CN102836946B - Roll forging forming process for last stage of moving blade of 600MW unit steam turbine - Google Patents
Roll forging forming process for last stage of moving blade of 600MW unit steam turbine Download PDFInfo
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- CN102836946B CN102836946B CN201210332239.XA CN201210332239A CN102836946B CN 102836946 B CN102836946 B CN 102836946B CN 201210332239 A CN201210332239 A CN 201210332239A CN 102836946 B CN102836946 B CN 102836946B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a roll forging forming process for a last stage of moving blade of a 600MW unit steam turbine and belongs to the technical field of blade forging. The roll forging forming process for the last stage of moving blade of the 600MW unit steam turbine comprises the following implementing stages: a stage of cogging, i.e. roll forging cogging and die forging cogging; a stage of forming roll forging and finish forging, i.e. forming roll forging, finish forging, trimming and shape calibration; and a stage of heat treatment, i.e. high temperature tempering, quenching and tempering treatment. The roll forging forming process for the last stage of moving blade of the 600MW unit steam turbine is simple and convenient to operate, has a low cost and has a low requirement on the tonnage of forging equipment; the equipment is simple and is convenient to maintain; blade profiles have small allowance, are uniformly distributed and have good consistency; the finish machining and polishing speed is increased; the corrosion resistance and the mechanical performance of the blade are improved; the yield strength and the tensile strength of a fine rolled blade are superior to those of a die forged blade; the production processing noise pollution is reduced; and the labor environment is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Development of Blade Forging Technology, especially a kind of last stage rotor blade of steam turbine rollforming technology.
Background technology
At present, the production of last stage rotor blade of steam turbine, is mainly that raw material are carried out to die forging, the blade of producing by contour forging technique, because blade is in cooling process, deflection is larger, therefore just needs reserved deflection larger, needs the surplus of processing large, waste of material is more, cost costliness, and the surplus of blade surface is inhomogeneous, and the uniformity of blade surface surplus is bad.Meanwhile, turbine blade is according to the difference of model, its size difference, the different mould therefore needing is produced, when larger in batches, the production cost of blade is lower, but when blade little in batches, when gauge size is different, its production cost is higher.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention of the present invention is: for the problem of above-mentioned existence, a kind of 600MW power generator turbine final stage moving blade roll forging process easy and simple to handle, with low cost is provided, little to forging equipment tonnage demand, and equipment is simple, be convenient to safeguard, the little high conformity that is evenly distributed of blade profile surplus, improve fine finishining and rubbing down speed, and improve corrosion resistance and the mechanical performance of blade, yield strength and the tensile strength of essence roller blade are better than die forging blade, reduce production and processing noise pollution, improve work situation.
The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
600MW power generator turbine final stage moving blade roll forging process of the present invention, by realizing with the next stage:
the cogging stage
A. roll forging cogging
Raw material is heated to 1150 ° of C ± 10 ° C in heating furnace, and is incubated after 90 minutes, then takes out from heating furnace;
Raw material is carried out in three type grooves to four roll forging, make the middle shape line length 330 ± 5 of blade, blade root blank is long by 145 ± 5, and integral shroud blank is long by 60 ± 10, blank overall length 530 ± 10;
B. die forging cogging
If material temperature is not less than 900 ° of C, blank is put into 80MN forcing press forging die and carried out die-forging forming, after the blade demoulding, cut overlap, then it is cooling that forging is put into Sha Chizhong;
If material temperature, lower than 900 ° of C, is heated to blank again shove charge 1150 ° of C ± 10 ° C, and is incubated after 30 minutes, put into 80MN forcing press forging die and carry out die forging, after trimming, put into Sha Chizhong cooling;
roll forging, finish-forging stage
A. roll forging
Forging is heated to 1150 ° of C ± 10 ° C, and comes out of the stove after being incubated 60 minutes, then forging is carried out to twice roll forging in two type grooves, make blade-shaped line length 650 ± 10, integral shroud boss is long by 60 ± 10, overall length 920 ± 10;
B. finish-forging
If material temperature is not less than 900 ° of C, blank is put into 80MN forcing press forging die die-forging forming;
If material temperature, lower than 900 ° of C, reheats forging to 1150 ° of C ± 10 ° C, and is putting into 8000T forcing press finish-forging after being incubated 30 minutes;
C. trimming school shape
After the blade demoulding, proceed to the trimming of 1600T forcing press, the forging after trimming is again put into 8000T forcing press forging die and is corrected shape, then it is cooling to put into Sha Chizhong;
heat treatment stages
High tempering
By qualified forging in 750 ° of C insulation after 6 hours, the air cooling of coming out of the stove;
Quench
Forging after high tempering was heated to ° C insulation of 1030 ° of C ± 5 after 90 minutes, came out of the stove air-cooled;
Tempering
Forging is through double tempering processing, and air-cooled.
