CN102840185A

CN102840185A - Hydraulic tank for storing liquid pressure based on pressure storing agent and hydraulic system for pressure storage

Info

Publication number: CN102840185A
Application number: CN 201110145401
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈启星
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2011-05-20
Filing date: 2011-05-20
Publication date: 2012-12-26

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydraulic tank for storing liquid pressure based on a pressure storing agent and a hydraulic system for pressure storage. The principle is that: hydraulic pressure is stored in a manner of compressing a refrigerant; a tank cavity formed by a tank shell in a sealing manner is arranged in a pressure storage tank; the tank cavity is partitioned into two sub-cavities by a movable isolation body; one sub-cavity is injected with pressure liquid as a hydraulic cavity; the hydraulic cavity is provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet connected with the outside; the other sub-cavity is injected with the refrigerating liquid as a pressure storage cavity; the pressure is greater than saturated vapor pressure when the pressure liquid is injected; and the isolation body is pushed to compress the pressure storage cavity, the gaseous pressure storing agent is gradually pressed into a liquid state, at this time, the pressure is stored by the pressure liquid in the hydraulic cavity, and the pressure is equal to the saturated vapor pressure.

Description

A kind of hydraulic tank and storage hydraulic fluid pressing system of pressing agent storaging liquid pressure based on storage

Technical field: the present invention is a kind of pressure-stored tank and Hynautio-steering, belongs to the Hydraulic Power Transmission System field.

Background technique: in the mechanically movings such as car, ship, aircraft, all will use clutch, break, throttle, commutator.Present automobile brake power-assisted and power steering all will depend on the state of motor, just can produce power-assisted when having only engine operation, and power-assisted just disappears during engine misses, can make braking weak, turn to very heavyly, may cause traffic accident thus.It is a kind of good method that clutch, break, commutator, throttle are adopted hydraulic driving, and engine misses also can proper functioning also can produce very big driving force, but hydraulic driving faces a difficulty at present; Be exactly because liquid incompressible, so hydraulic pressure can't store, when needs are used hydraulic driving; Need the starting liquid pump; Instead would not be very timely, and need the pump that power is bigger, can produce enough hydraulic pressure rapidly.

Goal of the invention: liquid is cannot be compressed, invents a kind of hydraulic tank with the air pressure stores hydraulic pressure, as long as a lower-powered pump just can be kept the enough hydraulic pressure of hydraulic tank; Based on this hydraulic tank; Design control corresponding system realizes electrical signal control machinery action, controls opening and closing of each electrically-controlled valve; Pressure liquid in the hydraulic tank drives corresponding oil hydraulic cylinder, thereby drives the action of clutch, break, commutator, throttle, aircraft evelvator or the like actuator.

Principle: a kind of based on storing up the hydraulic tank of pressing agent storaging liquid pressure and storing up the hydraulic fluid pressing system hereinafter to be referred as pressure-stored tank, its principle is to come stores hydraulic pressure with the mode that stores air pressure; Pressure-stored tank has a jar chamber that is formed by ladle bowl sealing (perhaps claiming a jar cabin), jar chamber by one can activity slider be separated into two subcavities, an injection pressure liquid and be called hydraulic pressure cavity, hydraulic pressure cavity has a liquid entering hole to be connected with the outside with a liquid outlet; Another subcavities has been injected storage and has been pressed agent and be called storage pressure chamber; Storage presses agent to be similar to refrigeration agent; When gas-liquid coexists and be temperature-resistant is constant voltage; When normal temperature changes, be similar to constant voltage in gas-liquid coexistence and temperature, (at normal temperatures-29～40 ℃ the time, saturation vapour pressure is 0.78～0.98MPa) such as R12 for title saturation vapor pressure or condensing pressure;

When injection pressure liquid, the pressure hydraulic coupling promotes slider compression storage and presses the chamber greater than saturation vapour pressure; The gaseous state storage presses agent to be pressed into liquid state gradually; When storage presses agent to be compressed into liquid state all, just can not recompress, at this moment, the pressure liquid in the hydraulic pressure cavity has all stored pressure; The pressure size equals saturation vapour pressure, so also be similar to constant voltage; In other words, stored the pressure liquid of the higher accurate constant voltage of a pressure tank in the pressure-stored tank, its pressure equals storage and presses the agent saturation vapor pressure;

When the outside work done of pressure liquid, the pressure of pressure liquid is that storage presses the saturation vapor pressure in the chamber to provide, and this is an accurate constant voltage that pressure is higher; When not having injection pressure liquid, because the pressure effect of agent is pressed in storage, promote slider compression hydraulic pressure cavity to minimum value and enlarge storage to press the chamber to maximum value, it is a small amount of liquid to keep saturation vapor pressure that storage at this moment presses agent to also have;

The storage pressure process of pressure-stored tank is accomplished by the fluid infusion liquid pump, and when pressure liquid in the jar chamber was short of, liquid pump was pressed force value pump-in pressure liquid in the jar chamber of agent saturation vapour pressure to surpass storage; When pressure liquid was filled with jar chamber, liquid pump stopped pump liquid;

With pipeline the pressure liquid in the pressure-stored tank is connected numerous oil hydraulic cylinders that plays the execution effect, each oil hydraulic cylinder is through fluid-delivery valve and liquid discharging valve control pressure liquid wherein, moves and the stretching of piston rod thereby control piston in the oil hydraulic cylinder;

The Main physical performance that outstanding storage presses agent to possess is: in operating temperature range, have and satisfy saturation vapor pressure that working pressure requires and saturation vapor pressure excursion not quite (hereinafter to be referred as the constant voltage that is as the criterion) when temperature variation; In theory, saturation vapor pressure is that the storage of 0.12-100MPa presses agent to use in operating temperature range, but presses agent as the storage of native system, for 0.3-2MPa more reasonable; Because this is a problem that has just proposed; Also there is not relevant data to adopt what material to serve as storage to press agent ideal with determining; At present, the physical property of refrigeration agents such as ammonia, sulfur dioxide, R11, R12, R22, R134 is pressed the desired performance of agent near storage, can serve as storage for the time being and press agent; When being-10 ℃～50 ℃ such as the temperature range as R12, the saturation vapor pressure scope is 0.8-1.3MPa; Externally during work done, storage is pressed agent to become gaseous state by liquid state and is absorbed heat, and temperature is had a bit descend, and descends so saturation vapor pressure can have a bit thereupon; When storage was pressed, storage pressed agent to become liquid state and heat release by gaseous state, temperature is had a bit rise, and rose so saturation vapor pressure can have a bit thereupon; But say that from the angle of engineering machinery this point point changes and can ignore, so saturation vapor pressure is accurate constant voltage.

