Background technology
Existing air-conditioning system is when carrying out heating operation, and the cold-producing medium flowing through outdoor heat exchanger needs constantly to absorb the heat in air in gasification, and due to environment temperature lower, easily there is frost in outdoor heat exchanger.The existence of frosting, greatly reduces the heat exchange efficiency of heat exchanger, and overall performance is declined, the existence of this kind of phenomenon, the impact more strengthened can be caused in central air-conditioning hot-water heating system, at present, in cycle energy central air-conditioning hot-water heating system, the Defrost mode of extensive employing is reverse cycle defrosting mode and hot gas bypass defrosting mode, require when reverse cycle defrosting mode defrosts that compressor first shuts down the docking of completion system high-low pressure, then cross valve commutation, restarting compressor again makes system antikinesis defrost, cross valve commutation not only increases wearing and tearing, produce noise, and easily make compressor " oil of running quickly ", the frequency of defrosting is higher, the frequency of the commutation of start/stop of compressor and cross valve is also higher, substantially reduce the life-span of compressor and cross valve, cause pressure of inspiration(Pi) low because lacking low-temperature heat source when this kind of mode defrosts, defrosting speed is slow, and when frosting is serious, defrosting is unclean, to absorb heat from heat supply room during defrosting, room temperature be declined violent, defrost complete recovery heat supply time have the sensation of blowing a cold wind over, greatly reduce indoor comfort.
Hot gas bypass defrosting mode is the heat of the high-temperature exhaust air utilizing compressor, and defrosting time is long, and suction superheat is low, easily makes compressor return liquid, and meanwhile, high-temperature exhaust air pressure is high, produces certain impact, so also have considerable influence to compressor security to compressor.
All there is certain drawback in above two kinds of Defrost modes, control cross valve as needed in the process of defrosting frequently to commutate or hot-gas bypass mode carrys out defrost, thus ambient temperature can be caused to decline, affect cross valve service life, there is the series of problems such as the slow and energy consumption of defrosting speed is large simultaneously.
Chinese patent literature CN102128528A discloses a kind of heat accumulating type defrost system for air source hot pump water heater, comprises compressor, gas-liquid separator, four-way change-over valve, outdoor heat exchanger, capillary, board-like phase change heat accumulator, Unidirectional solenoid valve, device for drying and filtering, the first stop valve, shower room, the second stop valve, external water tank heat exchanger, storage tank.Defrost process by phase change heat accumulator, the waste water residual heat of the waste heat of condensation of heat pump water heater system and shower room is reclaimed, turning to by four-way change-over valve, change the flow direction of cold-producing medium at board-like phase change heat accumulator and outdoor heat exchanger, realize system waste heat accumulation of energy, release the conversion of function between defrosting.Although it adds the method for the waste water residual heat using waste heat of condensation and shower room in defrost process, but it is not fundamentally solving the commutation needing cross valve, and it can have influence on the heating efficiency of air-conditioning heating system in defrost process, causes the decline of room temperature.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the cycle energy central air-conditioning hot-water heating system proposing a kind of phase transformation defroster for air-conditioning system and apply this defroster, with central air-conditioning hot-water heating system and the Defrost method thereof of phase transformation defrost system, defrosting efficiency can be improved, and the heating operations of central air-conditioning can not be affected, the comprehensive utilization ratio of the energy can be improved simultaneously.
For reaching this object, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
A kind of defroster for air-conditioning system, comprise storage heater, wherein, the heat exchanger of the built-in two groups of quantities of heat given up of described storage heater, described air-conditioning system pipeline is accessed respectively by pipeline, wherein First Heat Exchanger breakout access point is in described air-conditioning system between compressor inlet and cross valve, and First Heat Exchanger import access point is between indoor set and expansion valve; Described second heat exchanger exit access point is between cross valve and outdoor heat exchanger, and the second heat exchanger import access point is between indoor heat exchanger and expansion valve; The access pipeline of First Heat Exchanger and the second heat exchanger is connected in series control valve one and control valve two respectively, and is connected in series control valve three in Air-conditioning Cycle pipeline between indoor heat exchanger and expansion valve, between the import access point being installed on two heat exchangers.
As a kind of preferred version of above-mentioned defroster, described air-conditioning system comprises compressor, cross valve, outdoor heat exchanger, expansion valve and indoor heat exchanger, connects and composes refrigeration and heating closed circuit by pipeline.
