CN102809823A - Beam combining, irradiating and receiving system of lasers - Google Patents
Beam combining, irradiating and receiving system of lasers Download PDFInfo
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- CN102809823A CN102809823A CN2012103036307A CN201210303630A CN102809823A CN 102809823 A CN102809823 A CN 102809823A CN 2012103036307 A CN2012103036307 A CN 2012103036307A CN 201210303630 A CN201210303630 A CN 201210303630A CN 102809823 A CN102809823 A CN 102809823A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a beam combining, emitting and receiving method of lasers and a system, which belong to the technical field of photoelectricity and are used for carrying out beam combination, emission and reception on multi-beam multi-band high-power lasers. The beam combination, the emission and the reception of lasers in incidence in a plurality of directions are realized by adopting the reflection of a film at the side face of a prism, the incidence and the penetration of an end face, an optical fibre bar and a collimating mirror. The system contains a plurality of laser light sources, a multi-dimensional beam combiner, a shaper, a collimating mirror, a receiving and detecting unit and a computer system. The multi-dimensional beam combiner contains a multi-face prism and a prism holder, wherein the multi-face prism is provided with an end face and a plurality of reflecting mirror faces. A plurality of lasers are irradiated on the end face and the reflecting mirror faces of the multi-dimensional beam combiner from the periphery, the lasers of which the beams are combined are gathered on the input end face of the shaper at an aperture angle smaller than the numerical value of optical fibers, the output lasers are collimated into quasi-parallel light by the collimating mirror for irradiating a target, and the diffuse reflection lasers and the laser-induced radiation patterns of the target are received by the receiving and detecting unit positioned at the position of the focal point of the collimating mirror so as to realize the detection of the target and the acquisition of images.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of photoelectric technology, relate generally to a kind of sharp combiner irradiation and receiving system, relate in particular to the stack of multiple beam multi-wave band laser energy and be combined into a branch of laser radiation and multiband receiving system.
Background technology
Laser radiation is a key areas of laser applications; With laser target is carried out the active irradiation; Improve contrast, the enforcement of distant place target and background the laser of target is suppressed (comprise and dazzling the eyes), laser-induced radiation even destruction and recruitment evaluation etc.; The minimum hot spot that need distribute with energy even, the coding laser radiation of maximum power density (maximum energy-density) are on target, and receiving target reflection/overflow emission laser or laser-induced radiation realize surveying and Image Acquisition.
The patent No.: 2011101695381 " a kind of laser closes beam system and a kind of sharp combiner method " disclose a kind of laser and have closed beam system; Comprise first laser instrument, second laser instrument, catoptron, light combination mirror; Light combination mirror is the film polaroid; Light combination mirror comprises first minute surface and second minute surface, and the center line of the first laser instrument output light path is provided with catoptron, and the laser beam of first laser instrument output is after mirror reflects; Incide first minute surface of light combination mirror and direct reflection takes place; To light combination mirror, after light combination mirror was crossed in the laser beam transmission that second laser instrument sends, overlap with laser beam through first direct reflection of light combination mirror was a light beam to the laser beam that second laser instrument sends with brewster angle incidence.A kind of sharp combiner method is also disclosed; Laser closes beam system can be synthetic with the laser instrument institute emission laser beam of same model; The laser beam power of synthetic output is 2 times of single beam laser power; Can guarantee under the stable prerequisite of laser works, satisfy processing and use requirement high laser power.It is limited that this patent is closed quantity and the power of Shu Jiguang.
