CN102833822B - Reliable method for managing wireless sensor network - Google Patents
Reliable method for managing wireless sensor network Download PDFInfo
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- CN102833822B CN102833822B CN 201210343498 CN201210343498A CN102833822B CN 102833822 B CN102833822 B CN 102833822B CN 201210343498 CN201210343498 CN 201210343498 CN 201210343498 A CN201210343498 A CN 201210343498A CN 102833822 B CN102833822 B CN 102833822B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a reliable method for managing a wireless sensor network, which is used for managing and maintaining various wireless equipment in the wireless sensor network. The method comprises the following contents, wherein the type of the wireless equipment is classified into a wireless coordinator, a wireless router, a wireless terminal and a wireless mobile terminal; the wireless coordinator manages the access of other type wireless equipment to the network; the access mode of the wireless equipment comprises first network access and network re-access; through the dynamic maintenance of a network topology structure, the network access/withdrawal status of the wireless equipment in the network is reflected in real time; the frequency hops self-adaptively according to a wireless environment; and when the wireless environment is lower than a tolerance threshold, the frequency hops to a channel with the better wireless environment for communication. With the establishment of the reliable method for managing the wireless sensor network, the wireless sensor network service with higher quality and higher efficiency is provided to users.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the wireless sensor network technology field, relate to a kind of wireless sensor network management method reliably, particularly the method that administers and maintains of the wireless sensor network high-performance of using at fields such as Smart Home, intelligent building, industry.
Background technology
Continuous development and fusion along with microelectric technique, computer technology and wireless communication technology etc., promoted the fast development of low-power consumption, multi-functional transducer, developed the microsensor with perception, computing capability and communication capacity, and wireless sensor network is exactly to be made up of the sensor node that is deployed in certain zone, forms the ad hoc network system of a multi-hop by the mode of radio communication.
Wireless sensor network is a kind of multihop self-organizing network, combine sensor technology, embedded computing technique, distributed information processing and wireless communication technology, various environment in monitoring in real time collaboratively, perception and the collection network distributed areas or the information of monitoring target, and these data are handled, obtain detailed information accurately, and send the user who needs these information to.Therefore wireless sensor network is considered to one of most important technology of 21 century.
Along with the development of wireless sensor network, application expands to environmental quality gradually from initial Military Application and detects various aspects such as control, traffic administration, medical rescue, Smart Home, automated production.Meanwhile, the complexity of using, in full reportedly Shu reliability requirement, networking mode tend to densification among a small circle, device category and functional diversities, radio frequency environment complicated (block the multipath interference, electromagnetic interference of generation, with air interference frequently etc.), are proposing high requirement aspect the wireless sensor network reliability.
In recent years, various extensive, low-cost, highly reliable near radio networks arise at the historic moment, but considerable method still is in theoretical research stage, real practical massive wireless sensor is few especially, and wireless reliability also becomes one of key factor of restriction wireless sensor network widespread adoption in the application process, so presses for the reliable effective wireless network management method of a cover in the wireless sensor network application process.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to use a kind of effective wireless network management method that provides for wireless sensor network, can conveniently realize wireless device networking management, dynamic network management, purpose such as radio communication reliably effectively, this method has high reliability, network state dynamic real-time and anti-interference characteristics, can satisfy wireless sensor network in the application demand of Smart Home, automated production etc.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of real-time reliable wireless sensor network management method, relate to four types of equipment in the described method: wireless telegon, wireless router, wireless terminal, mobile radio terminal.
Wireless telegon is the concentrating equipment in the network, is responsible for centralized management and the maintenance of the network information, and wireless telegon is unique in same network.
Wireless router is network trunk equipment, is responsible for setting up the wireless sensor network backbone network, has network management capabilities simultaneously.Wireless router can be forwarded to telegon with the wireless terminal device data as routing device in the network, safeguards the wireless terminal child node relevant with wireless router, real-time servicing network topology structure simultaneously.
Wireless terminal is low-consumption wireless module in the network, for the equipment that the wireless low-power consumption demand is arranged provides wireless service.Wireless terminal directly links to each other with wireless router or wireless telegon, and as the leaf node in the wireless network, wireless terminal does not have routing function.
