CN102818562A - 电容感应式自动验潮装置 - Google Patents

电容感应式自动验潮装置 Download PDF

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CN102818562A
CN102818562A CN 201210267767 CN201210267767A CN102818562A CN 102818562 A CN102818562 A CN 102818562A CN 201210267767 CN201210267767 CN 201210267767 CN 201210267767 A CN201210267767 A CN 201210267767A CN 102818562 A CN102818562 A CN 102818562A
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capacitive
microprocessor
sensing array
data
transmitting module
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刘雁春
付建国
王海亭
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
    • G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
    • G01F23/26—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields
    • G01F23/263—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields by measuring variations in capacitance of capacitors
    • G01F23/266—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields by measuring variations in capacitance of capacitors measuring circuits therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
    • G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
    • G01F23/26—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields
    • G01F23/263—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields by measuring variations in capacitance of capacitors
    • G01F23/265—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields by measuring variations in capacitance of capacitors for discrete levels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
    • G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
    • G01F23/26—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields
    • G01F23/263—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields by measuring variations in capacitance of capacitors
    • G01F23/268—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields by measuring variations in capacitance of capacitors mounting arrangements of probes

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Levels Of Liquids Or Fluent Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Testing Or Calibration Of Command Recording Devices (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开一种电容感应式自动验潮装置，其特征在于：设有柱体（1），在柱体（1）上竖向等间距排列有电容感应阵元（2），每个电容感应阵元（2）的输出均通过电容数字转换器（3）与微处理器（4）相接，与微处理器相接有数据变送模块（5）。利用电容感应阵元处于水面之上、下呈现不同电容值的特性，定时自动采集的相应水位的电容变化值并经过数据处理即可获得潮位数据，再通过数据变送模块即时发出，具有结构简单、成本低廉、坚固耐用、安装及操作容易、自动化程度及观测精度高等优点。