Traditional laser beam merging apparatus contains a plurality of laser instruments, paraboloidal mirror or lens, collimation lens; The rear focus of paraboloidal mirror or lens overlaps with the focus in object space of collimation lens; A plurality of laser instruments are launched equidirectional laser beam ECDC bundle paraboloidal mirror or lens; Converge at along, synthetic a branch of Shu Jiguang that closes behind collimation lens.In this beam merging apparatus; Because paraboloidal mirror or lens are based on geometric optical theory; (1) plain shaft parallelism between a plurality of when mounted laser instruments be difficult to guarantee, causes that the laser facula energy can not concentrate on the focus on the focal plane, and promptly laser facula is in the radially disperse of optical axis; (2) beam divergence angle of a plurality of laser instruments has nothing in common with each other, and is different apart from the object distance of paraboloidal mirror or lens, causes convergent laser to focus near the different image planes in focal plane, and promptly laser facula is in the longitudinal dispersion of optical axis; (3) pattern of each laser instrument is unstable, thereby near the picture point energy distribution of convergent laser focus is unstable; (4) independently in the radial distribution of optical axis, promptly the energy distribution of convergent laser is inhomogeneous on paraboloidal mirror or the lens object plane separately for a plurality of laser instruments; (5) energy density of along laser is big, is easy to air breakdown, causes energy loss; It is inhomogeneous excessive with beam divergence angle that these factors cause closing bundle laser facula energy distribution; Laser beam shake, intensity fluctuation; Make to be radiated at the even flicker of laser energy skewness on the target, the target image that causes sensor to obtain is difficult to identification and little target test leakage.(6) because the limitation of paraboloidal mirror or aperture of lens size, thereby the quantity of laser instrument is restricted, and then closes the bundle laser power and be restricted.
Traditional laser radiation and receiving system adopt optical system separately, and the total system swing enlarges the illumination footprint territory, and the driving power of tilting mechanism requires high.
Summary of the invention
The technical matters that the present invention will solve is; To the existing deficiency that swashs combiner irradiation and receiving system, provide a kind of and can carry out sharp combiner irradiation and the receiving system that the stack of multiple beam multi-wave band laser energy is combined into a branch of laser radiation and multiband receiving system.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, sharp combiner irradiation provided by the invention comprises some LASER Light Sources, multidimensional bundling device, reshaper, collimating mirror, reception probe unit, computer system with receiving system, is fixedly connected on the housing.It is characterized in that: said some LASER Light Sources contain several LASER Light Sources of identical or different wavelength, can be semiconductor laser bar bars of Solid State Laser light source, gas laser light source, semiconductor laser light resource, band collimation lens etc.;
Said multidimensional bundling device contains multifaceted prism, prism holder, and said multifaceted prism is a monoblock quartz glass prism, also can be cemented prism; Infrared laser wavelength to the end face transmission is selected infrared optical material for use, and multifaceted prism has an end face and several mirror surfaces, and said some mirror surfaces are divided into some levels on the sidewall of multifaceted prism; The progression j of mirror surface is along with increase away from end face gradually, and the number of j+1 level mirror surface is not more than the number of j level mirror surface, and the normal of each grade mirror surface and end face have an angle; This angle is along with progression j increases gradually; And angle 0＜α＜90 ° are coated with the reflectance coating to the side incident laser on each mirror surface, and to the optical maser wavelength transmission of end face incident laser; Said end face is coated with the anti-reflection film to the end face incident laser; Said each mirror surface has multiple laser incident, behind all laser reflection/transmission through the multidimensional bundling devices, with less than the numerical aperture convergence of corner of optical fiber rod on the input face of said reshaper; Said prism holder and multifaceted prism are connected, and are used for the supporting to multifaceted prism;
Said reshaper contains some optical fiber rods and picture frame, and the direction of optical fiber rod is the optical axis direction of reshaper, the equal in length of all optical fiber rods; And the front end face of all optical fiber rods aligns respectively with rear end face; Picture frame clamps all optical fiber rods, and the input end face of all optical fiber rods constitutes the input face of reshaper, and its output end face constitutes the output face of reshaper; Said optical fiber rod can be the single-mode fiber rod; Also can be the multimembrane optical fibre rod, can also be the single-core fiber rod, and incident laser is exported after passing optical fiber rod and gap thereof;
Said collimating mirror contains mirror body, mirror holder; Said mirror body is an off axis paraboloidal mirror, and the off axis paraboloid mirror of off axis paraboloidal mirror is coated with total reflection film, and said mirror holder contains the electronic support and department's clothes driving circuit of pitching/bearing oscillation; Mirror holder and housing are connected, and the mirror body is fixedly connected on the electronic support;
Said reception probe unit contains beam splitter, detector, treatment circuit; Treatment circuit links to each other with computing machine; Said beam splitter is the plane flat reflective mirror of wave band gating, and the reflection of laser radiation target/overflow emission laser and laser-induced radiation are divided into the different-waveband signal, and said detector is the planar array detector of corresponding wave band; Also can be single-element detector, the target simulation conversion of signals that said treatment circuit receives detector be a digital signal; Said detector lays respectively at the along of the corresponding wave band of off axis paraboloidal mirror, and the receiving plane of detector is vertical with the optical axis of off axis paraboloidal mirror, and reshaper is settled near beam splitter, and closes bundle laser radiation coverage a long way off and overlap with the visual field of detector;
Built-in control of said computer system and handling procedure; Be used for control and data processing to laser instrument, collimating mirror, reception probe unit; Quantity and energy, pulse width, the pulse repetition rate of laser instrument is set and to optical maser wavelength/repetition frequency/parameter hybrid codings such as burst length; The collection and the processing of the digital signal of the synchronous reception that receives probe unit and output thereof also are set; Department's clothes driving circuit swing is set leaves the scope that axle is thrown face mirror pitching/orientation, satisfy receiving probe unit the laser diffuse reflection of target and the radiant quantity requirement of laser-induced radiation.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is embodied in the following aspects.