Owing to having adopted above-mentioned technique, due to blade steam passage part roller rest forging molding, roll forging equipment is mainly used in shaping, so do not need very large-tonnage, roll forging former is only 1/3 of die-forging forming equipment, and cost of equipment is less than 1/10 of high power screw press, be 1/3 of counter-blow hammer or die hammer, device structure is simple; The little high conformity that is evenly distributed of blade profile surplus: because roll-forging process can effectively be controlled blade profile surplus, blade essence roller good manufacturability, controllability is strong, can adjust surplus according to product demand.Owing to forging, side force is less, and mould is difficult for dislocation, is conducive to improve blade profile precision.The higher institute of forging precision made allowance is more evenly less, can improve fine finishining and rubbing down speed, cooling generation annealing or quenching distortion after blade surface excess Temperature when the loss that both can reduce machining and rubbing down material also can be avoided later process and process because of cutting stress or rubbing down, especially can not produce the state of hardening to the good material of air cooled hardenability and cause the be full of cracks of blade surface, improve the reliability of product and reduce production costs.The metallic fiber streamline of blade is not cut off and has kept continuity, thereby has improved corrosion resistance and the mechanical performance of blade, increase the service life, and the yield strength of blade and tensile strength is all better than die forging blade.In roll forging process, due to short between the contact area of roll forging die enabling and forging hour, metal and mould relative sliding are little, stressed little, thereby it is little to wear and tear, and die life is long.The stock utilization approximately 50% of essence roller blade, is 25%～30% with the utilization rate of surplus die forging blade material, and the stock utilization of square steel milling blade only has 15%.Roll forging operation noise is little, easily realizes mechanization and automation mechanized operation, improves work situation, reduces noise pollution.600MW power generator turbine final stage moving blade roll forging process of the present invention, has opened up a new blade production ways, and practicality is good.
600MW power generator turbine final stage moving blade roll forging process of the present invention, in the cogging stage, raw material carries out four roll forging in three type grooves, is specially:
Raw material, after manipulator jaw clamps, carries out roll forging for the first time in the first type groove;
After exiting, manipulator jaw half-twist, again enters the first type groove and carries out roll forging for the second time;
After exiting, manipulator jaw rotates back to 0 ° of position, moves to Second-Type groove and carries out roll forging for the third time;
After exiting, manipulator jaw not rotary flat moves to the 3rd type groove and carries out the 4th roll forging;
Blank after roller is long retreats, traversing to the first type groove, the large arm Rotate 180 ° of manipulator, and to the feeding of 80MN forcing press forging die.
Owing to having adopted above-mentioned technique, make raw material carry out four roll forging through three type grooves, make raw material elongated, and shape begins to take shape, wherein after roll forging for the first time, raw material by elongated for the first time, then carry out roll forging for the second time by after 90 ° of blade rotaries, this time roll forging can be by tentatively definite to the blade root of blade and integral shroud position, and shape begins to take shape, but length is constant; Again through roll forging for the third time, the length of blade is elongated, vane thickness attenuation, finally by crossing the 4th roll forging, makes the size of blade tentatively reach pre-provisioning request, particularly make the middle shape line length 330 ± 5 of blade, blade root blank is long by 145 ± 5, and integral shroud blank is long by 60 ± 10, blank overall length 530 ± 10, thereby can guarantee the size of following process, for follow-up processing ready.Because roll-forging process continuous rolling is pricked, the metallic fiber streamline of blade is not cut off and has kept continuity, thereby has improved corrosion resistance and the mechanical performance of blade, increase the service life, and the yield strength of blade and tensile strength is all better than die forging blade.