Mobile radio terminal is a class special installation in the network, can find network fast and data directly are uploaded to wireless telegon in moving process.Mobile radio terminal is mainly used in some the special mobile devices in the wireless network, as remote controller, and handheld device etc.
Wireless sensor network management method of the present invention comprises following content:
S110) network state is switched, and is allowing net state and is forbidding networking and switch between two states according to user's request;
S120) networking management, the wireless device of waiting to network is initiated network sweep, is divided into according to the difference of going into network process networking first and networking again;
S130) network Dynamic Maintenance comprises periodic active maintenance and towards the passive maintenance of child node;
Further, described network state switching comprises:
S111) described wireless telegon is allowing into net state and is forbidding initiatively being initiated by the user into the switching of net state, comprises that button triggers or command triggers.After powering on, wireless telegon is in the user command state of waiting for, the user can send the instruction and forbid the order that networks of allowing to network to wireless telegon by button or touch-screen etc., and wireless telegon according to user command current whether permission of wireless router broadcasting in the network networks;
S112) described wireless router is only after networking is finished, and allows into net state and forbids switching into net state just meaningful, and it should be synchronous with wireless telegon that this state switches.After wireless router is received the network state switching command, switch oneself state according to order, and deliver this order by broadcasting, all routes are all received this order in network.
Further, described networking management comprises:
S121) wireless device of waiting to network should travel through all available wireless frequencies when network sweep, and basis signal quality and go into net state and select optimal network to add, if there is not available network, then proceed scanning, scanning surpasses certain number of times and then carries out dormancy scanning, be to rescan behind the dormancy certain hour, if still there is not available network, repeat above-mentioned dormancy and scanning process;
S122) wireless device to be networked comprises two states: go into net state first, namely do not add any wireless network, and go into net state again, namely added wireless network before this; The node of Ru Wanging is the new wireless device of user's interpolation first, and the wireless device of Ru Wanging re-powers the equipment of networking for having added network before this behind power down or the active off-grid again;
S123) S122 is described above is in when going into net state first when equipment, networks to select to be in the wireless telegon or the wireless router that allow into net state and add, and when equipment is in when going into net state again, the network that the selection that networks has added directly networks.
Be in the wireless device of going into net state again and can only select the network that added, only under the situation of factory reset, just can be used as new wireless device and reselect network.
Further, described network Dynamic Maintenance comprises:
S131) active maintenance is that child node periodically sends the KeepAlive message to father node, father node with this message determine child node at net state.The KeepAlive message is used for the existence of its child node of notice father node, therefore can not need load, if wireless device has data upload more frequently in addition, can reduce or stop the transmission of KeepAlive message to a certain extent;
S132) passive maintenance is whether father node is regularly inquired about its child node and had at net, does not have data interaction if surpass certain hour, thinks that then this node has moved back net.Whether above-mentioned data interaction is used for the descriptor node at net, can be periodic KeepAlive message, also can be other administrative messages or data message;
S133) father node can also can be wireless router for wireless telegon among step S131 and the S132, and child node can also can be wireless terminal by wireless router;
S134) wireless device initiatively moves back net: when human intervention or wireless device running down of battery situation occurring, equipment can initiatively exit network to its father node application, and father node reports wireless telegon unified management after confirming;
S135) the passive net that moves back of wireless device: when deviated from network appears being forced to unusually in wireless device, its father node can find within a certain period of time that this wireless device has moved back net, father node reports wireless telegon unified management after confirming, its concrete discovery procedure is with reference to S132;
S136) mobile radio terminal does not need to participate in the network operation process.Because the mobility of mobile radio terminal can't carry out real-time link to it and safeguard, but also because of its particularity, any node with routing function can be transmitted the data message of mobile radio terminal at any time in the network.