(1) the present invention is owing to adopted the multidimensional bundling device; Launch laser to laser instrument from multi-faceted collection by polygonal mirror face and prism; Enlarged the bulk of the laser instrument layout of convergent laser; Increased the quantity of the laser instrument of convergent laser, closed the multiplication of Shu Jiguang output magnitude of energy thereby make.
(2) the multidimensional bundling device is not strict with the plain shaft parallelism of a plurality of laser instruments of convergent laser among the present invention, greatly reduces the Installation and Debugging difficulty of laser instrument.
(3) there is not focus in convergent laser among the present invention, the energy loss of having avoided the big caused air breakdown of laser energy density to cause.
(4) reshaper among the present invention has improved laser damage threshold owing to adopted the optical fiber rod; Each root optical fiber rod and gap thereof are obeyed same rule respectively to the exit direction and the energy distribution of output laser simultaneously; Several optical fiber rods and gap thereof output laser stack in the reshaper; Play statistical average effect to the laser beam of incident; Make the energy distribution of output laser obtain homogenising, and point to behind the collimation and stablize, improve target irradiation coverage effect.
(5) the present invention is owing to adopted laser radiation and received shared collimating mirror, and the swing collimating mirror just can be realized enlarging the illumination footprint territory, has reduced the requirement of wobble drive power, makes whole laser radiation and receiving system structure compact more.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the present invention swashs combiner irradiation and receiving system schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is that multidimensional bundling device of the present invention closes the bundle schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Do further elaboration below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1,2 couples of the present invention of accompanying drawing.
According to shown in Figure 1, sharp combiner irradiation provided by the invention and receiving system comprise some LASER Light Source 1, multidimensional bundling device 2, reshaper 3, collimating mirror 4, receive probe unit 5, computer system, are fixedly connected on the housing.It is characterized in that: said some LASER Light Sources 1 contain several LASER Light Sources of identical or different wavelength; It can be semiconductor laser bar bar of Solid State Laser light source, gas laser light source, semiconductor laser light resource, band collimation lens etc.; Several LASER Light Sources 1 of present embodiment are selected the accent Q-YAG laser instrument 1-2 of 1.064 microns of semiconductor laser 1-1 and N wavelength of 0.808 micron of the wavelength of M band collimation lens for use; All laser instruments link to each other with computing machine, carry out hybrid coding control to the quantity of laser instrument and energy, pulse width, pulse repetition rate and to optical maser wavelength/repetition frequency/parameters such as burst length.