600MW power generator turbine final stage moving blade roll forging process of the present invention, roll forging, in the finish-forging stage, forging carries out twice roll forging in two type grooves, is specially:
Forging packs manipulator jaw from the side into, and carries out roll forging for the first time in the first type groove;
After exiting, manipulator jaw moves to Second-Type groove and carries out roll forging for the second time;
Blank after roller retreats, traversing to the first type groove, the large arm Rotate 180 ° of manipulator, and to the feeding of 80MN forcing press forging die.
Owing to having adopted above-mentioned technique, vanes is after roll forging for the first time, and blank is elongated, therefore needs again to pass through secondary roll forging, makes forging forming.Vanes is crossed after twice roll forging, various sizes on blade are shaped substantially, wherein, shape line length 650 ± 10 in the middle of blade, blade root blank long 210 ± 10, integral shroud blank is long by 60 ± 10, blank overall length 920 ± 10, the blade after twice roll forging, effectively control blade profile surplus, owing to forging, side force is less, and mould is difficult for dislocation, is conducive to improve blade profile precision.The higher institute of forging precision made allowance is less, cooling generation annealing or quench and distortion after blade surface excess Temperature can improve fine finishining and process because of cutting stress or rubbing down time, thus especially can not produce the state of hardening to the good material of air cooled hardenability and cause the be full of cracks of blade surface to reduce production costs and improve the reliability of product.
600MW power generator turbine final stage moving blade roll forging process of the present invention, heat treatment stages, double tempering is specially:
Tempering for the first time: in 24 hours, then forging is packed into and is warming up to 640 ° of C ± 5 ° C in well stove, and be incubated after 10 hours, come out of the stove air-cooled;
Tempering for the second time: furnace temperature is adjusted according to the hardness of the blade of drawing lots after tempering for the first time, packs in well stove and is warming up to 640 ° of C ± 5 ° C insulation 10 hours, air-cooled after discharging.
Owing to having adopted above-mentioned technique, by double tempering, reduce or eliminate quenching internal stress, prevent workpiece deformation or cracking, and can guarantee that blade obtains the various mechanical properties of technological requirement, particularly will ensure that blade hardness reaches requirement.Through tempering for the first time, the tissue of steel tends towards stability, and the fragility of hardened steel reduces, and toughness and plasticity improve, and eliminates or reduces quenching stress, and the shape of stabilized steel and size, prevent quench part distortion and cracking, and high tempering can also improve machinability.Tempering be for the second time mainly for tempering for the first time supplement, thereby guarantee that the mechanical property of blade reaches requirement, certainly according to the actual needs, also can carry out again repeatedly temper.
600MW power generator turbine final stage moving blade roll forging process of the present invention, described blank adopts 1Cr12Ni2W1Mo1V material to make.
Blank adopts above-mentioned stainless steel material to make, thereby can ensure that electric furnace smelting electroslag remelting delta ferrite level is no more than 5%, can improve corrosion resistance and the mechanical performance of blade, has extended the service life of blade.
In sum, owing to having adopted technique scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1,600MW power generator turbine final stage moving blade roll forging process of the present invention, device structure is simple, easy and simple to handle, with low cost;
2,600MW power generator turbine final stage moving blade roll forging process of the present invention, because roll-forging process can effectively be controlled blade profile surplus, blade essence roller good manufacturability, controllability is strong, can adjust surplus according to product demand, the little high conformity that is evenly distributed of blade profile surplus;
3,600MW power generator turbine final stage moving blade roll forging process of the present invention, owing to forging, side force is less, and mould is difficult for dislocation, is conducive to improve blade profile precision; The higher institute of forging precision made allowance is more evenly less, can improve fine finishining and rubbing down speed, cooling generation annealing or quenching distortion after blade surface excess Temperature when the loss that both can reduce machining and rubbing down material also can be avoided later process and process because of cutting stress or rubbing down, thus especially can not produce the state of hardening to the good material of air cooled hardenability and cause the be full of cracks of blade surface to reduce production costs and improve the reliability of product.
