CN102828028A - Comprehensive treatment technology of waste aluminum ash - Google Patents
Comprehensive treatment technology of waste aluminum ash Download PDFInfo
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- CN102828028A CN102828028A CN2011101738512A CN201110173851A CN102828028A CN 102828028 A CN102828028 A CN 102828028A CN 2011101738512 A CN2011101738512 A CN 2011101738512A CN 201110173851 A CN201110173851 A CN 201110173851A CN 102828028 A CN102828028 A CN 102828028A
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- aluminium
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- ammonia
- aluminum ash
- plaster
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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Abstract
The invention relates to a comprehensive treatment technology of waste aluminum ash, and concretely relates to processes for producing aluminum hydroxide from the waste aluminum ash, producing refractory materials through utilizing waste residues, and producing ammonium chloride through utilizing wastewater and an exhaust gas. The technology is characterized in that a sodium aluminate solution and a plaster are generated through dissolving out the aluminum ash by a cycle alkaline solution having a high concentration Na2Ok 220g/l at a temperature of above 260DEG C under a pressure of above 60kg/cm<3>; the aluminum ash is washed with water to remove most chlorides before the dissolving-out of the aluminum ash by the cycle alkali solution, and the obtained washing solution is used for absorbing ammonia generated in the dissolving-out process; and the plaster generated by the aluminum ash is used for producing refractory bricks or castable materials. A large amount of ammonia is contained in the waste aluminum ash, and ammonium chloride is prepared through recovering the ammonia with a salt washing solution in a cycle mode, so the ammonia pollution is eliminated, and products are prepared from the ammonia. The sodium aluminate solution undergoes crystal seed decomposition to generate an aluminum hydroxide fire retardant and a decomposition mother solution, and the aluminum ash is dissolved after the decomposition mother solution evaporates.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aluminium scrap ash comprehensive processing technique, be specifically related to the aluminium scrap ash and produce aluminium hydroxide fire retardant and utilize waste residue to produce refractory materials, utilize waste water and gas to produce the process method of ammonium chloride.
Background technology
The aluminium scrap ash mainly is created on aluminum oxide and produces in the process of aluminium through fused salt electrolysis, owing to operation with measure the carrying of utensil, anode change, go out reasons such as aluminium, ingot casting and electrolytic cell overhaul, can produce a certain amount of aluminium slag.1 ton of aluminium of general every production will produce 30～50 kg aluminium slag aluminium ash.In recent years, China's aluminium throughput and output increase considerably, and aluminium output surpassed 1,500 ten thousand tons in 2010, produce 450,000～750,000 tons of aluminium ashes.Secondly, aluminium is in the consumer applications process, owing to ingot casting, repeatedly remelting, alloyage, component casting; Or forging, extruding, rolling, cut etc., all will produce aluminium slag aluminium ash or useless assorted aluminium, the recovery of useless assorted aluminium still will produce aluminium slag aluminium ash, and it is grey that the whole process of aluminium processed and applied per ton will produce 30～40 kg aluminium slag aluminium.The aluminium consumption sustainable growth of China in 2010 surpasses 1,100 ten thousand tons, will produce 330,000～550,000 tons of aluminium slag aluminium ashes same every year.Once more, the aluminium scrap regeneration and the recovery that is processed into goods again are generally 75%～85%.The 1 ton of aluminium scrap of regenerating will produce 150～250 kg aluminium slag aluminium ash, and China's secondary aluminum output was 4,000,000 tons in 2010, and only this item will produce about 750,000 tons of aluminium ash.
The concrete composition of aluminium scrap ash is different different because of producing the path, mainly is made up of the mixture of metallic aluminium simple substance, oxide compound and salt flux.According to the difference of aluminium content, the aluminium ash generally can be divided into following two kinds: secondary aluminium ash, color are pearl so be called white aluminium ash again.Being not add in electrolysis primary aluminum and casting etc. to produce in the salt flux process, is that a kind of staple is the mixture of aluminium and al oxide, and aluminium content can reach 15%～70%; Two secondary aluminiums ash comprises containing 12%～18% aluminium, salt flux, oxide compound etc., is black aluminium ash and the mixture that useless ash, scrap, scrap stock etc. produce after salt bath treatment reclaims, and is called as salt-cake because of it is consolidated into bulk.In fact, the aluminium scrap ash of storing up in a large number at present all is the product behind the metallic aluminium in having extracted two secondary aluminium ashes, can be three secondary aluminiums ash.This aluminium ash is containing metal aluminium hardly, mainly contains materials such as al oxide, salt flux.
