Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention will solve is that big, the relatively poor defective of wave penetrate capability of above-mentioned loss to prior art provides low-loss electromagnetic wave transparent material and radome thereof and antenna system.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: construct a kind of low-loss electromagnetic wave transparent material; Comprise first substrate and second substrate processed by nonmetallic materials; And be folded in the metal level between first substrate and second substrate; Engrave a plurality of three bifurcate slot structures on the said metal level with three bifurcateds, three bifurcateds of said three bifurcate slot structures altogether end points and each other angle be the obtuse angle.
In low-loss electromagnetic wave transparent material of the present invention, said low-loss electromagnetic wave transparent material also comprises second metal micro structure and the 3rd metal micro structure that is covered in a plurality of array arrangements of said second outer surface of substrate of a plurality of array arrangements that are covered in said first outer surface of substrate.
In low-loss electromagnetic wave transparent material of the present invention, said second metal micro structure is three bifurcated metal micro structures, three bifurcateds of said three bifurcated metal micro structures altogether end points and each other angle be the obtuse angle.
In low-loss electromagnetic wave transparent material of the present invention, said the 3rd metal micro structure is identical with the shape and size of second metal micro structure.
In low-loss electromagnetic wave transparent material of the present invention, said three bifurcated metal micro structures are corresponding with the position of said three bifurcate slot structures between first substrate and second substrate in the position of first outer surface of substrate.
In low-loss electromagnetic wave transparent material of the present invention, said three bifurcate slot structures are row, are that the mode that row and line space equal column pitch is periodically arranged to become 60 directions spent with said symmetry axis with the direction at the symmetry axis of its arbitrary bifurcated place.
In low-loss electromagnetic wave transparent material of the present invention, said three bifurcated metal micro structures are row, are that the mode that row and line space equal column pitch is periodically arranged to become 60 directions spent with said symmetry axis with the direction at the symmetry axis of its arbitrary bifurcated place.
In low-loss electromagnetic wave transparent material of the present invention, the dielectric constant of said first substrate and said second substrate is 2.65, and loss tangent is 0.001.
The present invention also provides a kind of radome, is used to be located at antenna, comprises aforesaid low-loss electromagnetic wave transparent material.
The present invention also provides a kind of antenna system, comprises antenna and aforesaid radome, and said radome covers on the antenna.
The technical scheme of embodiment of the present invention has following beneficial effect: through on substrate, adhering to the metal micro structure of given shape, obtain the electromagnetic response of needs, make the wave penetrate capability of radome strengthen, antijamming capability increases.Can be through regulating shape, the size of metal micro structure; Change relative dielectric constant, refractive index and the impedance of material; Thereby realize impedance matching with air; To increase the transmission of incident electromagnetic wave to greatest extent, reduced traditional antenna and be covered with the restriction of timing material thickness and dielectric constant.Low-loss electromagnetic wave transparent material of the present invention and radome thereof and antenna system can be operated in X-band, in this wave band to pass through weave efficiency very high.After antenna added radome, the radianting capacity of antenna had obtained reinforcement, had effectively improved gain.
And, can change the bandwidth of the working frequency range of electromagnetic wave transparent material, radome and antenna system through the size of regulating three bifurcate slot structures and three bifurcated metal micro structures.
Embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of low-loss electromagnetic wave transparent material; As shown in Figure 1; Comprise first substrate 10 and second substrate 20 processed by nonmetallic materials; And be folded in the metal level between first substrate 10 and second substrate 20, three bifurcateds engraving a plurality of three bifurcate slot structures, 31, three bifurcate slot structures 31 with three bifurcateds on the metal level altogether end points and each other angle be the obtuse angle.It is understandable that the number of three bifurcate slot structures 31 shown in the Figure of description is merely signal, be used to explain the situation of arranging between the artificial micro-structural, not as limitation of the present invention.
The material of making substrate has multiple choices; For example pottery, FR4, F4B (polytetrafluoroethylene), HDPE (high density polyethylene (HDPE), High Density Polyethylene), ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene), ferroelectric material or ferromagnetic material etc.First substrate 10, second substrate, 20 preferred dielectric constants are 2.65, and loss angle tangent is 0.001 material.
In an embodiment of the present invention, three bifurcateds of three bifurcate slot structures 31 angle each other are 120 degree, also can be unequal obtuse angle, for example are respectively 100 degree, 120 degree, 140 degree, 110 degree, 120 degree, 130 degree, or the like.The end of three bifurcateds of three bifurcate slot structures 31 can be arc, for example semi arch, elliptic arc etc.
