CN102821446A - Synchronous awaking mechanism of long-term and deep dormant wireless sensor network - Google Patents
Synchronous awaking mechanism of long-term and deep dormant wireless sensor network Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a synchronous awaking mechanism of a long-term and deep dormant wireless sensor network. Through externally adding a clock chip and electrifying the clock chip by adopting a standby battery when a power module is undervoltage, the synchronous awaking mechanism can enhance the node timing precision so as to reach the synchronization on the physical layer. The clock chip can time the time in the form of years, months, days, hours, minutes and seconds, so that the maneuverability of the dormancy timing is improved. A synchronization algorithm taking a monitoring center clock as a standard is adopted to correct a distributed clock in software, thereby realizing the synchronization on a MAC (media access control) layer. A long\short time dormancy combination method is adopted to solve the problem that topology changes because nodes join or quit the network, so that the nodes in the new structure and the network are synchronically dormant. Sink nodes adopting dormant mode are more energy-saving, and moreover, the network energy can be balanced and the service life of the network is prolonged.
Description
Technical field
Wireless sensor network → low-power consumption → dormancy revive technology → revive synchronously.
Background technology
Carry the finite energy problem for solving the environmental monitoring wireless sensor network node, often from being equipped with continued power equipment (like solar panels) and during the sampling interval, prolonging network lifecycle aspect two of the dormancy.Existing wireless sensor node sleep mode is divided three classes substantially: CPU dormancy, band internal memory sleep mode, deep-sleep.Need not in the wireless sensor monitoring network practical application of frequent Information Monitoring at some, available when long, deep-sleep saves to greatest extent energy.
The method that node wakes up is divided into two kinds: the one, and WOL, the 2nd, wake up this locality.WOL sends wake-up signal by aggregation node or leader cluster node to general node
[1], this not dormancy of transceiver module that wakes the mode node up, the still big energy-saving effect of power consumption is remarkable inadequately; The timer that wake up through node this locality preestablishes the dormancy duration
[2], revive voluntarily.For guaranteeing to revive synchronously, accomplish the transmission and the forwarding of whole network data; The method requires the still accurately timing under park mode of intra-node clock; Not because of the accumulated error between rest period (particularly in hour, day; Revive the operating time in second, minute long-time dormancy in), lose synchronously, cause periods of network disruption.
In common wireless sensor network node, JN51 series (comprising JN5121, JN5139, JN5148 etc.) product core that Jennic company produces adopts 32bit MCU, and operational performance is higher; Can need not to add the ARM plate in addition directly as aggregation node control GPRS module, power consumption is lower; Propagation distance (measured distance>200 meters) far away; The interface that inside is contained is numerous, conveniently docks with polytype transducer, and debugging is convenient.The CC2430 that TI company produces
[3]It is less to extend out interface; CPU is 8051 kernels of 8bit, need add the ARM plate when being aggregation node control GPRS.Consider to converge in the monitoring network of energy consumption and the connection of polymorphic type transducer at need, JN51 series has superiority.But the internal clocking of JN51 series when dormancy has maximum can reach 30% error; Dormancy in short-term is because of unifying refresh time in the period of reviving; So within the specific limits still can the retention time synchronous, but when the dormancy duration be several hours, several days or when longer, timing error will be up to several hours.For addressing this problem, the present invention adopts and adds clock chip, and supplies power with stand-by power supply in rest period, guarantees timing accuracy, on physical layer, reaches synchronous; Simultaneously, adopt calibration method to adjust distributed clock, on the MAC layer, realize synchronously.Network energy is saved in dormancy when adopting length; Adopt long the method that combines of dormancy in short-term solve the change in topology problem that node adds or exits network and produce, make the new construction lower node can with the Network Synchronization dormancy; On aggregation node, also adopt sleep mode to save energy, make network each point energy further balanced.This locality is waken the employing interrupt mode up; Interrupt signal by adding the clock chip generation is waken node up; Clock chip is with year/moon/day/time/minute/second form timing, can need not to fill in internal clocking with the mode of conversion dormancy number again according to need the write direct wakeup time of node of user.
