CN102816442A - Composite material with high heat conductivity - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses composite material with high heat conductivity. The composite material with high heat conductivity comprises basis material and filler with high heat conductivity, wherein the shape of the filler with high heat conductivity is in any one of square, triangle, diamond, ellipse, T-shape, I-shape and Y-shape. The heat conductivity of the composite material is optimized through shape control of the filler, the selection range of the basis material is wide, the usage amount of the heat conduction filler is low, the heat conductivity of the obtained heat conduction composite material is excellent, the preparation process is simple, and the cost is low.

Description

A high thermal conductivity composite material

technical field

The invention relates to composite materials, in particular to a high thermal conductivity composite material. the

Background technique

With the increasing development of industrial production, the corrosion of equipment is becoming more and more prominent in the fields of chemical industry, petroleum, machinery, textile, metallurgy, aerospace, national defense, etc., especially in heat exchange occasions such as heat exchangers and heat pipes. Traditional metal materials can no longer meet the requirements of corrosion resistance and high thermal conductivity. Substrates such as plastic and rubber have excellent corrosion resistance, but their low thermal conductivity limits their application in heat exchange equipment. Blending and modifying these substrates with high thermal conductivity fillers is an effective way to improve the thermal conductivity of these substrates. The composite materials prepared by this method have the advantages of corrosion resistance, low price, light weight, and easy processing and molding. the

Although many literatures have reviewed the method of using high thermal conductivity filler to fill the base material to prepare high thermal conductivity composite material, the main problem of the existing high thermal conductivity composite material preparation method is: simply from the two aspects of increasing the thermal conductivity of the filler itself and increasing the filling amount Considering the problem, the problem is not considered from the perspective of changing the shape and arrangement of the filler; the shape of the thermally conductive filler is single, basically spherical (as shown in Figure 1), flake (as shown in Figure 2) or cylindrical (as shown in Figure 3 shown), there is no specific control of the shape and arrangement, and the effect of enhancing thermal conductivity is poor. The prepared thermal conductive composite material cannot achieve both thermal conductivity and mechanical properties, the thermal conductivity is not high, and it is difficult to meet the actual required performance, which limits the application of thermal conductive composite materials. the

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a composite material with high thermal conductivity, which can effectively enhance the thermal conductivity of the base material with a small filling amount. the

The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A high thermal conductivity composite material, including a base material and a high thermal conductivity filler, the shape of the high thermal conductivity filler is any one of square, triangle, rhombus, ellipse, T-shape, I-shape, and Y-shape. the

The substrate is paraffin, plastic or rubber. the

The high thermal conductivity filler is any one of copper, steel, iron, aluminum, graphite, graphene, silicon carbide, aluminum nitride and boron nitride. the

The high thermal conductivity fillers are oriented in the substrate, that is, the high thermal conductivity fillers are distributed in a uniform direction in the substrate, and the heat flow direction is along the maximum length direction of the high thermal conductivity fillers. the

Compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantage and beneficial effect:

1. The high thermal conductivity composite material of the present invention realizes enhanced thermal conductivity by changing the shape of the high thermal conductive filler, and the effect of enhanced thermal conductivity is better than that of traditional spherical, flake and cylindrical fillers. Starting from the shape of the filler, the thermal conductivity is strengthened, and the shape of the filler is artificially designed and optimized. the

2. The high thermal conductivity filler of the high thermal conductivity composite material involved in the present invention has a wide selection range of materials, less filling amount, and good thermal conductivity of the composite material. The high thermal conductivity filler in the present invention is made of common high thermal conductivity material, which is easy to obtain and low in price; by controlling the shape of the thermal conductivity filler, the high thermal conductivity effect of the composite material can be realized at a low filling amount. the

3. The preparation method of the high thermal conductivity composite material involved in the present invention has simple steps, does not require harsh processing conditions, and has a simple preparation process; the base materials such as plastics and rubber involved in the present invention and the raw materials of thermally conductive fillers can be purchased directly. the

4. The high thermal conductivity fillers of the present invention can be oriented and arranged to build a heat conduction network to maximize heat conduction. the

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of spherical packing. the

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of sheet-shaped packing. the

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a cylindrical packing. the

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a square packing. the

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a triangular packing. the

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a rhomboid packing. the

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of an elliptical packing. the

Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a T-shaped packing. the

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of an I-shaped packing. the

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. the

Example 1

After premixing 1 g of the square steel filler shown in Figure 4 and 10 g of paraffin wax powder with a high-speed mixer, the resulting mixture was pelletized with a twin-screw extruder to form a high thermal conductivity composite material. Among them, the mass content of the high thermal conductivity filler in the composite material is 9.1%. The prepared pellets were put into a standard mold for thermocompression molding at 57°C, and the test samples were cut according to the size of the test samples. the

The DRPL-I thermal conductivity measuring instrument was used to test the thermal properties of the samples. In addition, as a comparative example, the composite materials filled with traditional shapes shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, and Figure 3 were prepared by the same method and their thermal conductivity carry out testing. the

The results show that the thermal conductivity of the thermally conductive composite material prepared by adding square steel filler is 5 times that of pure paraffin, 3 times that of spherical steel filler-filled composite material, 2 times that of sheet-shaped steel filler-filled composite material, and 3 times that of cylindrical steel filler-filled composite material. The steel filler is 1.5 times that of the composite material. the

Example 2

After premixing 1g of the triangular copper filler shown in Figure 5 and 12g of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) powder with a high-speed mixer, the resulting mixture was pelletized with a twin-screw extruder to form a high thermal conductivity composite material. Among them, the mass content of the high thermal conductivity filler in the composite material is 7.7%. The prepared pellets were put into a standard mold and hot-pressed at 200°C, and the test samples were cut according to the size of the test samples. the

The DRPL-I thermal conductivity measuring instrument was used to test the thermal properties of the samples. In addition, as a comparative example, the composite materials filled with traditional shapes shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, and Figure 3 were prepared by the same method and their thermal conductivity carry out testing. the

The results show that the thermal conductivity of the thermally conductive composite prepared by adding triangular copper fillers is 6 times that of pure polyvinylidene fluoride, 4 times that of spherical copper filler-filled composites, and 3 times that of sheet-shaped copper filler-filled composites, 1.5 times that of cylindrical copper filler-filled composites. the

Example 3

After premixing 1g of the diamond-shaped graphite filler shown in Figure 6 and 11g of nitrile rubber (NBR) with a high-speed mixer, the resulting mixed powder was plasticized and kneaded at 120°C with an open-rolling plastic machine, and then the prepared The mixed material is crushed and granulated by a crusher to obtain a high thermal conductivity composite material. Among them, the mass content of the high thermal conductivity filler in the composite material is 8.3%. The prepared pellets were put into a standard mold and hot-pressed at 170°C, and the test samples were cut according to the size of the test samples. the

The DRPL-I thermal conductivity measuring instrument was used to test the thermal properties of the samples. In addition, as a comparative example, the composite materials filled with traditional shapes shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, and Figure 3 were prepared by the same method and their thermal conductivity carry out testing. the

The results show that the thermal conductivity of the thermally conductive composite material prepared by adding diamond-shaped graphite filler is 7 times that of pure NBR, 5 times that of spherical graphite filler-filled composite material, and 3 times that of sheet-shaped graphite filler-filled composite material. Cylindrical graphite filler fills the composite 2 times. the

Example 4

After premixing 1g of the elliptical iron filler shown in Figure 7 and 10g of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) powder with a high-speed mixer, the resulting mixture was pelletized with a twin-screw extruder to form a high thermal conductivity composite material. Among them, the mass content of the high thermal conductivity filler in the composite material is 9.1%. The prepared pellets were put into a standard mold and hot-pressed at 170°C, and the test samples were cut according to the size of the test samples. the

The DRPL-I thermal conductivity measuring instrument was used to test the thermal properties of the samples. In addition, as a comparative example, the composite materials filled with traditional shapes shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, and Figure 3 were prepared by the same method and their thermal conductivity carry out testing. the

The results show that the thermal conductivity of the thermally conductive composite prepared by adding elliptical iron fillers is 8 times that of pure low-density polyethylene, 5 times that of spherical iron filler-filled composites, and 4 times that of sheet-shaped iron filler-filled composites , 1.5 times that of cylindrical iron filler filled composites. the

