Background technology
Pilosity is penetrated branch to device (Mehrsendeweichen)---and promptly so-called " Manifold mixer " is used for two or more transmission channels are connected to a common antenna traces in the radio broadcasting field.At this, so connect reflector, make their non-interference as far as possible.The frequency difference of transmission channel is more little, and then so-called uncoupling is just more difficult.According under the less situation of the channel pitch of frequency or also under the situation of tunable tranmitting frequency, use the filter branch to device usually, wherein, realize uncoupling through the narrow band filter that is connected to the reflector back.It also can be used to suppress simultaneously spurious emissions and therefore be used as integrated shielding filter.Filter output is suitable for so connecting through the corresponding matched network, makes in the operation passage, to have good as far as possible coupling.Yet, not matching in the outside existence of operation passage, feasible HF signal with the frequency beyond the operation passage is reflected to a great extent and does not therefore perhaps propagate towards antenna at least greatly damply towards the antenna propagation.
This matching network realizes that by means of pipeline wherein, line length makes useful signal as far as possible only on antenna direction, propagate respectively usually.
In order to set forth known Manifold structure,, wherein, be coupled on the common antenna traces A with reference to Fig. 3 filter F1 to Fn inductance type.Said antenna traces A passes (hindurchschleifen) each filter F1 to Fn here respectively successively, promptly on each of filter, has input gate and the out gate B that is used for antenna traces respectively at outlet side
Ein, B
AusTherefore, filter has three doors or splicing ear, promptly is used for the said input gate and the out gate B of antenna connection line
Ein, B
AusAnd filter input end F
Ein, the feed-in that transmits accordingly on said filter input end is to carry out filtering.Antenna traces A finishes with antenna output end AT at outlet side at a side short circuit K.
Disclose a kind of directional coupler with two coupling output branch roads by US 2009/0045887A1, its electrical length is shorter than λ/4.Realize the good directional characteristic of said device through following mode: coupling output branch road is electrically connected to each other on an end.In addition, one in the coupling output branch road is finished with tunable impedance on another end, and another coupling output branch road keeps open.
Disclose a kind of pilosity by DE 695 15 815T2 and penetrated branch to device, it has by what circuit, jockey (T branch) and stub device were formed and adds overall network, wherein, realizes coupling through the electrical length that changes stub by means of the control signal of being carried.
Summary of the invention
The present invention based on task be to propose a kind of being used for along the device of signal path coupling HF; It is so constructed, and makes the natural resonance that possibly between corresponding filter and coupling input position, occur along signal path be positioned at operating frequency range frequency range in addition at least.In addition, coupling device will likewise be suitable for the coupling of different filter types, and is that various filter types provide connection possibility more flexibly through said mode.In addition; Proposing a kind of being used for is input to a favourable device of cost on the common emission circuit with the coupling of at least two HF signals; Wherein, Said at least two HF signals are assigned a transmission channel respectively, are connected with a band pass filter respectively along said transmission channel, and said band pass filter will be launched circuit accordingly and be coupled on the said signal path.
In claim 1 and 10, explained the present invention based on the solution of task.Advantageously expanded the characteristic of the present invention's design by the theme of dependent claims and with reference to the description of embodiment.
According to the solution of task of the present invention based on following thought: the coupling HF signal along signal path condenser type ground, wherein, coupling capacitance places signal path.
Be used for along the device of signal path coupling HF signal according to the solution requirement protection is a kind of; Wherein, Said signal path extends between the first coaxial HF syndeton and the second coaxial HF syndeton, and wherein, these two coaxial HF syndetons have the inner wire that is electrically connected to each other through a line construction respectively; And the coupled structure condenser type ground of a said line construction and conduction coupling can be along the signal path HF signal that is coupled through said coupled structure.Said line construction connects these two coaxial HF syndetons each other continuously.Line structure along the line is offered directed hole or the opening in longitudinal extension substantial lateral ground with respect to line construction, and first section of said coupled structure passes said hole or opening.First section and the line construction of coupled structure are spaced apart from each other by means of insulator.The HF signal can be between first section of coupled structure and line construction capacitive couplings.