Said multidimensional bundling device 2 contains multifaceted prism 2-1, prism holder 2-2, and said multifaceted prism 2-1 is a monoblock quartz glass prism, also can be cemented prism; Infrared laser wavelength to transmission is selected infrared optical material for use, and multifaceted prism 2-1 has an end face and several mirror surfaces, and multifaceted prism 2-1 and prism holder 2-2 are connected; Said some mirror surfaces are divided into some levels on the sidewall of multifaceted prism 2-1; Progression j is along with increase away from end face gradually, and the number of j+1 level mirror surface is not more than the number of j level mirror surface, and the normal of each grade mirror surface and end face have an angle; α is along with progression j increases gradually; And 0＜α＜90 ° are coated with the reflectance coating to laser instrument 1-2 emission laser on each mirror surface, and the optical maser wavelength transmission of noise spectra of semiconductor lasers 1-1; Each mirror surface has multiple laser incident; Said end face is coated with the anti-reflection film of noise spectra of semiconductor lasers 1-1 emission laser, all laser through multidimensional bundling device 2 reflection/transmissions after, with less than the numerical aperture convergence of corner of the optical fiber rod of reshaper 3 on the input face of said reshaper 3; The gummed multifaceted prism 2-1 that present embodiment multidimensional bundling device 2 selects for use two blocks of quartz glasss to process, it is the polygon plane on 13 limits that an end face and F mirror surface, present embodiment are selected the end face of multifaceted prism for use; Mirror surface number F=28; Mirror surface on the sidewall of multifaceted prism 2-1 is divided into 3 grades, totally 16 of first order mirror surfaces, and the angle of its normal and end face is 15 °; Totally 8 of second level mirror surfaces; The angle of its normal and end face is 30 °, totally 4 of third level mirror surfaces, and the angle of its normal and end face is 45 °; Be coated with on 28 mirror surfaces 1.064 microns laser-bounces of wavelength simultaneously to the reflectance coating of 0.808 micron laser-transmitting of wavelength; M wavelength 0.808 laser micrometer 1-1 output laser, passes according to the transmission law to multidimensional bundling device 2 from surface feeding sputtering, converges on the input face of said reshaper 3 with the 15 ° of incident angles in numerical aperture angle less than optical fiber rod 3-1; N wavelength 1.064 laser micrometer 1-2 output laser is beaten on 28 minute surfaces of multidimensional bundling device 2 according to reflection law from a plurality of directions, and the reflection back is to converge on the input face of said reshaper 3 less than 15 ° of incident angles; Said prism holder 2-2 and multifaceted prism 2-1 gummed are connected, and are used for the supporting to multifaceted prism 2-1, and prism holder 2-2 and housing are connected.
Said reshaper 3 contains some optical fiber rod 3-1 and picture frame 3-2, and the direction of optical fiber rod 3-1 is the optical axis direction of reshaper 3, the equal in length of all optical fiber rod 3-1; And the front end face of all optical fiber rod 3-1 aligns respectively with rear end face; Picture frame 3-2 clamps all optical fiber rod 3-1, and the input end face of all optical fiber rod 3-1 constitutes the input face of reshaper 3, and its output end face constitutes the output face of reshaper 3; Said optical fiber rod 3-1 can be the single-mode fiber rod; Also can be the multimembrane optical fibre rod, can also be the single-core fiber rod, and incident laser is exported after passing optical fiber rod 3-1 and gap thereof; Present embodiment is selected the naked fibre of single mode silica fibre G652 for use, numerical aperture angle Θ=15 °, and the optical fiber rod 3-1 of cut growth 10mm, picture frame 3-2 diameter of bore is 10mm, and all optical fiber rod 3-1 are clamped.
Said collimating mirror 4 contains mirror body 4-1, mirror holder 4-2, and said mirror body 4-1 is an off axis paraboloidal mirror, and the off axis paraboloid mirror of off axis paraboloidal mirror is coated with total reflection film; Reflect the optical radiation of all wave bands; Said mirror holder 4-2 contains the electronic support and department's clothes driving circuit of pitching/bearing oscillation, and department's clothes driving circuit links to each other with computing machine, and pitching/orientation of control mirror holder 4-2; Mirror holder 4-2 and housing are connected, and mirror body 4-1 is fixedly connected on the mirror holder 4-2; The present embodiment off axis paraboloidal mirror selects for use carbofrax material to process, focal length 300mm, bore 200mm; Gold-plated total reflection film on the off axis paraboloid mirror, the visible light of reflected illumination laser and target, infrared radiation, diffuse reflection laser, mirror holder 4-2 are selected electronic five dimension adjustment supports and department's clothes driving circuit for use; Off axis paraboloidal mirror is fixed on the adjustment support; Mirror holder 4-2 and housing are connected, and the clothes driving circuit drives mirror holder 4-2 of department realizes the swing to the pitching/orientation of off axis paraboloidal mirror; Change is closed bundle Laser emission beam direction and is received the visual field, expansion of laser light illumination coverage and reception visual field.