4,600MW power generator turbine final stage moving blade roll forging process of the present invention, the metallic fiber streamline of blade is not cut off and has kept continuity, thereby corrosion resistance and the mechanical performance of blade are improved, increase the service life, and the yield strength of blade and tensile strength are all better than die forging blade.
5,600MW power generator turbine final stage moving blade roll forging process of the present invention, roll forging operation noise is little, easily realizes mechanization and automation mechanized operation, improves work situation, reduces noise pollution, has opened up a new blade production ways, and practicality is good.
Brief description of the drawings
Examples of the present invention will be described by way of reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of 60MW power generator turbine final stage moving blade in the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Disclosed all features in this description, or step in disclosed all methods or process, except mutually exclusive feature and/or step, all can combine by any way.
Disclosed arbitrary feature in this description (comprising any accessory claim, summary and accompanying drawing), unless narration especially all can be replaced by other equivalences or the alternative features with similar object.,, unless narration especially, each feature is an example in a series of equivalences or similar characteristics.
600MW power generator turbine final stage moving blade roll forging process of the present invention, by realizing with the next stage:
Require raw-material chemical composition as following table (Wt%):
Raw material just adopts 1Cr12Ni2W1Mo1V stainless steel material to make.
the cogging stage
A. roll forging cogging
Raw material is heated to 1150 ° of C ± 10 ° C in heating furnace, and is incubated 90 minutes, then from heating furnace, takes out gradually;
Raw material, under the effect of manipulator jaw, carries out roll forging for the first time in the first type groove (K3 forge rolling die);
After exiting, manipulator jaw half-twist, again enters the first type groove (K3 forge rolling die) and carries out roll forging for the second time;
After exiting, manipulator jaw rotates back to 0 ° of position, moves to Second-Type groove (K2 forge rolling die) and carries out roll forging for the third time;
After exiting, manipulator jaw not rotary flat moves to the 3rd type groove (K1 forge rolling die) and carries out the 4th roll forging;
Make the middle shape line length 330 ± 5 of blade, blade root blank is long by 145 ± 5, and integral shroud blank is long by 60 ± 10, blank overall length 530 ± 10;
Blank after roller is long retreats, traversing to the first type groove, manipulator jaw Rotate 180 °, and to the feeding of 80MN forcing press forging die;
C. die forging cogging
If material temperature is not less than 900 ° of C, blank to be put into 80MN forcing press forging die and carried out die-forging forming, surrounding requires to be full of, and cuts overlap, then forging is put into the slow cooling of sand pond after the blade demoulding;
If material temperature, lower than 900 ° of C, is heated to 1150 ° more than C by blank again shove charge, and is incubated after 30 minutes, put into 80MN forcing press forging die and carry out die forging, require surrounding to be full of, put into the slow cooling of sand pond, cooling rear abrasive jet cleaning burr;
roll forging, finish-forging stage
A. roll forging
Forging is packed into and in box type heater, is heated to 1150 ° of C, and come out of the stove by part after being incubated 50 minutes, forging packs manipulator jaw from the side into, and carries out roll forging for the first time in the first type groove (K2 forge rolling die);
After exiting, manipulator jaw moves to Second-Type groove (K1 forge rolling die) and carries out roll forging for the second time;
Make blade-shaped line length 650 ± 10, integral shroud boss is long by 60 ± 10, overall length 920 ± 10;
Blank after roller retreats, traversing to the first type groove (K2 forge rolling die), manipulator jaw Rotate 180 °, and to the feeding of 80MN forcing press forging die;
B. finish-forging
If material temperature is not less than 900 ° of C, the blank after roller length is put into 80MN forcing press forging die die-forging forming, require die cavity to be full of;
If material temperature, lower than 900 ° of C, reheats forging to 1150 ° of C, and putting into 8000T forcing press finish-forging after being incubated 30 minutes;
C. trimming school shape
After the blade demoulding, proceed to the trimming of 1600T forcing press, the forging after trimming is again put into 8000T forcing press forging die and is corrected shape, and then puts into sand pond Slow cooling, and cooling rear abrasive jet cleaning burr is folding;
heat treatment stages
A. high tempering
Forging is put into 750 ° of C insulations of high temperature well stove 6 hours, after coming out of the stove, be placed on natural air cooling in sand pond;
B. quench
Qualified forging was heated to 1030 ° of C ± 5 ° C insulation after 90 minutes in stove, after coming out of the stove, put rapidly to air-cooled upper air-cooled, cooling rear sampling observation hardness, understands quenching situation;
C. tempering for the first time: in 24 hours, then pack forging into well formula and return and in well stove, be warming up to 640 ± 5 and be incubated 10 hours, after coming out of the stove, put to air-cooled upper air-cooled;
D. tempering for the second time: furnace temperature is adjusted according to the hardness of inspecting blade after tempering for the first time by random samples, packs in well stove and is warming up to 640 ° of C ± 5 ° C, be incubated 10 hours, puts after coming out of the stove to air-cooled and goes up air-cooled.
