CN102820968A - One-time pad transmission system for measurement and control signals between transformer stations based on quantum key distribution - Google Patents
One-time pad transmission system for measurement and control signals between transformer stations based on quantum key distribution Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a one-time pad transmission system for measurement and control signals between transformer stations based on quantum key distribution. The one-time pad transmission system comprises a transmission unit A (4), a quantum key distribution sending unit (3), a quantum key distribution receiving unit (10), an encrypting and decrypting unit A and an encrypting and decrypting unit B, wherein the transmission unit B (7) interacts data with the transmission unit A (4) through an unencrypted communication channel (5); and the quantum key distribution receiving unit (10) is communicated with the quantum key distribution sending unit (3) through a quantum key channel (6). With the adoption of the one-time pad transmission system for the measurement and control signals between the transformer stations based on quantum key distribution provided by the invention, the security problem that how confidential and complete transmission of information is ensured through the measurement and control signals during unattended/attended, remote and intelligent monitoring, operation and maintenance progresses of the transformer stations is solved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electric power system quantum communications technical field, be specifically related to a kind of based on observing and controlling signal one-time pad transmission system between the transformer station of quantum key distribution.
Background technology
One-time pad is that a kind of system is simple and have a cryptographic system of maintaining complete secrecy property.The quantum communications technology be a kind of with the quantum-mechanical theory be the basis safety communication technology of new generation.Quantum key distribution is based on the secure communication mode that principles of quantum physics is carried out key transmission distribution, is the confidentiality that the utilization sub-feature obtained or improved communication, is one of core of quantum communication system.
Electric power commercial cipher key mainly refers to the AES of national commercial cipher management office appointments such as SM1, SM2, SM3, SMS4, SM6 (SCB2), SSF33.
Transformer station is bearing the voltage of transformation grade, is compiling trend, distributing functions such as electric energy, adjustment voltage, reply fault, is the important component part of intelligent grid.The intellectuality operation of transformer station is the important foundation that realizes intelligent grid.This has just proposed increasingly high requirement to safe and reliable, the economical and efficient of transformer station, environmental friendliness, resources conservation etc.Simultaneously, transformer station is unmanned/few peopleization, long-range, intelligent monitoring O&M, the secure communication of automation control information has proposed challenge, needs to seek better secure communication mode.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming above-mentioned defective; The invention provides a kind of based on observing and controlling signal one-time pad transmission system between the transformer station of quantum key distribution; Technology such as application quantity quantum key distribution, national commercial cipher, one-time pad; Solve secure communication problem under present transformer station's complex electromagnetic environment, solve transformer station unmanned/how to ensure the safety problem that the information of confidentiality and integrity is transmitted in the few peopleization, long-range, intelligent monitoring O&M process.
The present invention proposes a kind of based on observing and controlling signal one-time pad transmission system between the transformer station of quantum key distribution; Technology such as application quantity quantum key distribution, national commercial cipher, one-time pad; Solve secure communication problem under present transformer station's complex electromagnetic environment, solve transformer station unmanned/how to ensure the safety problem that the information of confidentiality and integrity is transmitted in the few peopleization, long-range, intelligent monitoring O&M process.
System of the present invention; The application scenarios that is fit to secure communication between intelligent substation main website or concentrator station and the transformer station relates to the schedule voice signal of IPization, wide area phasor measurement system (PMU) signal of IPization, the relaying protection of IPization and the safety and stability automatic control and management system signal of fault information management system signal, IPization etc. and maintains complete secrecy and communicate by letter.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose; It is a kind of based on observing and controlling signal one-time pad transmission system between the transformer station of quantum key distribution that the present invention provides, and comprising: transmission unit A (4) and with its through non-encrypted communication channel (5) carry out data interaction transmission unit B (7) and quantum-key distribution transmitting element (3) and with its quantum-key distribution receiving element (10), encrypting and decrypting unit A and encrypting and decrypting unit B that communicates through quantum key channel (6); Its improvements are that said transmission system comprises: quantum-key distribution transmitting element (3) and with its quantum-key distribution receiving element (10), encrypting and decrypting unit A and encrypting and decrypting unit B that communicates through quantum key channel (6); Said quantum-key distribution transmitting element receives the key that said encrypting and decrypting unit A produces, and transmits key through said quantum key channel (6) to said quantum-key distribution receiving element; Said quantum-key distribution receiving element transmits key to said encrypting and decrypting unit B; The modulating/demodulating mode of said quantum key distribution is based on polarization state coding or based on phase code; The quantum key distribution agreement adopts inveigles attitude (Decoy state) agreement.
