The method of reclaimed rubber is prepared in a kind of continuous low temperature high-shear
Technical field
The present invention relates to the novel method of a kind of Waste rubber desulfurization regeneration, particularly relate to a kind of novel method and the technique that utilize the high-shear of multiple stage series connection screw extrusion press continuous low temperature to prepare reclaimed rubber, belong to field of cyclic utilization of waste rubber.
Background technology
Along with the fast development of automotive industry, the rubber consumption of China based on tire continues high growth, and meanwhile, the generation of waste old also grows with each passing day, and according to statistics, China's junked tire generation 2.33 hundred million in 2009, weight about reaches 8,600,000 tons.The comprehensive utilization of waste old is the core of rubber industry recycling economy, and for saving fossil resources, protection of the environment, the present situation alleviating China's rubber sources external dependence degree high has huge economic and social benefit.
Recycling for waste rubber mainly contains tyre rebuilding, produces rubber powder, produces reclaimed rubber, thermo-cracking, heat energy utilization.Wherein, China is mainly to produce reclaimed rubber, and reclaimed rubber is as the 3rd rubber sources after natural rubber, synthetic rubber, and the production of high-quality reclaimed rubber is conducive to solving the problems such as China's rubber sources is deficient.As reclaiming process, be mainly divided into: physics regeneration, chemical regeneration and bio-regeneration.
At present, the desulfurization regeneration method of waste rubber mostly needs to carry out under the high temperature conditions, and not only energy consumption is high, to be easy to produce waste gas, security low for high temperature regeneration, and the fracture making rubber backbone a large amount of in high temperature desulfurizing process, reduce the performance of reclaimed rubber, the very big scope that must limit its application.
China mainly adopts High Temperature High Pressure dynamic devulcanizer method, its technical process is by shoddy, desulfurizing assistant agent and water successively add in digester, operating pressure 2.2MPa, working temperature 220 DEG C, desulfurization time 2 hours, pressure release feeding obtains desulfurization rubber powder, then obtain reclaimed rubber through refiner, the reclaimed rubber utilizing this kind of method to obtain presents more excellent mechanical property.But in sweetening process, pressure release feeding and refining process have serious smoke pollution, and production process is discontinuous.In order to solve the high-temperature dynamic desulfurization smoke pollution serious when desulfurization micelle releases from tank, recently, people change tank into continuous conduit again, implement continuous desulfurization reaction and cooling by the mode that duplex advances.But because this method top temperature can reach 300 DEG C, make the thermal-oxidative degradation on micelle surface serious, the reclaimed rubber quality therefore obtained is subject to larger impact.
Twin-screw extrusion method desulfurization regeneration waste rubber is the shear extrusion effect utilizing screw extrusion press, makes a kind of method of waste rubber powder desulfurization regeneration within the short period of time.(the US6 such as the Matsushita of Japan, 77,453 B1.Aug.17,2004:Method of reclaiming crosslinked rubber and Molded article of reclaimed rubber.) adopt twin screw extruder reproducing waste rubber, and in screw rod, introduce certain degasification carrier take away degradation production, reach the effect of continuous seepage, purifying exhaust gas, its desulfurization temperature is at 100 DEG C ~ 520 DEG C.Can find out, because higher desulfurization temperature still creates waste gas, waste water.(the CN 101508795A.Aug.19 such as the Zhang Liqun of China, 2009. one kinds adopt the method for twin screw extruder desulfurization regeneration of vulcanized rubber) propose to adopt physical chemistry interlock and twin screw to link the method combined, utilize twin screw extruder to be accompanied by suitable desulfurization regeneration agent and make waste or used vulcanized rubber rapid regeneration, to replace conventional high-temperature high-pressure dynamic vulcanizing boiler.Introduce the concept of two rank screw rod desulfuration first, heating and pressurizing in First twin screw extruder will be added through pretreated rubber powder, temperature is at 200 ~ 230 DEG C, pressure is at 2 ~ 3Mpa, then side direction continues temperature-pressure to access second forcing machine, make temperature reach 250 ~ 300 DEG C, pressure reaches 3 ~ 5Mpa.Although this method can realize continuous, the environmental protection of technique, because too high desulfurization temperature may cause the excessive degradation of main chain, be unfavorable for ensureing mechanical property.
