CN102837814A

CN102837814A - Propeller variable pitch dial

Info

Publication number: CN102837814A
Application number: CN 201210332879
Authority: CN
Inventors: 薛广振
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2012-09-10
Filing date: 2012-09-10
Publication date: 2012-12-26

Abstract

The invention provides a propeller variable pitch dial which is a scale device used for marking and reading the variable pitch rate during adjusting the pitch of a propeller. Through the adoption of the propeller variable pitch dial, the variable pitch is adjusted to be optimally matched with the power and the rotating speed of an engine, thus, the propeller and the engine can play the best effort. The propeller variable scale devices are attached on a blade and a blade loop, which are beneficial for controlling and keeping the variable pitch rate of each blade in a propeller system in a consistent state; when different propeller systems (2, 3 and 4 blade systems and the like) which adopt such scale devices, and different (proper power and rotating speed) engines also adopt such scale devices, the blades are not needed to be changed by simply utilizing different reading values, so such mature reading values can be circulated in all customer bases; and meanwhile, a propeller manufacturer only produce fewer and even one blade, and the demands on the propeller of a plurality of propeller system and engine users can be met; and a user just needs fewer and even only one set of blades to meet the demands on a plurality of applications.

Description

Screw propeller displacement calibrated disc

Technical field

, screw propeller (generally claiming " propelling unit " in the navigation) is seen accompanying drawing 1, is the main propelling unit of leaning on the ROV of fluid mechanics principle navigation.As the pitch of one of screw propeller important indicator, need adjust to and engine power and the best proportioning of rotating speed, just can make screw propeller and even driving engine performance maximum effectiveness.The present invention is a kind of graduation apparatus that is used for identifying and reading in screw propeller displacement process the pitch variable quantity, sees accompanying drawing 2.

Background technology

The factor that influences screw propeller pulling force or thrust (following is main the explanation with the pulling force) has engine power, rotating speed, screw pitch of propeller blades, blade area and cross section aerofoil profile etc.And aspect the blade making, have two types usually, one type is that blade monomer is made, and sees accompanying drawing 3, installs (seeing accompanying drawing 4) by a cover oar hoop (have cry " oar folder ") again and several blades is assembled into one, the appearance shown in accompanying drawing 5.Might as well call this type screw propeller " split type screw propeller ", be called for short by " split oar ".Another kind of is that several blades are integral on the Material Physics meaning; See accompanying drawing 6; For example with engraving such as timber, plastics, resin, metal, with castings such as plastics, metal, processing etc., might as well call " integral type screw propeller " to this class, abbreviation " one oar ".Split oar blade can be around oar hoop axis rotation, pitch, through letting propeller blade, can realize that adjustment changes, and sees accompanying drawing 7; And in a single day the one oar is processed, and its pitch is fixed, and can not adjust again.Make full use of split oar blade pitch adjustability, people expect the blade pitch through the adjustment screw propeller already, come to reach best proportioning with engine power and rotating speed, thereby have given play to the maximum effect of screw propeller and driving engine.The screw propeller displacement divides two kinds of situation again, a kind ofly is, in the screw propeller operation process, comes mechanical alignment through the specific mechanical pitch-changing mechanism, might as well be referred to as " mechanical displacement "; Another kind is under the dead stick situation, with artificial manually operated mode roll adjustment, might as well be referred to as " artificial displacement ".And for the one oar, displacement just means will change the screw propeller with different fixing pitch.The present invention is a kind of being used on the split oar, uses in the artificial displacement process, can realize quantitative displacement, guarantees each blade displacement amount conformability, and the scale indicating device that reads of displacement amount, sees accompanying drawing 8, accompanying drawing 9.

Summary of the invention

Respectively on the blade and its oar hoop of split type screw propeller; Suitable position prepares a series of marks separately, defines its scale unit and mutual alignment fiducials; Then through the mutual relativity between the two; Make between blade and its oar hoop, and the variable angle amount, can discern, can read record but become.Such cartridge clip footmark is known system, is exactly " screw propeller displacement calibrated disc " of the present invention.