As a kind of preferred version of above-mentioned defroster, the 3rd heat exchanger is also installed, for introducing heat in described storage heater.
As a kind of preferred version of above-mentioned defroster, described control valve one, control valve two and control valve three are magnetic valve.
As a kind of preferred version of above-mentioned defroster, the heat source of described storage heater is from solar heat-exchange station or electric heater.
As a kind of preferred version of above-mentioned defroster, the refrigerant that air-conditioning system adopts is R22 or R410A.
A kind of cycle energy central air-conditioning hot-water heating system, comprise air-conditioning system, described air-conditioning system at least comprises by compressor, cross valve, outdoor heat exchanger, the refrigeration and heating closed circuit that expansion valve and indoor heat exchanger are connected and composed by pipeline, it is characterized in that, also comprise storage heater and apparatus for heating water by solar energy, the heat exchanger of the built-in two groups of quantities of heat given up of described storage heater, described air-conditioning system pipeline is accessed respectively by pipeline, wherein First Heat Exchanger breakout access point is in described air-conditioning system between compressor inlet and cross valve, First Heat Exchanger import access point is between indoor set expansion valve, described second heat exchanger exit access point is between cross valve and outdoor heat exchanger, and the second heat exchanger import access point is between indoor heat exchanger and expansion valve, the access pipeline of First Heat Exchanger and the second heat exchanger is connected in series control valve one and control valve two respectively, and is connected in series control valve three in Air-conditioning Cycle pipeline between indoor heat exchanger and expansion valve, be installed between the import access point of two heat exchangers, described apparatus for heating water by solar energy absorbs solar energy and the heat energy be converted in heat collection water tank by solar heat-collection plate, and this heat energy is used for providing heat energy for described storage heater.
As a kind of preferred version of above-mentioned a kind of cycle energy central air-conditioning hot-water heating system, also comprise water fluorine heat exchange unit, described water fluorine heat exchange unit heat input access compressor outlet and indoor heat exchanger outlet, its heat output loop is in parallel with the heat output loop of described apparatus for heating water by solar energy.
As a kind of preferred version of above-mentioned a kind of cycle energy central air-conditioning hot-water heating system, described heat output loop connects grounding heat coil tube and/or clothes drying device.
As a kind of preferred version of above-mentioned a kind of cycle energy central air-conditioning hot-water heating system, the heat collection water tank of described apparatus for heating water by solar energy connects domestic water system, for providing domestic water.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: the present invention is by a kind of phase transformation defroster for air-conditioning system and the cycle energy central air-conditioning hot-water heating system applying this defroster, by adding phase change heat accumulator on the basis of existing cycle energy central air-conditioning hot-water heating system, and provide the energy by solar water heater or ground heating system for it, again by the control of magnetic valve, achieve effective combination of phase change heat accumulator and cycle energy central air-conditioning hot-water heating system, and solar energy can be utilized fully, the utilization realizing resource maximizes, and in defrost process, indoor set is not needed to shut down on the one hand, indoor uninterrupted heating can be realized, start/stop of compressor is neither needed to carry out the docking of completion system high-low pressure on the other hand, cross valve is not needed frequently to commutate yet, eliminate the noise because cross valve commutation causes and " oil of running quickly " phenomenon, extend the service life of compressor and cross valve, and after using phase change heat accumulator to carry out hydrothermal solution accumulation of heat, as low-temperature heat source, substantially increase defrosting speed, reduce defrosting energy consumption, improve the reliability of defrosting.
Detailed description of the invention
Technical scheme of the present invention is further illustrated by detailed description of the invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of defroster for air-conditioning system, it comprises storage heater 8, the heat exchanger of the built-in two groups of quantities of heat given up of this storage heater 8, respectively by pipeline access air-conditioning system pipeline, wherein First Heat Exchanger 9 breakout access point is in air-conditioning system between compressor 1 import and cross valve 2, and First Heat Exchanger 9 import access point is between indoor set 5 and expansion valve 22; Second heat exchanger 11 breakout access point is between cross valve 2 and outdoor heat exchanger 3, and the second heat exchanger 11 import access point is between indoor heat exchanger 5 and expansion valve 22; The access pipeline of First Heat Exchanger 9 and the second heat exchanger 11 is connected in series control valve 1 and control valve 2 12 respectively, and be connected in series control valve 3 14 in Air-conditioning Cycle pipeline between indoor heat exchanger 5 and expansion valve 22, it is installed between the import access point of two heat exchangers, and above-mentioned control valve 1, control valve 2 12 and control valve 3 14 are magnetic valve.