Documents
[1] the self-adapting dormancy method patent of invention publication number 100438474C of the bright cluster structured radio sensor network data of Zhu of Univ. of Science and Engineering, PLA Yun Xu You cloud Cai Yue link layer, open date 2008.11.26
[2] Pla Information Engineering University magnifies dragon and flies the open date 2009.10.14 of a kind of wireless sensor network active mode resting dispatching method patent of invention of Zhang Xiaoyi Li Ou Li Qing publication number 101557408A in liberal-mindedness and vigorous endurance Guo Yun
[3] CC2430 user's manual http://wenku.baidu.com/view/c8bbbb05bed5b9f3f90f1ca3.html.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that 1, will solve
Open inconvenient to JN5139 wireless sensor node source code through searching timing defect correction synchronous error; The present invention is through adding clock chip, when power module is under-voltage, adopting the method for reserve battery to the clock chip power supply; Improve the node accuracy of timekeeping, on physical layer, reach synchronous; Clock chip improves dormancy operability regularly with the form timing of date Hour Minute Second.Adopting on the software with monitoring center's clock is that the synchronized algorithm of benchmark comes correction profile formula clock, on the MAC layer, realizes synchronously; Adopt long the method that combines of dormancy in short-term solve the change in topology problem that node adds or exits network and produce, make the new construction lower node can with the Network Synchronization dormancy; Aggregation node also adopts the mode of dormancy further energy-conservation, and the equalizing network energy prolongs network life.
2, technical scheme
The present invention relates to long the time dormancy wireless sensor node synchronously the mechanism of reviving comprise hardware and software two parts.
(1) hardware components of node comprises power module, JN5139 node, PCF8563 clock chip, and stand-by power supply is as shown in Figure 1.JN5139 is supplied power by power module, through I
2The external PCF8563 clock chip of C interface with write readout clock information; PCF8563 provides the clock with date mode timing, supplies node that the dormancy recovery time is set; The PCF8563 interrupt pin links to each other in order to wake node up with the DIO pin of JN5139; PCF8563 provides clock by external crystal-controlled oscillation 32768, and power supply adopts the dual power supply pattern to guarantee at the rest period accurate timing.
The JN5139 node is provided with recovery time according to actual needs, sends into PCF8563 clock chip inside and writes register; Recovery time then, PCF8563 produces interrupt signal at the INT pin and sends into JN5139, wakes node up and reworks.
(2) software section is to add outside under the high precondition of clock chip accuracy of timekeeping to implement.
The general step of the wireless sensor network monitoring system work of dormancy is as shown in Figure 2 when long:
Aggregation node is opened, and sets up a network, and sets up ID number.
Connect between aggregation node and the monitoring center, obtain monitoring center and after the time local zone time is proofreaied and correct.
General node is sought network, communicates by letter with aggregation node in the success back.
General node transmitting supervisory data and local zone time are given aggregation node.
Aggregation node is read local zone time, and sends to general node to dormancy information and clock information.
General node converts dormancy information to the date form and sends into clock chip with clock information.
General nodal clock chip is revised local clock, and sets up recovery time.
Be carved into during dormancy, general node begins dormancy when long, (the length of dormancy time can year be the unit meter).
Aggregation node is after receiving all node datas or the operating time of setting
T 2To the back dormancy.
The recovery time of setting by clock chip to, produce interrupt signal and wake node up.Aggregation node is waken up early than general node.
The transmission and the time adjustment of new round data begin.
For preventing the generation of distributed clock cumulative errors, adopt the method for clock correction shown in Figure 3.Aggregation node is waken up at every turn and behind monitoring center's acquisition time, local clock is proofreaied and correct earlier; After reviving, general node all can send local clock to aggregation node; Aggregation node compares the clock information and the local clock of the general node of receiving; Calculate relative error and send back to general node and see the clock that converges simultaneously off, general node is received and is at first refreshed own clock after the control information and add relative error to compensate the timekeeping system error of next dormancy period generation.Through after the several times corrections, the requirement condition that whole wireless sensor monitoring network can dormancy when long is issued to synchronously.
