CN102839260A - Elongated tube inner wall laser surface phase change hardening method - Google Patents

Elongated tube inner wall laser surface phase change hardening method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102839260A
CN102839260A CN2011101709420A CN201110170942A CN102839260A CN 102839260 A CN102839260 A CN 102839260A CN 2011101709420 A CN2011101709420 A CN 2011101709420A CN 201110170942 A CN201110170942 A CN 201110170942A CN 102839260 A CN102839260 A CN 102839260A
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China
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laser
wall
rectangular tube
tube inner
slender rectangular
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CN2011101709420A
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Inventor
王勇
韩彬
赵卫民
韩涛
孙建波
董立先
薛敏鹏
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China National Petroleum Corp
China University of Petroleum East China
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China National Petroleum Corp
China University of Petroleum East China
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Abstract

The present invention provides an elongated tube inner wall laser surface phase change hardening method, and belongs to the field of metal rod tube processing. According to the method, an inner wall of an elongated tube is subjected to oil removing, rust removing and other conventional treatments, then a self-designed inner wall spraying device (figure 1) is adopted to spray a self-made light absorption coating, and a high power laser and a laser light guide system (figure 3) are adopted to carry out a laser surface phase change hardening treatment on the inner wall of the tube, wherein the self-made light absorption coating comprises: 85-100% of SiO2, 0-7.5% of Y2O3, and 0-7.5% of bentonite, and ball milling is performed for 1-3 hours before use. According to the present invention, a laser power adopted by laser phase change hardening is 1000-3000 W, a line scanning speed is 1000-3500 mm/min, and rotation of the tube and horizontal feeding of the laser light guide system are adjusted to obtain laser phase change hardening strengthening belts with different shapes; a depth of a laser phase change hardening layer is 0.3-1.0 mm, a surface hardness of the inner wall of the tube is 40-55 HRC, the surface is smooth and does not have cracks, the microstructure is ultrafine, wear resistance and corrosion resistance are significantly improved, a service life of the tube is substantially prolonged, and an application range of the tube is broadened.

Description

A kind of slender rectangular tube inner wall laser surface transformation hardening method
Technical field
The invention belongs to the manufacture field of metal rod tube, relate to a kind of slender rectangular tube inner wall laser surface transformation hardening method, can be used for improving the wear resistance and the solidity to corrosion of slender rectangular tube, prolong the work-ing life of pipe fitting, widen its Application Areas.
Background technology
Slender rectangular tube is a large amount of parts that use of petroleum and petrochemical industry and other industrial or agricultural department.Oil well pump pump barrel length is generally 3-9m, and diameter is generally less than 90mm, belongs to slender rectangular tube.Oil pipe and sleeve pipe are lowered to the tubing string steel pipe in the oil well casing when being oil-gas field development, be crude oil from underground passage and the support that is transported to ground, also all belong to the category of slender rectangular tube.They all adopt in oil-gas field development in a large number.
At present, China's oil, gas field development major part have got into middle and high Water-cut Period, are rich in corrosive mediums such as H2S, CO2, O2, C1-in the well liquid.The well depth effect on structure causes various pipe fittings crooked simultaneously; Tubing string receives the influence of repeated load also can produce flexural deformation at work; Thereby cause the mutual eccentric wear between sucker rod, oil pipe and the sleeve pipe three, the interaction of corrosion and wearing and tearing causes that oil pipe and cased perforated lost efficacy.Oil well pump pump barrel and plunger are a pair of heavily loaded friction pairs, and in strong corrosive medium, pump barrel also is faced with serious in corrosion and wear out failure.These have all increased the oil-field development cost greatly.
Corrosive medium is generally in the slender rectangular tube internal flow, and friction pair moves each other and also carries out at inwall, therefore is necessary various slender rectangular tube inwalls are strengthened.Yet owing to receive the restriction of shape and size, the inner-wall reinforced method that can adopt at present is less, mainly contains two big types of surperficial coating and thermo-chemical treatments.The surface coating mainly contains modes such as chemical Ni-P plating, plating Cr, plating W; Thermo-chemical treatment mainly comprises carburizing, nitriding; In addition, the surfacecti proteon mode of pipe fitting inner wall also has wear-and corrosion-resistant materials such as liner high density polyethylene(HDPE) (HDPE), glass reinforced plastic, stainless steel etc.