The blade that 600MW power generator turbine final stage moving blade roll forging process of the present invention forges, its room-temperature mechanical property is as following table:
As shown in Figure 1, by the blade that adopts 600MW power generator turbine final stage moving blade roll forging process of the present invention to produce, the blade section of being separated into is detected separately, wherein blade is separated into A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M cross section, respectively the inner arc clearance delta H in each cross section and back of the body arc clearance delta R are detected, concrete data are as shown in the table:
Can be learnt by upper table, the blade of making by 600MW power generator turbine final stage moving blade roll forging process of the present invention, the little high conformity that is evenly distributed of blade profile surplus, and because roll-forging process can effectively be controlled blade profile surplus, blade essence roller good manufacturability, controllability is strong, can adjust surplus according to product demand.Owing to forging, side force is less, and mould is difficult for dislocation, is conducive to improve blade profile precision.The higher institute of forging precision made allowance is more evenly less, can improve fine finishining and rubbing down speed, cooling generation annealing or quenching distortion after blade surface excess Temperature when the loss that both can reduce machining and rubbing down material also can be avoided later process and process because of cutting stress or rubbing down, especially can not produce the state of hardening to the good material of air cooled hardenability and cause the be full of cracks of blade surface and reduce production costs and improve the reliability of product.
The present invention is not limited to aforesaid detailed description of the invention.The present invention expands to any new feature or any new combination disclosing in this manual, and the arbitrary new method disclosing or step or any new combination of process.
Claims (5)
1.600MW power generator turbine final stage moving blade roll forging process, is characterized in that: it is by realizing with the next stage:
the cogging stage
Roll forging cogging
Raw material is heated to 1150 ° of C ± 10 ° C in heating furnace, and is incubated after 90 minutes, then takes out from heating furnace;
Raw material is carried out in three type grooves to four roll forging, make the middle shape line length 330 ± 5 of blade, blade root blank is long by 145 ± 5, and integral shroud blank is long by 60 ± 10, blank overall length 530 ± 10;
Die forging cogging
If material temperature is not less than 900 ° of C, blank is put into 80MN forcing press forging die and carried out die-forging forming, after the blade demoulding, cut overlap, then it is cooling that forging is put into Sha Chizhong;
If material temperature, lower than 900 ° of C, is heated to blank again shove charge 1150 ° of C ± 10 ° C, and is incubated after 30 minutes, put into 80MN forcing press forging die and carry out die forging, after trimming, put into Sha Chizhong cooling;
roll forging, finish-forging stage
A. roll forging
Forging is heated to 1150 ° of C ± 10 ° C, and comes out of the stove after being incubated 60 minutes, then forging is carried out to twice roll forging in two type grooves, make blade-shaped line length 650 ± 10, integral shroud boss is long by 60 ± 10, overall length 920 ± 10;
B. finish-forging
If material temperature is not less than 900 ° of C, blank is put into 80MN forcing press forging die die-forging forming;
If material temperature, lower than 900 ° of C, reheats forging to 1150 ° of C ± 10 ° C, and is putting into 8000T forcing press finish-forging after being incubated 30 minutes;
C. trimming school shape
After the blade demoulding, proceed to the trimming of 1600T forcing press, the forging after trimming is again put into 8000T forcing press forging die and is corrected shape, then it is cooling to put into Sha Chizhong;
heat treatment stages
High tempering
By qualified forging in 750 ° of C insulation after 6 hours, the air cooling of coming out of the stove;
Quench
Forging after high tempering was heated to 1030 ± 5 ° of C insulations after 90 minutes, comes out of the stove air-cooled;
Tempering
Forging is through double tempering processing, and air-cooled.
