CN102830034A - Method and device for measuring maximum hygroscopicity of soil - Google Patents
Method and device for measuring maximum hygroscopicity of soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN102830034A CN102830034A CN201210312370XA CN201210312370A CN102830034A CN 102830034 A CN102830034 A CN 102830034A CN 201210312370X A CN201210312370X A CN 201210312370XA CN 201210312370 A CN201210312370 A CN 201210312370A CN 102830034 A CN102830034 A CN 102830034A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for measuring maximum hygroscopicity of soil. The method comprises the following steps of: (1), weighing mass M0 of a sample carrier by using an electronic balance; (2), weighing mass M1 of an air-dried soil sample; (3), performing a hygroscopic process of the soil sample; (4), weighing mass M2 of the hygroscopic soil sample; (5), weighing mass M3 of the dried soil sample; and (6) calculating the maximum hygroscopicity by using a formula of ws=(M2-M3)*100/(M3-M0). The device consists of an umbrella-shaped baffle, a connecting rod and a soil sample tray, wherein the connecting rod is connected with the upper umbrella-shaped baffle and the lower soil sample tray respectively. The method is easy to implement, easy and convenient to operate, low in external environment requirement, short in measuring period and high in measuring accuracy. The device has a simple structure and is convenient to use; and meanwhile, since an air convection device in a constant-temperature and constant-humidity box can be used for quickly increasing internal humidity, the hygroscopic speed of the soil is increased, and the test period is greatly shortened.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to soil moisture content detection technique field, relate in particular to a kind of simple method of measured soil maximum hygroscopicits amount fast, also relate to a kind of simple device of measured soil maximum hygroscopicits amount fast simultaneously.
Background technology
Under saturation of the air damp condition, the absorbent vaporous water molecule of dry soil is the soil maximum hygroscopicits.In agricultural and Geotechnical Engineering field, the maximum hygroscopicits amount of soil is the important indicator that characterizes the soil texture and water retention property, and it can be used to understand the size of soil specific surface area, also can confirm the plant wilting moisture.
At present, the dry cylinder method of the many employings of the mensuration of soil maximum hygroscopicits amount.Its principle is the porcelain dish that dry soil is housed to be placed on the bottom inject a certain amount of 10% H
2SO
4Solution (or saturated K
2SO
4Solution) in the close drying cylinder, control indoor temperature and humidity when full of water divides to constant weight in the air of soil sample in water-vapo(u)r saturation, are measured its water cut.The maximum deficiency of this method is a test length consuming time, about about 1 month of experimentation.Simultaneously, along with the growth of time, moisture is repeatedly opened dry cylinder cap in soil absorption and the experiment under the closed environment, and the interior relative humidity of container is diminished, and directly influences test findings.In addition, this method needs additional configuration air-conditioning control indoor temperature, experimental facilities is required high.
Mention the standard moisture absorption water percentage test that utilizes climatic chamber to measure soil among " highway earthwork test rule " (JTG E40-2007); This method can shorten the test period significantly, but this method is different from maximum moisture absorption water content test, and the standard moisture absorption water percentage of soil is the fuchsin(e)test that relative humidity is carried out under 60% ± 5% environment; And the maximum moisture absorption water content of measured soil needs relative humidity at 100% environment; This just needs a large amount of steam to satisfy the requirement of high humility, and the spray of climatic chamber in the moisture-keeping maintaining process can make moisture content increasing in the case, accumulates in the constant temperature and humidity chamber interior wall; In the drippage soil, cause test result bigger than normal.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to be to provide a kind of simple method of measured soil maximum hygroscopicits amount fast, easy to implement the method, easy and simple to handle, low to outside environmental requirement, measuring period is short, measuring accuracy is high.
Another object of the present invention is to be to provide a kind of simple device of measured soil maximum hygroscopicits amount fast; Simple in structure, easy to use, simultaneously; Because the cross-ventilation device in the climatic chamber; Its interior humidity is raise fast, increase the soil rate of moisture absorption, greatly shorten the test period.
In order to reach above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts following technical measures:
Ultimate principle of the present invention is to utilize climatic chamber can control experimental temperature and humidity more accurately, and the measurement of the maximum moisture absorption water content of soil is become simply, and degree of accuracy obviously improves.Simultaneously,, increase the soil rate of moisture absorption, greatly shorten the test period because the cross-ventilation device in the climatic chamber can make its interior humidity raise fast.
