CN102839116A - System and method for producing methane through fermenting of mixed raw material - Google Patents
System and method for producing methane through fermenting of mixed raw material Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a system and a method for producing methane through fermenting of mixed raw materials. The invention solves shortcomings that the carbon-enriched biomass raw materials and nitrogen-enriched biomass raw materials in a production system for producing the methane through the fermenting of the mixed raw materials cannot be fully mixed. The system producing the methane through the fermenting of the mixed raw materials comprises a raw material tank, a mixing tank, an anaerobic fermenting cylinder, a depositing tank which are connected in sequence through pipelines, wherein the raw material tank is divided into carbon-enriched and nitrogen-enriched biomass raw material tanks which are independently connected in parallel; cycling shall breaking devices are distributed in the anaerobic fermenting cylinder; a carbon-enriched biomass raw material shell layer on fermenting liquid can be broken and fully mixed with the nitrogen-enriched biomass raw materials through stable convection under a negative pressure. The invention also provides a method for producing the methane through the the fermenting of the mixed raw materials. The system is simple in structural design and low in construction cost; fermenting efficiency is greatly improved, gas output is increased, and water for production can be saved, and times for manually discharging slag are reduced. With adoption of the system and the method, demands on concentrated use in rural families can be met.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of biogas production system and method, particularly relate to a kind of system and method that adopts mixing raw material to produce biogas, belong to the methane production field of anaerobically fermenting.
Background technology
Energy dilemma and environmental pollution are the two overall situation problems that the current whole world is faced simultaneously, and waste minimizing, harmless treatment and then recycling have been become countries in the world government and scientist's common concern and the technical problem that needs to be resolved hurrily.At present, the widespread pollution from the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides in rural area that the pollution of rural area livestock and poultry cultivation, agricultural crop straw burning etc. are caused by agricultural wastes has become one of most important source of China's rural environmental pollution, is one of technical problem of facing of China's rural ecological environmental improvement construction.The construction of production and use of marsh gas project, the production of biogas and comprehensive utilization are to solve the important technology of realizing countryside wastes harmless treatment and recycling.Along with production and use of marsh gas production and the expansion that utilizes scale; Going deep into of biogas production application foundation scientific research; It is found that single rich carbon biological raw material or single rich nitrogen biological raw material as the biogas production raw material all have nutrient imbalance, drawbacks such as factor of created gase is lower, degraded is slow, fluctuation of service, the seasonal shortage of raw material, influence the enthusiasm of user's construction and use biogas.
Prior art " gas production rate of excrement of animals and straw hybrid anaerobic fermentation, fermentation time and Optimal Temperature " (" Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology " 2008,19 (8): 1817-182) disclose a kind of method that adopts excrement of animals and straw hybrid anaerobic fermentation to produce biogas.But this method (comprising similar method with the mixing raw material fermentation and biogas production) only limits to use under the laboratory condition; The biogas production setting of using only limits to various test equipments; The experiment condition simple controllable can't be successfully applied to actual production practice and obtain the ideal effect.For example, adopted ight soil and straw mixed fermentation, when fermentation, be prone to the incrustive shortcoming of buoyant, improved ferment effect just can solve stalk as long as this method is thought.But in fact, such technique effect only limits under the ideal operation condition in the laboratory environment.Biogas production in reality is on-the-spot, and natural layering can appear in the mixed fermentation material in the fermentor tank, and straw is suspended in fermented liquid top and forms abundant crust layer, can't realize hybrid anaerobic fermentation with the ight soil uniform mixing, and ferment effect is had a strong impact on.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is exactly the deficiency to prior art, and a kind of system of mixing raw material fermentation and biogas production is provided, and this system is applicable to rich carbon biological raw material mixed with rich nitrogen biological raw material detests the nitrogen fermentation and biogas production.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, technical scheme of the present invention is following:
A kind of system of mixing raw material fermentation and biogas production comprises the feed reservoir, mixing pit, anaerobic fermentation tank, the settling tank that are connected successively by pipeline; Install in the feed reservoir and send water/materials device, whipping appts is installed in the mixing pit and is sent water/materials device; It is characterized in that: said feed reservoir comprises rich carbon biological raw material pond and the rich nitrogen biological raw material pond that is connected with mixing pit respectively; Install in the said settling tank and send water/materials device, and be connected to rich carbon biological raw material pond and rich nitrogen biological raw material pond respectively through pipeline.