In the optimal technical scheme provided by the invention, said encrypting and decrypting unit A comprises: one-time pad encryption/decryption element A (1) and to its transmission password electric power commercial cipher key generation unit (2); Said one-time pad encryption/decryption element A deciphers the information that receives from said transmission unit A, and with being delivered to said transmission unit B through said transmission unit A after the plain text encryption to be passed.
In second optimal technical scheme provided by the invention, said encrypting and decrypting unit B comprises: one-time pad encryption/decryption element B (8) and to its transmission password electric power commercial cipher recovery unit (9); Said one-time pad encryption/decryption element B deciphers the information that receives from said transmission unit B, and with being delivered to said transmission unit A through said transmission unit B after the plain text encryption to be passed.
In the 3rd optimal technical scheme provided by the invention, said one-time pad encryption/decryption element A and said one-time pad encryption/decryption element B comprise respectively: the ciphering unit (21) and the decryption unit (22) that receive the electric power commercial cipher respectively; Said ciphering unit is encrypted plaintext to be passed; Said decryption unit is deciphered the ciphertext that receives.
In the 4th optimal technical scheme provided by the invention, said electric power commercial cipher key generation unit and said electric power commercial cipher recovery unit comprise respectively: key selection module, judge module, compression ratio 128 are provided with module, compression ratio 1024 is provided with module and cryptographic key computing module; Said judge module receives said key and selects the module information transmitted; And judged result is transferred to said compression ratio 128 respectively module and said compression ratio 1024 are set module is set carries out the compression ratio setting, said compression ratio 128 is provided with module and said compression ratio 1024 and signal data that module will handle is set is delivered to said cryptographic key computing module and carries out cryptographic key and calculate.
In the 5th optimal technical scheme provided by the invention, said judge module judges whether that the quantum channel quality improves, and is provided with module if the words of quantum channel quality improvement then transfer signals to said compression ratio 128; Otherwise transfer signals to said compression ratio 1024 module is set.
In the 6th optimal technical scheme provided by the invention, said compression ratio 128 is provided with module and adopts 128 compression ratio to transmit to the signal that receives; Said compression ratio 1024 is provided with module and adopts 1024 compression ratio to transmit to the signal that receives.
In the 7th optimal technical scheme provided by the invention, said cryptographic key computing module utilizes AES that the signal that receives is carried out encryption key distribution.
In the 8th optimal technical scheme provided by the invention, said AES comprises: the AES of national commercial cipher management office appointments such as SM1, SM2, SM3, SMS4, SM6 and SSF33.
In the 9th optimal technical scheme provided by the invention, said quantum key channel is simple optical fiber or the wireless laser atmosphere list wavelength communication channel in the optical cable.
In the tenth optimal technical scheme provided by the invention, said non-encrypted communication channel (5) is SDH/MSTP transmission network, local area network (LAN), the Internet or the 2G/3G cordless communication network that connects between A ground and the B ground.
In the more preferably technical scheme provided by the invention, said ciphering unit is encrypted plaintext to be passed, and on A ground, the key stream that specifically produces through cleartext information and electric power commercial cipher key generation unit is pursued bit logic XOR and handled realization; On B ground, the key stream that specifically produces through cleartext information and electric power commercial cipher recovery unit is pursued bit logic XOR and is handled realization.
Provided by the invention second more preferably in the technical scheme, and said decryption unit is deciphered the ciphertext that receives, and on A ground, the key stream that specifically produces through cipher-text information and electric power commercial cipher key generation unit pursue bit logic XOR and handled realization; The key stream that specifically produces through cipher-text information and the commercial sign indicating number of electric power recovery unit on B ground is pursued bit logic XOR and is handled realization.
With the prior art ratio; Provided by the invention a kind of based on observing and controlling signal one-time pad transmission system between the transformer station of quantum key distribution, solved transformer station unmanned/the information that how to ensure confidentiality and integrity in the few peopleization, long-range, intelligent monitoring O&M process transmits safety problem; Moreover; Use scene of the present invention for example; Be fit to the secure communication between main website of transformer station or concentrator station and the transformer station; Relate to maintaining complete secrecy of the schedule voice signal of IPization, wide area phasor measurement system (PMU) signal of IPization, the relaying protection of IPization and the safety and stability automatic control and management system signal of fault information management system signal, IPization etc. and communicate by letter, but be not limited to this.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the simple embodiment sketch map of one-time pad transmission system.