Electroless Ni-P Plating has good solidity to corrosion, weldableness and friction reducing effect; Do not receive the restriction of plating piece size; But coating is thin, with basal body binding force is weak, hardness is low, wear resistance is relatively poor and quality of coating is unstable; Chemical plating bath has contaminative in addition, and is very big to environmental hazard, and this has seriously limited this The Application of Technology and popularization.Plating Cr layer has light, hard (hardness is 800~1000HV0.2), anti-discolouring, characteristics such as heat-resisting, wear-resisting, but plating Cr process can produce the chromium mist, can cause very big harm to workman and environment.Cr compares with plating, and electroplating W has tangible environmental protection and power savings advantages.The two has all obtained application to a certain degree aspect surface treatment, but since coating and matrix be combined into mechanical bond, bonding force a little less than; Coating is prone to come off; Especially in the heavily stressed corrosive environment of abrasive wear, can become source of corrosion after coating comes off, thereby quicken the corrosion of matrix.
Carburizing can guarantee hardness and the wear resistance that material is good, but solidity to corrosion is relatively poor, and carburizing temperature is high, the time is long, and workpiece deformation is serious; Compare with carburization process, nitriding temperature is lower, thereby workpiece distortion is little; But nitriding time is long, and nitrided case is very crisp, in addition; Because centre hardness is lower; Infiltration layer is also more shallow, can only satisfy and bear wear-resisting, antifatigue requirement slight, medium load, or component necessarily heat-resisting, corrosion-resistant requirement are arranged.
Carbon zirconium compound resin coating is that resin compounded such as the nonmetal and superhard metallic substance with self-lubricating property and epoxy, nylon are formed.Carbon zirconium compound resin coating is coated in the pipe fitting internal surface through the heat fusing mode under certain condition, behind hot setting, forms the internally coated technology of carbon zirconium compound resin.The supercoat that solidifies the back generation is cross-linked network, and certain hole is arranged on microcosmic, has microcosmic elasticity, can alleviate the wearing and tearing that certain positive pressure produces, and have superpower wear-resistant and good anticorrosion dual performance, but cost is higher.
Liner HDPE is at the extraordinary polyethylene tube of steel plain tubing liner one deck, adopts special technology that bushing pipe and oil pipe are sticked together, and forms " tube-in-tube " structure.This liner oil pipe not only can solve an oil pipe eccentric wear and a corrosion difficult problem, because the polyethylene tube frictional coefficient is lower, also can reduce oil well polished rod load, sucker rod string bottom stress simultaneously.Because the polythene material poor heat resistance, they can not be used for high-pressure gas well and temperature surpasses 210 ℃ underground working.Lining dwindles the internal diameter of oil pipe slightly, and the corrosive fluid infiltration from the end easily, causes the corrosion of pipe fitting and peeling off of lining.In addition, sharp edges on pump, sucker rod, the sucker-rod coupling and serious pit also possibly damaged lining.For avoiding that lining is caused physical abuse, should carry out Qc to all underground components in the well site.
The composite bimetal pipe bushing pipe adopts thin-walled corrosion resistant alloy material tubing.Can be according to the difference of corrosive environment, select corresponding bushing pipe (common/the special stainless steel pipe, titanium/aluminium etc.) material for use, guarantee excellent corrosion resisting performance; Parent tube adopts carbon steel (seamless or weldsteel) pipe or other alloy steel pipes, guarantees excellent mechanical mechanics property.Composite bimetal pipe can guarantee excellent comprehensive performances, but costs an arm and a leg.
Above-mentioned various surface intensified technique all has the application of success in many component courses of processing, but because its inherent shortcoming has limited its application aspect the reinforcement of slender rectangular tube inner wall surface.
The laser transformation hardening technology is the laser beam rapid heating steel material surface that utilizes after focusing on, and it is undergone phase transition, and forms the process of martensite quench-hardened case.Behind the laser transformation hardening, martensite and substructure crystal grain are all by super-refinement, and residual austenite is also by remarkable reinforcement.This method is mainly used in the surface of strengthening part; When improving metal material surface characteristics, make part heart portion still keep toughness preferably; Make part have wear resistance and solidity to corrosion is good, impelling strength is high, fatigue strength is high characteristics, and the transformation hardening layer thickness is thick, is metallurgical binding with matrix; Bonding strength is high, and workpiece deformation is little.
Deficiency to above-mentioned various slender rectangular tube inner wall surface reinforcing process; The present invention adopts spraying equipment, laser light-conducting system and high power laser in the extinction coating on the basis of common slender rectangular tube, pipe fitting inner wall is carried out laser phase-transformation hardening handle; Obtain the laser transformation hardening layer; Improve the wear and corrosion behavior of pipe fitting greatly, prolonged the work-ing life of pipe fitting, widened the device Application Areas.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of slender rectangular tube inner wall laser surface transformation hardening novel method,, improve the wear resistance and the solidity to corrosion of pipe fitting inner wall, prolong the work-ing life of pipe fitting, widen its Application Areas to improve the microstructure morphology of tube material.