Prepare in reclaimed rubber in employing low temperature process, (CN 1778836 A.May.31 such as WU XIANGDONG, 2006: waste or used vulcanized rubber low temperature, desulfurization rapidly prepare the method for odorless reclaimed rubber) composite regenerant of a kind of high activity regenerated reductive agent, reduction auxiliary agent, tenderizer composition is developed, by change-Mechanochemistry, reach and waste or used vulcanized rubber low temperature desulfurization rapidly is regenerated.Its techniqueflow adopts 20-80 object waste or used vulcanized rubber powder to be raw material, above-mentioned composite regenerant is added mixing tank fully mix, after material is warming up to 50 ~ 80 DEG C, the desulfurization regeneration rubber powder that slaking obtains mixing slaking for 2 ~ 3 hours stacked by discharge, again the desulfurization regeneration rubber powder of mixing slaking is dropped into pressure in rubber mixing machine and produce sheet, obtain odorless reclaimed rubber.Can find out, this method needs a large amount of chemical assistants, and desulfurization time is longer, discontinuous.In addition, a kind of De-link regenerator (Sekhar BC has been invented in Malaysia scientist doctor Sekhar and Russian scientist Kormer doctor joint research, Subramaniam A. EP0690091 [P]. Sep.15,1995: Improvements in and relating to the reclaiming of natural and synthetic rubbers) its ultimate principle adopts De-link regenerator and S-S key to react, and do not destroy C-C key, vulcanized network is ruptured.De-link regenerator is only applicable to sulfur vulcanization rubber.The core of De-link is the mixing preparation thing of commercially available various promotor, and some researchs are shown to be captax, ZDMC, stearic acid, zinc oxide and sulphur and are dispersed in the mixture formed in dibasic alcohol.The program that De-link uses is that the De-link regenerator of 2 ~ 6 parts and 100 part of 40 order shoddy are realized desulfurization regeneration in two roller mill, therefore be thisly tantamount to considerably increase labour intensity in strong mechanical shearing effect, and De-link regenerator is expensive, increases and realize industrialized difficulty.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the invention is to overcome prior art and pollute the shortcoming large, energy consumption is high, discontinuous, safety coefficient is low, regenerability is poor, there is provided a kind of continuous low temperature high-shear to prepare the method for reclaimed rubber, the screw extrusion press utilizing multiple stage to connect carries out effective desulphurization, disaggregation and regeneration to shoddy.
The object of the invention is to be realized by following flow process: the method for reclaimed rubber is prepared in a kind of continuous low temperature high-shear, after it is characterized in that waste rubber and tenderizer to mix in stirrer, after the First screw extrusion press adding series connection carries out preliminary desulfurization, material is docked to second screw extrusion press by head under gravity, continuous shear stress like this is delivered to last screw extrusion press, and the screw extrusion press temperature of all series connection is 10 DEG C ~ 100 DEG C, namely obtains the reclaimed rubber of preparation by head after being extruded.
The screw extrusion press number of units of series connection is advisable with two or three or four or five.
The screw extrusion press connected is single screw extrusion machine or parallel dual-screw extruding machine or taper counter rotation twin screw extruder preferably.
The waste rubber used preparing liquid regeneration glue can be tire tread or carcass waste rubber, tailing, scrap rubber footwear, useless ethylene-propylene rubber(EPR), or the one in waste butyl rubber.
In aforesaid method, tenderizer is preferably the mixture of coal tar, Stockholm tar, Yatall MA, naphthenic oil, kautschin, paraffin oil, oleic acid or rosin or a few person, and waste rubber and tenderizer weight ratio are advisable with 100:5 ~ 30.
The screw extrusion press that the present invention adopts multiple stage to connect, as reclaimed rubber production unit, connects high continuous shearing under cryogenic and prepares reclaimed rubber, have following advantage compared with existing desulfurization regeneration technology:
1) from security standpoint, avoid the necessary high temperature of traditional sulfur method and condition of high voltage, security is high;
2) from energy point of view, the screw extrusion press low temperature of multiple stage series connection is sheared and is prepared reclaimed rubber, relatively more reasonable in power consumption distribution, efficiently utilizes energy; High temperature desulfurizing condition is obtained without the need to applying energy extra as traditional sulfur method; Required reclaimed rubber is extruded and obtained to material from screw rod head, without the need to flow processs such as follow-up refinings, greatly reduces energy consumption;
3) from environmental angle, because sweetening process completes under cryogenic, without the discharge of any waste gas waste water, production process, also without any smoke pollution, substantially improves the Working environment of factory;
4) from production efficiency angle, material can produce in a complete operation is crossed in the finished product, achieve the serialization of production, and whole technical process was less than 10 minutes, substantially increased production efficiency; Level of automation is high, and labour intensity is low;
5) slave unit manufacture and input angle, the screw extruder length-to-diameter ratio of multistage series connection is general shorter, provide conveniently, and occupation area of equipment is little, cost is low, can complete whole regenerative process in common workshop to mechanical workout.
