that Here it is.Along with the development of nanometer technology, people use nano material to have developed field emitting electronic source, then utilize this electron source to develop x-ray source.The basic technique principle of this x-ray source is as follows: nanotube produces field emission under adding the effect of highfield outside, and then electronics bombards anode generation X ray under the acceleration of electric field.Adopt the x-ray source after nanotube to have many advantages: without the need to heat filament, can open at any time, time response is fast, and pulse frequency is high, and the life-span is longer than hot filament.
Launch to realize high-frequency pulse, the field-transmitting cathode X-ray tube with grid consists of the following components: based on nano material field-transmitting cathode, control X-ray tube work grid, control Electron Beam Focusing focusing electrode, accept the anode that electronics bombardment produces X-ray.
Although the negative electrode adopting carbon nano-tube material to manufacture field-transmitting cathode X-ray tube has the plurality of advantages introduced above, the radiation damage problem of carbon nanotube cathod but directly governs the useful life of X-ray tube.Although carbon nano-tube works under vacuum conditions, in X-ray tube, cannot absolute vacuum be realized, still there is a small amount of air molecule.After these air molecules are ionized by high-power electron beam, can accelerate to cathode direction under the highfield effect of positively charged ion in pipe, likely bombardment is to the carbon nano-tube of negative electrode.Due to the physical characteristics of carbon nano-tube self, the energy of its chemical bond only has 20-30eV, and the ability of resisting Ions Bombardment is poor, and working life is short.
Although the wire netting grid placed between carbon nanotube cathod and anode can isolate most of air ion directly clash into negative electrode, reduce negative electrode by the probability of radiation damage, a small amount of ion also cannot be avoided through the hole bombarding cathode of grid.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the X-ray tube providing a kind of structure simple, durable is necessary.
X-ray tube provided by the invention, comprise: the first deflecting electrode, negative electrode, grid, second deflecting electrode, focusing electrode and anode, wherein: described grid and described negative electrode are arranged between described first deflecting electrode and described second deflecting electrode, described first deflecting electrode and described negative electrode conducting, described second deflecting electrode and described gate turn-on, described first deflecting electrode and described negative electrode equipotential, described second deflecting electrode and described grid equipotential, wherein, described negative electrode comprises electron-emitting area, distance between described first deflecting electrode and described second deflecting electrode is greater than the length of the electron-emitting area of described negative electrode, be provided with the first power supply between described grid and described negative electrode, make the electromotive force of described grid higher than the electromotive force of described negative electrode, make the electromotive force of described second deflecting electrode higher than the electromotive force of described first deflecting electrode, described focusing electrode and described second deflecting electrode conducting, described focusing electrode and described second deflecting electrode equipotential, be provided with second source between described focusing electrode and described anode, for described X-ray tube provides operating voltage, wherein, the voltage of described second source is higher than the voltage of described first power supply, and the electromotive force of described anode is higher than the electromotive force of described focusing electrode.
The present invention also provides another kind of X-ray tube, comprise: the first deflecting electrode, negative electrode, grid, the second deflecting electrode, focusing electrode and anode, wherein: described grid and described negative electrode are arranged between described first deflecting electrode and described second deflecting electrode, wherein, described negative electrode comprises electron-emitting area, and the distance between described first deflecting electrode and described second deflecting electrode is greater than the length of the electron-emitting area of described negative electrode; Be provided with the first power supply between described grid and described negative electrode, make the electromotive force of described grid higher than the electromotive force of described negative electrode; Described first deflecting electrode and described second deflecting electrode are provided with the 3rd power supply, make the electromotive force of described second deflecting electrode higher than described first deflecting electrode electromotive force described in focusing electrode and described second deflecting electrode conducting, described focusing electrode and described second deflecting electrode equipotential; Second source is provided with between described focusing electrode and described anode, for described X-ray tube provides operating voltage, wherein, the voltage of described second source is higher than the voltage of described first power supply and described 3rd power supply, and the electromotive force of described anode is higher than the electromotive force of described focusing electrode.
X-ray tube structure provided by the present invention is simple, with low cost, and extends the life-span of X-ray tube.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the tomograph of X-ray tube in an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the circuit connection diagram of X-ray tube in an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the circuit connection diagram of X-ray tube in another execution mode of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the trajectory of electron motion figure of X-ray tube in an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the ion motion trace figure of X-ray tube in an embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Be described below in detail embodiments of the invention, the example of described embodiment is shown in the drawings, and wherein same or similar label represents same or similar element or has element that is identical or similar functions from start to finish.Being exemplary below by the embodiment be described with reference to the drawings, only for explaining the present invention, and can not limitation of the present invention being interpreted as.