Easy in order to narrate, provide following agreement earlier:

● the label that preceding figure had explained, when back figure occurs again, can no longer explain.

● slider comprises piston HS and diaphragm MP; Piston HS comprises jacket-type piston and seal ring formula piston in crush seal ring type piston, extruding V-seal ring type piston, the zigzag fashion.

● hydraulic pressure cavity YYQ and pressure liquid YLY Direction Line have referred to same place, but one is meant cavity, and one is meant the material in the cavity; It also is like this that storage presses chamber CYQ to press agent CYJ with storage.

● storage presses agent CYJ to comprise that gaseous state storage pressure agent CYJ1 presses agent CYJ2 with liquid storage.

● agreement k=1～n, represent some among YG1～YGn like YGk.

● " electrically-controlled valve " that " valve " all is meant comprises the valve of solenoid valve and motor control.

● bearing (or overrunning clutch) " is positioned " ZZ (ZZ refers to certain parts), and it is static relatively with the face that ZZ pastes mutually that spindle holds (or overrunning clutch), is appreciated that to " weldering " has been one, and be actually axially to locate with jump ring, circumferencial direction is located with key.Below " key " comprise flat key and spline.

● among Fig. 8 .1 to Figure 10 .2, damping spring 8E some as involute, so be named " involute formula damping spring ", be called for short by " involute spring ".

embodiment.

Embodiment 1-piston type pressure-stored tank, its composition are seen accompanying drawing 1.1, Fig. 1 .2 explanation.End cap DG and cylinder barrel GT constitute a jar chamber, by nut LM and screw rod LG fastening flange plate FLP, compress sealing gasket MFD and realize sealing, and end cap can be manufactured on any one or both sides and all do; Piston HS is isolated into hydraulic pressure cavity YYQ and storage pressure chamber CYQ two subcavities with the jar chamber, and storage is pressed chamber CYQ storing storage and pressed agent CYJ, and its end has a benefit storage to press agent mouth BCK to replenish the agent of storage pressure; There are spout ZYK and liquid port PYK in hydraulic pressure cavity YYQ end, can inject or head pressure liquid YLY; When the pressure of fluid infusion liquid pump was pressed the saturation vapour pressure of agent greater than storage, pressure liquid YLY injected hydraulic pressure cavity YYQ and squeezes push piston HS and press chamber CYQ direction to move to storage, pressed agent CYJ 1 to be compressed into liquid storage the gaseous state storage and pressed agent CYJ2, store up pressure; It is a position switch that threshold value is arranged that chamber position switch WZC is pressed in storage, and when piston arrives WZC, just representing to have stored up expires, and WZC sends " full cabin " signal, and the fluid infusion liquid pump stops pump liquid; When external work done, storage presses agent to promote piston squeeze pressure liquid, and pressure liquid is with the outside work done of the force value that equals saturation vapour pressure; Pressurised fluid stream goes out; Because WZC has threshold value, piston is pushed out a bit of distance back WZC and just sends " benefit cabin " signal, and the fluid infusion liquid pump recovers pump liquid; Represent that when piston arrives hydraulic pressure cavity position switch WZY pressure liquid arranged, WZY sends the alarm signal of " lacking liquid ".

Embodiment 2.1-extruding rectangular seal ring type piston, its composition is seen accompanying drawing 2.1.Do not have the self-compensating ability after the present piston packing wearing and tearing, crush seal ring type piston has some self-compensating abilities.Tie point LJD with stretched spring TH and up and down two pressure cover YG link into an integrated entity, spring TH tension is two pressure cover YG crush seal ring MFH up and down, seal ring can become seal ring towards radially extruding; After the sealing circle has worn and torn a bit, can be squeezed out again have some additional; Because it is constant that spring length is similar to, so approximate constant to the extruding force of seal ring, in certain wear range, seal ring is similar to constant to the extruding force of inner wall of cylinder, and just the sealing of seal ring is similar to constant.Overcoat WT can be made of one with interior cover NT, also can be independent; Through hole TK makes storage press agent to get into, and effectively utilizes the space.

Can bloat to periphery after seal ring is extruded, so when mounted, this piston gets into very difficulty of cylinder barrel; In order to address this problem; Adopted a pressure cover positioning work piece, be made up of setscrew nut DWM, positioning screw DWG, positioning disk DWP positioning disk and screw bayonet lock KX, setscrew nut DWM is fixed in the pressure cover that pastes mutually with it; A counterbore is arranged in the middle of the positioning disk DWP; Positioning screw DWG is inserted on the top this counterbore and for movingly, when positioning screw is gone by precession, can the distance between setscrew nut DWM and the positioning disk DWP be pushed up length, and the pressure relief lid is to the extruding of seal ring; After piston is inserted cylinder barrel, again positioning screw is screwed out, recover the extruding of pressure cover to seal ring; The degree of depth of positioning disk DWP counterbore can mobile distance greater than pressure cover, makes can rotate between positioning disk DWP and the positioning screw DWG and can not fall down, and can certainly cooperate draw-in groove to accomplish to make DWP this task that do not fall down with a bayonet lock KX.

Embodiment 2.2-extruding V-seal ring type piston, its composition is seen accompanying drawing 2.2.Tie point LJD with spring TH and up and down two V-type pressure cover VYG link into an integrated entity, spring TH tension is two V-type pressure cover VYG extruding V-seal ring VH up and down, V-seal ring VH can become seal ring towards radially extruding; When ring wear a bit after, can be squeezed out again have some additional; Because the distance that V-seal ring VH can be extruded is bigger than seal ring MFH, so additional properties is better; V-type overcoat VT and interior cover NT are independent, can move the V-seal ring VH in the middle of the extruding; The pressure cover positioning work piece is the same.