A kind of method of measured soil maximum hygroscopicits amount the steps include:
1) sample-supporting device is weighed: the sample-supporting device after will scrubbing places and dries by the fire 4-6 hour under 110 ℃ of constant temperature, and take out the back and in dry cylinder, be cooled to room temperature (18-22 ℃), till weighing to the constant, record sample-supporting device mass M
0
2) air-dry soil sample is weighed: got the air-dry soil sample 20g of 1mm sieve aperture, and be divided into 3 parts, record soil sample weight M
1
3) soil sample moisture absorption: smear very thin one deck vaseline in the umbrella baffle inner wall, soil sample is tiled in the soil sample dish, put into climatic chamber, design temperature is 19-21 ℃, and humidity is 100%.
4) moisture absorption soil sample is weighed: take out soil sample and weigh every day, the gross mass M of record sample-supporting device and soil sample
2(being accurate to 0.001g) is till the sample constant weight.
5) oven dry the weighing of soil sample: it is 105 ~ 110 ℃ baking oven oven dry 9-11 hour that sample-supporting device and soil sample are put into temperature, puts into and weighs after dry cylinder is cooled to room temperature (18-22 ℃), sample-supporting device and soil sample gross mass M after the record oven dry
3
6) calculate: be calculated as follows the maximum hygroscopicits amount of soil,
In the formula: w
s-maximum hygroscopicits amount (%) is accurate to 0.01;
M
0-sample-supporting device quality (g);
M
2Sample-supporting device and quality of soil sample (g) after-the moisture absorption;
M
3-oven dry back sample-supporting device and quality of soil sample (g);
M
2-M
3-maximum hygroscopicits quality (g);
M
3-M
0-dry ground quality (g);
The maximum hygroscopicits amount allowable error that 3 parts of soil samples in the test obtain is no more than 0.2%, gets arithmetic mean.
A kind of simple device of measured soil maximum hygroscopicits amount fast, it is made up of umbrella baffle plate, connecting link, soil sample dish, it is characterized in that: connecting link links to each other with top umbrella baffle plate, bottom soil sample dish respectively.
A kind of simple device of measured soil maximum hygroscopicits amount fast is an aluminum.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1) climatic chamber can be controlled experimental temperature and humidity more accurately, and the measurement of the maximum moisture absorption water content of soil is become simply, and degree of accuracy obviously improves.
2) because the cross-ventilation device in the climatic chamber can make its interior humidity raise fast, increase the soil rate of moisture absorption, greatly shorten the test period.
3) utilize the sample-supporting device that proposes among the present invention, and umbrella baffle plate 1 inwall is smeared vaseline and can be avoided moisture content excessive on sample-supporting device top, adhere to behind the inwall in the drippage soil sample, cause measurement result bigger than normal, improve the accuracy of measuring.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of device of measured soil maximum hygroscopicits amount;
Fig. 2 carries out the measurement result curve of maximum moisture absorption water content to two kinds of soil samples for this method and dry cylinder method.
Wherein:
1-umbrella baffle plate; The 2-connecting link; 3-soil sample dish.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
For making the object of the invention, content and advantage clearer, embodiment of the present invention is done to describe in detail further below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
A kind of method of measured soil maximum hygroscopicits amount the steps include:
(1) sample-supporting device is weighed:
Sample-supporting device after scrubbing (shown in Figure 1) is placed under 110 ℃ of constant temperature baking 4 or 5 or 6 hours; Take out the back and in dry cylinder, be cooled to room temperature (18 or 19 or 20 or 21 or 22 ℃); Weighing immediately, till constant (twice weighing in front and back is more or less the same in 0.001g), record sample-supporting device mass M
0
(2) air-dry soil sample is weighed:
Take by weighing the air-dry soil sample 20g through the 1mm sieve aperture, be divided into 3 parts, each soil sample repeats to weigh 2 times, and the front and back quality of soil sample is more or less the same in 0.001g.Record quality of soil sample M
1, the quality of every part of soil sample is M
11, M
12, M
13
(3) soil sample moisture absorption:
Earlier the umbrella baffle inner wall is smeared very thin one deck vaseline, purpose is excessive in order to prevent and treat moisture content, adheres to behind the inwall in the drippage soil sample, influences measuring accuracy.To claim that the back soil sample is tiled in the soil sample dish, and put into climatic chamber immediately, design temperature is 19 or 20 or 21 ℃, and humidity is 100%, covers the constant temperature and humidity cover plate, makes it sealing.