In principle, said device also is suitable for the HF signal is transmitted from signal path coupling output and through coupled structure and connected filter cell fully.Yet preferably, said device is suitable for the HF signal is input in the signal path between the coaxial HF syndeton through the coupled structure coupling.
In addition, have realized that according to solution above coupling device can be with acting on the basic structure that near few two HF signals coupling is input to the structure of a device on the common emission circuit.This device is the theme of claim 10.In said at least two HF signals each is applied on the transmission channel, is connected with a band pass filter respectively along said transmission channel, and said band pass filter will be launched circuit accordingly and be coupled on the said signal line.According to solution; For said at least two HF signals coupling is input on the said common emission circuit; Be provided with an above-described coupling device for each emission circuit; Wherein, distribute to each coupling device the coupled structure condenser type be coupled on the band pass filter of corresponding transmission channel.In addition; The HF syndeton of each coupling device respectively aspect HF
be connected to each other or be coupled, make the line construction that between the HF of two coupling devices syndeton, extends and form said common emission circuit in HF syndeton coupled to each other aspect the HF respectively.
Embodiment
The coupling device that is used for along signal path SP coupling HF signal HF is shown at the device shown in Fig. 1 simplifiedly; Said signal path form with line construction 5 between the first coaxial HF syndeton 1 of coupled structure and the second coaxial HF syndeton 2 is extended, and said line construction is connected to each other two inner wires 3,4 of coaxial HF syndeton 1,2.The coupled structure 12 line structures along the line 5 condenser type ground coupling of conduction, HF signal HF can be input among the signal path SP or coupling output from signal path SP through said coupled structure coupling.Be input in the situation among the signal path SP in the signal coupling, from unshowned emission circuit aspect HF signal HF be provided, said emission circuit is coupled on the coupling device through coupled structure 12 through filter apparatus B.
For reduced representation, HF syndeton 1,2 only is expressed as the rectangle symbol, and is such as shown filter B, and said filter can connect 19 through suitable joint and be placed in removably regularly on the housing 11 that surrounds coupling device.In addition, housing 11 is so implemented, and makes it can be opened or have unlimited or closeable opening in a plurality of positions, so that can realize simple assembling.Schematically show inner wire 3,4 and line construction 5 equally, that is to say, size and configuration (especially the zone of the transition from inner wire 3,4 to line construction 5) can greatly be different from the geometry shown in the said figure.Those skilled in the art can be as requested---and for example the power, wave resistance, coupling capacitance, compressive resistance or the like of wavelength, the HF signal size of being correlated with is confirmed.
Line construction 5 preferred Construction integration ground are used for the electrical connection of the inner wire 3,4 of coaxial HF syndeton 1,2.Then preferably medially have directed hole or the opening 13 in vertical extension substantial lateral ground with respect to line construction 5 with respect to line construction 5, first section 6 of coupled structure 12 passes said hole or opening.Said first section 6 of coupled structure 12 is surrounded by the electrical insulator 7 of a sleeve-like structure at least in part diametrically; Said electrical insulator is on the one hand mechanically from the whole coupled structure 12 of supporting ground supporting; Preferably by means of engage (Passf ü gung), the constant distance in the sleeve wall thickness of the section 6 of coupled structure 12 through insulator 7 and conductor structure 5 intervals one in addition.Realized the capacitor arrangement of tubular capacitor form thus, its capacitive coupling intensity remains unchanged, even when moving coupled structure 12 in the vertical extension in coupled structure 12 with external filter B electric capacity coupling, as following still to set forth.
For fear of transmission or the power loss when transmitting the HF signal, line construction 5 is preferably processed by brass, copper, aluminium, silver or gold.Also can consider the one manufacturing of line construction of processing by copper, brass or aluminium 5 and the face coat that constitutes by silver metal golden or similar good conductive.