Can make the real-time awareness network changes of topology structure of wireless telegon although dynamic network is safeguarded, because uncertainty and the complexity of wireless communications environment, wireless network runs into the situation of employed wireless frequency serious interference unavoidably,
Wireless sensor network management method of the present invention also comprises:
S140) AFH comprises that wireless chaining status perception, wireless frequency are selected and wireless frequency switches; Can find and avoid interference channel fast by AFH of the present invention.
Further, described AFH comprises:
S141) wireless chaining status perception: determine by network state limiting time inner conversion number of times, set thresholding when this number of times surpasses, think that the current wireless Link State is relatively poor, can carry out frequency hopping, otherwise stay at current wireless frequency.Described limiting time and number of transitions thresholding are according to the practical application setting;
S142) wireless frequency is selected: getting rid of current the interference under the frequency prerequisite, select link-quality preferably in available frequency.It is less that described link-quality is preferably place frequency energy scan result;
S143) wireless frequency switches: wireless telegon switches frequency and chooses under the new frequency situation determining, notice the whole network carries out frequency and switches, and each wireless device switches to new frequency according to setting-up time and works in the network.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial technical effects:
1, the networking management method of the present invention's employing, the networking by the user controls new equipment has solved the authentication question between heterogeneous networks.The general identical wireless sensor network of type is distinguished by network number, and new wireless device is used one of difficult point such as (as Smart Home) at the wireless sensor network that is selected to network-intensive of unknown situation lower network, the present invention is by the networking management method of human intervention, by networking first being set and going into net state again, the network that efficiently solves the letter wireless device is distinguished problem simultaneously.
2, the method for the present invention by adopting dynamic network to safeguard, the network state of each wireless device in the real-time servicing network, the user can grasp each wireless device of network at any time whether at net, each wireless device is mutual to be convenient to the user better and in the network, adopt the network method that moves back of initiatively passive combination simultaneously, realize more the wireless sensor network management of flexibility and reliability ground, for the user provides more convenient, wireless network management efficiently.
3, the AFH method of using among the present invention is for the user realizes that radio communication provides foundation reliably in the wireless environment of complexity.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is principle assumption diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the simple networking structure figure of four types of equipment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is network state switching flow figure of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is networking management flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is wireless device network Dynamic Maintenance flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is AFH flow chart of the present invention.
Among Fig. 2,1 is wireless telegon, and 2 is wireless router, and 3 is wireless terminal, and 4 is mobile radio terminal, and solid line is Radio Link, and dotted line is potential Radio Link.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, reliable wireless sensor network management method of the present invention comprises the network state switching, management, network Dynamic Maintenance and the several aspects of AFH network.
The wireless device that the method for the invention relates to comprises wireless telegon, wireless router, wireless terminal and mobile radio terminal as shown in Figure 2.
Wireless telegon is concentrating equipment in the network, is responsible for centralized management and the maintenance of the network information, and wireless telegon is unique in same network.The child node that links to each other with wireless telegon can also can be wireless terminal or mobile radio terminal for wireless router.
Wireless router is network trunk equipment, is responsible for setting up the wireless sensor network backbone network, has network management capabilities simultaneously.Wireless router both can directly link to each other with wireless telegon, also can be connected to wireless telegon by other wireless routers, and simultaneously wireless router can provide the communication link that leads to wireless telegon for wireless terminal and mobile radio terminal.
Wireless terminal is low-consumption wireless module in the network, for the wireless device that the low-power consumption demand is arranged provides wireless service.Wireless terminal can only link to each other with wireless router or wireless telegon, becomes the leaf node in the wireless network, and wireless terminal does not have routing function.
Mobile radio terminal is a class particular terminal equipment in the network, only can find network under special circumstances fast and data directly are uploaded to wireless telegon.Mobile radio terminal can only link to each other with wireless telegon or wireless router.Mobile radio terminal is mainly used in some the special mobile devices in the wireless network, as remote controller, and handheld device etc.
