CN102829867A - Simulation method of hyperspectral remote sensing data embedded based on target empty spectral information - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a simulation method of hyperspectral remote sensing data embedded based on target empty spectral information, which belongs to the technical field of simulation of remote sensing spectroscopic data, and solves the problem of shortage of a target in hyperspectral remote sensing data in the conventional remote sensing simulation technology. The simulation method comprises the following steps of: step 1, generating target space information; step 2, generating target spectral information; step 3, combining the information generated in the step 1 and the information generated in the step 2 to generate target empty spectral information; and step 4, embedding the target empty spectral information into hyperspectral background information so as to form the hyperspectral remote sensing data comprising the target. The simulation method is suitable for simulating the hyperspectral remote sensing data.

Description

The high-spectrum remote sensing data emulation mode that the empty spectrum information of based target embeds

Technical field

The present invention relates to the high-spectrum remote sensing data emulation mode that the empty spectrum information of a kind of based target embeds, belong to remote sensing spectroscopic data simulation technical field.

Background technology

Remote sensing refers generally to use sensor to the irradiation of electromagnetic waves of object, the detection of reflection characteristic, and the theory of character, characteristic and the state of object being analyzed according to its characteristic, the science and technology of methods and applications.The remote sensing resource generally is meant and adopts the Aeronautics and Astronautics delivery vehicle; Different types of data through the sensor acquisition; Such as visible light, multispectral, high spectrum, SAR and infrared etc., do not reach different resolution simultaneously mutually, such as the data that comprise temporal resolution, spatial resolution and spectral resolution.The remote sensing resource has been widely used in the national economy every field at present, is with a wide range of applications.

The remote sensing technology develop rapidly, its system becomes increasingly complex, kind is more and more various, and these have brought many difficulties to system design.High-spectrum remote-sensing is a kind of novel remote sensing technology, and it is the combination of spectral technique and imaging technique, also is the important new direction of development of remote sensing.Lack the high-spectrum remote sensing data that contains target at present, if can obtain to add the emulated data after the target, for confirming of the range of application of the design of system index and system with significant.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is the problem that lacks target in the high-spectrum remote sensing data in the existing remote sensing emulation technology in order to solve, and a kind of based target high-spectrum remote sensing data emulation mode that empty spectrum information embeds is provided.

The high-spectrum remote sensing data emulation mode that the empty spectrum information of based target according to the invention embeds, it may further comprise the steps:

Step 1: generate object space information;

Step 2: generate target optical spectrum information;

Step 3: the information of step 1 and step 2 generation is synthesized generation target empty spectrum information;

Step 4: this target empty spectrum information is embedded in the high spectral background information, forms the high-spectrum remote sensing data that comprises target.

The concrete grammar that generates object space information in the said step 1 is:

Select target spatial form template in the target shape ATL, the spatial information of this template is to generate through the mode of taking pictures; Spatial resolution with high spectral background information is a benchmark then, and the object space shape template is carried out spatial sampling, reaching the unanimity of the two spatial resolution, thereby generates object space information.

The concrete grammar that generates target optical spectrum information in the said step 2 is:

According to the material of the corresponding target of the information of object space described in the step 1, in library of spectra, choose the reflectance spectrum after the corresponding normalization, generate target optical spectrum information.

In the said step 3 information of step 1 and step 2 generation being synthesized the concrete grammar that generates the target empty spectrum information is:

One by one the corresponding normalized gray-scale value of each pixel in the spatial form template multiply by this pixel corresponding normalization after reflectance spectrum; Form normalized target empty spectrum information; Normalized target empty spectrum information multiply by the maximum gradation value in the high spectral background information, generate the target empty spectrum information.

In the said step 4 this target empty spectrum information is embedded in the high spectral background information, the concrete grammar that forms the high-spectrum remote sensing data that comprises target is:

Confirm that the target empty spectrum information treats embedded location in high spectral background information, this is treated that the respective pixel at embedded location place replaces with the target empty spectrum information, and the edge of this target empty spectrum information is carried out mean filter, form the high-spectrum remote sensing data that comprises target.

Advantage of the present invention is: the present invention is directed to the situation that lacks target in the high-spectral data; Be embedded into the information that comprises object space characteristic and spectral characteristic in the high spectral background data; Formation comprises the high spectrum emulated data of target information, helps on the confirming of the range of application of the design of follow-up remote sensing system index and system, satisfying the needs of using.

The inventive method has reached simulation result effectively and reasonably.In use change the spectral characteristic of scene, can emulation generate the spectral characteristic of target under the various material, for the development of high-spectrum remote-sensing device provides reference according to the library of spectra of setting up.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is for to be embedded into the principle schematic in the high spectral background information with the target empty spectrum information;

Fig. 2 is the generation block diagram that comprises the high-spectrum remote sensing data of target.