In describing the invention, term " interior ", " outward ", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", " on ", D score, " top ", the orientation of the instruction such as " end " or position relationship be based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, be only the present invention for convenience of description instead of require that the present invention with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore must can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
Refer to Fig. 1, Figure 1 shows that the tomograph of X-ray tube in an embodiment of the present invention.
In the present embodiment, X-ray tube comprises the first deflecting electrode 10, grid 20, negative electrode 30, second deflecting electrode 40, focusing electrode 50 and anode 60.
In the present embodiment, the first deflecting electrode 10 is in " 7 " shape, and the second deflecting electrode 40 is parallel with the first deflecting electrode 10.In other execution modes of the present invention, curved or other shapes of the first deflecting electrode 10, object forms deflecting electric field with the second deflecting electrode 40.
In the present embodiment, described negative electrode 30 comprises electron-emitting area, and the distance between the first deflecting electrode 10 and the second deflecting electrode 40 is greater than the length of the electron-emitting area of negative electrode 30.In the present embodiment, negative electrode 30 electron emission head of district 6mm, the distance between the first deflecting electrode 10 and the second deflecting electrode 40 is 1mm ~ 30mm.Especially, in the present embodiment, the long 6mm of negative electrode 30, the distance between the first deflecting electrode 10 and the second deflecting electrode 40 is 8mm.
In the present embodiment, focusing electrode 50 is annulus, and internal diameter is 8mm, and external diameter is 10mm, and long is 3mm.Anode 60 is in column, and material is metal, and radius is 10mm, and anode 60 surface is 15mm from the distance of the second deflecting electrode 40.In other execution modes of the present invention, focusing electrode 50 also can be other shape.
Refer to Fig. 2, Figure 2 shows that the circuit connection diagram of X-ray tube in an embodiment of the present invention.
In the present embodiment, described grid 20 and described negative electrode 30 are arranged between described first deflecting electrode 10 and described second deflecting electrode 40.
In the present embodiment, described first deflecting electrode 10 and the conducting of described negative electrode 30, described second deflecting electrode 40 and the conducting of described grid 20, described first deflecting electrode 10 and described negative electrode 30 equipotential, described second deflecting electrode 40 and described grid 20 equipotential.
In the present embodiment, between described grid 20 and described negative electrode 30, be provided with the first power supply 70, make the electromotive force of described grid 20 higher than the electromotive force of described negative electrode 30, make the electromotive force of described second deflecting electrode 40 higher than the electromotive force of described first deflecting electrode 10.
In the present embodiment, can normally work to allow this X-ray tube, the first power supply 70 power supply arranged between grid 20 and negative electrode 30, for loading forward voltage, namely grid 20 electromotive force is higher than negative electrode 30, such Field Electron Emission that could realize required for X-ray tube, makes electronics be moved to grid 20 by negative electrode 30 under electric field action.Between grid 20 and negative electrode 30 the required magnitude of voltage that loads and the distance between grid 20 and negative electrode 30 closely related, distance is nearer, and required voltage is less.In the present embodiment, the distance between negative electrode 30 and grid 20 is less than or equal to 1mm, and the voltage that the first power supply 70 provides is 100V ~ 5000V.
In the present embodiment, described focusing electrode 50 and described second deflecting electrode 40 conducting, described focusing electrode 50 and described second deflecting electrode 40 equipotential.
In the present embodiment, between described focusing electrode 50 and described anode 60, be provided with second source 80, for described X-ray tube provides operating voltage.In the present embodiment, the scope of operating voltage is 20Kv ~ 200kV.In the present embodiment, the voltage of described second source 80 is higher than the voltage of described first power supply 70, and the electromotive force of described anode 60 is higher than the electromotive force of described focusing electrode 50.
In the present embodiment, grid 20 is metal grid mesh, comprises gate hole (not shown).
Refer to Fig. 3, Figure 3 shows that the circuit connection diagram of X-ray tube in another execution mode of the present invention.
In the present embodiment, described grid 20 and described negative electrode 30 are arranged between described first deflecting electrode 10 and described second deflecting electrode 40, wherein, described negative electrode 30 comprises electron-emitting area, and the distance between described first deflecting electrode 10 and described second deflecting electrode 40 is greater than the length of the electron-emitting area of described negative electrode 30.