Description

电容感应式自动验潮装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种海洋潮位观测装置，尤其是一种结构简单、成本低廉、坚固耐用、安装及操作容易、自动化程度及观测精度高的电容感应式自动验潮装置。
背景技术
验潮是在某固定点按一定时间间隔对潮汐涨落所进行的观测，是海洋工程测量、航道测量、海洋调查、海港码头监测等工作的重要组成部分。目前，公知的验潮装置主要有验潮尺、浮子式验潮仪、声学验潮仪、压力式验潮仪等等。验潮尺属于开放型几何机械类验潮仪，测量时将其设立于码头壁或岸边，由测量人员直接人工观测读数，优点是结构简单、成本低廉、轻便灵活；缺点是自动化程度低、滤波能力差、观测精度低。浮子式验潮仪属于封闭型机械类验潮仪，通过随水面起伏的浮筒带动上面的记录滚筒转动，使得记录针在装有记录纸的记录滚筒上画线，记录水面的变化情况，达到自动记录潮位的目的。优点是仪器成本低、坚固耐用、自动化程度高、观测精度高、滤波性能好；缺点是安装时需要打井建站、安装成本高，仅适用于岸边的长期定点验潮；声学验潮仪是在海面以上某固定位置安放声学发射接收探头，通过检测声波发射至海面回波返回到声探头的历时来计算探头至海面的距离，从而得到海面随时间的变化。优点是成本较低、自动化程度高，缺点是由于波束角效应（即声波发射反射过程中作用到海面不是一个点而是一个圆域）使观测精度降低。压力式验潮仪属于封闭型压力类验潮仪，安置于海底或水下固定位置，通过检测海水的压力变化而推算出海面的起伏变化。优点是自动化程度高、轻便灵活、适用范围广，缺点是需满足对密封耐压的要求，故成本较高，且易被泥沙遮掩或覆盖。
发明内容
本发明是为了解决现有技术所存在的上述技术问题，提供一种结构简单、成本低廉、坚固耐用、安装及操作容易、自动化程度及观测精度高的电容感应式自动验潮装置。
本发明的技术解决方案是：一种电容感应式自动验潮装置，设有柱体，在柱体上竖向等间距排列有电容感应阵元，每个电容感应阵元的输出均通过电容数字转换器与微处理器相接，与微处理器相接有数据变送模块。
所述电容感应阵元、电容数字转换器与微处理器构成单元，在柱体上竖向至少设置两个单元，相邻单元之间设有连接件，每个单元均通过连接件与数据变送模块相接。
本发明利用电容感应阵元处于水面之上、下呈现不同电容值的特性，定时自动采集相应水位的电容变化值并经过数据处理即可获得潮位数据，再通过数据变送模块即时发出，具有结构简单、成本低廉、坚固耐用、安装及操作容易、自动化程度及观测精度高等优点。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例1的结构示意图。
图2是本发明实施例1的电路原理框图。
图3是本发明实施例2的结构示意图。
图4是本发明实施例2的电路原理框图。
具体实施方式
实施例1：
如图1、图2所示：设有柱体1，柱体1可由具有防海水腐蚀性能的绝缘材料（聚乙烯）制成，在柱体1上竖向等间距排列有电容感应阵元2，电容感应阵元2即导体材料制成的导电片，其排列间距及密度与潮位测量精度相关，间距越小、密度越大，精度越高。利用导线将各电容感应阵元2均与电容数字转换器3（CDC）相接，电容数字转换器3的输出与微处理器4相接，与微处理器相接有数据变送模块5。电容数字转换器3采用ANALOG DEVICES 的AD7147，微处理器4采用PIC单片机，数据变送模块5由ARM与蓝牙模块构成。整个电路采用固定在柱体1的锂电池供电，所有电器件都要进行防海水腐蚀密封处理，可用硬塑料绝缘外壳密封，也可采用塑料膜包覆或树脂涂覆等。可在绝缘外壳上标有刻度，使其具有普通验潮尺的功能。
使用时，将柱体1固定在海水中某一测定点，其海水在柱体1上的水位会随潮汐而升降。由于柱体1竖向等间距排列的电容感应阵元2处于水面之上、下呈现不同电容值，该电容值定时由电容数字转换器3完成从电容到数字的转换，再将数据送至微处理器4，经微处理器4进行数字滤波等运算得到潮位数据。所得到的潮位数据经数据变送模块5进行存储并通过蓝牙模块，与外部进行数据交换。
实施例2：
如图3、图4所示：基本结构同实施例1，与实施例1所不同的是电容数字转换器3和微处理器4采用集成为一体的微处理器C8051F711 （Silicon Labs），与微处理器4相接有由微处理器C8051F410与RS485芯片组成的数据变送模块5。电容感应阵元2、电容数字转换器3与微处理器4构成单元6，在柱体1竖向上至少设置两个单元6（增加单元6的数目会增大本发明的验潮范围），相邻单元6之间设有连接件7，每个单元6均通过连接件7与数据变送模块5相接。
每个单元的微处理器4均同实施例1，将所测的各单元水位数据通过连接件7传送至数据变送模块5，数据变送模块5将所得到的各单元水位数据进行整合，得到有效的潮位数据，存储至非易失存储器，通过RS485总线与外部进行数据交换。

Claims (2)

1.一种电容感应式自动验潮装置，其特征在于：设有柱体（1），在柱体（1）上竖向等间距排列有电容感应阵元（2），每个电容感应阵元（2）的输出均通过电容数字转换器（3）与微处理器（4）相接，与微处理器相接有数据变送模块（5）。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电容感应式自动验潮装置，其特征在于：所述电容感应阵元（2）、电容数字转换器（3）与微处理器（4）构成单元（6），在柱体（1）上竖向至少设置两个单元（6），相邻单元（6）之间设有连接件（7），每个单元（6）均通过连接件（7）与数据变送模块（5）相接。
CN 201210267767 2012-07-31 2012-07-31 电容感应式自动验潮装置 Pending CN102818562A (zh)

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TWI645438B (zh) * 2017-12-14 2018-12-21 廣泰隆實業有限公司 水下自動啟動裝置
TWI732168B (zh) * 2018-02-01 2021-07-01 黃智淵 漁具入水檢測裝置及方法

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CN201583315U (zh) * 2010-02-10 2010-09-15 中国电子科技集团公司第四十九研究所 电容阵列式液位传感器探头及使用这种探头的液位传感器
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