Three bifurcate slot structures 31 are arranged on the substrate, and its arrangement mode has multiple, and common arranges like rectangular array, promptly are row, are row with the direction perpendicular to this direction that with arbitrary direction arranging according to certain line space and column pitch gets final product.
Among the present invention, the design feature of three bifurcate slot structures 31 self designs a kind of new periodicity arrangement mode.Like Fig. 2, shown in 3.Three bifurcate slot structures 31 are row (note is made the x direction), are that row (note is made the y direction) are periodically arranged and line space (the same central point O of adjacent two three bifurcate slot structures 31, the distance between the O3 of listing; remember and make ⊿ y) equals column pitch (with the central point O of adjacent two three bifurcate slot structures 31 in the delegation, the distance between the O3, remember and make ⊿ x) with the direction that becomes 60 degree with this symmetry axis with the direction at the symmetry axis of its arbitrary bifurcated place.Can know by Fig. 3 that then the line formation acute angle that central point O, O1, O2, the O3 of four the three bifurcate slot structures 31 that adjacent two row, adjacent two list is 60 rhombus quadrangle at 4.Adopt this arrangement mode, can utilize the space of the substrate surface three bifurcate slot structures 31 of arranging as far as possible fully.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation according to the low-loss electromagnetic wave transparent material of another embodiment of the present invention.The low-loss electromagnetic wave transparent material comprises two-layer substrate: first substrate 10 and second substrate 20, and three-layer metal layer 1,2,3.Wherein metal level 1 is metal level shown in Figure 1.Different with Fig. 1 is first substrate 10 and second substrate 20 and metal level in Fig. 1, also to comprise second metal level 2 and the 3rd metal level 3.Second metal level 2 is covered in first substrate, 10 outer surfaces, is made up of second metal micro structure of a plurality of array arrangements.The 3rd metal level 3 is covered in second substrate, 20 outer surfaces, is made up of the 3rd metal micro structure of a plurality of array arrangements.Second, third metal micro structure is the planar structure with certain geometrical pattern that electric conducting material is processed.The electric conducting material here; Can be electric conductivity good metal materials such as gold, silver, copper; Perhaps main component is one or both the alloy material in gold, silver, the copper, also can be the nonmetallic materials that CNT, Al-Doped ZnO, indium tin oxide etc. can conduct electricity.Among the present invention, preferably copper or silver.The thickness of first substrate 10, second substrate 20 is 0.5 ~ 1.5mm.
Second metal micro structure first substrate, 10 outer surfaces arrange and concrete shape is seen Fig. 5, shown in 6.Second metal micro structure be three bifurcated metal micro structures, 32, three bifurcated metal micro structures 32 three bifurcateds altogether end points and each other angle be 120 degree.In an embodiment of the present invention, three bifurcateds of three bifurcated metal micro structures 32 angle each other are 120 degree, also can be unequal obtuse angle, for example are respectively 100 degree, 120 degree, 140 degree, 110 degree, 120 degree, 130 degree, or the like.The end of three bifurcateds of three bifurcated metal micro structures 32 can be arc, for example semi arch, elliptic arc etc.
Similar with the situation of arranging of three bifurcate slot structures 31 mentioned above.Three bifurcated metal micro structures 32 are row (note is made the x direction), are that row (note is made the y direction) are periodically arranged and line space (the same central point O of adjacent two three bifurcated metal micro structures 32, the distance between the O3 of listing; remember and make ⊿ y) equals column pitch (with the central point O of adjacent two three bifurcated metal micro structures 32 in the delegation, the distance between the O3, remember and make ⊿ x) with the direction that becomes 60 degree with this symmetry axis with the direction at the symmetry axis of its arbitrary bifurcated place.Can know by Fig. 6 that then the line formation acute angle that central point O, O1, O2, the O3 of four the three bifurcated metal micro structures 32 that adjacent two row, adjacent two list is 60 rhombus quadrangle at 4.Adopt this arrangement mode, can utilize the space of the substrate surface three bifurcated metal micro structures 32 of arranging as far as possible fully.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the shape and size of the 3rd metal micro structure and second metal micro structure shape and size identical, also be three bifurcated metal micro structures, specifically can be referring to mentioned above.Fig. 7 has provided the arrange sketch map of the 3rd metal level 3 on second substrate 20 shown in Figure 4.