Jacket-type piston in the embodiment 3-zigzag fashion, its composition are seen accompanying drawing 3.1 and Fig. 3 .2.Tie point LJD links into an integrated entity spring TH, overcoat pressure cake WYB and interior cover pressure cake NYB; Spring TH tension is two pressure cakes up and down, and cover CNT squeezes in zigzag fashion elastic overcoat CWT in the compressing zigzag fashion, and CWT is radially extruded, and presses inner wall of cylinder and seals, and its compensation performance is fine; This structure is that the piston total length seals, and being equivalent to whole piston is a seal ring, so sealing effect is better; At the very thin annular oil-containing slit HYF of several circles of CWT periphery car, for increasing lubrication; The pressure cover positioning work piece is the same.

Embodiment 4.1-double-action double-piston rod-type oil hydraulic cylinder, its composition is seen accompanying drawing 4.1.The fluid-delivery valve ZFa of chamber a and the liquid discharging valve PFb of chamber b are interlock combinations, and PFb will discharge opeing when the ZFa fluid injection, so the liquid discharging valve control gear PKb of the fluid-delivery valve control gear ZKa of chamber a and chamber b can be merged into one; Equally, the fluid-delivery valve ZFb of chamber b and the liquid discharging valve PFa of chamber a are interlock combinations, and PFa will discharge opeing when the ZFb fluid injection, and the liquid discharging valve control gear PKa of the fluid-delivery valve control gear ZKb of chamber b and chamber a can be merged into one; When piston moved to limit position (position switch WZa or position switch WZb), position switch can send stop signal.It has the piston rod of two symmetries, and is very suitable as the direction servomechanism.

Embodiment 4.1 removes HSGa and has just become double-action single-piston rod formula oil hydraulic cylinder; Remove the liquid in-out pipe of chamber a again, change dustproof filter screen into, just become single-acting single-piston rod formula oil hydraulic cylinder, its shortcoming is that returning of piston rod remove need be by external force, and advantage is few consumption pressure liquid.

Embodiment 5-diaphragm type pressure-stored tank, its composition are seen accompanying drawing 5.1, Fig. 5 .2.Constitute spherical cylinder shell QGK by first spherical cap QGKa and second spherical cap QGKb; The diaphragm MP that is pushed down by first spherical cap and second spherical cap is anti-around the good seal membrane of folding endurance; When pressure liquid injected, diaphragm can be extruded towards storage and press chamber CYQ direction motion, and the compression storage presses the gaseous state storage in chamber to press agent; Be compressed into liquid state until big portion; Diaphragm is pressed onto storage and presses chamber position switch WZC (seeing Fig. 5 .1), and WZC sends " full cabin " signal, and fluid infusion liquid pump YB stops pump liquid; When outside need pressure liquid, storage presses agent to promote diaphragm squeeze pressure liquid, and pressure liquid is with the outside work done of the force value that equals saturation vapour pressure; Because WZC has threshold value, diaphragm is pushed out a bit of distance back WZC and just sends " benefit cabin " signal, and the fluid infusion liquid pump recovers pump liquid; If pressure liquid has all been put, diaphragm has been pressed onto hydraulic pressure cavity position switch WZY (seeing Fig. 5 .2), and WZY is for sending the alarm signal of " lacking liquid ".

Embodiment 6-capsule formula pressure-stored tank (being called for short the bag pressure jar), its composition is seen accompanying drawing 6.There is a built-in storage to press flexible air-bag QN among the ladle bowl GK of bag pressure jar, injects storage among the air bag QN and press agent CYJ,, pressure liquid is all filled with in the place except that air bag in the bag pressure jar when fluid infusion liquid pump YB flattens air bag during to the bag pressure filling liquid; When the outside work done of pressure liquid, the pressure of pressure liquid is that the saturation vapor pressure in the air bag provides, and in other words, has stored a pressure tank liquid in the bag pressure jar, and its pressure equals storage and presses the agent saturation vapor pressure; It is spongy hard layer that ladle bowl GK inwall has a liquid-adsorption layer XYC, and its effect is to swell when being attached to the ladle bowl inwall when air bag, can exert pressure to air bag is comprehensive by guide pressure liquid; Perforated baffle KDB avoids air bag to stop up liquid entering hole and liquid outlet.

Embodiment 7-pressure-stored tank system, its composition is seen accompanying drawing 7.When slider left storage pressure chamber position switch WZC, WZC sent " benefit cabin " instruction that drives fluid infusion liquid pump YB, and the method that drives fluid infusion liquid pump YB has two types, and one type is motoring, and another kind of is engine-driving; Electric motor driven control is very simple, controls with a relay to get final product, but more helps energy-conservation with engine-driving;

Engine-driven principle is: WZC sends the instruction that drives fluid infusion liquid pump YB and gives gearing device control gear NHK; Gearing device NHQ engagement under the control of NHK; The transmission of power that will be the driving shaft ZDZ of power with the motor is given driven shaft CDZ, and CDZ drives fluid infusion liquid pump YB pressure-stored tank CYG is carried out fluid infusion; (being among the CYG) storage is pressed chamber position switch WZC to send " full cabin " signal and is given gearing device control gear NHK after fluid infusion is accomplished; Gearing device NHQ withdraws from engagement under the control of NHK; Liquid pump YB runs out of steam and stops pump liquid, and at this moment, safety check ZHF prevents that pressure liquid from refluxing;

As certain oil hydraulic cylinder YGk (YGk represent among YG1～YGn some) when needing injection pressure liquid; Its its fluid-delivery valve of fluid-delivery valve control gear ZKk control ZFk opens; Its liquid discharging valve of liquid discharging valve control gear PKk control PY k closes, and pressure liquid YLY is to oil hydraulic cylinder YGk fluid injection work done;

When certain oil hydraulic cylinder YGk need get rid of pressure liquid, its liquid discharging valve of its liquid discharging valve control gear PKk control PY k opened, and its fluid-delivery valve of fluid-delivery valve control gear ZKk control ZFk closes, and oil hydraulic cylinder YGk is to fluid cylinder YT discharge opeing; In order to make discharge opeing smooth, can adopt two methods: 1. a negative liquid pump FYB is installed, pressure liquid is taken out to fluid cylinder YT on the input duct of fluid cylinder YT; 2. on the top of fluid cylinder YT a pump-line is installed, the pump FQB that does something in a fit of pique is installed on pump-line bleeds, make fluid cylinder YT keep negative pressure, be beneficial to the pressure liquid backflow fluid cylinder YT that oil hydraulic cylinder YGk gets rid of.