Cause the network topology conversion when in new node adding network or network, having node to withdraw from, some node need be sought network again.Be in resting state like network, the general node that changes adopts intrinsic dormancy when long, will be in to seek net state and wake up up to network always, and it is huge to consume energy.At this moment, can adopt long the method that combines of dormancy in short-term realize seeking the process of network, as shown in Figure 4.The operating time that general node powers on or the back of waking up is being set
T 3In, as not searching out network, just set up a dormancy period in short-term
T 4Get into dormancy, be carved into when reviving, general node continues to seek network; As search out network and just accept to converge clock information and the dormancy information of sending, set up dormancy period when long
T 1And with network dormancy synchronously.
3, beneficial effect
Through adding clock chip, improve accuracy of timekeeping; Adopt the dual power supply pattern, network node after the dormancy, still can be revived when long synchronously; Take the mode of time adjustment, further revise synchronised clock.Node makes things convenient for the setting of dormancy recovery time with date mode timing.Aggregation node also dormancy solves the bottleneck problem of energy consumption in the network to save energy.The present invention has improved the accuracy of timekeeping of widely used JN5139 series node, need not in the wireless sensor monitoring network of frequent Information Monitoring at some, available when long deep-sleep come to save to greatest extent energy.
Said I
2C interface data communications method and data read the connection that mode is not limited to the external clock chip, and the expansion that can be applicable to other external chips connects.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1. the hardware connection layout of node
Fig. 2. the general machine-processed flow chart of synchronous dormancy during Chief Web Officer
Fig. 3. the network node clock correction method
Fig. 4. long dormancy in short-term combines seeks the network method sketch map
1, JN5139 node 2, PCF8563 clock chip 3, power module 4, stand-by power supply 5,32.768KHz external crystal-controlled oscillation 6,6V storage battery 7, HT7330
Embodiment
Come the object of the invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect to the detailed description of the invention for further explaining below in conjunction with embodiment and with reference to accompanying drawing and related program code.
1, hardware connects
Of the present inventionly be applicable to that the wireless sensor node of dormancy comprises JN5139 node 1, exterior PC F8563 clock chip 2, power module 3 and stand-by power supply 4 when long.JN5139 series node is that Beijing rich news Science and Technology Ltd. produces, and the chip of node 1 is JN5139, and operating frequency is 2.45GHz, and operating voltage is 3V.Power module 3 comprises storage battery 6 and voltage conversion circuit.For supporting the long field work time, storage battery 6 adopts the 6V12Ah storage battery.For making power supply and node operating voltage coupling, adopting HT7330 voltage stabilizing chip 7 is that the burning voltage of 3V is given node 1 and 2 power supplies of PCF8563 clock chip with the 6V voltage transitions of storage battery 6.PCF8563 clock chip 2 also is furnished with stand-by power supply 4, links to each other to prevent the current reversal charging through diode, and this stand-by power supply can adopt the 3V button cell; PCF8563 provides clock with 32.768KHz external crystal-controlled oscillation 5.
Node 1 passes through I with PCF8563 clock chip 2
2C interface links to each other, and JN5139 node 1 is as main control unit, and PCF8563 clock chip 2 is as the subordinate chip.The DIO14 pin of JN5139 links to each other with the SCL pin of clock chip, in order to synchronous read-write clock to be provided; The DIO15 pin of JN5139 links to each other with the SDA pin of clock chip, is used for access time information, is the half-duplex mode of operation;
pin of PCF8563 clock chip links to each other with 5139 chip DIO10 pins, wakes clock up in order to the interrupt signal that produces a low level triggering.