Air-conditioning freezes or in heating operations normally, control valve 3 14 is opened, control valve 1 and control valve 2 12 are closed, when the outdoor heat exchanger of air-conditioning system produces long-pending frost, can be opened by control control valve 1 and control valve 2 12, control valve 3 14 is closed, by changing the circulating direction of cold-producing medium, make cold-producing medium after indoor heat exchanger 5 heat release, the second heat exchanger 11 is entered and the heat absorbed in storage heater by control valve 2 12, then enter outdoor heat exchanger 3 to carry out heat release and defrost to it, flow through First Heat Exchanger 9 finally by control valve 1 and again absorb heat in storage heater 8, the cold-producing medium in outdoor heat exchanger 3 after heat release can be made to be heated.
3rd heat exchanger 13 is also installed in above-mentioned storage heater 8,3rd heat exchanger 13 is that storage heater 8 carries out accumulation of heat for quoting heat, simultaneously heat source is in this application from solar heat-exchange station 16 or electric heater, and other thermal source equally also can be adopted to be that storage heater 8 carries out accumulation of heat.
What adopt in storage heater 8 in this embodiment is phase-change heat accumulation medium, and what wherein phase-change heat accumulation medium adopted is organic material and/or inorganic material, also can adopt other heat storage mediums in certain storage heater 8.
Above-mentioned air-conditioning system at least comprises and connects and composes refrigeration and heating closed circuit by gas-liquid separator 7, compressor 2, oil eliminator 6, cross valve 2, indoor heat exchanger 5, reservoir 4, electric expansion valve 22 and outdoor heat exchanger 3 by pipeline, wherein indoor heat exchanger 5 is made up of the indoor terminal machine of some groups of parallel connections, each indoor terminal machine comprises heat exchanger coils and the electric expansion valve of series connection mutually, and the refrigerant adopted in air-conditioning system is R22 or R410A.
As shown in Figure 2, its a kind of cycle energy central air-conditioning hot-water heating system provided for the application, comprise air-conditioning system, this air-conditioning system at least comprises the refrigeration and heating closed circuit connected and composed by gas-liquid separator 7, compressor 2, oil eliminator 6, cross valve 2, indoor heat exchanger 5, reservoir 4, electric expansion valve 22 and outdoor heat exchanger 3; Wherein, cross valve 2 comprises the first valve port (a), the second valve port (b), the 3rd valve port (c) and the 4th valve port (d), and wherein, the first valve port is communicated with oil eliminator 6 by pipeline; Second valve port is communicated with gas-liquid separator 7 by pipeline; 3rd valve port is communicated with outdoor heat exchanger 3 by pipeline; 4th valve port is communicated with indoor heat exchanger 5 by pipeline.
Above-mentioned central air-conditioning hot-water heating system also comprises storage heater 8 and apparatus for heating water by solar energy, the heat exchanger of the built-in two groups of quantities of heat given up of storage heater 8, respectively by pipeline access air-conditioning system pipeline, wherein First Heat Exchanger 9 breakout access point is in described air-conditioning system between compressor 1 import and cross valve 2, and First Heat Exchanger 9 import access point is between indoor set heat exchanger 5 and expansion valve 22; Described second heat exchanger 11 breakout access point is between cross valve 2 and outdoor heat exchanger 3, second heat exchanger 11 import access point is between indoor heat exchanger 5 and expansion valve 22, the import access point of First Heat Exchanger 9 is near indoor heat exchanger 5, and the import access point of the second heat exchanger is near expansion valve 22; The access pipeline of First Heat Exchanger 9 and the second heat exchanger 11 is connected in series control valve 1 and control valve 2 12 respectively, and be connected in series control valve 3 14 in Air-conditioning Cycle pipeline between indoor heat exchanger 5 and expansion valve 22, be installed between the import access point of two heat exchangers.
Apparatus for heating water by solar energy absorbs solar energy by solar heat-collection plate 15 and is converted into the heat energy in heat collection water tank 17, and this heat energy is used for providing heat energy for described storage heater 8; Apparatus for heating water by solar energy comprises solar heat-collection plate 15, solar heat-exchange station 16 and water tank 17, solar heat-collection plate 15 carries out exchange heat by heat conduction pipeline and solar heat-exchange station 16 and water tank 17, above-mentioned heat conduction pipeline comprises heat efferent duct and return duct, this heat efferent duct is all communicated with solar heat-collection plate 15 with one end of return duct, their other end all through solar heat-exchange station 16, and is communicated with the coil pipe be arranged in water tank 17.