Embodiment 8-A class buffering overrunning clutch; Its characteristic is: category-A overrunning clutch 8G is positioned the translation cover and is in the centre of front and rear cover; Carry out transmission of torque with involute spring 8E connection 8G outer ring and spring drum 8F, its composition is seen accompanying drawing 8.1 and Fig. 8 .2.Below " translation " refer to " moving axially ".

The structure explanation: axle 8A passes through the bearing positioning support in gearing device seat 8U in

; Can rotate, can not translation;

outer shaft 8Q by axle bearing 8q positioning support outside two ends in interior axle 8A, can not translation so outer shaft 8Q can only rotate;

power input wheel 8P and shell gear 8N and outer shaft 8Q are fixed as one, so 8P and 8N can be with outer shaft rotations and can not translation; In

translation cover 8B is enclosed within through key 8k (key between interior axle and the translation cover) on the axle 8A, a 8A rotates and can translation on 8A in following;

shift fork dish 8C overlaps 8B through the bearing positioning support in translation; Can not translation with respect to translation cover 8B and can rotate; So; When shift fork 8S stirs shift fork dish 8C translation, stir translation cover 8B translation exactly;

shell gear is an internal tooth; The nuclear gear is an external tooth, and both are meshing relation; All indicate arrow on

overrunning clutch Internal and external cycle; Internal and external cycle no matter; Overrunning clutch is equivalent to bearing during along the arrow rotation, and contrary arrow is equivalent to fixed cover when rotating; ★ spring drum 8F and front and rear cover 8D, 8H are supported on the translation cover 8B nuclear gear 8M and rear end cover 8H secure bond by bearing 8d, 8h; Buffering gearing device working principle: overrunning clutch 8G is substituted with fixed cover, just become the buffering gearing device.This official holiday determined power wheel for inputting 8P turns clockwise; be not when having engagement signal; Shell gear 8N and nuclear gear 8M separate, so the rotation of power input wheel 8P can not drive interior axle 8A rotation;

is when engagement signal arrives; Oil hydraulic cylinder 8T injection pressure liquid; Piston rod (being push rod 8t) is ejected, promote shift fork 8S, shift fork dish 8C is dialled to the engagement direction; Shell gear 8N and nuclear gear 8M engagement; So turn clockwise just drive nuclear gear 8M and spring drum 8F (Fig. 8 .2) rotation (rotary inertia of nuclear gear 8M and spring drum 8F is little, so impact force is little) clockwise of power input wheel 8P, fixed cover 8B is static because spring drum 8F rotates; So spring 8E can screw rapidly, towing (fixed cover, translation cover 8B and interior axle 8A) together turns clockwise;

is when power input wheel 8P counter-rotating or certain reason make the clockwise rotating speed of inner ring greater than the clockwise rotating speed in outer ring; Involute spring 8E can receive the top power at two ends and be out of shape, fracture (to call this destructive rotation that rotates to be in the following text); So the buffering gearing device can not be tackled destructive rotation, axle 8A is pure passive equipment in only being applicable to.In order to tackle destructive rotation, need change fixed cover into overrunning clutch 8G, just become category-A buffering overrunning clutch.

Category-A buffering overrunning clutch working principle: this example supposes that still power input wheel 8P turns clockwise.

be not when having engagement signal; Shell gear 8N and nuclear gear 8M separate, so the rotation of power input wheel 8P can not drive interior axle 8A rotation; When ★ arrives when engagement signal; Shell gear 8N and nuclear gear 8M engagement, so power input wheel 8P just drives nuclear gear 8M and spring drum 8F (Fig. 8 .2) rotation clockwise, the outer ring of spring drum 8F towing involute formula damping spring 8E and overrunning clutch 8G turns clockwise; And this rotation sees it is reverse facing to the direction of arrow of 8G outer ring; 8G is equivalent to fixed cover, and the inner ring of 8G is still in interior axle, and its outer ring also just is still in interior axle; So spring 8E can screw rapidly, towing 8G, translation cover 8B and interior axle 8A together turn clockwise; When ★ destructive rotation occurs when certain reason, see it is forward, be equivalent to bearing,, spring 8E is protected so can not produce ejection force to spring 8E according to the direction of arrow of 8G.

Embodiment 9-B class buffering overrunning clutch; Its characteristic is: category-B overrunning clutch 9G is positioned spring drum 8F inwall; Two ends are clamped by front and rear cover, connect 9G inner ring and translation cover 8B transmitting torque with involute spring 8E, and its composition is seen accompanying drawing 8.1 and Fig. 8 .2.

The structure explanation is the same, only is that the overrunning clutch mounting point is different.Working principle is identical with category-A integral body, and two sections of having only ★ to guide are different.When ★ arrives when engagement signal; Shell gear 8N and nuclear gear 8M engagement, so power input wheel 8P just drives nuclear gear 8M and spring drum 8F (Fig. 9 .2) rotation clockwise, and this rotation sees it is reverse facing to the direction of arrow of 9G outer ring; 9G is equivalent to fixed cover; Be that the inner ring of 9G must be followed the outer ring and turned clockwise, so spring 8E can screw rapidly, towing translation cover 8B and interior axle 8A together turn clockwise; When ★ destructive rotation occurs when certain reason, see it is forward, be equivalent to bearing,, spring 8E is protected so can not produce ejection force to spring 8E according to the direction of arrow of 9G.

Embodiment A---be C class buffering overrunning clutch, its characteristic is: C class overrunning clutch AG has replaced rear end cover bearing 8h, and spring drum 8F and translation are overlapped to be connected by the involute spring and carried out transmission of torque.

Its composition is seen accompanying drawing 10.1 and Figure 10 .2.

Structure explanation is with embodiment 8, has only that " bearing 8h " changes " overrunning clutch AG " in a section of ★ guiding, also can be that 8d changes overrunning clutch AG into;

Working principle and category-A, category-B difference are bigger.

When ★ arrives when engagement signal; Shell gear 8N and nuclear gear 8M engagement; So the power input wheel 8P that turns clockwise just drives nuclear gear 8M and turns clockwise, overrunning clutch AG is in bearing state when having set this situation during installation, and interior axle 8A is static at this moment so spring drum 8F clockwise (Figure 10 .2) rotates; Spring drum 8F can screw, pull involute spring 8E rapidly, and towing translation cover 8B and interior axle 8A turn clockwise; When ★ destructive rotation trend occurs when certain reason, see it is reverse, be equivalent to fixed cover,, can not produce ejection force, spring 8E is protected spring 8E so translation cover 8B is static with respect to spring drum according to the direction of arrow of AG.

