CN102832614A - Robust optimizing method for power generation plan under uncertain environment - Google Patents
Robust optimizing method for power generation plan under uncertain environment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a robust optimizing method for a power generation plan under an uncertain environment. Uncertain parameters are determined according to the overall requirements in the power generation plan compilation under the uncertain environment; an uncertain optimization model of a power generation plan is established by using robust optimization; uncertain optimization problems are converted into definite optimization problems; an adjustable middle variable result is calculated; and an active power of an ordinary power generation set is resolved so as to generate the result of the power generation plan ultimately. According to the robust optimizing method for the power generation plan under the uncertain environment, the robust optimization is applied to the power generation plan in which the uncertainty is considered; the power generation plane obtained by the optimization is adaptive to all possible operation scenes in an uncertain set and has an extremely strong robust property, thus the engineering can be realized conveniently.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the dispatching automation of electric power systems technical field, be specifically related to the robust Optimization of generation schedule under a kind of uncertain environment.
Background technology
In recent years, along with country to the intelligent grid requirements on Construction, intelligent scheduling has obtained fast development; Generation schedule is the important step of intelligent scheduling, and reasonably the generation schedule arrangement is prerequisite and the basic means that guarantee the power grid security economical operation, and the key content of generation schedule is the start and stop optimization of generating set and the distribution of exerting oneself; Divide from sequential; In the cycle a few days ago, optimize the startup-shutdown scheme, satisfy the system reliability demand; In real-time period; Optimize the meritorious plan of unit, satisfy real-time workload demand, the method for traditional generation schedule is the certainty optimization problem; Promptly based on the reliability of power supply and the predictability of load; Adopt security constraint unit combination (SCUC) and security constraint economic dispatch (SCED) technology, take all factors into consideration the fail safe and the economy of dispatching of power netwoks, realize the combined optimization of generating set start-stop, exert oneself distribution, power grid security.For the certainty optimization problem, no matter target function or constraint function, its structure and parameter are all confirmed.
Yet; In service in practical power systems; Exist the introducing of a large amount of uncertain factors and uncertain parameters bring new challenge can for the formulation of the generation schedule of electrical network; Uncertainty in the power system operation mainly is divided into two types: the inaccurate and operational outfit of information of forecasting unreliable, and the error of information of forecasting often has continuous character, comprises the uncertain etc. of load, generated output; The unreliable of operational outfit then can produce discrete event usually; Existence such as the situation such as stoppage in transit of generator and transmission line; In the certainty optimization method; After practical problem was carried out the certainty modeling, given optimal solution was difficult to effectively adapt to the uncertain factor in the actual environment, thereby can't continue to carry out.
Along with the increase of uncertain factor in the operation of power networks, the operation of power networks environment presents the trend of mobilism more, and the current technological means that addresses this problem mainly is through increasing the reserve capacity in the generation schedule compilation process; And depend on the operation of Real-Time Scheduling, and deal with the uncertain problem of being brought of operation of power networks, Real-Time Scheduling operation wherein mainly comprises emergent behaves such as adopting quick starter-generator group, cutting load; But the starter-generator group can produce higher cost of electricity-generating fast; Outage in the overlay area that cutting load can cause then can bring tremendous influence to people's life, therefore; In the face of the uncertain factor in the operation of power networks; Press for and in the generation schedule compilation process, consider various uncertainties, obtain the stronger generation schedule scheme of adaptability, reduce the risk of real time execution.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention solved is to overcome in the prior art in the electric network intelligent scheduling generation schedule in the face of the uncertain factor in the operation of power networks; Adopt quick starter-generator group can produce higher cost of electricity-generating; Adopt cutting load can bring the problem of tremendous influence to people's life, the robust Optimization of generation schedule is applied to consider probabilistic generation schedule with Robust Optimal under the uncertain environment provided by the invention; Optimize the generation schedule that obtains; Can adapt to the scene of might moving in the uncertain set of electrical network, have very strong robustness, be convenient to Project Realization.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention adopted is:
The robust Optimization of generation schedule under a kind of uncertain environment is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps,
Step (1) is confirmed each uncertain parameter of generation schedule Optimization Model
Based on the general requirement of generating planning down of uncertain environment, analyze the enchancement factor under the uncertain environment, confirm each the uncertain parameter in the generation schedule Optimization Model, and obtain the fluctuation constant interval of each uncertain parameter;
Step (2) is set up the uncertain Optimization Model of generation schedule
The fluctuation constant interval of each uncertain parameter that the uncertain set description step of boxlike (1) in the employing Robust Optimal theory is obtained; And the electric network model of combination actual electric network; Consider the constraint of electric power system balance, conventional power generation usage unit operation constraint, power grid security constraint and practicability constraint, set up the uncertain Optimization Model of generation schedule;
Step (3) transforms the uncertain optimization problem of uncertain Optimization Model
Employing can be adjusted Robust Optimal; Conventional power generation usage unit in the uncertain Optimization Model of the generation schedule force parameter of gaining merit is set to adjustable variables; Conventional power generation usage unit start and stop state is set to non-adjustable integer variable; The uncertain Optimization Model of the generation schedule of setting up is carried out adjusting robust equality is transformed, thereby uncertain optimization problem is converted into definite optimization problem;
Step (4) is calculated and is confirmed adjustable intermediate variable result in the optimization problem
Adopt the mixed integer programming algorithm, definite optimization problem that solution procedure (3) obtains calculates the start and stop state and the adjustable intermediate variable result of conventional power generation usage unit day part in dispatching cycle;
Step (5) is found the solution the meritorious of conventional power generation usage unit and is exerted oneself
The adjustable intermediate variable result who obtains according to step (4); Calculate the meritorious linearized expression of exerting oneself of conventional power generation usage unit; To each occurrence in the fluctuation constant interval of each uncertain parameter of step (1); Through this linearized expression, solve meritorious the exerting oneself of conventional power generation usage unit of correspondence;
Step (6) generates the result of generation schedule
The conventional power generation usage unit that each occurrence in the fluctuation constant interval of each uncertain parameter that solves according to step (5) is corresponding is meritorious exerts oneself and conventional power generation usage unit start and stop state of day part in dispatching cycle that step (3) calculates combines, and generates the result who adapts to the generation schedule of each uncertain parameter in the constant interval that fluctuates.
The robust Optimization of generation schedule under aforesaid a kind of uncertain environment; It is characterized in that: the enchancement factor under the said uncertain environment of step (1) comprises the fluctuation of batch (-type) energy generated output, load prediction deviation and interregional exchange variable power; According to the enchancement factor under the uncertain environment, the uncertain parameters in the generation schedule Optimization Model that step (1) is confirmed comprises batch (-type) energy generated output, load prediction and interregional exchange power.
The robust Optimization of generation schedule under aforesaid a kind of uncertain environment is characterized in that: the said adjustable intermediate variable result of step (3) is two.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1) in power system operation; The probability distribution of various uncertain factors is difficult to accurate acquisition; Generation schedule of the present invention adopts robust Optimization only to need the fluctuation range of uncertain parameter, and does not need scene or accurate probability distribution, in practical application, has very strong operability;
What 2) generation schedule employing robust Optimization of the present invention was stressed is hard constraint; For each the possible situation in the uncertain set; The optimal robustness generation schedule can both satisfy all constraints; The result of this generation schedule remains feasibility, thereby makes the intelligent grid scheduling more reliable;
3) according to the meritorious linearized expression of exerting oneself of conventional power generation usage unit; Can adjust according to the actual value of each uncertain parameter, fully adapt to probabilistic each possible case, make generation schedule satisfy robustness and optimality simultaneously; Optimizing process does not need the accurate probability distribution of enchancement factor; Can be widely used in considering helping the safety and economic operation of electrical network in the generation schedule establishment of all kinds of uncertain factors, have a good application prospect.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the realization flow figure of the robust Optimization of generation schedule under the uncertain environment of inventing.
Embodiment
To combine Figure of description below, the present invention will be further described.