As from can seeing the embodiment shown in Fig. 1; The first coaxial HF syndeton 1 and the second coaxial HF syndeton 2 are placed in the shell nozzle place respectively on housing 11, inner wire 3,4 line constructions 5 connected to one another of HF syndeton 1,2 are incorporated in its enclosure interior.First section of the roofbolt columnar structure of coupled structure 12 is positioned at the inside of housing 11 and accurately so is bearing in the inside of the insulator 7 of hollow cylindrical ordinatedly, makes first section 6 of coupled structure 12 not only can rotate but also can move along bar longitudinal axis 14 around its bar longitudinal axis 14.Rotate and vertically move by means of device 15 shaft-like or pin columnar structure, said device cooperates indirectly or directly with first section 6 of coupled structure 12 and passes housing wall 10 protruding housings 11.Can be through on the housing or the outer corresponding retaining device of housing vertically moving of coming that stop regulates.
In addition, housing 11 with first housing wall, 10 opposed second housing walls 18 on have opening 9, coupled structure 12 pass opening 9 with first section 6 at second section 8 that is connected aspect the HF.
On second housing wall 18, also be mounted with syndeton 19; For example the outside HF assembly 20 of filter B form mechanically is arranged on the said syndeton 19 removably regularly, and HF signal HF can be input to the coupled structure 12 and first section, 6 condenser type ground through coupled structure 12 are coupled through the tubular capacitor device and are input in the line construction 5 through the coupling of second section 8 from said outside HF assembly.
Second section 8 of coupled structure 12 is at distolateral profile with tabular or plate-like, and it is used for and outside HF assembly 20 capacitive couplings.In order to make the external signal coupling between coupled structure 12 and the external module optimum, by means of shaft-like device 15 coupled structure 12 is vertically moved at least and work.When the profile of for example distolateral tabular or plate-like has the shape that is different from about the rotational symmetry of bar longitudinal axis 14, but the also rotation of Considering Coupling Effect structure 12 distaff longitudinal axis 14.
The glamour according to solution of coupling device especially is; The electric coupling relation of capacitive coupling input area and geometrical arrangements (it has the form of tubular capacitor structure in said embodiment) line structure 5 along the line, promptly remain unchanged, and be responsible for simultaneously: can carry out the change that external module 20 is coupled to the coupled relation on the coupling device individually optimizing on the meaning along signal path SP.Cramped construction through coupling device can also be constructed the line length between capacitive coupling input area and the external module as far as possible shortly; Have advantage aspect the formation natural resonance thus, the frequency range that said natural resonance preferably is being arranged in beyond the operating frequency range under the short situation of line length forms.Can be to coupling device through the turnability of coupled structure 12 and/or vertically moving property with the different external component placement.Therefore, need not the heteroid coupling device of deposit as so far.In addition; Coupling device according to solution is a temperature-insensitive because maybe by temperature decision, especially in said embodiment, have the bulking effect that occurs in the zone of capacitive coupling input area of tubular capacitor planform because the rotation symmetric construction about the bar longitudinal axis presents isotropism and so offsets.Especially, the expansion by the temperature decision of insulator only faintly influences stiffness of coupling owing to selected geometry.
Substitute in the form of implementation shown in Fig. 1---wherein HF syndeton 1,2 and shell nozzle 9 are positioned on the opposed housing wall, can consider that also other settle deformation program arbitrarily.For example, HF syndeton 1,2 can be arranged on the adjacent or identical housing wall with opening 9.Those skilled in the art can select suitable arrangement and the said device of modify.