Node passes through I
2The step that C interface is write the time is: when bus was not in a hurry, data wire and clock line kept high level.Send an initial signal through number a tree name line and start I
2C interface; The tranmitting data register chip write clump address 0A2H; Send the next register address that will visit; Clock data is write clock chip according to the address.
Node through the step of I2C interface read time is: when bus was not in a hurry, data wire and clock line kept high level.Send an initial signal through number a tree name line and start I
2C interface; The tranmitting data register chip write clump address 0A2H; Send the next register address that will visit; The tranmitting data register chip read clump address 0A3H; Master chip JN5139 is read and sent into to time data in the clock chip.
The method that employing adds clock can make the precision of JN5139 internal clocking bring up to a second level by a minute level.
2, software section is to add outside under the high precondition of clock chip accuracy of timekeeping to implement.
With dormancy 8 hours was example, and the wireless sensor network monitoring system image data of dormancy is 0 point in every day, 8 and 16 points when long.The general step of work is as shown in Figure 2:
Aggregation node is opened, and sets up a network, and sets up ID number; Set up the operating time
T 1It is 10 minutes.
Aggregation node is communicated by letter with monitoring center, obtains monitoring center's time, the correcting local clock.
General node is sought network, communicates by letter with aggregation node in the success back; Otherwise, continue to seek network.
General node is set up the operating time
T 2Be 2 minutes, transmitting supervisory data and local zone time (form of date Hour Minute Second) are given aggregation node.
Aggregation node dormancy period when long
T 3(for example 8 hours once) and clock correction information send to general node.
General node reads clock information, the time (8 points, 16 or second day 0 point) of next time reviving according to sampling interval of receiving and local clock calculating.Recovery time is sent into clock chip with the form of date Hour Minute Second with clock information.
General nodal clock chip is revised local clock; Set up hour and minute warning register according to recovery time.
Operating time
T 1Time arrives, and general node begins dormancy in 8 hours, (the length of dormancy time can year be the unit meter).
Aggregation node is after receiving all node datas or the operating time of setting
T 2To the back dormancy.
The recovery time of setting by clock chip to, produce interrupt signal and wake node up.Aggregation node is waken up (revive and constantly to be 7:55,15:55,23:55) early than general node, reserves the sufficient time to let aggregation node set up network and communicate by letter with host computer.
General node is revived, and the transmission and the time adjustment of new round data begin.
For preventing the generation of distributed clock cumulative errors, adopt the method for clock correction shown in Figure 3.After reviving at every turn, general node all can send local clock to aggregation node; Aggregation node compares the clock information and the local clock of the general node of receiving, calculates relative error
and sends back to general node and see the clock that converges simultaneously off.After general node is received information; Make correction data
; Write clock chip converging the clock information
sent time, to compensate the timekeeping system error that next dormancy period produces as oneself.Through after the several times corrections, the requirement condition that whole wireless sensor monitoring network can dormancy when long is issued to synchronously.
Cause network topological change when in new node adding network or network, having node to withdraw from, some node need be sought network again.At this moment, adopt long the method that combines of dormancy in short-term realize seeking the process of network, as shown in Figure 4.The operating time that general node powers on or the back of waking up is being set
T 2In, as not searching out network, set up a dormancy period in short-term
T 4(being made as 2 minutes in this example, in order to avoid the work period after missing network and reviving) gets into dormancy, and after being carved into when reviving, general node continues to seek network, and sets up the short-term operation time
T 5(being made as for 10 seconds in this example); As search out network and just receive and converge clock information and the dormancy information of sending, set up dormancy period when long
T 1And with network dormancy synchronously.The method that adopts long dormancy in short-term to combine can be so that seek dormancy mechanism energy-conservation 83.3% when the network process ratio is simple to use length.