Above-mentioned biogas production system is applicable to the method that biogas is produced in rich carbon biological raw material and rich nitrogen biological raw material mixed fermentation.Because the treatment process in advance of two types of biological raw materials is different, so system is divided into rich carbon biological raw material pond and rich nitrogen biological raw material pond to satisfy the needs that biological raw material is handled in advance with feed reservoir.System installs in settling tank and send water/materials device, will be delivered to respectively through sealing-duct through the supernatant of sedimentary biogas residue and biogas liquid to use when rich carbon biological raw material pond and rich nitrogen biological raw material pond are used for biological raw material and handle in advance.This biogas production system can solve tripartite surface technology problem in the biogas production process: one, with the biological raw material pond separately, help under the righttest environment separately, accomplishing the pre-treatment in advance of different biological raw materials; Two, the supernatant with biogas residue and biogas liquid is delivered to the biological raw material pond, helps practicing thrift water of productive use; Three, the supernatant of biogas residue and biogas liquid contains abundant mikrobe and mineral element; Can good quality strain and the required mineral element of microorganism growth metabolism be provided for rich carbon biological raw material or the pre-treatment of rich nitrogen biological raw material, can shorten raw material pretreated cycle in advance thus.
The key problem in technology that mixing raw material is produced biogas is a biological raw material thorough mixing in the anaerobic fermentation process.But in the actual production; Because rich carbon biological raw material is different with density with rich nitrogen biological raw material physical aspect; Two kinds of raw materials only can mix under agitation condition fully, in case after stirring stopped for some time, rich carbon biological raw material and rich nitrogen biological raw material just layering can occur; The former floats on fermentor tank top and forms the crust layer, and the latter is suspended in the middle and lower part.In the biological raw material fermentation procedure,, but adopt conventional stirring means to be difficult to obtain the ideal effect if do not strengthen raw materials mix then can't reach the technique effect of mixed fermentation.For example, if conventional whipping appts is in when stirring below the crust layer, then is difficult to break the crust layer and makes two kinds of raw materials mix; If conventional whipping appts touches the crust layer when stirring, then can in fermented liquid, bring air into, destroy the anaerobically fermenting condition.Two kinds of designs all can make fermentation efficiency sharply descend.Biogas production system provided by the invention is optimized design to anaerobic fermentation tank, has increased special fermented liquid mixing device---circulation hulling machine.
The circulation hulling machine is a transport pipe class formation that is installed in the anaerobic fermentation tank.Circulation hulling machine top is loudspeaker spare, is opened on the rich carbon biological raw material suspended layer of fermented liquid, and loudspeaker spare bottom connects the negative pressure pipe, and negative pressure pipe outlet section is installed electronic blade, electronic blades turning axle and negative pressure pipe exit end axially parallel.When electronic blades turning, carry liquid medium to the circulation hulling machine outside, produce negative pressure in the negative pressure pipe, the rich carbon biological raw material that loudspeaker spare opening annex suspends is inhaled in the device.Confirm that through theoretical calculating with the test in place test negative pressure pipe is designed to L type pipe, and L type pipe upper end connects loudspeaker spare, L type pipe straight-arm is parallel with the anaerobic fermentation tank tank skin, can produce better to promote biological raw material blended effect.The circulation hulling machine is utilized in the orderly steady convection current of formation in the fermented liquid, utilizes the negative pressure draft to make two kinds of biological raw material uniform mixing keep the anaerobic condition in the fermentor tank simultaneously as far as possible.