Embodiment

Embodiment one: below in conjunction with Fig. 1 to Fig. 2 this embodiment is described, the high-spectrum remote sensing data emulation mode that the empty spectrum information of this embodiment based target embeds, it is characterized in that: it may further comprise the steps:

Step 1: generate object space information;

Step 2: generate target optical spectrum information;

Step 3: the information of step 1 and step 2 generation is synthesized generation target empty spectrum information;

Step 4: this target empty spectrum information is embedded in the high spectral background information, forms the high-spectrum remote sensing data that comprises target.

Embodiment two: this embodiment is for to the further specifying of embodiment one, and the concrete grammar that generates object space information in the said step 1 of this embodiment is:

Select target spatial form template in the target shape ATL, the spatial information of this template is to generate through the mode of taking pictures; Spatial resolution with high spectral background information is a benchmark then, and the object space shape template is carried out spatial sampling, reaching the unanimity of the two spatial resolution, thereby generates object space information.

The generation of object space information in this embodiment: both comprised spatial information in the high spectral background information and also comprised spectral information, the target that therefore embeds also will comprise this two category information.What at first need generate is the spatial information of target, in the generative process of object space information, comprises two parts again: the selection of spatial form template and the generation of half-tone information.

Can on the basis of investigation in early stage, select to have the typical target of the meaning represented, and generate ATL and each object pixel corresponding gray scale value of this template of interesting target.Obtaining of half-tone information can generate through the mode of taking pictures according to different target common reflected energy in the panchromatic wave-band scope usually.Target in ATL needs the transformation of a spatial resolution to the target in the high-spectral data; In this process, can reasonably sample, to reach the unanimity of spatial resolution according to the spatial resolution of object space resolution in the ATL and high spectral background data.In telescopiny, need from ATL, choose the space template of target to be added and carry out the normalization processing to corresponding half-tone information.

Embodiment three: this embodiment is for to the further specifying of embodiment two, and the concrete grammar that generates target optical spectrum information in the said step 2 of this embodiment is:

According to the material of the corresponding target of the information of object space described in the step 1, in library of spectra, choose the reflectance spectrum after the corresponding normalization, generate target optical spectrum information.

In this embodiment, on the basis of confirming To Template and half-tone information, generate the pairing spectral signature in target area.

At first need set up the library of spectra of target, the foundation of library of spectra can realize through the spectrum of actual measurement all types of target, also can realize through the mode of obtaining the ripe library of spectra that obtains widespread use.The generation of spectral information need be chosen corresponding spectrum according to the actual material of target in library of spectra, it should be noted that the reflectance spectrum that will choose after the normalization.

Embodiment four: this embodiment is described below in conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2; This embodiment is for to the further specifying of embodiment three, and the concrete grammar that the information that in the said step 3 of this embodiment step 1 and step 2 is generated is synthesized generation target empty spectrum information is:

One by one the corresponding normalized gray-scale value of each pixel in the spatial form template multiply by this pixel corresponding normalization after reflectance spectrum; Form normalized target empty spectrum information; Normalized target empty spectrum information multiply by the maximum gradation value in the high spectral background information, generate the target empty spectrum information.

In this embodiment, synthesize the information in preceding two steps and be embedded in the high spectral background data.

The generation of target empty spectrum information generates according to spectral information in locus, target place, and its implementation procedure is to multiply by normalized reflectance spectrum to the corresponding normalized gray-scale value of each pixel, forms normalized target empty spectrum information.Then normalized empty spectrum information being multiply by maximum gradation value in the high spectral background data, if this maximum gradation value quantization digit is 12, then is 4095, promptly 2 ¹²-1, generate the target empty spectrum information.

Embodiment five: this embodiment is described below in conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2; Below in conjunction with this embodiment is further specifying embodiment four; In the said step 4 of this embodiment this target empty spectrum information is embedded in the high spectral background information, the concrete grammar that forms the high-spectrum remote sensing data that comprises target is:

Confirm that the target empty spectrum information treats embedded location in high spectral background information, this is treated that the respective pixel at embedded location place replaces with the target empty spectrum information, and the edge of this target empty spectrum information is carried out mean filter, form the high-spectrum remote sensing data that comprises target.

In this embodiment, the imaging process of remotely-sensed data can be expressed as:

$I(x,y)={\∫}_{{\mathrm{\λ}}_0}^{{\mathrm{\λ}}_1}r(x,y,\mathrm{\λ})\×v\left(\mathrm{\λ}\right)\mathrm{d\λ},$

Wherein (x, y λ) are the reflection strength of the atural object of waiting to form images to r, and v (λ) is the relative efficiency function under a certain wavelength.λ ₀And λ ₁The wavelength that can receive for sensor, wherein λ ₀Be initial wavelength, λ ₁Be cutoff wavelength.If the spatial data of target is in visible-range, to form images, then λ ₀Be 0.4 μ m, λ ₁Be 0.7 μ m; X is a space transverse axis coordinate, and y is the space ordinate of orthogonal axes, and λ is a wavelength, I (x, the energy that y) receives for sensor.