Its feature is:

1, split oar propeller shank, in the oar hoop under the rotatable prerequisite of oar hoop axis; On blade and oar hoop, prepare corresponding a series of mark simultaneously, the form of mark respectively; Have and must have can distinguish, can distinguish, can read, recordability; But with whether be literal, letter, numeral, and whether be how much solid or planar graph, all have nothing to do.

2; The mark system can be in any position on blade and the oar hoop; No matter be on the visible part or the sightless inner surface of this fitting surface in the blade and the oar hoop fitting surface outside,, get final product along the angle that oar hoop axle rotates thereby identify both as long as can constitute discernible mutual relativity.

4, in mark series, constitute continuous variation relation between each mark; And clear and definite and definite contrast benchmark is arranged between blade and oar hoop; Thereby constitute a calibrated disc that establishes one's own system.

5, the actual position of the internal alignment benchmark of calibrated disc is by builder's random arranged voluntarily when blade and oar hoop are made, and with the original pitch benchmark of blade self, can relevant also can have nothing to do.

6, the measure unit of calibrated disc and scale can be self-defined, also can be the science scales.

7, the preparation method of calibrated disc on blade and oar hoop, as long as in the physical sense can be constant with their carrier difference holding position, and irrelevant with preparation technology.It can be independent part, also can be on the bulk material of blade, oar hoop, no matter be that projection or depression are perhaps one flat on the solid object surface of blade and oar hoop; Also can be paint spraying, the material aspect also can be that machine adds, casting or bonding, bonding etc.

So, what actual value of service do such one " screw propeller displacement calibrated disc " have again? This must talk about from its novelty.Usually, using in aviation and the navigation field in modern times, mostly is split type propeller system---blade is the separately preparation of single leaf, and the displacement of blade also all is basically in operation process, comes to accomplish automatically through certain machinery controls.And the displacement amount has also realized at the servo structure inner, through more senior, more accurate means, has realized automatic synchronization, monitoring and extraction.So in the middle of ripe, high industrialization like this application, screw propeller displacement calibrated disc is otiose basically.Still more, because these screw propellers are tall and big high speed again, even if there is calibrated disc also can't manual work to read.That is to say that such one " screw propeller displacement calibrated disc " is both unnecessary also infeasible.So people just never remember and will use so reasoningly.And this is just constituting novelty of the present invention basis.Because the inventor sees, in another aspect; This device is not only feasible but also useful; Here it is has just risen and has worldwide early popularized in China, the light-duty and ultra light aircraft in the General Aviation field, so that other kinds individual air transport, amusement equipment are (like propeller-parachuting, power delta wing; Or the like) on, propeller system.

Because at this level, driving engine and whole flight instruments have all dwindled greatly; For example; Ultra light aircraft, China has continued to use world's general specification, regulation; Aircraft self complete machine (not comprising auxiliary appliances such as fuel oil and corresponding buoyant apparatus) weight is no more than 116 kilograms, and aircraft and aircrew exempt from clearance; And this type driving engine also has only tens horsepowers usually, and weight is also substantially at tens kilograms, and volume is also suitable with motor cycle engine basically; And price, ultra light aircraft generally yuan does not wait at hundreds of thousands of, and driving engine does not wait at several ten thousand yuans; Can only singlely take and drive ... So in this aspect,, be inconceivable if let the screw propeller can the dynamic mechanically displacement because pitch-changing mechanism is normally very complicated, very accurate, very heavy, very greatly, very expensive thing.Actual conditions also are, according to inventor's close observation all the year round, variable pitch device is not at home and abroad all used in this aspect really.In addition; The flight of this aspect; Usually all is motion, recreational, so the user can not go too to haggle over the proportioning between driving engine and pitch of propeller, power, the rotating speed etc. usually ... So in fact, people are the attitude of having taked tolerance and having put up with to this problem; Rather than do not hope that the digging screw oar in the potentiality aspect this, improves its performance.

Opposite, in fact,, all not ignoring this problem no matter be driving engine or screw propeller producer or individual subscriber, people and have kept in mind the potentiality that various ways are excavated this respect.Such as, producer is the driving engine of different capacity, different rated speed of rotation, has manufactured and designed the screw propeller of different pitch; And screw propeller is also selected and change to those individual subscribers constantly, makes it to adapt to greatest extent driving engine at hand, or the like.So should, if can develop a kind of simple, cheap actv. displacement auxiliary device or method; Make displacement operate on the metering meaning operability is arranged; That will have demand, and demand is huge, and just nobody does this work.