There has been a lot of patented technologies the aluminium scrap ash to be carried out the processing of different modes; As: patent of invention 200610048565.2 waste slag of aluminum, useless grey comprehensive utilization treatment process; Adopt caustic soda dissolved aluminum waste residue, useless ash to obtain sodium aluminate, further produce white lake and zeolite; Waste residue is joined the soda ash sintering again, extracts aluminum oxide.The method of patent of invention 200610117078.7 usefulness preparing sodium aluminate from waste aluminium ash has proposed the technology of producing solid sodium aluminate with caustic soda leaching aluminium scrap ash.The method of manufacture of patent of invention 200610107027.6 trihydrate alumina fire retardant from aluminum ash adopts acid to dissolve with alkali respectively and dissolves aluminium ash output sodium aluminate and Tai-Ace S 150, reacts the Technology that generates fire retardant again.The foregoing invention patent has proposed the process method of aluminium ash employing caustic soda stripping; But the waste residue to behind the stripping aluminium ash does not have treatment process; The off gas treatment that aluminium ash process in leaching is produced does not relate to, and the muriate in the aluminium scrap ash is not handled, and does not obviously reach the purpose of aluminium scrap ash comprehensive treating process.Patent of invention 200810115443.x extracts aluminium and muriatic method in the aluminium ash for one kind, and water leaches muriate behind the aluminium in extracting the aluminium ash, and revaporization obtains the muriate crystallization.Only mention employing vaporize draw muriate, failed to further consider the method that adopts the chloride soln absorbing waste gas.
Summary of the invention
A kind of aluminium scrap ash comprehensive processing technique is characterized in that adopting high temperature more than 260 ℃, high pressure 60kg/cm
3More than, high density Na
2O
kThe circulation alkali liquor stripping aluminium ash that 220g/l is above generates sodium aluminate solution and plaster.
Aluminium scrap ash comprehensive processing technique of the present invention is characterized in that before circulation alkali liquor stripping aluminium ash, adopts the method for washing aluminium ash; The most chlorate of eccysis; After the filtering separation, solid is that clean aluminium ash goes the circulation alkali liquor stripping, and washing lotion is used to absorb the ammonia that process in leaching produces.
Aluminium scrap ash comprehensive processing technique of the present invention is characterized in that the plaster that the aluminium ash produces, and contains a large amount of a-aluminum oxide (being commonly called as corundum), can be used as the raw material of high alumina refractory, is used to produce refractory brick or mould material.
Aluminium scrap ash comprehensive processing technique of the present invention is characterized in that the plaster that the aluminium ash produces, and alkali content is higher, just can be used for refractory materials after the employing dealkalize agent dealkalize.Plaster and dealkalize agent mix, 80～100 ℃ of dealkalize temperature, 2～4 hours dealkalize time.
Aluminium scrap ash comprehensive processing technique of the present invention is characterized in that containing a large amount of ammonias in the aluminium scrap ash, accounts for 10% of total amount, is to cause main air pollution sources.Ammonia can come out in aluminium ash heat-processed in dissipation, adopts the circulation of salt washing lotion to reclaim ammonia and processes ammonium chloride, has not only eliminated the pollution of ammonia, can also be made into product and sell, and obtains economic benefit.
Aluminium scrap ash comprehensive processing technique of the present invention is characterized in that sodium aluminate solution carries out special decomposition of crystal seed, output aluminium hydroxide fire retardant and decomposition nut liquid, and later dissolved aluminum is grey again after the decomposition nut liquid evaporation.
Embodiment
Instance 1:
(1) pre-treatment of aluminium ash
Owing to added multiple auxiliary agent during the aluminium melting, make the chemical ingredients and the thing phase composite more complicated of aluminium ash, before the alkali stripping, need carry out pre-treatment to the aluminium ash.At first use hot wash aluminium ash, through filtration will be wherein NaCl, KCl eccysis, salts solution is discharged to inhales the ammonia groove, the aluminium ash after washing joins preparatory stripping groove.