Central air-conditioning hot-water heating system also comprises water fluorine heat exchange unit 21, outlet and the indoor heat exchanger 5 of the input access compressor 1 of this water fluorine heat exchange unit 21 export, in the present invention, the input of water fluorine heat exchange unit 21 is connected with the pipeline between oil eliminator 6 and cross valve 2, its backflow end and the pipeline connection between indoor heat exchanger 5 and reservoir 4; Water fluorine heat exchange unit 21 heat output loop is in parallel with the heat output loop of apparatus for heating water by solar energy, and above-mentioned heat output loop connects grounding heat coil tube 20 and/or clothes drying device 19; The heat collection water tank 17 of apparatus for heating water by solar energy connects domestic water place 17, for providing domestic water.
In the application in air conditioning and water heating system except by solar water heater for storage heater 8 provides heat, grounding heat coil tube 20 can also be utilized, the waste heat of domestic water place 18 and clothes drying device 19 provides heat for storage heater 8, the heat storage efficiency of storage heater can be improved thus further, and the utilization rate of the energy can be improved.
The application, by adopting storage heater as defroster in air-conditioning system, can make full use of external heat source (as solar energy), but does not affect the normal refrigeration of air-conditioning or heating operations, and in the application, the refrigerating/heating of air-conditioning comprises following process:
When refrigerating state, control valve three is opened, control valve one and control valve two are closed, after the high-temperature high-pressure gas refrigerant going out compressor flows through oil eliminator, cross valve successively, enter outdoor heat exchanger to carry out being condensed into high-pressure sub-cooled liquid, then after throttling and reservoir, enter indoor heat exchanger and carry out heat exchange, now cold-producing medium becomes low temperature low pressure gas and enters gas-liquid separator, finally imports compressor;
When heating state, control valve three is opened, control valve one and control valve two are closed, after the high-temperature high-pressure gas refrigerant going out compressor flows through oil eliminator, cross valve successively, enter indoor heat exchanger to carry out being condensed into subcooled liquid, then after throttling and reservoir, enter outdoor heat exchanger and carry out heat exchange, now cold-producing medium becomes low temperature low pressure gas and enters gas-liquid separator, finally imports compressor.
The Defrost method of cycle energy central air-conditioning hot-water heating system comprises the following steps:
Steps A: the accumulation of heat of phase change heat accumulator, solar heat-collection plate absorbs solar energy, carries out heat exchange by transferring heat to water tank behind solar heat-exchange station, the continual accumulation of heat work carrying out storage heater simultaneously;
Step B: the defrost process of central air-conditioning, when outdoor heat exchanger of air conditioner produces a large amount of long-pending frost, central air-conditioning carries out following steps and defrosts to outdoor heat exchanger of air conditioner;
Step a: control valve one and control valve two are opened, control valve three is closed;
Step b: go out the high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant gas of compressor successively after oil eliminator, cross valve, enter indoor heat exchanger and carry out condensation heat release, cold-producing medium enters reservoir after becoming about 50 DEG C;
Step c: complete the cold-producing medium of indoor heat release after control valve two, then the heat absorbing phase change heat accumulator storage when flowing through storage heater;
Steps d: after the heat that refrigerant suction storage heater stores, then enter outdoor heat exchanger heat radiation by the outflow end of the second heat exchanger, outdoor heat exchanger is defrosted;
Step e: after defrosting to outdoor heat exchanger, cold-producing medium by electric expansion valve, enters storage heater through control valve one, gets back to compressor after entering gas-liquid separator finally by the cold-producing medium outflow end of First Heat Exchanger.
Carrying out accumulation of heat relative to the refrigeration of air-conditioning and heating operations to storage heater in this step is in step a separate process, can not have an impact to the refrigeration of air-conditioning and heating operations.
Below know-why of the present invention is described in conjunction with specific embodiments.These describe just in order to explain principle of the present invention, and can not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the invention by any way.Based on explanation herein, those skilled in the art does not need to pay performing creative labour can associate other detailed description of the invention of the present invention, and these modes all will fall within protection scope of the present invention.