CN102841135B - Based on the characterizing method of the welding crack expansion process of metal magnetic memory detection technology - Google Patents
Based on the characterizing method of the welding crack expansion process of metal magnetic memory detection technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN102841135B CN102841135B CN201210345052.3A CN201210345052A CN102841135B CN 102841135 B CN102841135 B CN 102841135B CN 201210345052 A CN201210345052 A CN 201210345052A CN 102841135 B CN102841135 B CN 102841135B
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Abstract
The invention discloses the characterizing method of the welding crack expansion process based on metal magnetic memory detection technology, the dynamic stress concentration of technology magnetic memory detection technology and fatigue load and fracture damage mechanics are combined, using magnetic memory signal method phase component and its graded situation as the variable in welding joint continuous damage, set up a kind of based on metal magnetic memory detection technology for the low-cycle fatigue damage quantitatively characterizing method of breach weld assembly under different loads form.The stress that the present invention adopts metal magnetic memory technique to detect heat-affected zone and commissure stray field under different fatigue cycle index is concentrated, by the expansion process of the quantitative sign crack tip of the change of magnetic memory signal null position, with the degree of injury of test specimen in the maximal value quantitatively characterizing crack propagation process of magnetic memory signal and its intensity gradient.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to band weld seam hardware magnetic NDT method field, more particularly, that one is concentrated based on metal magnetic memory signal and parameter variation characteristic detection component internal stress thereof, the method of quantitatively characterizing crack propagation process and component damage degree, belongs to metal magnetic memory test field in Non-Destructive Testing.
Background technology
Ferromagnetic material is widely used in commercial production because of its excellent mechanical property and cheap price.Fatigue break is the modal a kind of failure mode of ferromagnetic component (particularly weld assembly), and the fatigue break of 60% to 80% is because the stress of various microcosmic and macroscopic view is concentrated, damaged accumulative causing according to statistics.Welding is the process of a non-equilibrium heating cooling, can produce unrelieved stress through welded structure, and the local location of structure causes stress significantly to concentrate, and runs, be just easy to cause fatigue damage to rupture under cyclic loading condition.Generally, the root that welding crack produces expansion is exactly that the stress of various microcosmic is concentrated, and the generation of crackle and expansion and the load type of waveform suffered by structural member have very large relation in addition.Diagnosed the expansion process of crackle by the method for Non-Destructive Testing in advance, find out potential extensions path, extremely important to the fatigure failure of prevention test specimen.
Carry out analysis of fatigue, effectively evaluating stress deformation situation, particularly cause the limit stress deformation condition damaged just to become the structural strength of valuator device and component and reliability one foundation always.In order to find out maximum machine stress deformation region timely and accurately, Russia scholar proposes the metal magnetic memory detecting method based on material power magneto-coupling effect, utilize the ferrimagnet spontaneous magnetization characteristic under magnetic field of the earth and stress field acting in conjunction to detect, can detecting material internal stress concentration zones and stress concentration degree thereof, and then determine that steady hazardous location may occur for the existence of defect or component.Metal magnetic memory testing instrument device can detect the method phase component of component surface stray field, and the method phase component of this stray field reflects the concentrated degree of welding crack internal stress.Crackle and the near zone place that stress concentration degree is the highest often thereof, the stress that therefore metal magnetic memory testing instrument device can be utilized to detect concentrates the expansion process characterizing crackle.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided one can for magnetic signal and characteristic parameter variation characteristic thereof, the fatigue damage degree of the breach weld assembly under the effect of different loads form and crack propagation process are carried out to the low-cycle fatigue damage quantitatively characterizing method based on metal magnetic memory detection technology of quantitatively characterizing.
Technical purpose of the present invention is achieved by following proposal:
Technical scheme of the present invention is combined at the dynamic stress concentration of technology magnetic memory detection technology and fatigue load and fracture damage mechanics, using magnetic memory signal method phase component and its graded situation as the variable in welding joint continuous damage, set up a kind of based on metal magnetic memory detection technology for the low-cycle fatigue damage quantitatively characterizing method of breach weld assembly under different loads form, described method mainly comprises the following steps:
First (step 1), to band breach welded specimen, (as shown in Figure 1, test specimen is long is 2a, wide for b) to carry out low cycle fatigue test under the fatigue load effect of different wave.The prefabricated crackle perpendicular to weld seam (being about 1mm) of indentation, there before experiment, can predict that crackle can along the Directional Extension perpendicular to weld seam.In fatigue loading process, surface of test piece heat-affected zone (Measurement channel 1 under detection different fatigue cycle index, precrack is passed through during measurement) and the magnetic memory signal (normal component of spontaneous stray field intensity) of axis of a weld place (Measurement channel 2), namely the magnetic memory signal of different measuring passage in crack propagation process is obtained, the start line of each measurement is all positioned at l place on the left of weld seam, the terminated line of each measurement is all positioned at l place on the right side of weld seam, namely, centered by precrack, start respectively to measure and stop in left and right sides equidistant.