The present invention also provides a kind of method of utilizing said system to produce biogas, and concrete technical scheme is:
A kind of method of mixing raw material fermentation and biogas production; Adopt rich carbon biological raw material and rich nitrogen biological raw material mixture as fermentation raw material; It is characterized in that: process step is: rich carbon biological raw material adds water and allocates to water ratio 65%~75% for usely, and rich nitrogen biological raw material adds water and allocates to TS concentration 3%~8% for use; To allocate the rich carbon biological raw material in back and press 1:9~2:8 (DW/DW) uniform mixing as fermentation raw material with the rich nitrogen biological raw material in allotment back; Fermentation raw material carries out anaerobically fermenting and produces biogas under 25~55 ℃ of temperature, keep rich carbon biological raw material and rich nitrogen biological raw material thorough mixing state in the anaerobic fermentation process; Biogas residue and biogas liquid after the fermentation precipitates, and the post precipitation supernatant is used for the modulation water of fermentation raw material.
Xylogen and semicellulose parcel Mierocrystalline cellulose influence the efficient of microbial fermentation reaction in the rich carbon biological raw material; Because; The foregoing invention method is at first carried out pre-treatment to rich carbon biological raw material under optimum condition, specifically be that inoculation is decomposed the xylogen in the raw material with mixed bacteria liquid in rich carbon biological raw material.Mixed bacteria liquid comprises bristle bolt bacterium (Trametes hirsuta) (bacterium numbering CGMCC NO.3772) and variegated bolt bacterium (Trametes versicolor) (bacterium numbering CGMCC NO.3773) and the required activator yeast powder of strain growth, and concrete treatment process adopts the biological-chemical combined pretreatment method of the disclosed lignocellulosic material of CN201010182173.1 (CN102261004A).Through pre-treatment, the plain composition of the xylogen in the rich carbon biological raw material of degrading, semicellulose and small amount of fibers reduces xylogen and semicellulose to cellulosic package action, makes raw material loose, and is softening, is beneficial to the biodegradability that improves follow-up anaerobically fermenting; Be beneficial to simultaneously and reduce rich carbon biological raw material come-up crust.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: (1) biogas production system with the biological raw material pond separately helps under the righttest environment separately, accomplishing respectively the pre-treatment in advance of different biological raw materials; (2) supernatant with biogas residue and biogas liquid is delivered to the biological raw material pond; Can practice thrift water of productive use significantly on the one hand; Utilize the supernatant of biogas residue and biogas liquid to contain abundant mikrobe and mineral element simultaneously, can good quality strain and the required mineral element of microorganism growth metabolism be provided for rich carbon biological raw material and the pre-treatment of rich nitrogen biological raw material; (3) the circulation hulling machine in the anaerobic fermentation tank forms steady convection current and utilizes the feed liquid suction hulling machine of negative pressure with crust layer on the fermented liquid in fermentor tank; Along feed liquid circulation tube to fermentor tank inside bottom; Realize the fermented feed liquid uniform mixing; Both solve fermenting straw raw material process feed liquid crust, mass transfer effect difference and local acid accumulation and the fermenting process technological difficulties of easy-regulating not at the middle and upper levels, avoided the undesirable and destructible anaerobically fermenting condition influence factor of created gase of common whipping appts broken shell effect again; (4) through the rich carbon biological raw material of microbial pretreatment, reduced xylogen and semicellulose, made raw material loose cellulosic package action, softening, thus be beneficial to subsequent anaerobic digestion, improve anaerobic fermentation gas production efficient.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the system architecture synoptic diagram of mixing raw material fermentation and biogas production.
Fig. 2 is a circulation hulling machine structural representation.