The present invention seeks to realize through following technical proposals:
After the conventional manufacturing procedure of slender rectangular tube; Pipe fitting inner wall is carried out oil removing, processing of rust removing; Adopt the inner-wall spraying equipment spraying self-control extinction coating of design voluntarily; Utilize high power laser and laser light-conducting system that pipe fitting inner wall is carried out laser phase-transformation hardening at last and handle, obtain the good laser transformation hardening layer of wear and corrosion behavior.
A kind of method of removing the pipe fitting inner wall dirt is that the nozzle alignment mouth of pipe with shotblasting machine carries out shot peening, and the oil on the pipe fitting inner wall, rust can reach and remove the smeary purpose in company with shot-peening together from the ejection of the pipe fitting the other end, make pipe fitting inner wall be compressive stress state simultaneously.In addition, the method for removing pipe fitting inner wall dirt also can be sandblast, pickling etc.
Interior spraying equipment (see figure 1) makes the extinction coating atomization through glass high speed rotating that revolves of guide rod end, and motion backward sprays pipe fitting inner wall under the dragging of rear portion rotating machine.Sprayed coating is necessary even, fine and close, smooth and thickness is suitable, and design sketch in kind is seen Fig. 2.
Homemade extinction coating consists of: SiO2 content 85%-100%, and Y203 content 0-7.5%, bentonite content 0-7.5%, sticker uses the saturated spirituous solution of flake lac, and thinner is a solvent or diluent, uses preceding ball milling 1-3 hour.Interior spraying equipment working parameter is air operated machine WP 0.5-0.9MPa, rotating speed 10000-18000r/min, feeding speed 150-250mL/min, guide rod translational speed 30-60m/min.
Slender rectangular tube inner wall laser surface transformation hardening is to realize through the axial rotation of pipe fitting and the cross feed of laser light-conducting system (see figure 3).Pictorial diagram behind the slender rectangular tube transformation hardening is seen Fig. 4.High power laser can adopt circular light spot or rectangular light spot, and power is 1000-2000W, and sweep velocity is 1500-3500mm/min.The principle of work of laser light-conducting system is: can be in the slender rectangular tube internal focus through a leaded light bar by laser, thus realize processing to oil pipe inside.
It can be the spiral grid of the spiral of different spacing, different sizing grids or the straight burr of different spacing that the laser transformation hardening of pipe fitting inner wall is strengthened band.
The spiral of different spacing is realized through following mode: pipe fitting axially rotates with certain speed, and the cross feed of laser light-conducting system obtains spiral and strengthens band.Change the cross feed speed of pipe fitting speed of rotation and laser light-conducting system, the spiral that can obtain different spacing is strengthened band.
The spiral grid of different sizing grids is realized through following mode: after accomplishing the processing of unidirectional spiral reinforcement band, pipe fitting rotates with identical velocity reversal, and the cross feed of laser light-conducting system obtains the spiral grid and strengthens band.Change the cross feed speed of pipe fitting speed of rotation and laser light-conducting system, the spiral grid that can obtain different spacing is strengthened band.
The straight burr of different spacing is strengthened band and is realized through following mode: keep pipe fitting to fix earlier; A laser scanning is accomplished in the cross feed of laser light-conducting system; After pipe fitting rotates to an angle, carry out a laser scanning again, repeat above process; Until the processing of accomplishing whole pipe fitting, obtain straight burr and strengthen band.Change the angle of the each rotation of pipe fitting, the spiral that can obtain different spacing is strengthened band.
After laser treatment, laser transformation hardening layer (seeing Fig. 5 and Fig. 6) degree of depth is 0.3-1.0mm, divides three districts: complete quench zone, zone of transition and matrix.Fully quench zone is organized as lath martensite and small portion of residual austenite, because to lack speed of cooling heat-up time fast, organize crystal grain tiny, and there is a large amount of entanglement dislocations in crystal grain inside simultaneously; Zone of transition is because heat-up time is short, and thermograde is little, and perlite and ferritic are incomplete to austenitic transformation, and cooling forms the mixed structure of martensite, ferritic and troostite; Matrix still is original perlite and ferritic structure.
Behind the laser transformation hardening, the pipe fitting inner wall surface hardness reaches 40-55HRC, pipe fitting inner wall any surface finish flawless, and wear resistance and solidity to corrosion obviously improve.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: inner-wall spraying system schematic
Fig. 2: pictorial diagram behind the slender rectangular tube inner-wall spraying extinction coating
Fig. 3: laser light-conducting system synoptic diagram
Fig. 4: slender rectangular tube inner wall laser transformation hardening is handled pictorial diagram
Fig. 5: laser transformation hardening layer synoptic diagram
Fig. 6: microstructure behind the slender rectangular tube laser transformation hardening
Embodiment
Embodiments of the invention are intended to explain the present invention rather than application of the present invention are further limited.