Therefore, adopt the multistage screw extrusion press continuous low temperature high-shear of series connection to prepare reclaimed rubber, achieve whole technical process safety, energy-saving and environmental protection and efficient.
In addition, the use of the shearing force produced by several screw extrusion presss and mixing elements etc., shoddy is made to realize compression fully, shunting, metathesis, make shoddy desulfurization even, ensure the stability of product, required reclaimed rubber product is obtained when the mooney viscosity of extruded product is reduced to reclaimed rubber national standard, the mooney viscosity < 95 of such as damaged tire reclaimed rubber, the Mooney < 80 of useless footwear reclaim, the Mooney < 70 of useless butyl reclaimed rubber, the Mooney < 65 of useless second third reclaimed rubber.
In addition, utilize the screw extrusion press of multistage series connection, under cryogenic, allow pretreated shoddy optionally rupture crosslinks key under the shearing action of screw rod, farthest avoid the thermal destruction of the rubber backbone caused due to high temperature, and then ensure that the performance of product, the reclaimed rubber performance index such as utilizing tyre waste rubber powder to obtain all reach national superfine standard; And for example utilize the butyl reclaimed rubber that the desulfurization of the damaged tire inner tube of a tyre obtains, resistance to air loss there is no too large change.Therefore, economic benefit of the present invention and social benefit obviously, have wide market application foreground.
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
Embodiment:
Embodiment 1: the useless truck radial tire tread rubber powder 100 parts adopting 22 order particle diameters, adds Yatall MA 10 parts, Stockholm tar 8 parts is tenderizer, mixing and stirring at interior 90 DEG C of homogenizer (rotating speed 1000r/min).Adopt two screw extrusion presss of connecting, first through feeding device, pretreated shoddy is added First parallel dual-screw extruding machine (D=71mm, L/D=32), screw speed is 250 revs/min, and screw temperature set is 10 DEG C, material after First twin screw extruder shear extrusion direct side direction to access single screw extrusion machine, (D=150mm, L/D=7), screw speed is 60 revs/min, and screw temperature set is 10 DEG C.Material shears plasticizing further in single screw extrusion machine, mix after thus single screw extrusion machine die extrusion namely obtain required reclaimed rubber.Gained reclaimed rubber performance is as follows: ash content=8.6%, acetone extract=16.5%, mooney viscosity ML100 DEG C of (1+4min)=89; According to the sulfuration of GB/T 13460-2008 reclaimed rubber revulcanization formula, obtain mechanical property of vulcanized rubber as follows: tensile strength=15.2Mpa, tensile yield=480%.
The superfine A1 standard of country: ash content≤10%, acetone extract≤18%, mooney viscosity ML100 DEG C of (1+4min)≤95, tensile strength >=14.0Mpa, tensile yield >=420%.
Embodiment 2: the useless truck radial tire tread rubber powder 100 parts adopting 22 order particle diameters, adds 15 parts, coal tar, Stockholm tar 5 parts is tenderizer, mixing and stirring at interior 90 DEG C of homogenizer (rotating speed 1000r/min).Adopt five screw extrusion presss of connecting, first through feeding device, pretreated shoddy is added First parallel dual-screw extruding machine (D=93mm, L/D=28), screw speed is 250 revs/min, screw temperature set is 50 DEG C, material docking after First twin screw extruder carries out preliminary shearing enters second parallel dual-screw extruding machine (D=93mm, L/D=28, built-in reverse thread original paper and mixing elements), screw speed is 250 revs/min, screw temperature set is 40 DEG C, material is subject to stronger shearing and mixing effect further in second twin screw extruder, then continuous shear stress enter the 3rd with the 4th parallel dual-screw extruding machine (screw-rod structure parameter and procession parameters are all consistent with second forcing machine), last side direction is to access single screw extrusion machine, (D=180mm, L/D=7), screw speed is 55 revs/min, screw temperature set is 10 DEG C.Extrude through last singe screw head finally by the reclaimed rubber sample fully sheared, mix.Gained reclaimed rubber performance is as follows: ash content=8.9%, acetone extract=17.8%, mooney viscosity ML100 DEG C of (1+4min)=45; According to the sulfuration of GB/T 13460-2008 reclaimed rubber revulcanization formula, obtain mechanical property of vulcanized rubber as follows: tensile strength=17.5Mpa, tensile yield=540%.
The superfine A1 standard of country: ash content≤10%, acetone extract≤18%, mooney viscosity ML100 DEG C of (1+4min)≤95, tensile strength >=14.0Mpa, tensile yield >=420%.