Fig. 2 is the embodiment simplified diagram based on observing and controlling signal one-time pad transmission system between the transformer station of quantum key distribution.
Fig. 3 is the embodiment sketch map of one-time pad encryption/decryption element.
Fig. 4 electric power commercial cipher key generates the embodiment sketch map of selecting logic.
Embodiment
The present invention is applied to power industry; Serve intelligent grid; Be specifically related to the application scenarioss such as the automation of transformation substations, intellectuality, safety detection control O&M and management of electric power system; The present invention proposes a kind of based on observing and controlling signal one-time pad transmission system between the transformer station of quantum key distribution; Solve secure communication problem under information transmission that following technical field relates to and safety problem of communicating by letter and the complex electromagnetic environment, the technical field that relates to comprises: high pressure, superhigh pressure and ultra-high voltage transformer station technical field, transformer station be unmanned/and technical fields such as few peopleization, long-range, intelligent monitoring O&M.
As the application scenarios of secure communication between main website of transformer station or concentrator station and the transformer station, enumerated relaying protection and the fault information management system signal of wide area phasor measurement system (PMU) signal, the IPization of schedule voice signal, the IPization of IPization, the safety and stability automatic control and management system signal of IPization etc. and used based on the one-time pad secret signalling of quantum key distribution.
Based on observing and controlling signal one-time pad transmission system between the transformer station of quantum key distribution, said system comprises the commercial key of one-time pad secure communication, electric power based on quantum key distribution.
Said one-time pad transmission system based on quantum key distribution, solve transformer station unmanned/the information that how to ensure confidentiality and integrity in the few peopleization, long-range, intelligent monitoring O&M process transmits safety problem.
Said application scenarios of the present invention; Be fit to the secure communication between main website of transformer station or concentrator station and the transformer station; But be not limited to this, relate to maintaining complete secrecy of the schedule voice signal of IPization, wide area phasor measurement system (PMU) signal of IPization, the relaying protection of IPization and the safety and stability automatic control and management system signal of fault information management system signal, IPization etc. and communicate by letter.
Based on the secure communication mode that principles of quantum physics is carried out key transmission distribution, be the confidentiality that the utilization sub-feature obtained or improved communication; Quantum key distribution is accomplished at the quantum secure passage; The quantum key channel is realized the single photon transmission of Information, is simple optical fiber or the wireless laser atmosphere list wavelength communication channel in the optical cable; Transmitting terminal cryptographic key stream modulation single-photon source, receiving terminal demodulates cryptographic key stream through single-photon detector; The modulating/demodulating mode of quantum key distribution is based on polarization state coding or based on phase code; The quantum key distribution agreement adopts inveigles attitude (Decoy state) agreement.
The key stream that electric power commercial cipher key generation unit or electric power commercial cipher recovery unit produce through handling with the bit logic XOR that pursues of cleartext information stream to be passed, is accomplished the encryption of cleartext information to be passed; Through handling, accomplish the deciphering of the cipher-text information that receives with the bit logic XOR that pursues of the cipher-text information stream that receives; Encrypted cleartext information to be passed transmits in the general communication passage, is wireless or wired bi-directional communication channel.
Electric power commercial cipher key; The AES that mainly refers to national commercial cipher management office appointments such as SM1, SM2, SM3, SMS4, SM6 (SCB2), SSF33, definition electric power commercial cipher key output password speed is compression ratio with the ratio of quantum-key distribution unit key speed.When the secret channel quality of quantum better or optical-fibre channel less than the application scenarios of 30km, adopt compression ratio to get 128; Relatively poor or optical-fibre channel adopts compression ratio to get 1024 greater than the application scenarios of 30km when the secret channel quality of quantum.
Based on observing and controlling signal one-time pad transmission system between the transformer station of quantum key distribution like Fig. 1, shown in 2:
A kind of based on observing and controlling signal one-time pad transmission system between the transformer station of quantum key distribution, comprising: transmission unit A (4) and carry out the transmission unit B (7) of data interaction through non-encrypted communication channel (5) with it; Said transmission system comprises: quantum-key distribution transmitting element (3) and with its quantum-key distribution receiving element (10), encrypting and decrypting unit A and encrypting and decrypting unit B that communicates through quantum key channel (6); Said quantum-key distribution transmitting element transmits password through said encrypting and decrypting unit A to said transmission unit A, and said quantum-key distribution receiving element transmits password through said encrypting and decrypting unit B to said transmission unit B.