Embodiment 11---and the anti-controlled overrunning clutch of back skating (being called for short control leaves), its composition is seen accompanying drawing 11.

The structure explanation:

shell gear B N is fixed in gear box casing BU, and output shaft of gear-box BA passes from the BN center and is supported on gear box casing BU through bearing;

translation cover BB is connected with key BK with output shaft BA; So translation cover is with the output shaft rotation, simultaneously can translation on axle; shift fork dish BC is through the bearing supporting and be positioned translation cover BB;

nuclear gear B M is positioned translation cover BB through overrunning clutch BG; When the nuclear gear is still in gear box casing BU and output shaft when advancing rotation direction; Make that overrunning clutch is a bearing state; When the nuclear gear is still in gear box casing BU and output shaft when retreating rotation direction, make that overrunning clutch is the fixed cover state;

Working principle:

before nuclear gear B M and shell gear B N engagement, output shaft does not receive the influence of this device;

stirs shift fork BL and nuclear gear B M and shell gear B N are meshed and becomes and be still in gear box casing BU; Output shaft just changes when advancing; Because this moment, overrunning clutch was equivalent to bearing, so to the automobile did not influence that moves ahead; Output shaft has reversal trend when retreating, because this moment, overrunning clutch was equivalent to fixed cover, makes the translation cover static with respect to the nuclear gear, just makes output shaft also be still in the nuclear gear; In other words, making output shaft just to change can not reverse, and promptly automobile can only advance and can not retreat; Like this, thoroughly solved the difficult problem that to retreat when going up a slope; is when automobile need be moveed backward; Stir shift fork BL and make nuclear gear B M and shell gear B N withdraw from engagement, output shaft becomes positive and negative can the rotation again.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 .1---the three-dimensional cutaway view of piston type pressure-stored tank.

The main sectional view of Fig. 1 .2---piston type pressure-stored tank.End cap DG; Spout ZYK; Liquid port PYK; Nut LM; Flange plate FLP; Sealing gasket MFD; Screw rod LG; Hydraulic pressure cavity YYQ; Pressure liquid YLY; Seal ring MFQ; Piston HS; Cylinder barrel GT; Agent CYJ1 is pressed in the gaseous state storage; Chamber CYQ is pressed in storage; Agent CYJ2 is pressed in liquid storage; Chamber position switch WZC is pressed in storage; Storage presses agent to replenish a mouthful BCK; Hydraulic pressure cavity position switch WZY.

Fig. 2 .1---extruding rectangular seal ring type piston schematic representation.Pressure cover YG; Tie point LJD; Stretched spring TH; Rectangular seal ring MFH (rectangle that is seen as perpendicular to axial direction); Overcoat WT; Interior cover NT; Through hole TK; Setscrew nut DWM, positioning screw DWG, DWP positioning disk, bayonet lock KX.

Fig. 2 .2---extruding V-seal ring type piston schematic representation.V-type pressure cover VYG; V-seal ring VH; V-type overcoat VT;

The complete sectional view of jacket-type piston in Fig. 3 .1---the zigzag fashion.

The outer sectional view of jacket-type piston has been cut cylinder barrel GT and zigzag fashion elastic overcoat CWT open in Fig. 3 .2---the zigzag fashion, and cover CNT does not cut open in the zigzag fashion.Cylinder barrel GT; Overcoat pressure cake WYB; Spring TH; Zigzag fashion elastic overcoat CWT; Cover CNT in the zigzag fashion; Interior cover pressure cake NYB; Oil-containing seam HYF.

Fig. 4 .1---double-action double-piston rod-type oil hydraulic cylinder schematic representation.Piston HS; (piston rod has adopted the technique of painting that fractures, and representes so long incessantly);

YYQa-hydraulic pressure cavity a; HSGa-piston rod a; The sealed mouth of MFKa-piston rod a; The position switch WZa of hydraulic pressure cavity a; The spout of ZYKa-chamber a; The fluid-delivery valve of ZFa-chamber a; The fluid-delivery valve control gear of ZKa-chamber a; The liquid port of PYKa-chamber a; The liquid discharging valve of PFa-chamber a; The liquid discharging valve control gear of PKa-chamber a;

YYQb-hydraulic pressure cavity b; HSGb-piston rod b; The sealed mouth of MFKb-piston rod b; The position switch WZb of hydraulic pressure cavity b; The spout of ZYKb-chamber b; The fluid-delivery valve of ZFb-chamber b; The fluid-delivery valve control gear of ZKb-chamber b; The liquid port of PYKb-chamber b; The liquid discharging valve of PFb-chamber b; The liquid discharging valve control gear of PKb-chamber b;

Fig. 4 .2---double-action single-piston rod formula oil hydraulic cylinder schematic representation.Only HSGa and MFKa have been lacked than last figure.

Fig. 5 .1---the schematic representation after diaphragm type pressure-stored tank fluid injection storage is pressed.

Fig. 5 .2---agent work done schematic representation is pressed in the storage of diaphragm type pressure-stored tank.With different the having of Fig. 1 .2 label: diaphragm MP; First spherical cap QGKa; Second spherical cap QGKb; (first spherical cap QGKa and second spherical cap QGKb constitute spherical cylinder shell QGK); With identical the having of Fig. 1 .2 label: spout ZYK; Liquid port PYK; Nut LM; Flange plate FLP; Sealing gasket MFD; Screw rod LG; Hydraulic pressure cavity YYQ; Pressure liquid YLY; Seal ring MFQ; Agent CYJ1 is pressed in the gaseous state storage; Chamber CYQ is pressed in storage; Agent CYJ2 is pressed in liquid storage; Chamber position switch WZC is pressed in storage; Storage presses agent to replenish a mouthful BCK; Hydraulic pressure cavity position switch WZY.