Embodiment 1:
The tube inner wall laser transformation hardening, material: N80, inner diameter d=70mm, length 1=8m
(1) tube inner wall shot-peening
The nozzle alignment oil pipe mouth of pipe of inner-walls of duct shotblasting machine is carried out shot peening, and the oil in the oil pipe, rust can together spray from the oil pipe the other end in company with shot-peening.
(2) configuration of extinction coating
Main raw material is SiO2, wilkinite, Y203, solvent or diluent, flake lac and spirituous solution.
Process for preparation:
SiO2 content is 90%, and bentonite content is 5%, and Y203 content is 5%.
SiO2, wilkinite and Y203 are mixed according to the above ratio, use the QM-3SP2 planetary ball mill with its milling mixing, the parameter of ball milling is: ball-to-powder weight ratio 15: 1, selected rotating speed 300r/min, ball milling time 2.5h.
Preparation flake lac saturated spirituous solution (sticker) mixes the coating for preparing and a certain proportion of solvent or diluent (thinner) and the saturated spirituous solution (sticker) of flake lac, obtains the extinction coating of excellent property.
(3) tube inner wall spraying extinction coating
Interior spraying equipment makes coating atomization through glass high speed rotating that revolves of guide rod end, and motion backward sprays inwall under the dragging of rear portion rotating machine.The extinction dope layer is even, fine and close, smooth, and thickness is 0.2-0.5mm.
(4) debugging of light-conducting system
The debugging of light-conducting system mainly contains two aspects: the leaded light bar is parallel with lathe base, leaded light bar light path inner with it with one heart.
(5) tube inner wall laser transformation hardening
The CO2 laser apparatus adopts circular light spot, and spot size is Φ 3mm, and defocusing amount is 120mm, and power is 1200W.
The tube inner wall laser phase-transformation hardening is that the cross feed through the rotation of oil pipe and laser light-conducting system realizes; Light-conducting system is 80-120mm/min in axial horizontal translational speed; The velocity of rotation of oil pipe around the axle center is 4-6r/s, and the pitch that the gained spiral is strengthened band is 5-8mm;
After laser treatment, the tube inner wall surface hardness reaches 45-53HRC, and the processing layer degree of depth is 0.4-0.7mm.Tube inner wall any surface finish flawless, and structure refinement, wear resistance and solidity to corrosion obviously improve.
Embodiment 2:
Oil well pump pump barrel inner wall laser transformation hardening, material: 35CrMoA, inner diameter d=60mm, length 1=3m.
(1) pump barrel inwall sandblast
The pump barrel inwall is carried out sandblasting, reach the purpose of oil removing, rust cleaning.
(2) configuration of extinction coating
Main raw material is SiO2, wilkinite, Y203, solvent or diluent, flake lac and spirituous solution.
Process for preparation:
SiO2 content is 85%, and bentonite content is 7.5%, and Y203 content is 7.5%.
SiO2, wilkinite and Y203 are mixed according to the above ratio, use the QM-3SP2 planetary ball mill with its milling mixing, the parameter of ball milling is: ball-to-powder weight ratio 20: 1, selected rotating speed 250r/min, ball milling time 2h.
Preparation flake lac saturated spirituous solution (sticker) mixes the coating for preparing and a certain proportion of solvent or diluent (thinner) and the saturated spirituous solution (sticker) of flake lac, obtains the extinction coating of excellent property.
(3) tube inner wall spraying extinction coating
Interior spraying equipment makes coating atomization through glass high speed rotating that revolves of guide rod end, and motion backward sprays inwall under the dragging of rear portion rotating machine.The extinction dope layer is even, fine and close, smooth, and thickness is 0.3-0.8mm.
(4) light-conducting system debugging
With embodiment 1 step (4).
(5) pump barrel inner wall laser transformation hardening
The CO2 laser apparatus adopts circular light spot, and spot size is Φ 5mm, and defocusing amount is 145mm, and power is 1800W.
Light-conducting system is 100-140mm/min in axial horizontal translational speed, and the velocity of rotation of pump barrel around the axle center is 5-8r/s, and the pitch that the gained spiral is strengthened band is 6-9mm;
After laser treatment, pump barrel inner wall surface hardness reaches 45-55HRC, and the processing layer degree of depth is 0.6-1.0mm, the pump barrel high comprehensive performance.