Said encrypting and decrypting unit A comprises: one-time pad encryption/decryption element A (1) and to its transmission password electric power commercial cipher key generation unit (2); Said one-time pad encryption/decryption element A deciphers the information that receives from said transmission unit A, and with being delivered to said transmission unit B through said transmission unit A after the plain text encryption to be passed.
Said encrypting and decrypting unit B comprises: one-time pad encryption/decryption element B (8) and to its transmission password electric power commercial cipher recovery unit (9); Said one-time pad encryption/decryption element B deciphers the information that receives from said transmission unit B, and with being delivered to said transmission unit A through said transmission unit B after the plain text encryption to be passed.
Said one-time pad encryption/decryption element A and said one-time pad encryption/decryption element B comprise respectively: the ciphering unit (21) and the decryption unit (22) that receive the electric power commercial cipher respectively; Said ciphering unit is encrypted plaintext to be passed; Said decryption unit is deciphered the ciphertext that receives.
Said electric power commercial cipher key generation unit and said electric power commercial cipher recovery unit comprise respectively: key selection module, judge module, compression ratio 128 are provided with module, compression ratio 1024 is provided with module and cryptographic key computing module; Said judge module receives said key and selects the module information transmitted; And judged result is transferred to said compression ratio 128 respectively module and said compression ratio 1024 are set module is set carries out the compression ratio setting, said compression ratio 128 is provided with module and said compression ratio 1024 and signal data that module will handle is set is delivered to said cryptographic key computing module and carries out cryptographic key and calculate.
Said judge module judges whether that the quantum channel quality improves, and transfers signals to said compression ratio 128 module is set if the situation of quantum channel quality improvement is next; Otherwise transfer signals to said compression ratio 1024 module is set.
Said compression ratio 128 is provided with module and adopts 128 compression ratio to transmit to the signal that receives; Said compression ratio 1024 is provided with module and adopts 1024 compression ratio to transmit to the signal that receives.
Said cryptographic key computing module utilizes AES that the signal that receives is carried out encryption key distribution.
Said AES comprises: SM1, SM2, SM3, SMS4, SM6 and SSF33.
Said quantum key channel is optical fiber or wireless laser atmosphere list wavelength communication channel.
The selection logic of electric power commercial cipher key of the present invention is seen Fig. 4.The selection logic diagram is following: key is selected module, selects electric power commercial cipher key according to demand.
Judge module judges whether that the quantum key channel quality improves.To quantum key channel 6, the ratio of definition electric power commercial cipher key output password speed and quantum-key distribution unit key speed is that the ratio of compression ratio password speed is a compression ratio.When the quantum key channel quality better or optical-fibre channel less than the application scenarios of 30km, adopting compression ratio is 128, promptly to 3.3 compression ratios=128; Relatively poor or optical-fibre channel is greater than the application scenarios of 30km when the quantum key channel quality, and adopting compression ratio is 1024, promptly to 3.4 compression ratios=1024.
Compression ratio=128, on A ground, electric power commercial cipher key generation unit 2 output password speed are 128 with the ratio of quantum-key distribution transmitting element key speed; On B ground, electric power commercial cipher recovery unit 9 output password speed are 128 with the ratio of quantum-key distribution unit 10 output key speed.
Compression ratio=1024, on A ground, electric power commercial cipher key generation unit 2 output password speed are 1024 with the ratio of quantum-key distribution transmitting element 3 key speed; On B ground, electric power commercial cipher recovery unit 9 output password speed are 1024 with the ratio that quantum-key distribution is accepted unit 10 output key speed.
The cryptographic key computing module is supported national commercial cipher AESs such as SM1, SM2, SM3, SMS4, SM6 (SCB2), SSF33.
What need statement is that content of the present invention and embodiment are intended to prove the practical application of technical scheme provided by the present invention, should not be construed as the qualification to protection range of the present invention.Those skilled in the art can do various modifications, be equal to replacement or improvement under spirit of the present invention and principle inspiration.But these changes or modification are all in the protection range that application is awaited the reply.