Said reception probe unit 5 contains beam splitter 5-1, detector 5-2, treatment circuit; Treatment circuit links to each other with computing machine; Said beam splitter 5-1 is a wave band gating plane flat reflective mirror, is the light beam of different-waveband with the reflection of laser radiation target/overflow emission laser and laser-induced radiation beam splitting, and said detector 5-2 is a planar array detector; It also can be single-element detector; The information translation that said treatment circuit receives detector 5-2 is a digital signal, and said detector 5-2 is positioned at the along of off axis paraboloidal mirror, and the receiving plane of detector 5-2 is vertical with the optical axis of off axis paraboloidal mirror; Reshaper 3 is near beam splitter 5-1, and closes bundle laser radiation coverage a long way off and overlap with the visual field of pick-up probe.Present embodiment detector 5-2 selects face battle array ICCD detector and infrared focal plane detector for use; Treatment circuit converts the target information that detector 5-2 receives into digital signal; Face battle array ICCD detector is positioned at the along that sees through beam splitter 5-1 of off axis paraboloidal mirror; And the receiving plane of face battle array ICCD detector is vertical with the optical axis of off axis paraboloidal mirror; Infrared focal plane detector is positioned at the along after being reflected by beam splitter 5-1 of off axis paraboloidal mirror, and the receiving plane of infrared focal plane detector is vertical with the optical axis of off axis paraboloidal mirror, and reshaper 3 is settled near beam splitter 5-1
Swash the course of work of combiner irradiation and receiving system: to close-in target; M among the semiconductor laser 1-1 that a computer installation M wavelength is 0.808 micron ((1＜n＜N) n among the accent Q-YAG laser instrument 1-2 that the individual laser instrument of 1＜m＜M) and N wavelength are 1.064 microns opens, and simultaneous computer is provided with and receives probe unit 5 and receive the interval t of gating times by individual laser instrument
1-t
2Open switch; M (individual semiconductor laser 1-1 of 1＜m＜M) and n (the individual Q-YAG laser instrument emission laser of 1＜n＜N); (1＜m＜M) individual semiconductor laser 1-1 launches the surface feeding sputtering of laser from multidimensional bundling device 2 to m; Pass through multidimensional bundling device 2, with less than the numerical aperture convergence of corner of optical fiber rod on the input face of said reshaper 3, (the individual Q-YAG laser instrument emission laser of 1＜n＜N) is through the reflecting surface reflection of multidimensional bundling device 2 for n; With less than the numerical aperture convergence of corner of optical fiber rod 3-1 on the input face of said reshaper 3; Behind the reflection/transmission of all laser through multidimensional bundling device 2, incident reshaper 3 is through optical fiber rod 3-1 and gap transmission thereof; Each root optical fiber rod 3-1 and gap thereof are obeyed same shooting angle rule respectively to the exit direction and the energy distribution of output laser; Apart from output face a distance, the energy of laser is the stack that all optical fibers rod 3-1 and gap shoot laser thereof through reshaper 3 are radiated the laser energy on this area on the unit area, through collimating mirror 4 synthetic beam of laser irradiation targets at the output terminal of reshaper 3; Each segment beam in the irradiating laser light beam all is the energy stack to each root optical fiber rod output laser of reshaper 3; Play the statistical average effect, obtain the metastable high power synthesized laser beam of a branch of energy distribution and beam divergence angle, the laser diffuse reflection of target and laser-induced radiation are through collimating mirror 4 total reflections; Be divided into the radiation image of visible waveband and infrared band through beam splitter 5-1, and be imaged on respectively on the detector 5-2 in along; Emission laser the time timing begin, time of arrival t
1-t
2The time, detector 5-2 opens threshold level, receiving target image information; To distant object, the accent Q-YAG laser instrument 1-2 that 1.064 microns of semiconductor laser 1-1 and N wavelength of 0.808 micron of M wavelength are set all opens, and receives signals collecting and process software simultaneously and is provided with and receives probe unit 5 and receive the interval t of gating times
3-t
4, emission laser, timing simultaneously begins, time of arrival t
3-t
4The time, detector 5-2 opens threshold level, the receiving target image information, and computing machine is handled image information.