Claims (9)

1. slender rectangular tube inner wall laser surface transformation hardening method; It is characterized in that: after the slender rectangular tube inwall is carried out oil removing, processing of rust removing; Adopt the inner-wall spraying equipment spraying self-control extinction coating of design voluntarily, utilize high power laser and laser light-conducting system that pipe fitting inner wall is carried out laser phase-transformation hardening at last and handle.
2. a kind of slender rectangular tube inner wall laser according to claim 1 surface transformation hardening method; It is characterized in that: spraying equipment makes the extinction coating atomization through glass high speed rotating that revolves of guide rod end in the extinction coating; Motion backward sprays inwall under the dragging of rear portion rotating machine.
3. a kind of slender rectangular tube inner wall laser according to claim 2 surface transformation hardening method; It is characterized in that: interior spraying equipment working parameter is air operated machine WP 0.4-0.9MPa; Rotating speed is 10000-18000r/min; Feeding speed 150-250mL/min, guide rod translational speed 30-60m/min.
4. a kind of slender rectangular tube inner wall laser according to claim 1 and 2 surface transformation hardening method, it is characterized in that: homemade extinction coating consists of SiO 2Content 85%-100%, L 2O 3Content 0-7.5%, bentonite content 0-7.5%, sticker uses the saturated spirituous solution of flake lac, and thinner is a solvent or diluent, uses preceding ball milling 1-3 hour.
5. a kind of slender rectangular tube inner wall laser according to claim 1 and 2 surface transformation hardening method, it is characterized in that: the extinction coating that is sprayed at pipe fitting inner wall should guarantee evenly, densification, smooth, and thickness is 0.03-0.12mm.
6. a kind of slender rectangular tube inner wall laser according to claim 1 surface transformation hardening method, it is characterized in that: used laser apparatus can adopt circular light spot, and power is 1000-2000W, and line sweep speed is 1000-3500mm/min.
7. according to claim 1 or 6 described a kind of slender rectangular tube inner wall laser surface transformation hardening methods, it is characterized in that: slender rectangular tube inner wall laser surface transformation hardening is to realize through the rotation of slender rectangular tube and the cross feed of light-conducting system.
8. a kind of slender rectangular tube inner wall laser according to claim 7 surface transformation hardening method; It is characterized in that: through the rotation of adjustment pipe fitting and the cross feed speed of laser light-conducting system, the spiral that can obtain different spacing is strengthened the spiral grid reinforcement band of band or different sizing grids.
9. a kind of slender rectangular tube inner wall laser according to claim 7 surface transformation hardening method; It is characterized in that: keep pipe fitting to fix earlier, a laser scanning is accomplished in the cross feed of laser light-conducting system, after pipe fitting rotates to an angle; Carry out a laser scanning again; Repeat above process,, obtain straight burr and strengthen band until the processing of accomplishing whole pipe fitting.Change the angle of the each rotation of pipe fitting, the spiral that can obtain different spacing is strengthened band.
CN2011101709420A 2011-06-23 2011-06-23 Elongated tube inner wall laser surface phase change hardening method Pending CN102839260A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103132924A (en) * 2013-01-30 2013-06-05 陈伟琛 Petroleum drilling tool for surface hardening
CN110079646A (en) * 2019-06-18 2019-08-02 燕山大学 A kind of preparation method for strengthening coal chute material, the intensifying method of coal chute material and reinforcing coal chute
CN110741100A (en) * 2017-06-01 2020-01-31 安德里茨股份公司 Surface treatment method of steel Yangke cylinder
CN115627437A (en) * 2022-11-02 2023-01-20 中国石油大学(华东) Device for preparing metal coating on inner surface of small-diameter pipeline

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103132924A (en) * 2013-01-30 2013-06-05 陈伟琛 Petroleum drilling tool for surface hardening
CN110741100A (en) * 2017-06-01 2020-01-31 安德里茨股份公司 Surface treatment method of steel Yangke cylinder
CN110741100B (en) * 2017-06-01 2022-03-25 安德里茨股份公司 Surface treatment method of steel Yangke cylinder
CN110079646A (en) * 2019-06-18 2019-08-02 燕山大学 A kind of preparation method for strengthening coal chute material, the intensifying method of coal chute material and reinforcing coal chute
CN115627437A (en) * 2022-11-02 2023-01-20 中国石油大学(华东) Device for preparing metal coating on inner surface of small-diameter pipeline
CN115627437B (en) * 2022-11-02 2024-05-24 中国石油大学(华东) Device for preparing metal coating on inner surface of small-diameter pipeline

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Application publication date: 20121226