In Fig. 2, illustrated be used for at least two HF signals (n HF signal here---HF1, HF2 ..., HFn) coupling is input to the embodiment of a device on the common emission circuit S.This device is also referred to as multiple love dart branch to device or Manifold mixer.N HF signal be applied to respectively separated from one anotherly each emission circuit S1, S2 ..., Sn is last, these emission circuits respectively through band pass filter B1...Bn condenser type be coupled on the said common emission circuit S.Said common emission circuit S (it typically is an antenna traces) is with line of departure terminal portion 22 short circuit on a side, and opposed line of departure terminal portion 25 is antenna output end AT.
Each emission circuit S1 ..., Sn through band pass filter B1, B2 ..., the coupling of Bn condenser type ground be input to launch the coupling input position O1 that belongs among the circuit S, O2 ..., On has the circuit fore-and-aft distance corresponding to the odd of λ i/4 with respect to the K of short circuit portion of a side respectively; Wherein, λ i is corresponding to the wavelength of launching the HF signal of circuit along i.Therewith correspondingly, select between coupling input position O1 and O2 or O2 and O3 or the like and the short circuit portion each part of path 22,23,24 ....Therefore, said system can expand arbitrarily, promptly is provided with the part of path that another correspondingly confirms size for any other transmission channel of importing of waiting to be coupled, and it forms the part of emission circuit S.
Respectively by means of the coupled structure of in Fig. 1, setting forth in detail 21 can distribute to each emission circuit S1, S2 ..., the HF signal HF1 of Sn, HF2 ..., the HFn coupling is input among the emission circuit S.In Fig. 2, mark coupled structure 21 relatively with each emission circuit respectively through the corresponding frame that is shown in dotted line.
Coupling device 21 has a housing (in Fig. 1 referring to Reference numeral 11) respectively; On said housing, be mounted with two HF syndetons 1,2, it has and is used to be coupled to the form that is positioned at the last coaxial splicing ear of coupling device 21 outside part of path 22,23,24....Form of implementation according to Fig. 1; The inner wire of coaxial splicing ear 1,2 connects by means of line construction conduction ground in corresponding enclosure interior, make line construction 5 with part of path 22,23,24 ... represent the part of antenna traces or common emission circuit S under the coefficient situation in principle.The size of selection wire line structure like this and housing makes it possible to realize being transferred to the loss-free as far as possible transmission of the HF signal on the emission circuit S respectively.
For along corresponding line construction and therefore along whole emission circuit S condenser type ground coupling import each HF signal HF1, HF2 ..., HFn; Each coupling device 21 has a tubular capacitor structure, and it has combined the embodiment among Fig. 1 to set forth.
The HF signal is coupled on the emission circuit S through the tubular capacitor structure condenser type and remains unchanged, the capacitive couplings of coupling device 21 can be respectively with filter B1 ..., the coupled relation of Bn is complementary.Typically, band pass filter B1, B2 ..., Bn is configured to the cavity resonance filter be made up of at cavity resonator coupled to each other aspect the HF one or more respectively.Can get into through second section 8 of coupled structure 12 depth of invasion (referring to Fig. 1) in the inner space of cavity resonator of band pass filters regulate coupling device 21 aspect the HF with corresponding band pass filter B1, B2 ..., the coupling of Bn; Its mode is, can change the depth of invasion of second section 8 through vertically moving of whole coupled structure 12 through installing 15.
Reference numerals list
1,2 coaxial syndetons
3, the inner wire of 4 syndetons
5 line constructions
First section of 6 coupled structures
7 insulators
Second section of 8 coupled structures
Opening in 9 second housing walls
10 first housing walls
11 housings
12 coupled structures exist 6 and 8
13 holes, opening
14 bar longitudinal axis
15 devices
18 second housing walls
19 syndetons
20 HF assemblies
21 are used for along the device of signal path coupling HF signal
22,23,24 part of paths
HF1, HF2 HF signal
S1, S2 transmission channel
The B band pass filter
λ
1, λ
2The wavelength of HF signal HF1, HF2
S launches circuit
K short circuit portion
O1, the O2 input position that is coupled
The SP signal path
The AT antenna output end