Embodiment 3: the damaged tire inner tube of a tyre butyl rubber 100 parts adopting 1mm, adding kautschin 5 parts is tenderizer, mixing and stirring at interior 120 DEG C of homogenizer (rotating speed 1500r/min).Adopt two screw extrusion presss of connecting, first through feeding device, pretreated shoddy is added First parallel dual-screw extruding machine (D=71mm, L/D=32), screw speed is 300 revs/min, and screw temperature set is 100 DEG C, material after First twin screw extruder shear extrusion direct side direction to access single screw extrusion machine, (D=150mm, L/D=7), screw speed is 65 revs/min, and screw temperature set is 80 DEG C.Material shears plasticizing further in single screw extrusion machine, mix after thus single screw extrusion machine die extrusion namely obtain required reclaimed rubber.Gained reclaimed rubber performance is as follows: ash content=7.0%, acetone extract=8.5%, mooney viscosity ML100 DEG C of (1+4min)=65; According to the sulfuration of GB/T 13460-2008 reclaimed rubber revulcanization formula, obtain mechanical property of vulcanized rubber as follows: tensile strength=8.5Mpa, tensile yield=520%, gas-barrier coefficient 1.23.
Butyl reclaimed rubber national standard: ash content≤10%, acetone extract≤15%, mooney viscosity ML100 DEG C of (1+4min)≤70, tensile strength >=6.8Mpa, tensile yield >=460%; Original sizing material gas-barrier coefficient is 1.27.
Embodiment 4: useless second third rubber powder 100 parts adopting 2mm particle diameter, adds paraffin oil 15 parts, naphthenic oil 10 parts is tenderizer, in the interior 100 DEG C of mixing and stirring of homogenizer (rotating speed 1200r/min).Adopt three screw extrusion presss of connecting, first through feeding device, pretreated shoddy is added First parallel dual-screw extruding machine (D=71mm, L/D=32), screw speed is 150 revs/min, screw temperature set is 80 DEG C, material docking after First twin screw extruder carries out preliminary shearing enters second parallel dual-screw extruding machine (D=71mm, L/D=32, built-in reverse thread original paper and mixing elements), screw speed is 150 revs/min, screw temperature set is 60 DEG C, material is subject to stronger shearing and mixing effect further in second twin screw extruder, material after second twin screw extruder shear extrusion direct side direction to access single screw extrusion machine (D=150mm, L/D=7), screw speed is 30 revs/min, screw temperature set is 40 DEG C.Material shears plasticizing further in single screw extrusion machine, mix after thus single screw extrusion machine die extrusion namely obtain required reclaimed rubber.By it in 20 parts of pure ethylene-propylene rubber(EPR) and use, performance is as follows: tensile strength 12.8Mpa, elongation at break 350%, hot air aging (80 DEG C × 168h) tensile strength velocity of variation-25%, tensile yield velocity of variation-20%.
Original properties of rubber: tensile strength 14.5Mpa, elongation at break 385%, ageing-resistant performance hot air aging (80 DEG C × 168h) tensile strength velocity of variation-23%, tensile yield velocity of variation-18%.
Embodiment 5: useless second third rubber powder 100 parts adopting 2mm particle diameter, adding paraffin oil 30 parts is tenderizer, in the interior 100 DEG C of mixing and stirring of homogenizer (rotating speed 1200r/min).Adopt three screw extrusion presss of connecting, first through feeding device, pretreated shoddy is added First conical double screw extruder (D=80mm, L/D=35), screw speed is 180 revs/min, screw temperature set is 100 DEG C, material docking after First conical double screw extruder carries out preliminary shearing enters second parallel dual-screw extruding machine (D=71mm, L/D=32, built-in reverse thread original paper and mixing elements), screw speed is 180 revs/min, screw temperature set is 80 DEG C, material is subject to stronger shearing and mixing effect further in second twin screw extruder, material after second twin screw extruder shear extrusion direct side direction to access conical double screw extruder (D=80mm, L/D=35), screw speed is 180 revs/min, screw temperature set is 80 DEG C.Material shears plasticizing further in conical double screw extruder, mix after thus single screw extrusion machine die extrusion namely obtain required reclaimed rubber.Gained reclaimed rubber performance is as follows: ash content=15.0%, acetone extract=27.5%, mooney viscosity ML100 DEG C of (1+4min)=55; According to the sulfuration of GB/T 13460-2008 revulcanization formula, obtain mechanical property of vulcanized rubber as follows: tensile strength=8.0Mpa, tensile yield=300%.
Second third reclaimed rubber national standard: ash content≤20%, acetone extract≤30%, mooney viscosity ML100 DEG C of (1+4min)≤65, tensile strength >=5.5Mpa, tensile yield >=260%.