Example 5

After premixing 1g of the T-shaped aluminum filler shown in Figure 8 and 10g of polypropylene (PP) powder with a high-speed mixer, the resulting mixture was pelletized with a twin-screw extruder to form a high thermal conductivity composite material. Among them, the mass content of the high thermal conductivity filler in the composite material is 9.1%. The prepared pellets were put into a standard mold and hot-pressed at 190°C, and the test samples were cut according to the size of the test samples. the

The DRPL-I thermal conductivity measuring instrument was used to test the thermal properties of the samples. In addition, as a comparative example, the composite materials filled with traditional shapes shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, and Figure 3 were prepared by the same method and their thermal conductivity carry out testing. the

The results show that the thermal conductivity of the thermally conductive composite material prepared by adding T-shaped aluminum filler is 7 times that of pure polypropylene, 4 times that of the composite material filled with spherical aluminum filler, and 3 times that of the composite material filled with sheet-shaped aluminum filler. Cylindrical aluminum filler fills the composite 2 times. the

Example 6

After premixing 1g of the I-shaped silicon carbide (SiC) filler shown in Figure 9 and 12g of nylon 66 (PA66) powder with a high-speed mixer, the resulting mixture was pelletized with a twin-screw extruder to form a high thermal conductivity composite material. Among them, the mass content of the high thermal conductivity filler in the composite material is 7.7%. The prepared pellets were put into a standard mold and hot-pressed at 270°C, and the test samples were cut according to the size of the test samples. the

The DRPL-I thermal conductivity measuring instrument was used to test the thermal properties of the samples. In addition, as a comparative example, the composite materials filled with traditional shapes shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, and Figure 3 were prepared by the same method and their thermal conductivity carry out testing. the

The results show that the thermal conductivity of the thermally conductive composite material prepared by adding I-shaped silicon carbide filler is 9 times that of pure nylon 66, 6 times that of the composite material filled with spherical silicon carbide filler, and 4 times that of the composite material filled with sheet-shaped silicon carbide filler. times, which is 3 times that of cylindrical silicon carbide filler-filled composites. the

Example 7

After premixing 1g of Y-shaped aluminum nitride (AlN) filler and 10g of polytetrafluoroethylene powder (PTFE) powder with a high-speed mixer, the resulting mixture was pelletized with a twin-screw extruder to form a high thermal conductivity composite material. Among them, the mass content of the high thermal conductivity filler in the composite material is 9.1%. The prepared pellets were put into a standard mold and hot-pressed at 170°C, and the test samples were cut according to the size of the test samples. the

The DRPL-I thermal conductivity measuring instrument was used to test the thermal properties of the samples. In addition, as a comparative example, the composite materials filled with traditional shapes shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, and Figure 3 were prepared by the same method and their thermal conductivity carry out testing. the

The results show that the thermal conductivity of the thermally conductive composite material prepared by adding Y-shaped aluminum nitride filler is 6.5 times that of polytetrafluoroethylene, 3 times that of the composite material filled with spherical aluminum nitride filler, and 3 times that of the composite material filled with sheet-shaped aluminum nitride filler. 2 times that of composite materials, and 1.5 times that of cylindrical aluminum nitride filler-filled composite materials. the

Example 8

After premixing 1g of the I-shaped boron nitride (BN) filler shown in Figure 9 and 12g of styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) powder with a high-speed mixer, the resulting mixed powder was plasticized and mixed with an open-rolling plastic machine at 120°C. After kneading, the prepared mixed material is crushed and granulated by a crusher to obtain a high thermal conductivity composite material. Among them, the mass content of the high thermal conductivity filler in the composite material is 7.7%. The prepared pellets were put into a standard mold and hot-pressed at 175°C, and the test samples were cut according to the size of the test samples. the

The DRPL-I thermal conductivity measuring instrument was used to test the thermal properties of the samples. In addition, as a comparative example, the composite materials filled with traditional shapes shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, and Figure 3 were prepared by the same method and their thermal conductivity carry out testing. the

The results show that the thermal conductivity of the thermally conductive composite material prepared by adding I-shaped boron nitride filler is 8 times that of styrene-butadiene rubber, 4 times that of spherical boron nitride filler-filled composite material, and the thermal conductivity of sheet-shaped boron nitride filler-filled composite material. 3 times that of the material, and 1.5 times that of the cylindrical boron nitride filler-filled composite. the