As shown in Figure 1, generation schedule robust Optimization under the uncertain environment of the present invention specifically may further comprise the steps,
The first step is confirmed each uncertain parameter of generation schedule Optimization Model
According to the general requirement of generating planning down of uncertain environment; Analyze the enchancement factor under the uncertain environment; Confirm each the uncertain parameter in the generation schedule Optimization Model; And obtain the fluctuation constant interval of each uncertain parameter, the enchancement factor under the wherein uncertain environment comprises the fluctuation of batch (-type) energy generated output, load prediction deviation and interregional exchange variable power, according to the enchancement factor under the uncertain environment; Uncertain parameters in the generation schedule Optimization Model of confirming comprises batch (-type) energy generated output, load prediction and interregional exchange power, and for example uncertain parameter is p
i, the nominal value of this parameter does
Border σ
iMake real parameter p
iValue be between a uncertain region
Interior fluctuation changes;
Second goes on foot, and sets up the uncertain Optimization Model of generation schedule
The fluctuation constant interval of each uncertain parameter that the uncertain set description first step of boxlike in the employing Robust Optimal theory is obtained; And the electric network model of combination actual electric network; Consider the constraint of electric power system balance, conventional power generation usage unit operation constraint, power grid security constraint and practicability constraint, set up the uncertain Optimization Model of generation schedule;
The 3rd step, the uncertain optimization problem of the uncertain Optimization Model of conversion generation schedule
Employing can be adjusted Robust Optimal; Conventional power generation usage unit in the uncertain Optimization Model of the generation schedule force parameter of gaining merit is set to adjustable variables; Conventional power generation usage unit start and stop state is set to non-adjustable integer variable; The uncertain Optimization Model of the generation schedule of setting up is carried out adjusting robust equality is transformed, thereby uncertain optimization problem is converted into deterministic optimization problem;
In the 4th step, calculate adjustable intermediate variable result
Adopt the mixed integer programming algorithm, find the solution definite optimization problem of the uncertain Optimization Model of generation schedule of the 3rd step acquisition, calculate start and stop state and two adjustable intermediate variable results of conventional power generation usage unit day part in dispatching cycle;
In the 5th step, find the solution the meritorious of conventional power generation usage unit and exert oneself
Go on foot two adjustable intermediate variable results that obtain based on the 4th; Calculate the meritorious linearized expression of exerting oneself of conventional power generation usage unit; To each occurrence in the fluctuation constant interval of each uncertain parameter of the first step; Through this linearized expression, solve meritorious the exerting oneself of conventional power generation usage unit of correspondence;
The 6th step, the result of generation generation schedule
Through combining the start and stop state of the meritorious conventional power generation usage unit day part in dispatching cycle that calculates with the 3rd step of exerting oneself of the corresponding conventional power generation usage unit of each occurrence that the 5th step solved in the fluctuation constant interval of each uncertain parameter; Generate the result who adapts to the generation schedule of each uncertain parameter in the fluctuation constant interval, wherein the result of generation schedule comprises the start and stop state and meritorious the exerting oneself of many group conventional power generation usage units of conventional power generation usage unit day part in dispatching cycle.
Below in conjunction with a preferred case study on implementation, promptly adopt the electrical network generation schedule Robust Optimal process a few days ago of a load prediction error of consideration of the inventive method:
1) at electrical network a few days ago in the generation schedule optimizing process; According to requirement forecasting next day, consider various constraintss such as the constraint of electric power system balance, generating set operation constraint, operation of power networks constraint, optimize generating set combination plan next day and the plan of exerting oneself in the establishment; The period of generation schedule is spaced apart 15 minutes a few days ago; Optimize the establishment scope and be 96 periods of next day between the 00:15-24:00, consider the power system load prediction deviation, then the uncertain parameters in the generation schedule Optimization Model is the system loading prediction; Can obtain the load prediction data from prognoses system, obtain the interval of load fluctuation simultaneously;
2) the uncertain set of boxlike in the employing Robust Optimal theory, the random fluctuation constant interval of system loading prediction D (t) in the establishment of description generation schedule is according to the electric network model of actual electric network; Consider the constraint of electric power system balance, conventional power generation usage unit operation constraint, power grid security constraint and the constraint of various practicability; Set up the uncertain Optimization Model of generation schedule, the system load prediction of setting up departments is D (t), is limited to U (t) on the interval of its fluctuation; Be limited to L (t) under interval, the generation schedule planning model is:
Target function:
Constraints:
(u,p,r)∈S （4）
L(t)≤D(t)≤U(t) （5）
Wherein: formula (2) is the meritorious balance equality constraint of system; Formula (3) is system's spinning reserve constraint; Formula (4) is the constraint of optimization variable feasible set; Formula (5) is the uncertain set of system loading prediction, f
It(u
It) be generating set i at start and the unloaded cost of t period,
Be little cost that increases, u
I, t{ 0,1} is generating set i at the start and stop state of t period, p to ∈
ItBe the meritorious output of generating set i in the t period, r
ItBe the spinning reserve that provide of generating set i in the t period, Q
tStand-by requirement for the t period; S is a feasible set;
3) employing can be adjusted Robust Optimal, and the meritorious p that exerts oneself of conventional power generation usage unit in the uncertain Optimization Model of generation schedule is set
ItBe adjustable variables, conventional power generation usage unit start and stop state u