Claims (2)
1. the deep-sleep wireless sensor network mechanism of reviving synchronously is characterized in that when long, when long the dormancy wireless sensor node synchronously the mechanism of reviving comprise hardware and software two parts; The hardware components of node comprises power module, JN5139 node, PCF8563 clock chip, stand-by power supply; JN5139 is supplied power by power module, through I
2The external PCF8563 clock chip of C interface with write readout clock information; PCF8563 provides the clock with date mode timing, supplies node that the dormancy recovery time is set; The PCF8563 interrupt pin links to each other in order to wake node up with the DIO pin of JN5139; PCF8563 provides clock by external crystal-controlled oscillation 32768, and power supply adopts the dual power supply pattern to guarantee at the rest period accurate timing; The JN5139 node is provided with recovery time according to actual needs, sends into PCF8563 clock chip inside and writes register; Recovery time then, PCF8563 produces interrupt signal at the INT pin and sends into JN5139, wakes node up and reworks; Software section is to add outside under the high precondition of clock chip accuracy of timekeeping to implement; When long under the general step of the wireless sensor network monitoring system work of dormancy:
Aggregation node is opened, and sets up a network, and sets up ID number;
Connect between aggregation node and the monitoring center, obtain monitoring center and after the time local zone time is proofreaied and correct;
General node is sought network, communicates by letter with aggregation node in the success back;
General node transmitting supervisory data and local zone time are given aggregation node;
Aggregation node is read local zone time, and sends to general node to dormancy information and clock information;
General node converts dormancy information to the date form and sends into clock chip with clock information;
General nodal clock chip is revised local clock, and sets up recovery time;
Be carved into during dormancy, general node begins dormancy when long, (the length of dormancy time can year be the unit meter);
Aggregation node is after receiving all node datas or the operating time of setting
T 2To the back dormancy;
The recovery time of setting by clock chip to, produce interrupt signal and wake node up;
Aggregation node is waken up early than general node;
The transmission and the time adjustment of new round data begin.
2. the deep-sleep wireless sensor network mechanism of reviving synchronously when long as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, for preventing the generation of distributed clock cumulative errors, adopts the method for clock correction; Aggregation node is waken up at every turn and behind monitoring center's acquisition time, local clock is proofreaied and correct earlier; After reviving, general node all can send local clock to aggregation node; Aggregation node compares the clock information and the local clock of the general node of receiving; Calculate relative error and send back to general node and see the clock that converges simultaneously off, general node is received and is at first refreshed own clock after the control information and add relative error to compensate the timekeeping system error of next dormancy period generation; Through after the several times corrections, the requirement condition that whole wireless sensor monitoring network can dormancy when long is issued to synchronously;
Cause the network topology conversion when in new node adding network or network, having node to withdraw from, some node need be sought network again; Be in resting state like network, the general node that changes adopts intrinsic dormancy when long, will be in to seek net state and wake up up to network always, and it is huge to consume energy; At this moment, can adopt long the method that combines of dormancy in short-term realize seeking the process of network; The operating time that general node powers on or the back of waking up is being set
T 3In, as not searching out network, just set up a dormancy period in short-term
T 4Get into dormancy, be carved into when reviving, general node continues to seek network; As search out network and just accept to converge clock information and the dormancy information of sending, set up dormancy period when long
T 1And with network dormancy synchronously.
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| CN107732340A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-02-23 | 宁波三星医疗电气股份有限公司 | A kind of clock restorative procedure based on intelligent power terminal clock battery undervoltage |
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| CN111935691A (en) * | 2020-08-12 | 2020-11-13 | 深圳市蓝信物联科技有限公司 | Wireless low-power-consumption configuration method and device |
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| CN111970654B (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2023-03-24 | 成都慧简联信息科技有限公司 | Sensor node dynamic energy-saving sampling method based on data characteristics |
| CN111935691A (en) * | 2020-08-12 | 2020-11-13 | 深圳市蓝信物联科技有限公司 | Wireless low-power-consumption configuration method and device |
| CN111935691B (en) * | 2020-08-12 | 2024-01-16 | 深圳市蓝信物联科技有限公司 | Wireless low-power consumption configuration method and device |
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