In the present embodiment, between described grid 20 and described negative electrode 30, be provided with the first power supply 70, make the electromotive force of described grid 20 higher than the electromotive force of described negative electrode 30
In the present embodiment, between described first deflecting electrode 10 and described second deflecting electrode 40, be provided with the 3rd power supply 90, make the electromotive force of described second deflecting electrode 40 higher than the electromotive force of described first deflecting electrode 10.In the present embodiment, the voltage that described 3rd power supply 90 provides is 100V ~ 5000V.
In the present embodiment, the voltage between the first deflecting electrode 10 and the second deflecting electrode 40 and distance dependent between the two, distance is nearer, and required voltage is less.In the present embodiment, the minimum range between described first deflecting electrode 10 and described second deflecting electrode 40 is limited to the size of described negative electrode 30.
In the present embodiment, described focusing electrode 50 and described second deflecting electrode 40 conducting, described focusing electrode and described second deflecting electrode equipotential.
In the present embodiment, second source 80 is provided with between described focusing electrode 50 and described anode 60.In the present embodiment, the voltage of second source 80 is higher than the voltage of described first power supply 70 with described 3rd power supply 90, and the electromotive force of described anode 60 is higher than the electromotive force of described focusing electrode 50.
Refer to Fig. 4, Figure 4 shows that the trajectory of electron motion figure of X-ray tube in an embodiment of the present invention.
In the present embodiment, after the first power supply 70 is described X-ray tube on-load voltage with second source 80, negative electrode 30 and grid 20, first deflecting electrode 10 and the second deflecting electrode 40, first deflecting electrode 10 and anode 60, all also exist highfield between these electrodes.Between negative electrode 30 and grid 20, highfield makes electronics emit from negative electrode 30, flies to grid 20.Part electronics will impinge upon on metal grid mesh, be retained, the deflecting electric field that other a part of electronics then will arrive through gate hole the first deflecting electrode 10 and the second deflecting electrode 40 by grid 20.The field intensity of deflecting electric field is actual is herein made up of two parts, and a part is that between the first deflecting electrode 10 and the second deflecting electrode 40, electrical potential difference produces, and another part is then that the electrical potential difference between the first deflecting electrode 10 and anode 60 produces.The electronics arriving deflecting electric field deflects to the second direction, deflecting electrode 40 place under the effect of forceful electric power field force, then acceleration and the focusing electric field of focusing electrode 50 and anode 60 generation is arrived through focusing electrode 50, electron beam obtains more multi-energy in this acceleration and focusing electric field, and pools a narrow beam gradually and beat on anode 60.In the present embodiment, the focal spot size that electron pencil is beaten on anode 60 is less than 1mm.
Refer to Fig. 5, Figure 5 shows that the ion motion trace figure of X-ray tube in an embodiment of the present invention.
In the present embodiment, when electronics accelerates between focusing electrode 50 and anode 60, because the energy of electronics is very high, can be easy to the air molecule ionization between focusing electrode 50 and anode 60.Because of the electrical potential difference between the second deflecting electrode 40 and anode 60, and first electrical potential difference between deflecting electrode 10 and the second deflecting electrode 40, cation after air molecule ionization flies to the first deflecting electrode 10 under electric field force effect, finally impinge upon above the first deflecting electrode 10, thus avoid the bombardment that field-transmitting cathode 30 may be subject to.If the first deflecting electrode 10 is made up of the metal possessing air suction function, such as titanium, then air will be absorbed by the first deflecting electrode 10, which reduces the quantity of X ray air in tube molecule, be conducive to the maintenance of vacuum degree, and decrease the possibility that negative electrode 30 destroyed by air molecule.
X-ray tube provided by the present invention, by being provided with the first power supply 70 between grid 20 and negative electrode 30, focusing on and is arranging second source 80 between 50 and anode 60, achieving X-ray tube structure simple, with low cost, and extends the life-span of X-ray tube.