Secondly (step 2), the position P of the magnetic memory signal zero crossing of heat-affected zone and commissure under extraction different loads cycle index
1(l), P
2the magnetic memory signal maximal value Hp of (l) and commissure
2(y)
max(as shown in Figure 2), owing to being in the Measurement channel of heat-affected zone through precrack, magnetic memory signal zero crossing position P in fatigue loading process
1l () remains unchanged, as reference, can judge the zero crossing position of the magnetic memory signal at axis of a weld place according to this.
(step 3) again, because the stress concentration degree of crack tip is higher than other regions, at the highest region of stress concentration, stray field normal component zero crossing, so can analyze the propagation law of crack tip in loading procedure according to the zero point position of magnetic memory signal.P with the position coordinates of the magnetic memory signal zero crossing of commissure during the N time fatigue and cyclic
2(l)
nfor variable, set up and characterize crack tip and fixed position P
1the displacement difference of (l) than expression formula, namely
when | L|≤5% just shows the magnetic memory signal zero crossing position P of Measurement channel 2
2(l)
nwith the magnetic memory signal zero crossing position P of Measurement channel 1
1l () is more close, crackle is expanded along the position of vertical weld.
Last (step 4), analyzes Crack Initiation stage stress herein according to the maximal value of weld seam magnetic memory signal and concentrates situation, the degree of injury of prediction test specimen.With the magnetic memory signal maximal value H of commissure during the N time fatigue and cyclic
2(Y)
max Nas variable, set up the expression model of weld assembly injury tolerance,
as the standard weighing welding piece fatigue damage.Wherein H
2(y)
max 0represent the maximal value loading the magnetic memory signal that front commissure detects, work as D
nrepresent when>=2.0 that major injury occurs in commissure, D
nthe degree of injury of the larger component of value larger.
The stress that the present invention adopts metal magnetic memory technique to detect heat-affected zone and commissure stray field under different fatigue cycle index is concentrated, by the expansion process of the quantitative sign crack tip of the change of magnetic memory signal null position, with the degree of injury of test specimen in the maximal value quantitatively characterizing crack propagation process of magnetic memory signal and its intensity gradient.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The Workpiece structure schematic diagram of Fig. 1 the present invention test
The magnetic memory signal curve map of heat-affected zone and commissure under Fig. 2 different loads cycle index, wherein the position of the magnetic memory signal zero crossing of heat-affected zone and commissure is respectively P
1(l), P
2the magnetic memory signal maximal value Hp of (l) and commissure
2(y)
max
Test specimen scale diagrams in Fig. 3 embodiment of the present invention
The magnetic memory signal curve map of heat-affected zone and commissure under different loads cycle index in Fig. 4 embodiment of the present invention 1
The magnetic memory signal curve map of heat-affected zone and commissure under different loads cycle index in Fig. 5 embodiment of the present invention 2
Embodiment
Technical scheme of the present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with specific embodiment.A kind of method characterizing crack propagation process and degree of injury in welded structure based on metal magnetic memory technique and characteristic parameter thereof, under same stress ratio effect, fatigue load adopts square wave fatigue load and triangular wave fatigue load respectively, the size of test specimen as shown in Figure 3 (mm):
Embodiment 1: fatigue load selecting party wave load, stress ratio is 0.5, maximum load 120KN, minimum load 60KN
1, under conditions set torture test is carried out to band breach welding piece, prefabricated perpendicular to weld seam, the crackle being about 1mm in indentation, there before experiment; In fatigue loading process, detect the magnetic memory signal of test specimen heat-affected zone and commissure with metal magnetic memory technique.Then the position P of the zero crossing of the magnetic memory signal of heat-affected zone and commissure under the N time cycle index is extracted
1(l), P
2(l)
nwith the magnetic memory signal maximal value Hp of commissure
2(y)
max N(as shown in Figure 4) the magnetic memory signal zero crossing position P of heat-affected zone, is wherein in
1(l)=40.