Fig. 6---capsule formula pressure-stored tank schematic representation.Cylinder shell GK; Liquid-adsorption layer XYC; Air bag QN; Perforated baffle KDB;

Fig. 7---pressure-stored tank system schematic.Driving shaft ZDZ; Driven shaft CDZ; Gearing device NHQ; Gearing device control gear NHK; Fluid infusion liquid pump YB; Safety check ZHF; Pressure-stored tank CYG (part that frame of broken lines is lived); Fluid-delivery valve ZF (comprising ZF1, ZF2, ZFn); Fluid-delivery valve control gear ZK (comprising ZK1, ZK2, ZKn); Liquid discharging valve PY (comprising PY1, PY2, PYn); Liquid discharging valve control gear PK (comprising PK1, PK2, PKn); Oil hydraulic cylinder YG (comprising YG1, YG2, YGn); Fluid cylinder YT, negative liquid pump FYB; Pump FQB does something in a fit of pique.

Fig. 8 .1---category-A buffering overrunning clutch schematic representation.Axle in the 8A-; 8B-translation cover; 8C-shift fork dish; 8d-front cover bearing; The 8D-front cover; 8E-involute formula damping spring; The 8F-spring drum; 8G-A class overrunning clutch (circle is connected with translation cover key in the 8G, be positioned translation puts and pass through involute spring 8E is connected with spring drum 8F); 8h-rear end cover bearing; The 8H-rear end cover; 8M-nuclear gear (excircle has tooth, is enclosed within engagement in the shell gear); 8k-key (key or spline between interior axle and the translation cover); 8N-shell gear (inner circumference has tooth, will examine geared sleeve and inside mesh); The 8P-power input wheel (can be belt pulley or gear; What draw among the figure is belt pulley, and some partial cutaway have been drawn in its underpart); The 8Q-outer shaft; The outer axle bearing of 8q-; The 8S-shift fork; 8R-shift fork fulcrum; 8r-joint (joint of shift fork and push rod); 8t-push rod (among this figure is the piston rod of oil hydraulic cylinder); 8T-engagement driver (among this figure is oil hydraulic cylinder); 8U-gearing device seat;

Fig. 8 .2---the spring drum place sectional drawing of category-A buffering overrunning clutch.8Y-tie point (tie point of involute spring and torque transfer body, Fig. 8 .2, Fig. 9 .2 and Figure 10 .2 respectively have two); 8G, 8F, 8E, 8k, 8B, 8A are the same;

Fig. 9 .1---category-B buffering overrunning clutch schematic representation.8h-rear end cover bearing; 9G-B class overrunning clutch (the 9G cylindrical is connected with spring drum 8F inwall key, is nested in spring drum 8F inwall and passes through involute spring 8E to be connected with the translation cover); 9T-motor (being power input wheel); 9t-motor screw formula axle; 9V-internal thread bar; 9t+9V=push rod 8t;

Fig. 9 .2---the spring drum place sectional drawing of category-B buffering overrunning clutch.9G-B class overrunning clutch; 8F, 8E, 8B, 8A are the same.

Figure 10 .1---C class buffering overrunning clutch schematic representation.AG-C class overrunning clutch (replacing rear end cover bearing 8h with AG gets final product) is axially fixed at translation cover 8B and goes up and supporting rear end cover 8H and nuclear gear 8M.(with AG replace front cover bearing 8d also can).

Figure 10 .2---the sectional drawing (from the right side to the left) at the spring drum 8F place of C class buffering overrunning clutch, AG is positioned at the back of spring TH.

Figure 11---controlled overrunning clutch (being called for short control leaves) sectional drawing.The BA-output shaft of gear-box; The BB-control is from the translation cover; The BC-control is from the shift fork dish; The BG-control is from overrunning clutch; BM-control freestone gear; The BK-control is from key; BN-control shrinking away from theshell gear; The BU-gear box casing; The BR-control is from the shift fork fulcrum; The BL-control is from shift fork; Province's sketch map of other part of BE-gearbox.

Claims

1. press the hydraulic tank and the storage hydraulic fluid pressing system of agent storaging liquid pressure based on storage for one kind, it is characterized in that: its principle is to come stores hydraulic pressure with the mode that stores air pressure; Pressure-stored tank has a jar chamber that is formed by ladle bowl sealing, jar chamber by one can activity slider be separated into two subcavities, an injection pressure liquid and be called hydraulic pressure cavity, hydraulic pressure cavity has a liquid entering hole to be connected with the outside with a liquid outlet; Another subcavities has been injected storage and has been pressed agent and be called storage pressure chamber;

When injection pressure liquid; The pressure hydraulic coupling promotes slider compression storage and presses the chamber greater than saturation vapour pressure, and the gaseous state storage presses agent to be pressed into liquid state gradually;, storage just can not recompress when pressing agent to be compressed into liquid state all; At this moment, the pressure liquid in the hydraulic pressure cavity has all stored pressure, and the pressure size equals saturation vapour pressure;

When the outside work done of pressure liquid, the pressure of pressure liquid is that storage presses the saturation vapor pressure in the chamber to provide, and this is an accurate constant voltage that pressure is higher;

When not having injection pressure liquid, because the pressure effect of agent is pressed in storage, promote slider compression hydraulic pressure cavity to minimum value and enlarge storage to press the chamber to maximum value, it is a small amount of liquid to keep saturation vapor pressure that storage at this moment presses agent to also have;

With pipeline the pressure liquid in the pressure-stored tank is connected numerous oil hydraulic cylinders that plays the execution effect, each oil hydraulic cylinder is through fluid-delivery valve and liquid discharging valve control pressure liquid wherein, moves and the stretching of piston rod thereby control piston in the oil hydraulic cylinder.

2. a kind of hydraulic tank and storage hydraulic fluid pressing system according to claim 1 based on storage pressure agent storaging liquid pressure, its further characteristic is: adopt the piston type pressure-stored tank, end cap DG and cylinder barrel GT constitute a jar chamber; Piston HS is isolated into hydraulic pressure cavity YYQ and storage pressure chamber CYQ two subcavities with the jar chamber, and storage is pressed chamber CYQ storing storage and pressed agent CYJ, and its end has a benefit storage to press agent mouth BCK to replenish the agent of storage pressure; There are spout ZYK and liquid port PYK in hydraulic pressure cavity YYQ end, can inject or head pressure liquid YLY; When the pressure of fluid infusion liquid pump was pressed the saturation vapour pressure of agent greater than storage, pressure liquid YLY injected hydraulic pressure cavity YYQ and squeezes push piston HS and press chamber CYQ direction to move to storage, pressed agent CYJ1 to be compressed into liquid storage the gaseous state storage and pressed agent CYJ2, store up pressure; It is a position switch that threshold value is arranged that chamber position switch WZC is pressed in storage, and when piston arrives WZC, just representing to have stored up expires, and WZC sends full cabin signal; The fluid infusion liquid pump stops pump liquid, and when external work done, storage presses agent to promote piston squeeze pressure liquid; Pressure liquid is with the outside work done of the force value that equals saturation vapour pressure, and pressurised fluid stream goes out, because WZC has threshold value; Piston is pushed out a bit of distance back WZC and just sends benefit cabin signal, and the fluid infusion liquid pump recovers pump liquid; Represent that when piston arrives hydraulic pressure cavity position switch WZY pressure liquid arranged, WZY sends the alarm signal that lacks liquid.

