CN102809332A - Safety and protection method for blasting of high-slope unstable rock - Google Patents
Safety and protection method for blasting of high-slope unstable rock Download PDFInfo
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- CN102809332A CN102809332A CN2012102932730A CN201210293273A CN102809332A CN 102809332 A CN102809332 A CN 102809332A CN 2012102932730 A CN2012102932730 A CN 2012102932730A CN 201210293273 A CN201210293273 A CN 201210293273A CN 102809332 A CN102809332 A CN 102809332A
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- crag body
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- slope
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Abstract
The invention discloses a safety and protection method for the blasting of high-slope unstable rock. The method comprises the following steps: evaluating stability of the unstable rock, speculating the drop distance of the unstable rock in collapsing, arranging protection for fly rocks in blasting, arranging protection for rolling rocks in blasting and arranging protection for blasting safety operation. Compared with a traditional way of only constructing a protection shed frame and lacking of stability analysis and drop distance speculating for the unstable rock in collapsing, the method is more scientific, is wide in application range and has an excellent safety and protection effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of high abrupt slope crag body blasting safety protection method, belong to the safety protection field of explosion.
Background technology
Though the crag body is meant avalanche does not take place also, possess the essential condition that avalanche takes place, and occurred the avalanche premonitory phenomenon, therefore the rock mass of avalanche possibly take place in indication soon.High gradient slope crag body is meant under the complex environment: the crag body closes on the slope, abrupt slope, and its discrepancy in elevation is generally greater than 30m, and the average slope angle in slope is greater than 30 °; Below, slope human activity is frequent, as: there are resident, industrial enterprise, perhaps navigation channel and traffic route etc.; The stability of the contiguous massif of crag body is also relatively poor in addition.In the time of explosion treatment crag body, particularly during the crag body of environment more complicated, very easily the stability to rock mass exerts an influence, and as not taking effective safeguard procedures, very likely causes the whole unstability of rock mass and glides, and building under the massif or highway are worked the mischief; Next, quick-fried back crag body sillar yardstick is big, the accumulation scope is big, is difficult to stop and protect, and induces secondary harm easily.
General single covering, the framed bent retaining of adopting of the safety prevention measure of at present traditional bursting work protects scheme; A kind of polynary stereo safety means of defence is disclosed like patent 201110380165; Key step comprises exploration, the big gun quilt is set, protection network and steel pipe bamboo raft frame etc. is set; Its weak point is: the first, do not carry out stability analysis of crag body and risk assessment, and can't make prevention and safeguard measure targetedly; The second, the avalanche of crag body tumbles has certain characteristics of motion, and traditional safeguard procedures are to take to be provided with methods such as anti-gully detention of multiple tracks and protection network to improve security, and the cost height is constructed loaded down with trivial details and protection effect is poor; The 3rd, limitation is big, and the scope of application is little, is not suitable in the higher high abrupt slope crag body bursting work of requirement of shelter.
Summary of the invention
The invention is intended to provide the high abrupt slope that a kind of scope of application is wide, with strong points, with low cost, protection effect is good crag body blasting safety protection method.
The object of the invention can reach through following measure: a kind of high abrupt slope crag body blasting safety protection method, and step is following:
(1) crag body stability assessment: combine blow-up point site inspection data, adopt numerical computations and model test method to determine the stability of crag body, dynamic evaluation crag body avalanche risk;
(2) avalanche of crag body falls apart from prediction: according to the maximum horizontal move distance of the measurable crag body of conservation of energy principle avalanche, as shown in the formula:
Σmg·Δh
i=（1/2）m（V
i 2-V
t 2）+Σmgcosd
i·tgΦ
r·L
i
In the formula: V
i: the falling rocks speed that any position had on slope (m/s);
d
i: the mean inclination on each straightway slope (°);
Δ h
i: the vertical height on each straightway slope (m);
Φ
r: falling rocks and domatic between angle of friction (°);
L
i: the length on each straightway slope (m);
According to following formula, when end speed Vi=0, just can try to achieve Σ Vi, Σ Licosai is exactly the maximum horizontal move distance of avalanche.
(3) protection of blasting flyrock is arranged: the direction of dispersing of A, the distance that estimates blasting flyrock and analysis slungshot;
B, use cladding material cover in the quick-fried district of crag body;
C, be that the security area is set up at the center with quick-fried district;
(4) protection of explosion Rolling Stone is arranged: A, build the falling rocks platform in crag body vertical lower;
B, anti-gully detention is set on crag body downside hillside;
C, toe is set up protection network below the crag body;
(5) the bursting work security protection is arranged: on the parent rock of crag body rear, install the safety work platform or the tower crane that ensure the blast working personal security.
The technique scheme difference with the prior art is: the first, increased the stability analysis of crag body, and can make corresponding safeguard procedures and formulate corresponding blasting scheme to the crag body of less stable, the harm that the avalanche of prevention crag body causes; The second, through the distance that the avalanche to prediction crag body tumbles, set up anti-gully detention and protection network pointedly according to this distance, avoided multiple tracks blindly that anti-gully detention and protection network are set, reduce cost and improved protection effect; The 3rd, the dish out distance and the direction of the slungshot that obtains according to estimation are provided with the area of coverage and security area pointedly; Further reduced the harm that explosion causes; The 4th, tower crane of on parent rock, installing or job platform, further assurance personnel's safety from work progress.
Further, what adopt among the B in the step (3) is that waste and old conveyer belt, junked tire or waste and old industrial felt pan cover, and waste rubber goods can reduce the cost of covering.
Further, be provided with in the security area and keep away the big gun canopy, the staff in the security area can be when can not in time withdrawing the scene, and entering keeps away the big gun canopy and hides.
Further, set up together anti-gully detention in the step (4), can reduce cost with protection network.