2, be P (l) according to the position coordinates of the magnetic memory signal zero crossing of commissure during the N time fatigue and cyclic
nfor variable, calculate crack tip displacement difference than (as shown in table 1 below).After cycle index is greater than 10000 times, | L|≤2.5 show the magnetic memory signal zero crossing position of commissure and predetermined crack location close, weld seam along the Directional Extension of vertical weld, with predict the outcome consistent.
Table 1
| Cycle index | 500 | 1000 | 1500 | 2000 | 2500 | 3000 | 4000 | 5500 | 6000 | 7500 |
| L | 20 | 15 | 15 | 14.5 | 13.5 | 12 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 7.5 |
| Cycle index | 8500 | 9500 | 10500 | 11500 | 13000 | 14500 | 15000 | 15500 | 17000 | 16530 |
| L | 5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Cycle index | 17500 | 18500 | 19030 | 19500 | 20040 | 21000 | 22000 | 23500 | 24500 | 25500 |
| L | 0 | 0 | -2.5 | -2.5 | -2.5 | -2.5 | -2.5 | -2.5 | -2.5 | -2.5 |
3, with the magnetic memory signal maximal value H of commissure during the N time fatigue and cyclic
2(y)
max Nas variable, calculate weld assembly injury tolerance (as shown in table 2 below), as the standard weighing welding piece fatigue damage.When after N>10000 time, D
n>=2 show component generation major injury, D
nthe degree of injury of the larger component of value larger.
Table 2
| Cycle index | 500 | 1000 | 1500 | 2000 | 2500 | 3000 | 4000 | 5500 | 6000 | 7500 |
| D | 1 | 1.071 | 1.25 | 1.375 | 1.339 | 1.357 | 1.339 | 1.393 | 1.393 | 1.696 |
| Cycle index | 8500 | 9500 | 10500 | 11500 | 13000 | 14500 | 15000 | 15500 | 17000 | 16530 |
| D | 1.732 | 1.786 | 1.946 | 2.143 | 2.232 | 2.321 | 2.679 | 2.839 | 2.857 | 3.036 |
| Cycle index | 17500 | 18500 | 19030 | 19500 | 20040 | 21000 | 22000 | 23500 | 24500 | 25500 |
| D | 3.214 | 3.393 | 3.572 | 3.518 | 3.554 | 3.69 | 3.929 | 4.107 | 4.214 | 4.339 |
Embodiment 2: fatigue load selects triangular wave load, and stress ratio is 0.5, maximum load 120KN, minimum load 60KN
1, under conditions set torture test is carried out to band breach welding piece, prefabricated perpendicular to weld seam, the crackle being about 1mm in indentation, there before experiment; In fatigue loading process, detect the magnetic memory signal of test specimen heat-affected zone and commissure with metal magnetic memory technique.Then the position P of the zero crossing of the magnetic memory signal of heat-affected zone and commissure under the N time cycle index is extracted
1(l), P
2(l)
nwith the magnetic memory signal maximal value Hp of commissure
2(y)
max N(as shown in Figure 5) the magnetic memory signal zero crossing position P of heat-affected zone, is wherein in
1(l)=40.
2, be P (l) according to the position coordinates of the magnetic memory signal zero crossing of commissure during the N time fatigue and cyclic
nfor variable, calculate crack tip displacement difference than (as shown in table 3 below).After cycle index is greater than 9500 times, | L|≤5 show the magnetic memory signal zero crossing position of commissure and predetermined crack location close, weld seam is along the Directional Extension of vertical weld.
Table 3
| Cycle index | 1000 | 1500 | 2000 | 2500 | 3000 | 4070 | 4500 | 5500 |
| L | 47.5 | 42.5 | 37.5 | 20 | 20 | 15 | 10 | 10 |
| Cycle index | 6500 | 7040 | 8000 | 9500 | 10000 | 11500 | 14500 | 15000 |
| L | 10 | 7.5 | 7.5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 2.5 | 0 |
| Cycle index | 15500 | 16000 | 16500 | 17000 | 17500 | 18000 | ||
| L | 0 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
3, with the magnetic memory signal maximal value H of commissure during the N time fatigue and cyclic
2(y)
max Nas variable, calculate weld assembly injury tolerance (as shown in table 4 below), as the standard weighing welding piece fatigue damage.After N is greater than 5500 times, D
n>=2 show component generation major injury, D
nthe degree of injury of the larger component of value larger.