Claims (4)
1. a sharp combiner is launched and method of reseptance; It is characterized in that: some LASER Light Sources (1) from the space a plurality of direction incident lasers to multidimensional bundling device (2); Pass through the transmission and the reflection of multidimensional bundling device (2) respectively; With less than the numerical aperture convergence of corner of optical fiber rod (3-1) on the input end face of reshaper (3); From the output of reshaper (3), behind collimating mirror (4), shine on the target, the reception probe unit (5) that the diffuse reflection laser of target and laser-induced radiation pattern are positioned at collimating mirror (4) along receives.
2. sharp combiner emission according to claim 1 and method of reseptance is characterized in that: also comprise multidimensional bundling device (2), contain multifaceted prism (2-1), prism holder (2-2); Said multifaceted prism (2-1) is a monoblock prism, also can be cemented prism, and multifaceted prism (2-1) has an end face and several mirror surfaces; Some mirror surfaces are divided into some levels on the sidewall of multifaceted prism (2-1), progression j is along with increase away from end face gradually, and the number of j level mirror surface is not less than the number of j+1 level mirror surface; The normal of each grade mirror surface and end face have an angle; This angle is along with progression j increases gradually, and angle 0＜α＜90 °, is coated with the reflectance coating of side incident laser (1-2) on the mirror surface; And optical maser wavelength transmission to end face incident laser (1-1); Said end face is coated with the anti-reflection film to incident laser, and said end face has multiple laser incident with each mirror surface, through multidimensional bundling device (2) reflection/transmission; With less than the numerical aperture convergence of corner of optical fiber rod on the input end face of said reshaper (3), said prism holder (2-2) is connected with multifaceted prism (2-1).
3. sharp combiner emission according to claim 1 and method of reseptance; It is characterized in that: also comprise reshaper (3), contain some optical fiber rods (3-1) and picture frame (3-2), the equal in length of all optical fiber rods (3-1); And the front end face of all optical fiber rods (3-1) aligns respectively with rear end face; Picture frame (3-2) clamps all optical fiber rods (3-1), and said optical fiber rod (3-1) can be the single-mode fiber rod, also can be the multimembrane optical fibre rod; Can also be the single-core fiber rod, incident laser be exported after passing optical fiber rod (3-1) and gap thereof.
4. a sharp combiner is launched and receiving system; Comprise some LASER Light Sources, multidimensional bundling device, reshaper, collimating mirror, reception probe unit, computer system; Be fixedly connected on the housing; It is characterized in that: said some LASER Light Sources contain identical or different optical maser wavelength, can be semiconductor laser bar bars of Solid State Laser light source, gas laser light source, semiconductor laser light resource, band collimation lens etc.; Said collimating mirror (4) contains mirror body (4-1), mirror holder (4-2); Said mirror body (4-1) is an off axis paraboloidal mirror, and is coated with total reflection film, and said mirror holder (4-2) contains the electronic support and department's clothes driving circuit of pitching/bearing oscillation; Mirror holder and housing are connected, and mirror body and electronic support are connected; Said reception probe unit (5) contains beam splitter (5-1), detector (5-2), treatment circuit, and said detector is positioned at the along of off axis paraboloidal mirror, and vertical with the optical axis of throwing the face mirror from axle; Said reshaper (3) is settled near beam splitter (5-1) and is closed bundle laser radiation coverage a long way off and overlaps with the visual field of detector; Built-in control of said computer system and handling procedure; Control and data processing to laser instrument, collimating mirror, reception probe unit; Quantity and energy, pulse width, the pulse repetition rate of laser instrument is set and to optical maser wavelength/repetition frequency/parameter hybrid codings such as burst length according to target range and type; The collection and the processing of the digital signal of the synchronous reception that receives probe unit (5) and output thereof also are set; Pitching/the bearing range of department's clothes driving circuit adjustment off axis paraboloidal mirror also is set, satisfies receiving probe unit the laser diffuse reflection of target and the radiant quantity requirement of laser-induced radiation.
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