Figure 3 shows that the wireless device network stateful switchover process, comprise the steps:
Step 201: under the user intervention situation, begin the stateful switchover process that networks, go into net state and switch and to comprise and allow to network-forbid networking; Forbid networking-allow to network;
Step 202: what user intervention was at first made response is wireless telegon, switches to user's solicited status according to the user intervention situation with self going into net state;
Step 203: after wireless telegon is finished the oneself state switching, the new net state of going into is broadcasted away, comprise new networking state information in the broadcasting packet;
Step 204: the wireless router of receiving broadcasting switches oneself state according to the networking state information of receiving;
Step 205: finish the wireless router that switches into net state and transmit the broadcasting packet of receiving that has the networking state information;
Step 206: other routers are receiving that the broadcasting packet that has the networking state information forwards step 203 to, and all wireless routers all switch and self go into net state to new state in network.Certainly in order to prevent that broadcasting packet from spreading unchecked, broadcasting packet has broadcast sequence number in this method, only handles once for the same sequence number broadcasting packet.
Can limit the adding of wireless device by the switching of going into net state, Fig. 4 is wireless device networking management process flow chart, comprises the steps:
Step 301: the work beginning, wireless device powers on and finishes initialization;
Step 302: the wireless device request adds network, and the wireless device here comprises wireless router and wireless terminal;
Step 303: wireless device judges at first whether self networks first, if then change step 307 over to, otherwise change step 304 over to, the node networking form respective flag that still networks again for networking first is stored among the Flash, if successfully added network and equipment before this not by hand-reset, respective flag position 1, otherwise zero clearing.Wireless device powers at every turn and all can inquire about this sign, to determine this networking form;
Step 304: the wireless device of Ru Wanging need be judged the network that can find in the scan period to go into originally again, changes step 305 over to if find, otherwise changes step 308 over to;
Step 305: the wireless device that networks again after searching the network number identical with storage networking, directly adds network, and need not to judge whether network is in allows into net state.Wireless device only allows can add network under the net state selecting network to be in for networking first;
Step 306: networking is finished wireless device and is judged whether self is wireless router, if judged result changes step 311 over to, otherwise changes step 310 over to for denying that wireless device need not enter low-power consumption mode;
Step 307: network access mode is the node that networks first, needs judge whether selected network is in allows into net state, if change step 304 over to, otherwise changes step 308 over to;
Step 308: it is not unconfined that wireless device attempt to network, and when continuous trial networking number of times surpasses certain number of times restriction, it is overtime to be considered as networking, if the overtime judgement that networks is set up then changed step 309 over to, otherwise changes step 302 over to;
Step 309: the overtime node that networks need judge whether it is wireless router, if then change step 302 over to, otherwise changes step 311 over to;
Step 310: when the wireless device of finishing when adding is wireless router, enter wait state, the monitoring wireless network is waited for new task;
Step 311: when equipment is that non-wireless router is finished to add or add and will be entered low-power consumption work after overtime, just resting state, wake-up waiting according to demand.
Add the process of the network construction that network characterizes, the Dynamic Maintenance of network is accompanied by the overall process that network exists, and the network Dynamic Maintenance mainly comprises the steps: in the flow process of father node end as shown in Figure 5
Step 401: wait state is to describe telegon and wireless router residing state when not having task, after finishing network construction, telegon enters wait state, the wait new task arrives, and wireless router adds again also can enter wait state, i.e. step 310 after finishing;
Step 402: the wireless device that is in wait state at first enters step 403 and judges behind the wireless message of receiving from its child node;
Step 403: the wireless device of receiving wireless message judges that at first this message whether from its child node, if then change step 404 over to, otherwise changes step 401 over to;
Step 404: if the wireless message of receiving is initiatively withdrawing from message then changing step 406 over to of child node, otherwise change step 405 over to;
Step 405: receiving child node other messages except withdrawing from message, illustrate that node is in active state.Further judge that whether other child nodes have the overtime node of not receiving message, if change step 406 over to, otherwise change step 401 over to.Here need to prove to judge child node whether judge by the overtime timing cycle that can use, described hereinly after receiving the wireless message of child node, judge just for convenience;
Step 406: wireless device will satisfy the child node of moving back the net condition to be deleted from its neighbor table and child node table, changes step 407 over to;
Step 407: wireless router needs deletion information is reported wireless telegon after its child node of deletion, changes step 401 over to after reporting.What need here to replenish a bit is, child node if can't carry out message interaction with father node within a certain period of time then think that its father node lost efficacy, will rescan and select suitable father node to add network except initiatively exitting network.