(2) stripping of aluminium ash
Aluminium ash after washing and the stripping reaction under 100 ℃ of conditions of normal pressure of the circulation alkali liquor of high density Na2Ok220g/l are discharged the ammonia in the aluminium ash.The salts solution circulation that ammonia usefulness is washed behind the ash is absorbed as ammonium chloride solution.Aluminium ash after the stripping continues the stripping reaction under 265 ℃ of high temperature, high pressure 60kg/cm3 condition in advance, extracts the solvable aluminum oxide in the aluminium ash as far as possible.Aluminium ash after the stripping produces sodium aluminate solution and plaster through filtering separation.
(3) sodium aluminate solution crystal seed decomposes
Sodium aluminate solution adopts the mode output white lake and the decomposition nut liquid of decomposition of crystal seed.In order to reach the granularity requirements of fire retardant white lake, the crystal seed that sodium aluminate solution decomposes must pass through special making, and seed is than 0.01～0.05.Decomposition is carried out under 45 ℃～50 ℃ conditions, 10～20 hours resolving times.Decompose back stripping slurries and filter with rubber belt type filter, wash simultaneously, filter cake is gone into the white lake storehouse, and filtrating is gone into filtrate receiver.
(4) plaster takes off sodium production refractory materials
The plaster that the aluminium ash produces adds dealkalize agent dealkalize at the filter cake groove and handles 100 ℃ of dealkalize temperature, 2 hours dealkalize time.Mud after the dealkalize through the rubber belt type filter filtration washing after, and process adobe after sticker such as clay mixes, dry, send sintering oven to sinter refractory brick into.
(5) solid ammonium chloride is produced
Containing a large amount of ammonias in the aluminium scrap ash, account for 10% of total amount, is to cause main air pollution sources.Ammonia can come out in aluminium ash heat-processed in dissipation, adopts the circulation of salt washing lotion to reclaim ammonia and processes ammonium chloride, has not only eliminated the pollution of ammonia, can also be made into product and sell, and obtains economic benefit.
Instance 2:
(1) pre-treatment of aluminium ash
With hot wash aluminium ash, through filtration will be wherein NaCl, KCl eccysis, salts solution is discharged to inhales the ammonia groove, the aluminium ash after washing joins preparatory stripping groove.
(2) stripping of aluminium ash
Aluminium ash after washing and the stripping reaction under 100 ℃ of conditions of normal pressure of the circulation alkali liquor of high density Na2Ok250g/l are discharged the ammonia in the aluminium ash.The salts solution circulation that ammonia usefulness is washed behind the ash is absorbed as ammonium chloride solution.Aluminium ash after the stripping continues the stripping reaction under 275 ℃ of high temperature, high pressure 80kg/cm3 condition in advance, extracts the solvable aluminum oxide in the aluminium ash as far as possible.Aluminium ash after the stripping produces sodium aluminate solution and plaster through filtering separation.
(3) sodium aluminate solution crystal seed decomposes
Sodium aluminate solution adopts the mode output white lake and the decomposition nut liquid of decomposition of crystal seed.In order to reach the granularity requirements of fire retardant white lake, the crystal seed that sodium aluminate solution decomposes must pass through special making, and seed is than 0.02～0.05.Decomposition is carried out under 50 ℃～55 ℃ conditions, 20～26 hours resolving times.Decompose back stripping slurries and filter with rubber belt type filter, wash simultaneously, filter cake is gone into the white lake storehouse, and filtrating is gone into filtrate receiver.
(4) plaster takes off sodium production refractory materials
The plaster that the aluminium ash produces adds dealkalize agent dealkalize at the filter cake groove and handles 80 ℃ of dealkalize temperature, 3 hours dealkalize time.Mud after the dealkalize through the rubber belt type filter filtration washing after, and process adobe after sticker such as clay mixes, dry, send sintering oven to sinter refractory brick into.
(5) solid ammonium chloride is produced
Containing a large amount of ammonias in the aluminium scrap ash, account for 10% of total amount, is to cause main air pollution sources.Ammonia can come out in aluminium ash heat-processed in dissipation, adopts the circulation of salt washing lotion to reclaim ammonia and processes ammonium chloride, has not only eliminated the pollution of ammonia, can also be made into product and sell, and obtains economic benefit.
Claims (6)
1. aluminium scrap ash comprehensive processing technique adopts high temperature more than 260 ℃, high pressure 60kg/cm
3More than, high density Na
2O
kThe circulation alkali liquor stripping aluminium ash that 220g/l is above generates sodium aluminate solution and plaster.