Fig. 3 is a mixing raw material fermentation and biogas production process flow diagram
Numerical markings in the accompanying drawing is respectively:
11 rich carbon biological raw material ponds, 12 rich nitrogen biological raw material pond 2 mixing pits, 21 whipping apptss
3 anaerobic fermentation tanks, 31 circulation hulling machines, 311 loudspeaker spares, 312 negative pressure pipes
313 electronic blade 314 negative pressure mouths 4 settling tanks 5 send water/materials device
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are done further to describe.
Embodiment one
Like Fig. 1, shown in Figure 2, make a kind of system of mixing raw material fermentation and biogas production.
Fig. 1 is the system architecture synoptic diagram of mixing raw material fermentation and biogas production.The system of mixing raw material fermentation and biogas production comprises the feed reservoir, mixing pit 2, anaerobic fermentation tank 3, the settling tank 4 that are connected successively by sealing-duct; Install in the feed reservoir and send water/materials device 5, whipping appts 21 is installed in the mixing pit 2 and is sent water/materials device 5.Feed reservoir comprises the rich carbon biological raw material pond 11 and rich nitrogen biological raw material pond 12 that is connected with mixing pit 2 respectively; Install in the settling tank 4 and send water/materials device 5, and be connected to rich carbon biological raw material pond 11 and rich nitrogen biological raw material pond 12 respectively through pipeline.
Carbon-rich materials pond 11 is preferably square, ground type, and the supporting water/materials device 5 that send adopts screw feeder, is installed between carbon-rich materials pond 11 discharge ports and mixing pit 2 opening for feeds; Rich nitrogen feed reservoir 12 is preferably square, underground type, and the supporting water/materials device 5 that send adopts proof submersible sand discharging pump, is installed between rich nitrogen biological raw material pond 12 discharge ports and mixing pit 2 opening for feeds; Mixing pit 2 ponds are preferably square, underground type, and supporting send water/materials device 5 proof submersible sand discharging pumps, is used for the biological raw material that mixes is delivered to anaerobic fermentation tank 3; Anaerobic fermentation tank 3 is a ground type; Settling tank 4 is preferably square, underground type, and the bottom is provided with submersible sewage pump, is used to be back to feed reservoir.
Fig. 2 is a circulation hulling machine structural representation.Arrange circulation hulling machine 31 in the anaerobic fermentation tank 3.Circulation hulling machine 31 is transport pipe class formations; Top is loudspeaker spare 311; Loudspeaker spare 311 is opened on rich carbon biological raw material come-up crust layer, and loudspeaker spare 311 lower ends connect negative pressure pipe 312, and negative pressure pipe 312 is designed to L type pipe; L type pipe upper end connects loudspeaker spare 311, and L type pipe straight-arm is parallel with anaerobic fermentation tank 3 tank skins; Negative pressure pipe 312 outlet sections are installed electronic blade 313; Electronic blade 313 rotation axiss and negative pressure pipe 312 outlet section axially parallels.Negative pressure pipe 312 internal structures are provided with negative pressure mouth 314 and are used to regulate vacuum magnitude.
Embodiment two
Adopt the system of embodiment one described mixing raw material fermentation and biogas production to produce biogas, its process flow diagram such as Fig. 3.
1, biological raw material:
Rich carbon biological raw material is selected the common farmland of nature air dried stalk for use, is crushed to 3mm~10mm coarse grain, and water ratio is measured in conventional sample drying method oven dry; Rich nitrogen biological raw material is selected the rural area feces of livestock and poultry for use, and water ratio is measured in conventional sample drying method oven dry.
2, production technique
Get stalk coarse grain 16Kg (DW) the rich carbon biological raw material pond 11 of packing into, add water and allocate to water ratio 60%~65%; Get feces of livestock and poultry 150Kg (DW) the rich nitrogen biological raw material pond 12 of packing into, add water and allocate to TS concentration 3%~8%; Send into mixing pit 2 with allotment back feces of livestock and poultry by 1:9~2:8 (DW/DW) through respectively sending water/materials device 5 will allocate back stalk coarse grain, uniform mixing is as fermentation raw material; Fermentation raw material is sent into anaerobic fermentation tank 3 produce biogas at 25 ℃~30 ℃ following anaerobically fermentings of temperature; Keep 31 operations of circulation hulling machine in the anaerobic fermentation process, the biogas residue and biogas liquid after the fermentation is sent into settling tank, after staticly settling, supernatant charging feed pond is used for the modulation water of fermentation raw material.