And for high light spectrum image-forming, up to a hundred components are arranged:

$I_i(x,y)={\∫}_{{\mathrm{\λ}}_i}^{{\mathrm{\λ}}_i+{\mathrm{\Δ\λ}}_i}r(x,y,\mathrm{\λ})\×v\left(\mathrm{\λ}\right)\mathrm{d\λ},i=\mathrm{1,2},...,N$

For scene simulation, need to handle be r (x, y, λ).In the process that target embeds, most critical be to handle background r well _B(x, y, λ) with wait to embed target r _T(x, y, the relation between λ).For high-spectral data, not only need consider spatial information, also need consider spectral information; I _i(x y) is i the energy that the wave band sensor receives, λ _iBe the initial wavelength of i wave band sensor, Δ λ _iIt is the waveband width of i wave band sensor.It is as shown in Figure 1 to be embedded into the schematic diagram that goes in the high spectral background data to the spatial spectral information of target.

In target empty spectrum information telescopiny; The space and the spectral resolution that at first need clear and definite background; Take this as a foundation and handle spatial information and the spectral information of waiting to embed target respectively; Accomplish the unification of the empty spectrum information of target, background, be embedded into the target empty spectrum information in the high spectral background information then, the final high-spectral data that comprises target that forms.

For the target embedding of high-spectral data, be divided into three parts: the generation and the empty spectrum information of the generation of object space information, target optical spectrum information are united embedding, and telescopiny is as shown in Figure 2.

This embodiment has been realized the embedding of uniting of target empty spectrum information:

In high spectral background information, select the position of waiting to embed target, replace with the high spectral background data of respective pixel the sky spectrum data of target then.In order to reduce the inconsistency of target gray scale and background gray scale, carry out mean filter to the edge that embeds target, make the effect of the more approaching actual data that obtain of data that generated.

Through above four steps, just can join corresponding target in the high spectral background data and go, form the high-spectral data that comprises target.These data can be tested accordingly, confirm the rationality of high-spectrum remote-sensing index of correlation, for the development of high-spectrum remote-sensing device and index demonstration provide reference.

Claims (5)

1. the high-spectrum remote sensing data emulation mode that embeds of the empty spectrum information of a based target, it is characterized in that: it may further comprise the steps:

Step 1: generate object space information;

Step 2: generate target optical spectrum information;

Step 3: the information of step 1 and step 2 generation is synthesized generation target empty spectrum information;

Step 4: this target empty spectrum information is embedded in the high spectral background information, forms the high-spectrum remote sensing data that comprises target.

2. the high-spectrum remote sensing data emulation mode that the empty spectrum information of based target according to claim 1 embeds is characterized in that: the concrete grammar that generates object space information in the said step 1 is:

Select target spatial form template in the target shape ATL, the spatial information of this template is to generate through the mode of taking pictures; Spatial resolution with high spectral background information is a benchmark then, and the object space shape template is carried out spatial sampling, reaching the unanimity of the two spatial resolution, thereby generates object space information.

3. the high-spectrum remote sensing data emulation mode that the empty spectrum information of based target according to claim 2 embeds is characterized in that: the concrete grammar that generates target optical spectrum information in the said step 2 is:

According to the material of the corresponding target of the information of object space described in the step 1, in library of spectra, choose the reflectance spectrum after the corresponding normalization, generate target optical spectrum information.

4. the high-spectrum remote sensing data emulation mode that the empty spectrum information of based target according to claim 3 embeds is characterized in that: in the said step 3 information of step 1 and step 2 generation being synthesized the concrete grammar that generates the target empty spectrum information is:

One by one the corresponding normalized gray-scale value of each pixel in the spatial form template multiply by this pixel corresponding normalization after reflectance spectrum; Form normalized target empty spectrum information; Normalized target empty spectrum information multiply by the maximum gradation value in the high spectral background information, generate the target empty spectrum information.

5. the high-spectrum remote sensing data emulation mode that the empty spectrum information of based target according to claim 4 embeds; It is characterized in that: in the said step 4 this target empty spectrum information is embedded in the high spectral background information, the concrete grammar that forms the high-spectrum remote sensing data that comprises target is:

Confirm that the target empty spectrum information treats embedded location in high spectral background information, this is treated that the respective pixel at embedded location place replaces with the target empty spectrum information, and the edge of this target empty spectrum information is carried out mean filter, form the high-spectrum remote sensing data that comprises target.

Images