(4) moisture absorption soil sample is weighed:
Take out soil sample and weigh every day, the gross mass M of record sample-supporting device and soil sample
2(being accurate to 0.001g) is till the permanent quality of sample.
(5) weighing of oven dry soil sample:
It is 110 ℃ baking oven oven dry 9 or 10 or 11 hours that sample-supporting device and soil sample are put into temperature, puts into and weighs after dry cylinder is cooled to room temperature (18 or 19 or 20 or 21 or 22 ℃), record oven dry back sample-supporting device and soil sample gross mass M
3(being accurate to 0.001g).
(6) calculate:
Be calculated as follows the maximum hygroscopicits amount of soil
In the formula: w
s-maximum hygroscopicits amount (%) is accurate to 0.01;
M
0-sample-supporting device quality (g);
M
2Sample-supporting device and quality of soil sample (g) after-the moisture absorption;
M
3-oven dry back sample-supporting device and quality of soil sample (g);
M
2-M
3-maximum hygroscopicits quality (g);
M
3-M
0-dry ground quality (g);
The maximum hygroscopicits amount allowable error that 3 parts of soil samples in the test obtain is no more than 0.2%, gets arithmetic mean, and this value is the maximum hygroscopicits amount of soil sample.
A kind of simple device of measured soil maximum hygroscopicits amount fast comprises sample-supporting device (Fig. 1), dusting cover (aperture is 1mm), balance (sensibility reciprocal 0.001g), baking oven, dry cylinder, climatic chamber, vaseline.
A kind of simple device of measured soil maximum hygroscopicits amount fast, it is made up of umbrella baffle plate 1, connecting link 2, soil sample dish 3, it is characterized in that: connecting link 2 links to each other with top umbrella baffle plate 1, bottom soil sample dish 3 respectively.
Umbrella baffle plate 1 inwall on described sample-supporting device top should be smeared vaseline.
Sample-supporting device wherein shown in Figure 1 is a contrive equipment, and characteristic is an aluminum, through connecting link 2 connection top umbrella baffle plates 1 and bottom soil sample dish 3.Because top umbrella baffle plate 1 area coverage greater than bottom soil sample dish 3 areas, can prevent effectively that the globule that condenses in the climatic chamber from dripping in soil sample dish 3; Top umbrella baffle plate 1 inwall is smeared vaseline, can prevent that moisture content is excessive in the climatic chamber, adheres to behind the inwall in the drippage soil sample 3, improves the accuracy of measuring.
Introduce embodiments of the invention below:
Subjects is mud and laterite, and the experimental situation temperature is 20 ℃, and humidity is 100%.Adopt the inventive method and traditional dry cylinder method respectively.The gained result is as shown in Figure 2, and is visible, and the test period that dry cylinder method obtains the maximum moisture absorption water content of soil takes one month, and the method for utilizing the present invention to propose only needs ten days, has obviously shortened the test period.In the dry cylinder method implementation process, the dry cylinder of frequent unlatching causes humidity reduction in the dry cylinder.Though the climatic chamber that the present invention adopts also need be opened; But the cross-ventilation device in the climatic chamber can give the steam supply rapidly; Very little, as shown in Figure 2 to experimental situation influence, the maximum hygroscopicity that utilizes two kinds of soil that the inventive method obtains is a little more than dry cylinder method; This conforms to theoretical analysis basically, explains that the inventive method accuracy is higher.