Claims (13)
1. one kind based on observing and controlling signal one-time pad transmission system between the transformer station of quantum key distribution, comprising: transmission unit A (4) and with its through non-encrypted communication channel (5) carry out data interaction transmission unit B (7) and quantum-key distribution transmitting element (3) and with its quantum-key distribution receiving element (10), encrypting and decrypting unit A and encrypting and decrypting unit B that communicates through quantum key channel (6); It is characterized in that said transmission system comprises: quantum-key distribution transmitting element (3) and with its quantum-key distribution receiving element (10), encrypting and decrypting unit A and encrypting and decrypting unit B that communicates through quantum key channel (6); Said quantum-key distribution transmitting element receives the key that said encrypting and decrypting unit A produces, and transmits key through said quantum key channel (6) to said quantum-key distribution receiving element; Said quantum-key distribution receiving element transmits key to said encrypting and decrypting unit B; The modulating/demodulating mode of said quantum key distribution is based on polarization state coding or based on phase code; The quantum key distribution agreement adopts inveigles attitude (Decoy state) agreement.
2. transmission system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said encrypting and decrypting unit A comprises: one-time pad encryption/decryption element A (1) and to its transmission password electric power commercial cipher key generation unit (2); Said one-time pad encryption/decryption element A deciphers the cipher-text information that receives from said transmission unit A, and with being delivered to said transmission unit B through said transmission unit A after the plain text encryption to be passed.
3. transmission system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said encrypting and decrypting unit B comprises: one-time pad encryption/decryption element B (8) and to its transmission password electric power commercial cipher recovery unit (9); Said one-time pad encryption/decryption element B deciphers the cipher-text information that receives from said transmission unit B, and with being delivered to said transmission unit A through said transmission unit B after the plain text encryption to be passed.
4. according to claim 2 or 3 described transmission systems, it is characterized in that said one-time pad encryption/decryption element A and said one-time pad encryption/decryption element B comprise respectively: the ciphering unit (21) and the decryption unit (22) that receive the electric power commercial cipher respectively; Said ciphering unit (21) is encrypted plaintext to be passed; Said decryption unit (22) is deciphered the ciphertext that receives.
5. according to claim 2 or 3 described transmission systems; It is characterized in that said electric power commercial cipher key generation unit and said electric power commercial cipher recovery unit comprise respectively: cryptographic key selection module, judge module, compression ratio 128 are provided with module, compression ratio 1024 is provided with module and cryptographic key computing module; Said judge module receives said key and selects the module information transmitted; And judged result is transferred to said compression ratio 128 respectively module and said compression ratio 1024 are set module is set carries out the compression ratio setting, said compression ratio 128 is provided with module and said compression ratio 1024 and signal data that module will handle is set is delivered to said cryptographic key computing module and carries out cryptographic key and calculate.
6. transmission system according to claim 5; It is characterized in that; Said judge module judges whether that the quantum channel quality improves, if the quantum channel quality better or optical-fibre channel transfer signals to said compression ratio 128 module be set less than the situation of 30km is next; Otherwise transfer signals to said compression ratio 1024 module is set.
7. transmission system according to claim 5 is characterized in that, said compression ratio 128 is provided with module and adopts 128 compression ratio to transmit to the signal that receives; Said compression ratio 1024 is provided with module and adopts 1024 compression ratio to transmit to the signal that receives.
8. transmission system according to claim 5 is characterized in that, said cryptographic key computing module utilizes AES that the signal that receives is carried out cryptographic key and distributes.
9. transmission system according to claim 8 is characterized in that, said AES comprises: SM1, SM2, SM3, SMS4, SM6 and SSF33.
10. transmission system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said quantum key channel is simple optical fiber or the wireless laser atmosphere list wavelength communication channel in the optical cable.
11. transmission system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said non-encrypted communication channel (5) is SDH/MSTP transmission network, local area network (LAN), the Internet or the 2G/3G cordless communication network that connects between A ground and the B ground.
12. transmission system according to claim 4; It is characterized in that; Said ciphering unit is encrypted plaintext to be passed, and on A ground, the key stream that specifically produces through cleartext information and electric power commercial cipher key generation unit is pursued bit logic XOR and handled realization; On B ground, the key stream that specifically produces through cleartext information and the commercial key recovery of electric power unit is pursued bit logic XOR and is handled realization.
13. transmission system according to claim 4; It is characterized in that; Said decryption unit is deciphered the ciphertext that receives, and on A ground, the key stream that specifically produces through cipher-text information and electric power commercial cipher key generation unit is pursued bit logic XOR and handled realization; The key stream that specifically produces through cipher-text information and the commercial key recovery of electric power unit on B ground is pursued bit logic XOR and is handled realization.
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