2. a kind of aluminium scrap ash comprehensive processing technique according to claim 1; It is characterized in that before circulation alkali liquor stripping aluminium ash; Adopt the method for washing aluminium ash, the most chlorate of eccysis is after the filtering separation; Solid is that clean aluminium ash goes the circulation alkali liquor stripping, and washing lotion is used to absorb the ammonia that process in leaching produces.
3. a kind of aluminium scrap ash comprehensive processing technique according to claim 1 is characterized in that the plaster that the aluminium ash produces, and contains a large amount of a-aluminum oxide (being commonly called as corundum), is the raw material of high alumina refractory, is used to produce refractory brick or mould material.
4. a kind of aluminium scrap ash comprehensive processing technique according to claim 1 is characterized in that containing a large amount of ammonias in the aluminium scrap ash, is to cause main air pollution sources.Ammonia can come out in aluminium ash heat-processed in dissipation, adopts the circulation of salt washing lotion to reclaim ammonia and processes ammonium chloride, has eliminated the pollution of ammonia, can also be made into product and sell.
5. a kind of aluminium scrap ash comprehensive processing technique according to claim 1 is characterized in that sodium aluminate solution carries out decomposition of crystal seed, output aluminium hydroxide fire retardant and decomposition nut liquid, and later dissolved aluminum is grey again after the decomposition nut liquid evaporation.
6. according to claim 1,3 described a kind of aluminium scrap ash comprehensive processing techniques, it is characterized in that the plaster that the aluminium ash produces, alkali content is higher, just can be used for refractory materials after the employing dealkalize agent dealkalize.Plaster and dealkalize agent mix, 80～100 ℃ of dealkalize temperature, 2～4 hours dealkalize time.
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| CN2011101738512A CN102828028A (en) | 2011-06-18 | 2011-06-18 | Comprehensive treatment technology of waste aluminum ash |
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| CN2011101738512A CN102828028A (en) | 2011-06-18 | 2011-06-18 | Comprehensive treatment technology of waste aluminum ash |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103265273A (en) * | 2013-05-29 | 2013-08-28 | 洛阳金石再生资源开发有限公司 | Treatment process of aluminum ash for producing brown fused alumina |
| CN103274436A (en) * | 2013-05-29 | 2013-09-04 | 洛阳金石再生资源开发有限公司 | Method for producing brown fused alumina by use of aluminum ash low-temperature smelting |
| CN107697884A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-02-16 | 上海添诚商务发展有限公司 | The harmless treatment Application way of aluminium ash |
| CN107986705A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-05-04 | 南通大学 | Guardrail base fills preparation method for material |
| CN109678186A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2019-04-26 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of method of Quadratic aluminum dust recycling |
| CN111978090A (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2020-11-24 | 沈阳绿冶新材科技有限公司 | Aluminum-silicon light refractory castable and preparation method thereof |
| CN113387379A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-09-14 | 贵阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 | Method for ensuring that chlorine gas amount in discharged flue gas reaches standard and is discharged in comprehensive utilization process of aluminum ash |
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| CN101717100A (en) * | 2009-11-28 | 2010-06-02 | 大连化工研究设计院 | Method for producing low-salt high-quality soda ash dense |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103265273A (en) * | 2013-05-29 | 2013-08-28 | 洛阳金石再生资源开发有限公司 | Treatment process of aluminum ash for producing brown fused alumina |
| CN103274436A (en) * | 2013-05-29 | 2013-09-04 | 洛阳金石再生资源开发有限公司 | Method for producing brown fused alumina by use of aluminum ash low-temperature smelting |
| CN103265273B (en) * | 2013-05-29 | 2014-11-05 | 洛阳金石再生资源开发有限公司 | Treatment process of aluminum ash for producing brown fused alumina |
| CN109678186A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2019-04-26 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of method of Quadratic aluminum dust recycling |
| CN107697884A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-02-16 | 上海添诚商务发展有限公司 | The harmless treatment Application way of aluminium ash |
| CN107986705A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-05-04 | 南通大学 | Guardrail base fills preparation method for material |
| CN111978090A (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2020-11-24 | 沈阳绿冶新材科技有限公司 | Aluminum-silicon light refractory castable and preparation method thereof |
| CN111978090B (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2021-05-14 | 沈阳绿冶新材科技有限公司 | Aluminum-silicon light refractory castable and preparation method thereof |
| CN113387379A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-09-14 | 贵阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 | Method for ensuring that chlorine gas amount in discharged flue gas reaches standard and is discharged in comprehensive utilization process of aluminum ash |
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Application publication date: 20121219 |