Embodiment three
Adopt the system of embodiment one described mixing raw material fermentation and biogas production to produce biogas, it no longer repeats with embodiment two identical parts, and difference is rich carbon biological raw material is carried out pre-treatment.
Mixed bacteria liquid: comprise bristle bolt bacterium (Trametes hirsuta) and variegated bolt bacterium (Trametes versicolor) and the required activator yeast powder of strain growth.
Rich carbon biological raw material pretreatment technology is: get stalk coarse grain 16Kg (DW) the rich carbon biological raw material pond 11 of packing into, add water and allocate to water ratio 60%~65%; The inoculation mixed bacteria liquid, inoculum size 5%~10% (W/W); 3~4d, 25 ℃~40 ℃ of temperature are handled in the inoculation secondary fermentation.
Dispose and send into mixing pit 2 and mixes the continuation subsequent process steps with allotment back feces of livestock and poultry by 1:9~2:8 (DW/DW).
The pre-treatment detailed process adopts the biological-chemical combined pretreatment method (CN102261004A) of the disclosed lignocellulosic material of CN201010182173.1.
Embodiment four
Adopt the system of embodiment one described mixing raw material fermentation and biogas production to produce biogas, it no longer repeats difference with embodiment three identical parts:
Mixed bacteria liquid inoculum size 8%, 4~6d, 25 ℃~30 ℃ of temperature are handled in the inoculation secondary fermentation; Perhaps the mixed bacteria liquid inoculum size 6%, and 4~6d, 30 ℃~40 ℃ of temperature are handled in the inoculation secondary fermentation.
According to the biogas production project that embodiment three or four implements, standard is 50 family central gas supply engineerings.Through practice, produce biogas 50m every day
3, consume rich carbon biological raw material 16kg, rich nitrogen biological raw material 150kg, water 0L can use for 50 families.Compare with existing common biogas production project, owing to adopt the recycling of biogas residue and biogas liquid supernatant, every production 50m
3Biogas is practiced thrift the about 2000L of water of productive use, reduces the artificial 2hr of biogas residue and biogas liquid discharging.Because adopt the rich carbon biological raw material of microbial pretreatment, the raw material factor of created gase improves more than 20%, and scum silica frost reduces obviously.
Claims (9)
1. the system of a mixing raw material fermentation and biogas production comprises the feed reservoir, mixing pit (2), anaerobic fermentation tank (3), the settling tank (4) that are connected successively by pipeline; Install in the feed reservoir and send water/materials device (5), whipping appts (21) is installed in the mixing pit (2) and is sent water/materials device (5); It is characterized in that: said feed reservoir comprises the rich carbon biological raw material pond (11) and rich nitrogen biological raw material pond (12) that is connected with mixing pit (2) respectively; Install in the said settling tank (4) and send water/materials device (5), and be connected to rich carbon biological raw material pond (11) and rich nitrogen biological raw material pond (12) respectively through pipeline.
2. system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: arrange circulation hulling machine (31) in the said anaerobic fermentation tank (3); Said circulation hulling machine (31) top is loudspeaker spare (311), and loudspeaker spare (311) bottom connects negative pressure pipe (312), and negative pressure pipe (312) outlet section is installed electronic blade (313); Electronic blade (313) rotation axis and negative pressure pipe (312) outlet section axially parallel.
3. system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: said negative pressure pipe (312) is a L type pipe, and L type pipe upper end connects loudspeaker spare (311), and L type pipe straight-arm is parallel with anaerobic fermentation tank (3) tank skin.