Although the present invention is described with reference to current better embodiment; but those skilled in the art will be understood that; above-mentioned better embodiment is only used for the present invention is described; not be used for limiting protection scope of the present invention; any within the spirit and principles in the present invention scope; any modification of doing, equivalence replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. an X-ray tube, comprising: the first deflecting electrode, negative electrode, grid, the second deflecting electrode, focusing electrode and anode, wherein:
Described grid and described negative electrode are arranged between described first deflecting electrode and described second deflecting electrode, described first deflecting electrode and described negative electrode conducting, described second deflecting electrode and described gate turn-on, described first deflecting electrode and described negative electrode equipotential, described second deflecting electrode and described grid equipotential, wherein, described negative electrode comprises electron-emitting area, and the distance between described first deflecting electrode and described second deflecting electrode is greater than the length of the electron-emitting area of described negative electrode;
Be provided with the first power supply between described grid and described negative electrode, make the electromotive force of described grid higher than the electromotive force of described negative electrode, make the electromotive force of described second deflecting electrode higher than the electromotive force of described first deflecting electrode;
Described focusing electrode and described second deflecting electrode conducting, described focusing electrode and described second deflecting electrode equipotential;
Be provided with second source between described focusing electrode and described anode, for described X-ray tube provides operating voltage, wherein, the voltage of described second source is higher than the voltage of described first power supply, and the electromotive force of described anode is higher than the electromotive force of described focusing electrode;
Described cathode electronics launches head of district 6mm, and the distance between the first deflecting electrode and the second deflecting electrode is 8mm ~ 30mm, and the distance between negative electrode and grid is less than or equal to 1mm.
2. X-ray tube as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the voltage of described first power supply is 100V ~ 5000V.
3. X-ray tube as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the voltage of described second source is 20KV ~ 200KV.
4. X-ray tube as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described first deflecting electrode is made up of the metal possessing air suction function.
5. an X-ray tube, comprising: the first deflecting electrode, negative electrode, grid, the second deflecting electrode, focusing electrode and anode, wherein:
Described grid and described negative electrode are arranged between described first deflecting electrode and described second deflecting electrode, wherein, described negative electrode comprises electron-emitting area, and the distance between described first deflecting electrode and described second deflecting electrode is greater than the length of the electron-emitting area of described negative electrode;
Be provided with the first power supply between described grid and described negative electrode, make the electromotive force of described grid higher than the electromotive force of described negative electrode;
Described first deflecting electrode and described second deflecting electrode are provided with the 3rd power supply, make the electromotive force of described second deflecting electrode higher than the electromotive force of described first deflecting electrode;
Described focusing electrode and described second deflecting electrode conducting, described focusing electrode and described second deflecting electrode equipotential;
Second source is provided with between described focusing electrode and described anode, for described X-ray tube provides operating voltage, wherein, the voltage of described second source is higher than the voltage of described first power supply and described 3rd power supply, and the electromotive force of described anode is higher than the electromotive force of described focusing electrode;
Described cathode electronics launches head of district 6mm, and the distance between the first deflecting electrode and the second deflecting electrode is 8mm ~ 30mm, and the distance between negative electrode and grid is less than or equal to 1mm.
6. X-ray tube as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, the voltage of described first power supply is 100V ~ 5000V.
7. X-ray tube as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, the voltage of described 3rd power supply is 100V ~ 5000V.
8. X-ray tube as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, the voltage of described second source is 20KV ~ 200KV.
9. X-ray tube as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, described first deflecting electrode is made up of the metal possessing air suction function.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210352085.0A CN102842477B (en) | 2012-09-20 | 2012-09-20 | X-ray tube |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210352085.0A CN102842477B (en) | 2012-09-20 | 2012-09-20 | X-ray tube |
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| CN102842477A CN102842477A (en) | 2012-12-26 |
| CN102842477B true CN102842477B (en) | 2015-09-23 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104470178A (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2015-03-25 | 清华大学 | X-ray device and CT device with same |
| CN104470173B (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2018-01-16 | 清华大学 | X-ray apparatus and the CT equipment with the X-ray apparatus |
| CN104470172B (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2017-08-15 | 清华大学 | X-ray apparatus and the CT equipment with the X-ray apparatus |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2010500713A (en) * | 2006-08-10 | 2010-01-07 | コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エレクトロニクス エヌ ヴィ | X-ray tube and voltage supply method for ion deflection and collection mechanism of X-ray tube |
| JP2010507188A (en) * | 2006-10-16 | 2010-03-04 | コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エレクトロニクス エヌ ヴィ | X-ray tube with ion deflection and collection device made of getter material |
| CN102543635A (en) * | 2012-01-18 | 2012-07-04 | 苏州生物医学工程技术研究所 | Multi-focal fixed anode X-ray tube based on field emission cathode |
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