Table 4
| Cycle index | 1000 | 1500 | 2000 | 2500 | 3000 | 4070 | 4500 | 5500 |
| D | 1 | 1.310 | 1.310 | 1.476 | 1.476 | 1.595 | 1.571 | 2.381 |
| Cycle index | 6500 | 7040 | 8000 | 9500 | 10000 | 11500 | 14500 | 15000 |
| D | 2.381 | 2.476 | 2.5 | 2.381 | 2.381 | 2.381 | 3.095 | 2.667 |
| Cycle index | 15500 | 16000 | 16500 | 17000 | 17500 | 18000 | ||
| D | 2.929 | 3 | 2.952 | 2.857 | 2.810 | 3.214 |
Above to invention has been exemplary description; should be noted that; when not departing from core of the present invention, any simple distortion, amendment or other those skilled in the art can not spend the equivalent replacement of creative work all to fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1., based on the characterizing method of the welding crack expansion process of metal magnetic memory detection technology, it is characterized in that,
First, under the fatigue load effect of different wave, low cycle fatigue test is carried out to band breach welded specimen, before the test is conducted at the prefabricated crackle perpendicular to weld seam of indentation, there, in fatigue loading process, the magnetic memory signal at surface of test piece heat-affected zone and axis of a weld place under detection different fatigue cycle index, namely the magnetic memory signal of different measuring passage in crack propagation process is obtained, wherein be in the Measurement channel of heat-affected zone through precrack, when detecting magnetic memory signal, centered by precrack, start respectively to detect and termination detection in left and right sides equidistant,
Next, the position P of the magnetic memory signal zero crossing of heat-affected zone and commissure under extraction different loads cycle index
1(l), P
2the magnetic memory signal maximal value Hp of (l) and commissure
2(y)
max;
Again, be P with the position coordinates of the magnetic memory signal zero crossing of commissure during the N time fatigue and cyclic
2(l)
nfor variable, with
for crack tip and fixed position P
1l the displacement difference of () compares expression formula; With the magnetic memory signal maximal value H of commissure during the N time fatigue and cyclic
2(y)
maxNas variable, with
as the standard weighing welding piece fatigue damage, wherein H
2(y)
max0represent the maximal value loading the magnetic memory signal that front commissure detects.
2. the characterizing method of the welding crack expansion process based on metal magnetic memory detection technology according to claim 1, is characterized in that, when | during L|≤5%, show the magnetic memory signal zero crossing position P at axis of a weld place
2(l)
nwith the magnetic memory signal zero crossing position P of Measurement channel being in heat-affected zone
1l () is more close, crackle is expanded along the position of vertical weld.
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| CN104777218A (en) * | 2014-01-15 | 2015-07-15 | 天津大学 | Method for determining ferromagnetic material crack generation by metal magnetic memory detection technology |
| CN108875135B (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2022-07-15 | 沈阳工业大学 | Weld magnetic memory signal feature identification method |
| CN108763664A (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2018-11-06 | 沈阳工业大学 | Based on ultra-soft pseudo potential weld seam magnetic memory signal characteristic detection method |
| CN109556958A (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2019-04-02 | 武汉科技大学 | A kind of test method of simple check line crack starter location and spreading rate at first |
| CN109855992A (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2019-06-07 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | A kind of big thick and high-strength degree aluminium alloy plate fatigue crack propagation test method |
| CN111175157B (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2021-01-19 | 西安交通大学 | Low-cycle fatigue performance evaluation method for welding joint |
| CN111289608B (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2023-03-21 | 江苏科技大学 | Method for evaluating welding residual stress |
| CN113514291B (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2023-01-06 | 中国航发商用航空发动机有限责任公司 | Method for preparing test sample with surface cracks |
| CN111521507B (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2023-03-31 | 江苏师范大学 | Test method for thermal fatigue surface crack propagation rate of environment-friendly stainless steel weld joint |
| CN114169109A (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2022-03-11 | 华北电力科学研究院有限责任公司 | Dissimilar steel joint fatigue life prediction method and device |
| CN114413828B (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2023-12-29 | 吉林建筑大学 | Structural deformation monitoring method for light steel structure assembly type building |
| CN114942090B (en) * | 2022-04-11 | 2024-05-03 | 江苏科技大学 | Correction method for evaluating ferromagnetic cladding layer stress based on self-emission magnetic signal |
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