4. according to claim 2 or 3 described systems, it is characterized in that: the inner negative pressure mouth (314) of installing of said negative pressure pipe (312); When negative pressure pipe (312) was L type pipe, negative pressure mouth (314) was installed in the L type pipe straight-arm.
5. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described systems; It is characterized in that: said carbon-rich materials pond (11) is ground type, and rich nitrogen feed reservoir (12) is a underground type, and mixing pit (2) is a underground type; Anaerobic fermentation tank (3) is a ground type, and settling tank (4) is a underground type.
6. system according to claim 5 is characterized in that: in the said carbon-rich materials pond (11) to send water/materials device (5) be screw feeder, in the said rich nitrogen feed reservoir (12) to send water/materials device (5) be proof submersible sand discharging pump.
7. the method for a mixing raw material fermentation and biogas production; Adopt rich carbon biological raw material and rich nitrogen biological raw material mixture as fermentation raw material; It is characterized in that: process step is: rich carbon biological raw material adds water and allocates to water ratio 60%~65% for usely, and rich nitrogen biological raw material adds water and allocates to TS concentration 3%~5% for use; To allocate the rich carbon biological raw material in back and press 1:9~2:8 (DW/DW) uniform mixing as fermentation raw material with the rich nitrogen biological raw material in allotment back; Fermentation raw material carries out anaerobically fermenting and produces biogas under 25~55 ℃ of temperature, keep rich carbon biological raw material and rich nitrogen biological raw material thorough mixing state in the anaerobic fermentation process; Biogas residue and biogas liquid after the fermentation precipitates, and the post precipitation supernatant is used for the modulation water of fermentation raw material.
8. method of utilizing the mixing raw material fermentation and biogas production that the described system of claim 2 realizes; It is characterized in that: rich carbon biological raw material is put into rich carbon biological raw material pond (11) add water and allocate, rich nitrogen biological raw material is put into rich nitrogen biological raw material pond (12) add water and allocate to TS concentration 6%~8% to water ratio 60%~65%; With rich nitrogen biological raw material after the allotment in the rich carbon biological raw material in allotment back in the rich carbon biological raw material pond (11) and the rich nitrogen biological raw material pond (12) in proportion 1:9~2:8 (DW/DW) send into mixing pit (2) uniform mixing as mixing raw material; Mixing raw material in the mixing pit (2) is sent into anaerobic fermentation tank (3) and kept circulation hulling machine (31) running status, under 25~55 ℃ of temperature, carry out anaerobically fermenting and produce biogas; Biogas residue and biogas liquid after the fermentation is sent into settling tank (4) and is precipitated, and the post precipitation supernatant is sent into rich carbon biological raw material pond (11) and rich nitrogen biological raw material pond (12) as water of productive use.
9. according to claim 7 or 8 described methods, it is characterized in that: said rich carbon biological raw material add water allocate carry out to the water ratio 60%~65% after the pre-treatment for use; Said pre-treatment is that the inoculation mixed bacteria liquid decomposes the xylogen in the raw material in rich carbon biological raw material, and said mixed bacteria liquid comprises bristle bolt bacterium and variegated bolt bacterium and the required activator yeast powder of strain growth.
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CN103074207A (en) * | 2013-01-25 | 2013-05-01 | 何志发 | Automatic cycle device and automatic cycle method of fermentation tank |
CN109500066A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-03-22 | 福建永诚农牧科技集团有限公司 | A kind of biogas waste recovery equipment |
CN111778292A (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2020-10-16 | 四川华地康生态农业有限公司 | Agricultural solid waste biological fermentation method |
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CN109500066B (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2024-01-19 | 福建永诚农牧科技集团有限公司 | Biogas waste recycling equipment |
CN111778292A (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2020-10-16 | 四川华地康生态农业有限公司 | Agricultural solid waste biological fermentation method |
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