Example 9

After premixing 1g of Y-shaped silicon carbide (SiC) filler and 10g of isoprene rubber (IR) powder with a high-speed mixer, the resulting mixed powder was plasticized and kneaded with an open mill at 100°C, and then the prepared The obtained mixed material is crushed and granulated by a crusher to obtain a high thermal conductivity composite material. Among them, the mass content of the high thermal conductivity filler in the composite material is 9.1%. The prepared pellets were put into a standard mold and hot-pressed at 180°C, and the test samples were cut according to the size of the test samples. the

The DRPL-I thermal conductivity measuring instrument was used to test the thermal properties of the samples. In addition, as a comparative example, the composite materials filled with traditional shapes shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, and Figure 3 were prepared by the same method and their thermal conductivity carry out testing. the

The results show that the thermal conductivity of the thermally conductive composite material prepared by adding Y-shaped silicon carbide filler is 6 times that of pure isoprene rubber, 4 times that of the composite material filled with spherical silicon carbide filler, and 4 times that of the composite material filled with sheet-shaped silicon carbide filler. 3 times, which is 2 times that of cylindrical silicon carbide filler-filled composite materials. the

Example 10

Melt 12g of styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) powder and 1g of the I-shaped iron filler shown in Figure 9 in the mold at 120°C, connect the upper and lower plates of the mold with a strong current to form a magnetic field, and the filler is magnetized in the molten matrix. The magnetized fillers form a directional arrangement due to the action of the magnetic field, that is, the I-shaped iron fillers are distributed in a uniform direction in the base material, and the heat flow direction is along the maximum length direction of the I-shaped iron fillers. After cooling, a high thermal conductivity composite material is obtained. Among them, the mass content of the high thermal conductivity filler in the composite material is 7.7%. the

The DRPL-I thermal conductivity measuring instrument was used to test the thermal properties of the samples. In addition, as a comparative example, the composite materials filled with traditional shapes shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, and Figure 3 were prepared by the same method and their thermal conductivity carry out testing. the

The results show that the thermal conductivity of the thermally conductive composite material prepared by adding I-shaped iron filler is 15 times that of styrene-butadiene rubber, 9 times that of the composite material filled with spherical iron filler, and 8 times that of the composite material filled with sheet-shaped iron filler. Cylindrical iron filler fills 6.5 times of composite material. the

Example 11

Melt 12g of styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) powder and 1g of I-shaped aluminum nitride filler in the mold at 120°C, connect the upper and lower plates of the mold with strong direct current to form a strong electric field, and the I-shaped aluminum nitride filler under the action of the electric field Orientation is formed, and high thermal conductivity composite materials are obtained after cooling. Among them, the mass content of the high thermal conductivity filler in the composite material is 7.7%. the

The DRPL-I thermal conductivity measuring instrument was used to test the thermal properties of the samples. In addition, as a comparative example, the composite materials filled with traditional shapes shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, and Figure 3 were prepared by the same method and their thermal conductivity carry out testing. the

The results show that the thermal conductivity of the thermally conductive composite material prepared by adding I-shaped aluminum nitride filler is 17 times that of styrene-butadiene rubber, 9.5 times that of spherical aluminum nitride filler-filled composite material, and 9.5 times that of sheet-shaped aluminum nitride filler-filled composite material. 9 times that of the material, and 7 times that of the cylindrical aluminum nitride filler-filled composite. the

The above-mentioned embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited by the embodiment, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions and combinations made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention , simplification, all should be equivalent replacement methods, and are all included in the protection scope of the present invention. the

Claims (4)

1. a high-heat-conductive composite material is characterized in that, comprises base material and high heat conductive filler, said high heat conductive filler be shaped as in square, trilateral, rhombus, ellipse, T shape, I-shaped, the Y shape any.

2. a kind of high-heat-conductive composite material according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said base material is paraffin, plastics or rubber.

3. a kind of high-heat-conductive composite material according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said high heat conductive filler is any one in copper, steel, iron, aluminium, graphite, Graphene, silit, aluminium nitride AlN, the SP 1.

4. according to each described a kind of high-heat-conductive composite material of claim 1 ~ 3, it is characterized in that said high heat conductive filler aligns in base material.

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