Claims (3)
1. the method for a measured soil maximum hygroscopicits amount the steps include:
1) sample-supporting device is weighed: the sample-supporting device after will scrubbing places under 110 ℃ of constant temperature and dried by the fire 4-6 hour, and take out the back and in dry cylinder, be cooled to room temperature, till weighing to the constant, record sample-supporting device mass M
0
2) air-dry soil sample is weighed: got the air-dry soil sample 20g of 1mm sieve aperture, and be divided into 3 parts, record soil sample weight M
1
3) soil sample moisture absorption: soil sample is tiled in the soil sample dish, puts into climatic chamber, design temperature is 19-21 ℃, and humidity is 100%;
4) moisture absorption soil sample is weighed: take out soil sample and weigh every day, the gross mass M of record sample-supporting device and soil sample
2, till the sample constant weight;
5) oven dry the weighing of soil sample: it is 105 ~ 110 ℃ baking oven oven dry 9-11 hour that sample-supporting device and soil sample are put into temperature, puts into and weighs after dry cylinder is cooled to room temperature, sample-supporting device and soil sample gross mass M after the record oven dry
3
6) calculate: be calculated as follows the maximum hygroscopicits amount of soil,
In the formula: w
s-maximum hygroscopicits amount %;
M
0-sample-supporting device quality g;
M
2Sample-supporting device and quality of soil sample g after-the moisture absorption;
M
3-oven dry back sample-supporting device and quality of soil sample g;
M
2-M
3-maximum hygroscopicits quality g;
M
3-M
0-dry ground quality g.
2. the described a kind of simple device of measured soil maximum hygroscopicits amount fast of claim 1; It is made up of umbrella baffle plate (1), connecting link (2), soil sample dish (3), it is characterized in that: connecting link (2) links to each other with top umbrella baffle plate (1), bottom soil sample dish (3) respectively.
3. a kind of simple device of measured soil maximum hygroscopicits amount fast according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described umbrella baffle plate (1) inwall should be smeared vaseline.
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| CN201210312370XA CN102830034A (en) | 2012-08-29 | 2012-08-29 | Method and device for measuring maximum hygroscopicity of soil |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210312370XA CN102830034A (en) | 2012-08-29 | 2012-08-29 | Method and device for measuring maximum hygroscopicity of soil |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103383333A (en) * | 2013-06-24 | 2013-11-06 | 云南烟草科学研究院 | Determination method for absorption rate of tobacco peduncle material liquid and device thereof |
| CN104266926A (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2015-01-07 | 西北农林科技大学 | Vaporous soil water acquisition measurement system |
| CN109060417A (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2018-12-21 | 长安大学 | A kind of original state coarse-grained soil sampling method |
| CN111413247A (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2020-07-14 | 广东有色工程勘察设计院 | Method for detecting moisture content of fine soil |
| CN113945237A (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2022-01-18 | 国网新源控股有限公司 | Abandoned slag yard stability monitoring and alarming method and related equipment |
| CN115032109A (en) * | 2022-01-28 | 2022-09-09 | 昆明理工大学 | Device and method for measuring water retention amount of roof greening soil |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1544911A (en) * | 2003-11-27 | 2004-11-10 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Apparatus and method for testing maximal moisture regain and content of soil |
| CN102253182A (en) * | 2011-06-27 | 2011-11-23 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Method for monitoring expansion and shrinkage deformation of deep soil body under influence of hot and rainy climate |
-
2012
- 2012-08-29 CN CN201210312370XA patent/CN102830034A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1544911A (en) * | 2003-11-27 | 2004-11-10 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Apparatus and method for testing maximal moisture regain and content of soil |
| CN102253182A (en) * | 2011-06-27 | 2011-11-23 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Method for monitoring expansion and shrinkage deformation of deep soil body under influence of hot and rainy climate |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103383333A (en) * | 2013-06-24 | 2013-11-06 | 云南烟草科学研究院 | Determination method for absorption rate of tobacco peduncle material liquid and device thereof |
| CN104266926A (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2015-01-07 | 西北农林科技大学 | Vaporous soil water acquisition measurement system |
| CN104266926B (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2016-05-18 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of soil water in vapor phase collecting and measuring system |
| CN109060417A (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2018-12-21 | 长安大学 | A kind of original state coarse-grained soil sampling method |
| CN111413247A (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2020-07-14 | 广东有色工程勘察设计院 | Method for detecting moisture content of fine soil |
| CN113945237A (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2022-01-18 | 国网新源控股有限公司 | Abandoned slag yard stability monitoring and alarming method and related equipment |
| CN115032109A (en) * | 2022-01-28 | 2022-09-09 | 昆明理工大学 | Device and method for measuring water retention amount of roof greening soil |
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Application publication date: 20121219 |