Three bifurcated metal micro structures 32 are corresponding with the position of three bifurcate slot structures 31 between first substrate 10 and second substrate 20 in the position of first substrate, 10 outer surfaces.That is to say, overlook low-loss electromagnetic wave transparent material shown in Figure 4, the center of three bifurcate slot structures 31 on the three-layer metal layer, three bifurcated metal micro structures 32, three bifurcated metal micro structures 33 is corresponding.
According to the working frequency range scope of required electromagnetic wave transparent material or radome, can adjust, the size of three bifurcate slot structures 31, three bifurcated metal micro structures 32,33 and row, column pitch, to meet the different needs with adapting to.
To combine specific embodiment that the effect of low-loss electromagnetic wave transparent material of the present invention is described below.In one embodiment, each parameter value of three bifurcate slot structures 31 among Fig. 3 is: apart from ⊿ x=⊿ y=5mm, groove width W1 is 0.7mm between line space and row, and the end of three bifurcateds of three bifurcate slot structures 31 is the semicircle arcuation.Each parameter value of three bifurcated metal micro structures 32 among Fig. 6 is: apart from ⊿ x=⊿ y=5mm, groove width W2 is 1.8mm between line space and row, and the end of three bifurcateds of three bifurcated metal micro structures 32 is the semicircle arcuation.In an embodiment of the present invention, first substrate 10 and second substrate 20 are made by polytetrafluoroethylene (F4B).First metal micro structure 31 is made of copper with second, third metal micro structure 32,33.The DIELECTRIC CONSTANTS r=2.65 of first substrate 10, second substrate 20, loss tangent tan δ=0.001.The thickness of first substrate 10, second substrate 20 is 1mm, and the thickness of metal micro structure 32,33 is 0.018mm.Above-mentioned parameter is merely an instance, not as limitation of the present invention.
Perhaps interconnect through the filling liquid raw substrate between first substrate 10 and second substrate 20 through assembling.Three-layer metal layer 1,2,3 attached on the substrate, can certainly adopt plating through etched mode, bores quarter, photoetching, electronics is carved or ion quarter etc. mode attached on first substrate 10 or second substrate 20.First substrate 10 and second substrate 20 also can adopt other materials to process, and process such as pottery, HIPS (impact resistant polystyrene, High impact polystyrene) material, ferroelectric material, ferrite material or ferromagnetic material.
Low-loss electromagnetic wave transparent material to having above-mentioned parameter carries out emulation, and figure is as shown in Figure 8 for its S parameters simulation.Can see that by Fig. 8 (it is fine to pass through the ripple effect in 8 ~ 12GHz) scopes at X-band.And little in other frequency range S21 parameter, reflection coefficient is big, has filter action.When practical application; Through regulating the size of three bifurcate slot structures 31, three bifurcated metal micro structures 32, three bifurcated metal micro structures 33; Can change relative dielectric constant, refractive index and the impedance of material; Thereby working frequency range can move to high frequency or low frequency, perhaps changes the bandwidth of working frequency range.
Therefore, the present invention also provides a kind of radome, and this radome low-loss electromagnetic wave transparent material is by mentioned earlier processed; Be used to cover at antenna, when antenna is played a protective role, guarantee that antenna is in the working frequency range operate as normal; Mask uncorrelated frequency range, get rid of and disturb.
Need to prove; The shape of radome can for accompanying drawing in the identical tabular of low-loss electromagnetic wave transparent material shape; Also can come the shape of designing antenna cover according to the actual requirements; Such as being designed to spherical shape or with the shape (conformal radome) of antenna pattern coupling etc., not getting rid of yet and use a plurality of plate-like structures to be spliced into the shape of needs, the present invention does not limit this.
The present invention also provides a kind of antenna system, comprises antenna, and radome as indicated above, and radome covers on the antenna.Antenna comprises radiation source, feed element etc., and concrete formation can be consulted the correlation technique data, and the present invention does not limit this.Antenna body can be such as but not limited to plate aerial, microwave antenna, radar antenna etc.
Low-loss electromagnetic wave transparent material of the present invention and radome thereof and antenna system can be operated in X-band, in this wave band to pass through weave efficiency very high.After antenna added radome, the radianting capacity of antenna had obtained reinforcement, had effectively improved gain.And, can change the bandwidth of the working frequency range of electromagnetic wave transparent material, radome and antenna system through the size of regulating three bifurcate slot structures and three bifurcated metal micro structures.
Combine accompanying drawing that embodiments of the invention are described above; But the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, and above-mentioned embodiment only is schematically, rather than restrictive; Those of ordinary skill in the art is under enlightenment of the present invention; Not breaking away under the scope situation that aim of the present invention and claim protect, also can make a lot of forms, these all belong within the protection of the present invention.