3. a kind of hydraulic tank and storage hydraulic fluid pressing system of pressing agent storaging liquid pressure based on storage according to claim 1; Its further characteristic is: adopt extruding V-seal ring type piston; Tie point LJD with spring TH and up and down two V-type pressure cover VYG link into an integrated entity; Spring TH tension is two V-type pressure cover VYG extruding V-seal ring VH up and down, and V-seal ring VH can become seal ring towards radially extruding; When ring wear a bit after, can be squeezed out again have some additional; Get into this problem of cylinder barrel in order to solve piston; Adopted a pressure cover positioning work piece, be made up of setscrew nut DWM, positioning screw DWG, positioning disk DWP positioning disk and screw bayonet lock KX, setscrew nut DWM is fixed in the pressure cover that pastes mutually with it; A counterbore is arranged in the middle of the positioning disk DWP; Positioning screw DWG is inserted on the top this counterbore and for movingly, when positioning screw is gone by precession, can the distance between setscrew nut DWM and the positioning disk DWP be pushed up length, and the pressure relief lid is to the extruding of seal ring; After piston is inserted cylinder barrel, again positioning screw is screwed out, recover the extruding of pressure cover to seal ring; The degree of depth of positioning disk DWP counterbore can mobile distance greater than pressure cover, makes can rotate between positioning disk DWP and the positioning screw DWG and can not fall down, and can certainly cooperate draw-in groove to accomplish to make DWP this task that do not fall down with a bayonet lock KX.

4. a kind of hydraulic tank and storage hydraulic fluid pressing system of pressing agent storaging liquid pressure based on storage according to claim 1; Its further characteristic is: adopt jacket-type piston in the zigzag fashion, tie point LJD links into an integrated entity spring TH, overcoat pressure cake WYB and interior cover pressure cake NYB; Spring TH tension is two pressure cakes up and down, and cover CNT squeezes in zigzag fashion elastic overcoat CWT in the compressing zigzag fashion, and CWT is radially extruded, and presses inner wall of cylinder and seals, and being equivalent to whole piston is a seal ring, same, also adopts the pressure cover positioning work piece.

5. a kind of hydraulic tank and storage hydraulic fluid pressing system according to claim 1 based on storage pressure agent storaging liquid pressure, its further characteristic is: adopt the diaphragm type pressure-stored tank, constitute spherical cylinder shell QGK by first spherical cap QGKa and second spherical cap QGKb; The diaphragm MP that is pushed down by first spherical cap and second spherical cap is anti-around the good seal membrane of folding endurance; When pressure liquid injected, diaphragm can be extruded towards storage and press chamber CYQ direction motion, and the compression storage presses the gaseous state storage in chamber to press agent, is compressed into liquid state until big portion, and diaphragm is pressed onto storage and presses chamber position switch WZC, and WZC sends full cabin signal, and fluid infusion liquid pump YB stops pump liquid; When outside need pressure liquid, storage presses agent to promote diaphragm squeeze pressure liquid, and pressure liquid is with the outside work done of the force value that equals saturation vapour pressure; Because WZC has threshold value, diaphragm is pushed out a bit of distance back WZC and just sends benefit cabin signal, and the fluid infusion liquid pump recovers pump liquid; If pressure liquid has all been put, diaphragm has been pressed onto hydraulic pressure cavity position switch WZY, and WZY sends the alarm signal that lacks liquid.

6. a kind of hydraulic tank and storage hydraulic fluid pressing system of pressing agent storaging liquid pressure based on storage according to claim 1; Its further characteristic is: adopt engine-driven fluid infusion liquid pump; When sending the instruction that drives fluid infusion liquid pump YB, WZC gives gearing device control gear NHK; Gearing device NHQ engagement under the control of NHK will be that the transmission of power of the driving shaft ZDZ of power is given driven shaft CDZ with the motor, and CDZ drives fluid infusion liquid pump YB pressure-stored tank CYG is carried out fluid infusion; Storage is pressed chamber position switch WZC to send full cabin signal and is given gearing device control gear NHK after fluid infusion is accomplished, and gearing device NHQ withdraws from engagement under the control of NHK, and liquid pump YB runs out of steam and stops pump liquid, and at this moment, safety check ZHF prevents that pressure liquid from refluxing.

7. a kind of hydraulic tank and storage hydraulic fluid pressing system and described engine-driven fluid infusion liquid pump of claim 6 of pressing agent storaging liquid pressure based on storage according to claim 1; Its further characteristic is: being used to transmit motor to the gearing device structure of fluid infusion liquid pump driving force is: interior axle 8A through the bearing positioning support in gearing device seat 8U; Can rotate, can not translation; Outer shaft 8Q by axle bearing 8q positioning support outside two ends in interior axle 8A, can not translation so outer shaft 8Q can only rotate; Power input wheel 8P and shell gear 8N and outer shaft 8Q are fixed as one, so 8P and 8N can be with outer shaft rotations and can not translation; In translation cover 8B is enclosed within through key 8k on the axle 8A, axle 8A rotation and can translation on 8A in following; Shift fork dish 8C overlaps 8B through the bearing positioning support in translation, can not translation with respect to translation cover 8B and can rotate, so, when shift fork 8S stirs shift fork dish 8C translation, stir translation cover 8B translation exactly; The shell gear is an internal tooth, and the nuclear gear is an external tooth, and both are meshing relation;