2. 600MW power generator turbine final stage moving blade roll forging process as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in the cogging stage, raw material carries out four roll forging in three type grooves, is specially:
Raw material, under the effect of manipulator jaw, carries out roll forging for the first time in the first type groove;
After exiting, manipulator jaw half-twist, again enters the first type groove and carries out roll forging for the second time;
After exiting, manipulator jaw rotates back to 0 ° of position, moves to Second-Type groove and carries out roll forging for the third time;
After exiting, manipulator jaw not rotary flat moves to the 3rd type groove and carries out the 4th roll forging;
Blank after roller is long retreats, traversing to the first type groove, manipulator jaw Rotate 180 °, and to the feeding of 80MN forcing press forging die.
3. 600MW power generator turbine final stage moving blade roll forging process as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: roll forging, in the finish-forging stage, and forging carries out twice roll forging in two type grooves, is specially:
Forging packs manipulator jaw from the side into, and carries out roll forging for the first time in the first type groove;
After exiting, manipulator jaw moves to Second-Type groove and carries out roll forging for the second time;
Blank after roller retreats, traversing to the first type groove, the large arm Rotate 180 ° of manipulator, and to the feeding of 80MN forcing press forging die.
4. the 600MW power generator turbine final stage moving blade roll forging process as described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, is characterized in that: heat treatment stages, and double tempering is specially:
Tempering for the first time: in 24 hours, then forging is packed into and is warming up to 640 ± 5 ° of C in well stove, and be incubated after 10 hours, come out of the stove air-cooled;
Tempering for the second time: furnace temperature is adjusted according to the hardness of inspecting blade after tempering for the first time by random samples, packs in well stove and is warming up to 640 ± 5 ° of C insulations 10 hours, air-cooled after discharging.
5. the 600MW power generator turbine final stage moving blade roll forging process as described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, is characterized in that: described blank adopts 1Cr12Ni2W1Mo1V material to make.
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| CN201210332239.XA CN102836946B (en) | 2012-09-11 | 2012-09-11 | Roll forging forming process for last stage of moving blade of 600MW unit steam turbine |
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| CN103600012B (en) * | 2013-10-19 | 2015-10-07 | 沈阳黎明航空发动机(集团)有限责任公司 | A kind of preparation method without tenon depth end bent blades |
| CN103586392B (en) * | 2013-11-15 | 2015-05-27 | 西安航空动力股份有限公司 | Method for manufacturing large titanium alloy fan damping platform blade blank |
| CN104550588B (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2016-10-05 | 无锡透平叶片有限公司 | A kind of numerical control open die forging sub-material pulling blank-making technology of blade forging |
| CN107971444B (en) * | 2016-10-25 | 2019-11-26 | 北京机电研究所有限公司 | A kind of design method of ultra-large type final blades cogging roll forging die enabling |
| CN107598067B (en) * | 2017-09-18 | 2019-02-12 | 无锡宏达重工股份有限公司 | A kind of processing technology of X12CrMoWVNbN10 stator blade ring forging |
| CN108080558A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-05-29 | 中国航发沈阳黎明航空发动机有限责任公司 | A kind of processing technology of GH4648 alloys diversion window blade |
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| CN1554857A (en) * | 2003-12-26 | 2004-12-15 | 东方汽轮机厂 | Turbine high temperature blade and its heat treatment process |
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Address after: Two, 618300 section, Zhuhai Road, Guanghan Economic Development Zone, Deyang, Sichuan, China Patentee after: Sichuan Haote Jinggong Equipment Co., Ltd. Address before: Two, 618300 section, Zhuhai Road, Guanghan Economic Development Zone, Deyang, Sichuan, China Patentee before: Sichuan Haote Oil Equipment Co.,Ltd. |