Briefly, " screw propeller displacement calibrated disc " is not that displacement department clothes are put, its just displacement benchmark and displacement angle-data read comparable device.It only is when design and manufacturing screw propeller and oar hoop, adds a sign system, makes the user can adjust pitch simply, accurately and efficiently, and the feasible screw propeller that originally has the pitch of fixing can be worked under different pitch.Certainly, be to need a process of debugging one by one at first by scale, finally select on what driving engine, under what rated speed of rotation, the propeller system pulling force is maximum during which scale numerical value ...Mould process manufacturing through precision; Calibrated disc can be on very accurate magnitude; On all individualities of all batches, be consistent, also just make any one debug good ripe calibration data, used in the propeller system of this cover blade and oar hoop at all; Implication is all consistent, all effective, also no matter what driving engine these propeller systems are used on (driving engine that yes power, rotating speed mate substantially).Certainly, what customer requirement was done only is before running, opens oar hoop clip piece, according to the calibration data of choosing, blade is installed in the oar hoop gets final product, and needn't consider or with reference to original pitch of blade and so on.And these ripe data can circulate in product customers---same engine model can use same data, and different type of machines then has different data.So this calibrated disc lets on the one hand user's performance potential of digging screw oar and driving engine to greatest extent, simultaneously, also can let the user save

Those need too much to buy the expense of screw propeller originally down.

It below is " Figure of description " instruction card.

Figure number	Explanation
		Fig. 1	The general type of screw propeller
Fig. 2	Screw propeller displacement calibrated disc
		Fig. 3	Split oar monomer blade
Fig. 4	Split oar oar hoop (or " oar folder ")
		Fig. 5	Split type propeller system
Fig. 6	The integral type propeller system
		Fig. 7	Pitch is adjustable
Fig. 8	Calibration on the blade
		Fig. 9	Calibration on the oar hoop

Claims

1. split type propeller system on blade and oar hoop, prepares corresponding a series of mark respectively simultaneously; The form of mark must have can distinguish, can distinguish, can read, recordability; But with whether be literal, letter, numeral, and how much graphics feature all has nothing to do.

2. the said mark system of claim 1 can with the original pitch benchmark of blade self, can relevant also can have nothing to do on any position of blade and oar hoop; Install on the visible part or the sightless inner surface of this fitting surface in the fitting surface outside at blade and oar hoop no matter be; Also no matter whether the blade mounting hole is coaxial on the rotation of blade displacement and the oar hoop.

3. the said mark system of claim 2 in the installation and assembly relation of blade and oar hoop, can have the physical positioning effect, also can not have positioning action.

4. if said positioning action exists in the claim 3, locating point should be at Liang Chu with more than two places so, can make blade two with plural setting angle in the middle of select, no matter whether angle is known and definition in advance between the locating point.

5. in claim 2 and 3 said mark series, have continuous variation relation between each mark; And clear and definite and definite contrast benchmark is arranged between blade and oar hoop; Thereby constitute a calibrated disc that establishes one's own system.

6. the measure unit of the said calibrated disc of claim 5 and scale can be self-defined, also can be the science scales.

7. the said calibrated disc of claim 6, the preparation method on blade and oar hoop, the holding position is constant respectively as long as can guarantee enough carriers with them in the physical sense, and irrelevant with production technology; That is, it can be independent part, also can be on the bulk material of blade, oar hoop; Can be on the solid object surface of blade and oar hoop or raised or sunken or one flat; Also can be that paint spraying, machine add, casting or bonding, bonding etc.

8. the said screw propeller displacement of claim 7 calibrated disc, the application on the fixed wing aircraft propeller system; And at helicopter initiatively rotor system and tail-rotor system and the passive rotor system of cyclogyro and promote mainly the application in the propeller system.

9. the said screw propeller displacement of claim 7 calibrated disc is used the application on the flight equipment in motion, amusement, such as propeller-parachuting, power delta wing, and the application on the propeller system of model airplane.

In the claim 7 screw propeller displacement calibrated disc, the screw propeller of submersible or the application on the impeller system in ship and the water on the water.