Although safeguarding, dynamic network can make the real-time awareness network changes of topology structure of wireless telegon, because uncertainty and the complexity of wireless communications environment, wireless network runs into the situation of employed wireless frequency serious interference unavoidably, can find and avoid interference channel fast by AFH of the present invention, its main implementation comprises the steps: as shown in Figure 6
Step 501: it mainly is that the current use frequency of wireless sensor network communication conditions is detected that current frequency detects, can detect by the real-time packet success rate, no matter also can infer by network topology structure dynamic change situation in a period of time, be which kind of method to change step 502 over to through after certain judgement with;
Step 502: if but change step 503 by the disturbed condition of judging current use frequency over to above tolerance range, otherwise change step 501 over to;
Step 503: before carrying out frequency hopping, wireless telegon is scanning and definite idle wireless frequency from the available wireless frequency at first, the wireless channel energy scan is generally adopted in the selection of idle wireless frequency, select the wireless frequency of energy scan minimum to use as new frequency, change step 504 over to after wireless frequency chooses;
Step 504: wireless telegon is after determining good new frequency, and by the wireless device in the frequency hopping broadcast announcement network, and the certain back that postpones of process uses new frequency to work on.Here it is emphasized that owing to disturb the frequency radio link quality relatively poor, frequency hopping broadcasting may not necessarily can arrive each radio node, in such cases, can't will initiatively break away from network with his father's node communication in the wireless device discovery certain hour, rescan and add network, all change the wireless sensor network at new frequency place until all nodes over to.
The present invention is not limited to above-described embodiment, and wireless sensor network management specific implementation technology can be used flexibly according to actual conditions, is not limited to the present invention, and for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and variation.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of making, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a reliable wireless sensor network management method is characterized in that, relates to four types of equipment in the described method: wireless telegon, wireless router, wireless terminal, mobile radio terminal;
Wireless telegon is the concentrating equipment in the network, is responsible for centralized management and the maintenance of the network information, and wireless telegon is unique in same network;
Wireless router is network trunk equipment, is responsible for setting up the wireless sensor network backbone network, has network management capabilities simultaneously; Wireless router is forwarded to telegon as routing device in the network with the wireless terminal device data, safeguards the wireless terminal child node relevant with wireless router, real-time servicing network topology structure simultaneously;
Wireless terminal is low-consumption wireless module in the network, for the equipment that the wireless low-power consumption demand is arranged provides wireless service; Wireless terminal directly links to each other with wireless router or wireless telegon, and as the leaf node in the wireless network, wireless terminal does not have routing function;
Mobile radio terminal is found network and data directly is uploaded to wireless telegon in moving process;
Described method comprises:
S110) network state is switched, and is allowing net state and is forbidding switching between net state according to user's request;
S120) networking management, the wireless device of waiting to network is initiated network sweep, is divided into according to the difference of going into network process networking first and networking again;
S130) network Dynamic Maintenance comprises periodic active maintenance and towards the passive maintenance of child node, child node is initiated initiatively to move back net in the active maintenance process, and realizes the passive net that moves back of child node in passive maintenance process;
Described network state switching comprises following steps:
S111) described wireless telegon comprises command triggers allowing into net state and forbidding initiatively being initiated by the user into the switching of net state; After powering on, wireless telegon is in the user command state of waiting for, the user sends the instruction and forbid the order that networks of allowing to network by button or touch-screen to wireless telegon, and wireless telegon according to user command current whether permission of wireless router broadcasting in the network networks;
S112) described wireless router only after networking is finished, allows to switch into net state with forbidding into net state, and this state switches with wireless telegon synchronous;
Described networking management comprises following content:
S121) described network sweep should travel through all available wireless frequencies, and basis signal quality and go into net state and select optimal network to add; If there is not available network, then proceed scanning, scanning surpasses certain number of times and then carries out dormancy scanning, namely rescans behind the dormancy certain hour, if still there is not available network, repeats above-mentioned dormancy and scanning process;
S122) describedly go into net state and comprise and go into net state first, namely do not add any wireless network, and go into net state again, namely added wireless network before this; The node of Ru Wanging is the new wireless device of user's interpolation first, and the wireless device of Ru Wanging re-powers the equipment of networking for having added network before this behind power down or the active off-grid again;
S123) step S122 is described is in when going into net state first when equipment, networks to select to be in the wireless telegon or the wireless router that allow into net state and add, and when equipment is in when going into net state again, the network of selecting to have added that networks directly networks; Be in the wireless device of going into net state again and can only select the network that added, only under the situation of factory reset, just reselect network as new wireless device;
Described network Dynamic Maintenance comprises following content:
S131) described active maintenance is that child node periodically sends the KeepAlive message to father node, father node with this message determine child node at net state;
S132) described passive maintenance is whether father node is regularly inquired about its child node and had the KeepAlive message to upload, and does not upload if surpass certain hour, thinks that then this node has moved back net;
S133) father node is wireless telegon or wireless router among step S131 and the S132, and child node is wireless router or wireless terminal;
S134) described wireless device initiatively moves back net, and when human intervention or wireless device running down of battery situation occurring, equipment initiatively exits network to its father node application, and father node reports wireless telegon unified management after confirming;
S135) the passive net that moves back of described wireless device, when wireless device occurs being forced to deviated from network unusually, its father node finds that this wireless device has moved back net, and father node reports wireless telegon unified management after confirming, and its concrete discovery procedure is with reference to S132;
S136) described mobile radio terminal does not need to participate in the network operation process.
2. according to the described reliable wireless sensor network management method of claim 1, it is characterized in that, also comprise that S140) AFH comprises that wireless chaining status perception, wireless frequency are selected and wireless frequency switches.
3. according to the described reliable wireless sensor network management method of claim 2, it is characterized in that described AFH comprises following content:
S141) described wireless chaining status perception determines by the number of times of network in the internal state conversion of scanning constant time, sets thresholding when this number of times surpasses, and thinks that the current wireless Link State is relatively poor, carries out frequency hopping, otherwise stays at current wireless frequency; Described limiting time and number of transitions thresholding are according to the practical application setting;
S142) described wireless frequency is selected, and is getting rid of current the interference under the frequency prerequisite, selects link-quality preferably in available frequency; It is less that described link-quality is preferably place frequency energy scan result;
S143) described wireless frequency switches, and wireless telegon needs to switch frequency and finishes and select under the new frequency situation determining, notice the whole network carries out frequency and switches, and each wireless device switches to new frequency according to setting-up time and works in the network.
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| CN103813372B (en) * | 2014-02-19 | 2017-04-05 | 重庆邮电大学 | A kind of wireless sensor network management method based on IPv6 |
| CN103957232A (en) * | 2014-03-26 | 2014-07-30 | 北京利和顺达电子有限公司 | Method for terminal of Internet of Things to communicate with Internet host |
| CN105323871A (en) * | 2014-07-30 | 2016-02-10 | 西安拓蓝电子科技有限公司 | Wireless network ad hoc system and method thereof |
| US9881072B2 (en) * | 2014-08-14 | 2018-01-30 | McAFEE, LLC. | Dynamic feature set management |
| CN106304260B (en) * | 2015-05-18 | 2019-10-01 | 美的集团股份有限公司 | The method and apparatus that ZigBee-network is added |
| CN106441546A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-22 | 上海测振自动化仪器有限公司 | Wireless vibration sensor based on frequency hopping technology and detection method thereof |
| CN106714291B (en) * | 2016-12-10 | 2020-01-07 | 温州大学 | ZigBee-based signal power automatic adjusting method |
| CN107124720A (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2017-09-01 | 华东交通大学 | LAN broadcast's method of network entry based on button |
| CN110392383B (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2022-10-14 | 重庆金美通信有限责任公司 | Parameter self-adjusting method based on wireless network equipment |
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