Category-A buffering overrunning clutch, its overrunning clutch 8G are positioned the translation cover and are in the centre of front and rear cover, carry out transmission of torque with involute spring 8E connection 8G outer ring and spring drum 8F; Spring drum 8F and front and rear cover 8D, 8H are supported on the translation cover 8B nuclear gear 8M and rear end cover 8H secure bond by bearing 8d, 8h; Category-A buffering gearing device working principle: supposition power input wheel 8P turns clockwise; When not having engagement signal, shell gear 8N and nuclear gear 8M separate, so the rotation of power input wheel 8P can not drive interior axle 8A rotation; When engagement signal arrives, oil hydraulic cylinder 8T injection pressure liquid, 8t ejects with push rod; Promote shift fork 8S, shift fork dish 8C is dialled to the engagement direction, shell gear 8N and nuclear gear 8M engagement; So gear 8M is examined in the just drive that turns clockwise of power input wheel 8P and spring drum 8F turns clockwise; Fixed cover 8B is static because spring drum 8F rotates, so spring 8E can screw rapidly, towing fixed cover, translation cover 8B and interior axle 8A together turn clockwise; When destructive rotation appears in certain reason, see it is forward according to the structure of 8G, be equivalent to bearing, so can not produce ejection force, spring 8E is protected to spring 8E;

After changing overrunning clutch 8G into fixed cover, category-A buffering overrunning clutch has become the buffering gearing device, is adapted to driven shaft and is entirely passive structure;

Category-B buffering overrunning clutch, its overrunning clutch 9G is positioned spring drum 8F inwall, and two ends are clamped by front and rear cover, connect 9G inner ring and translation cover 8B transmitting torque with involute spring 8E; Working principle: when engagement signal arrives; Shell gear 8N and nuclear gear 8M engagement turn clockwise so power input wheel 8P just drives nuclear gear 8M and spring drum 8F, and this rotation see it is reverse facing to the direction of arrow of 9G outer ring; 9G is equivalent to fixed cover; Be that the inner ring of 9G must be followed the outer ring and turned clockwise, so spring 8E can screw rapidly, towing translation cover 8B and interior axle 8A together turn clockwise; When destructive rotation appears in certain reason, see it is forward according to the direction of arrow of 9G, be equivalent to bearing, so can not produce ejection force, spring 8E is protected to spring 8E;

C class buffering overrunning clutch, its overrunning clutch AG has replaced rear end cover bearing 8h, and spring drum 8F and translation are overlapped to be connected by the involute spring and are carried out transmission of torque; When engagement signal arrives; Shell gear 8N and nuclear gear 8M engagement; So the power input wheel 8P that turns clockwise just drives nuclear gear 8M and turns clockwise, overrunning clutch AG is in bearing state when having set this situation during installation, is static at this moment so interior axle 8A is transferred in spring drum 8F dextrorotation; Spring drum 8F can screw, pull involute spring 8E rapidly, and towing translation cover 8B and interior axle 8A turn clockwise; When destructive rotation trend appears in certain reason, see it is reverse according to the direction of arrow of AG, be equivalent to fixed cover, so translation cover 8B is static with respect to spring drum, can not produce ejection force to spring 8E, spring 8E is protected.

8. a kind of hydraulic tank and storage hydraulic fluid pressing system of pressing agent storaging liquid pressure based on storage according to claim 1 and claim 7 be described to be used to transmit the gearing device of motor to fluid infusion liquid pump driving force, and its further characteristic is: change to become after the structure and prevent the controlled overrunning clutch of back skating; Its structure is: shell gear B N is fixed in gear box casing BU, and output shaft of gear-box BA passes from the BN center and is supported on gear box casing BU through bearing; Translation cover BB is connected with key BK with output shaft BA, rotates so translation is overlapped with output shaft, and the while can translation on axle; Shift fork dish BC is through the bearing supporting and be positioned translation cover BB; Nuclear gear B M is positioned translation cover BB through overrunning clutch BG; When the nuclear gear is still in gear box casing BU and output shaft when advancing rotation direction; Make that overrunning clutch is a bearing state; When the nuclear gear is still in gear box casing BU and output shaft when retreating rotation direction, make that overrunning clutch is the fixed cover state;

Working principle: before nuclear gear B M and shell gear B N engagement, output shaft does not receive the influence of this device; Stir shift fork BL and make nuclear gear B M and shell gear B N engagement and become and be still in gear box casing BU, output shaft is just changeing when advancing, because overrunning clutch is equivalent to bearing at this moment, so to the automobile did not influence that moves ahead; Output shaft has reversal trend when retreating, because this moment, overrunning clutch was equivalent to fixed cover, makes the translation cover static with respect to the nuclear gear, just makes output shaft also be still in the nuclear gear; In other words, making output shaft just to change can not reverse, and promptly automobile can only advance and can not retreat; Like this, thoroughly solved the difficult problem that to retreat when going up a slope; When automobile need be moveed backward, to stir shift fork BL and make nuclear gear B M and shell gear B N withdraw from engagement, output shaft becomes positive and negative can the rotation again.

9. a kind of hydraulic tank and storage hydraulic fluid pressing system of pressing agent storaging liquid pressure based on storage according to claim 1; Its further characteristic is: the characteristic of agent is pressed in storage; Storage presses agent to be similar to refrigeration agent, and the Main physical performance that outstanding storage presses agent to possess is: in operating temperature range, have satisfy saturation vapor pressure that working pressure requires and when temperature variation the saturation vapor pressure excursion little.

10. a kind of hydraulic tank and storage hydraulic fluid pressing system of pressing agent storaging liquid pressure based on storage according to claim 1; Its further characteristic is: adopt the storage of capsule formula pressure-stored tank to press; There is a built-in storage to press flexible air-bag QN among the ladle bowl GK of bag pressure jar; Inject storage among the air bag QN and press agent CYJ,, pressure liquid is all filled with in the place except that air bag in the bag pressure jar when fluid infusion liquid pump YB flattens air bag during to the bag pressure filling liquid; When the outside work done of pressure liquid, the pressure of pressure liquid is that the saturation vapor pressure in the air bag provides; It is spongy hard layer that ladle bowl GK inwall has a liquid-adsorption layer XYC, and its effect is to swell when being attached to the ladle bowl inwall when air bag, can exert pressure to air bag is comprehensive by guide pressure liquid; Perforated baffle KDB avoids air bag to stop up liquid entering hole and liquid outlet.