I, tFor non-adjustable integer variable, to 2) the uncertain Optimization Model of generation schedule set up carries out adjusting robust equality transformed, and uncertain optimization problem is converted into deterministic optimization problem, can adjust the Robust Optimal model to be:
Target function,
Wherein, U is the uncertain set of system loading prediction, and d is the instantiation in the uncertain set, f
It(u
It) be generating set i at start and the unloaded cost of t period,
For generating set i in the t period the little cost that increases corresponding to instance d, u
I, t{ 0,1} is generating set i at the start and stop state of t period, p to ∈
ItBe the meritorious output of generating set i in the t period;
The constraints of constraints and generation schedule planning model be consistent into,
(u,p,r)∈S
L(t)≤D(t)≤U(t)
Can see unit union variable u thus
ItTherefore considered all possible load condition in the uncertain set, combined result still keeps feasibility, is robust, the generating set variable p that exerts oneself
ItBe expressed as the functional form of uncertain parameter, can adjust, fully adapt to probabilistic each possible case according to the actual value of uncertain data;
4) adopt the mixed integer programming algorithm; Ask 3) the certainty optimization problem that obtains; Calculate the start and stop state of conventional power generation usage unit day part in dispatching cycle; And two adjustable intermediate variable results, wherein the intermediate variable of these two optimums depends on the fluctuation section definition of load prediction, and irrelevant with concrete load prediction value;
5) based on reaching two adjustable intermediate variable results; Obtain to calculate the meritorious linearized expression of exerting oneself of conventional power generation usage unit; To each occurrence in the load fluctuation constant interval,, try to achieve meritorious the exerting oneself of conventional power generation usage unit of correspondence through this linearized expression;
6) generate the result can adapt to the generation schedule that uncertain parameters changes between the wave zone, the result of generation schedule comprises that the start and stop state of conventional power generation usage unit day part is gained merit with the interior corresponding conventional power generation usage unit of each occurrence of load fluctuation constant interval and exerts oneself.
More than show and described basic principle of the present invention, principal character and advantage.The technical staff of the industry should understand; The present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; That describes in the foregoing description and the specification just explains principle of the present invention; Under the prerequisite that does not break away from spirit and scope of the invention, the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these variations and improvement all fall in the scope of the invention that requires protection.The present invention requires protection range to be defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (3)
1. the robust Optimization of generation schedule under the uncertain environment is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps,
Step (1) is confirmed each uncertain parameter of generation schedule Optimization Model
Based on the general requirement of generating planning down of uncertain environment, analyze the enchancement factor under the uncertain environment, confirm each the uncertain parameter in the generation schedule Optimization Model, and obtain the fluctuation constant interval of each uncertain parameter;
Step (2) is set up the uncertain Optimization Model of generation schedule
The fluctuation constant interval of each uncertain parameter that the uncertain set description step of boxlike (1) in the employing Robust Optimal theory is obtained; And the electric network model of combination actual electric network; Consider the constraint of electric power system balance, conventional power generation usage unit operation constraint, power grid security constraint and practicability constraint, set up the uncertain Optimization Model of generation schedule;
Step (3) transforms the uncertain optimization problem of uncertain Optimization Model
Employing can be adjusted Robust Optimal; Conventional power generation usage unit in the uncertain Optimization Model of the generation schedule force parameter of gaining merit is set to adjustable variables; Conventional power generation usage unit start and stop state is set to non-adjustable integer variable; The uncertain Optimization Model of the generation schedule of setting up is carried out adjusting robust equality is transformed, thereby uncertain optimization problem is converted into definite optimization problem;
Step (4) is calculated and is confirmed adjustable intermediate variable result in the optimization problem
Adopt the mixed integer programming algorithm, definite optimization problem that solution procedure (3) obtains calculates the start and stop state and the adjustable intermediate variable result of conventional power generation usage unit day part in dispatching cycle;
Step (5) is found the solution the meritorious of conventional power generation usage unit and is exerted oneself
The adjustable intermediate variable result who obtains according to step (4); Calculate the meritorious linearized expression of exerting oneself of conventional power generation usage unit; To each occurrence in the fluctuation constant interval of each uncertain parameter of step (1); Through this linearized expression, solve meritorious the exerting oneself of conventional power generation usage unit of correspondence;
Step (6) generates the result of generation schedule
The conventional power generation usage unit that each occurrence in the fluctuation constant interval of each uncertain parameter that solves according to step (5) is corresponding is meritorious exerts oneself and conventional power generation usage unit start and stop state of day part in dispatching cycle that step (3) calculates combines, and generates the result who adapts to the generation schedule of each uncertain parameter in the constant interval that fluctuates.
2. the robust Optimization of generation schedule under a kind of uncertain environment according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the enchancement factor under the said uncertain environment of step (1) comprises the fluctuation of batch (-type) energy generated output, load prediction deviation and interregional exchange variable power; According to the enchancement factor under the uncertain environment, the uncertain parameters in the generation schedule Optimization Model that step (1) is confirmed comprises batch (-type) energy generated output, load prediction and interregional exchange power.
3. the robust Optimization of generation schedule under a kind of uncertain environment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the said adjustable intermediate variable result of step (3) is two.
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