Further, what protection network adopted is SNS flexible anti protecting wire net, and SNS flexible anti protecting wire net intensity is high and durable.
The present invention comprises analytical calculation and safety measure part, arranges safety measure targetedly through analytical calculation, and the present invention is applied widely and security protection is remarkably productive.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing and the specific embodiment the present invention is done further detailed explanation:
Fig. 1 is the crag avalanche movement locus sketch map of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the slungshot of the embodiment of the invention distance calculation sketch that disperses.
The specific embodiment
A kind of high abrupt slope of the present invention crag body blasting safety protection method, step is following:
(1) crag body stability assessment: combine blow-up point site inspection data; Like tendency of grade of side slope, deformation data, structure face group etc.; Adopt various analysis such as geological analysis method, experimental analogic method, static(al) analytic method, numerical simulation calculation and reliability analysis method to carry out comprehensive analysis and judgement; Use numerical computations and model test method to determine the stability of crag body; With the crag body be divided into instability, understable, basicly stable, stablize this four stable states, dynamic evaluation crag body avalanche risk.
(2) avalanche of crag body falls apart from prediction: as shown in Figure 1, when falling rocks falls in ramped surfaces for the first time, because of collision energy changes, portion of energy consumption is in collision process, and portion of energy will make falling rocks on domatic, continue motion.Falling rocks falls, and the minimizing of potential energy equals the increase of kinetic energy.
According to law of conservation of energy: mgh=1/2mv
2
Can calculate the speed V that falling rocks collides the eve according to following formula, tangential velocity Vt and normal velocity Vn in the time of can calculating collision according to topographic profile, and the angle β of Vt and Vn.
That is: Vn=Vsin β Vt=Vcos β
The normal direction collision on falling rocks and unconsolidated formation ground, slope can be thought heart plastic collision, so Vn=0.The tangential collision, loss late adopts 10%.So it is 1/2m (0.9Vt) that falling rocks collides and keep for the first time its kinetic energy that continues motion on the slope
2Falling rocks continuation campaign on the slope is to be master's comprehensive form to roll and to slide.For convenience of calculation, can be reduced to along the comprehensive fricting movement on slope and analyze.According to the principle of work and power, the potential variation of falling rocks equals kinetic energy change and overcomes friction institute work: be Σ mg Δ h
i=(1/2) m (V
i 2-V
t 2)+Σ mgcosd
iTg Φ
rL
i
In the following formula: V
i: the falling rocks speed that any position had on slope (m/s);
d
i: the mean inclination on each straightway slope (°);
Δ h
i: the vertical height on each straightway slope (m);
Φ
r: falling rocks and domatic between angle of friction (°);
L
i: the length on each straightway slope (m);
The formula distance that just can fall to the maximum of prediction crag avalanche when end speed Vi=0, just can be tried to achieve Σ Vi thus, and Σ Licosai is exactly the maximum horizontal move distance of avalanche.
(3) protection of blasting flyrock is arranged:
A, use former Soviet Union's empirical equation or ballistics formula estimate the distance of blasting flyrock, analyze the direction of dispersing of slungshot;
1. former Soviet Union's empirical equation:
R F=20
K A n 2 W
In the formula:
R F-stone fling distance, m;
K A-with relevant safety coefficients such as topographic and geologic, cartridge bag buried depth and wind speed, get 1～1. 5 usually, when with the wind and wind speed get 1. 5～2 when big, the intermountain landform gets 1. 5～2;
n-blasting action index;
W-minimum burden, m.
2. ballistics formula: as shown in Figure 2, because the influence of the landform and the discrepancy in elevation, the distance R that the slungshot of explosion falls downwards along the hillside can be calculated as follows:
In the formula:
v 0---the initial velocity of slungshot, m/ s;
α---the angle of impelling.If
H 0=
H=0, ground is smooth, and following formula (1) can change into
B, use waste rubber goods cover in the quick-fried district of crag body like waste and old conveyer belt, junked tire or waste and old industrial felt pan etc.;
C, according to the slungshot dispersion distance of steps A gained, be provided with targetedly with quick-fried district be the center the security area, can according to circumstances be provided with in the security area can resist that slungshot impacts keep away the big gun canopy;
(4) protection of explosion Rolling Stone is arranged:
A, build the falling rocks platform in crag body vertical lower;
B, adopt the together anti-gully detention of weak standing method excavation on crag body downside hillside;
C, below the crag body the fixing one SNS protection network of toe;
(5) the bursting work security protection is arranged: on the parent rock of crag body rear, install the safety work platform or the tower crane that ensure the blast working personal security, as install tower crane, the workmen safety belt, safety rope unification be hung on the tower crane.
The detailed description that the above is merely preferred embodiment of the present invention is not to be used for limiting the present invention, and the embodiment of all similar variations of doing according to creation spirit of the present invention all should be contained among the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. high abrupt slope crag body blasting safety protection method, step is following:
(1) crag body stability assessment: combine blow-up point site inspection data, adopt numerical computations and model test method to determine the stability of crag body, dynamic evaluation crag body avalanche risk;
(2) avalanche of crag body falls apart from prediction: according to the maximum horizontal move distance of the measurable crag body of conservation of energy principle avalanche, as shown in the formula:
Σmg·Δh
i=（1/2）m（V
i 2-V
t 2）+Σmgcosd
i·tgΦ
r·L
i
In the formula: Vi: the falling rocks speed that any position had on slope (m/s);
Di: the mean inclination on each straightway slope (°);
Δ hi: the vertical height on each straightway slope (m);
Φ r: falling rocks and domatic between angle of friction (°);
Li: the length on each straightway slope (m);
According to following formula, when end speed Vi=0, just can try to achieve Σ Vi, Σ Licosai is exactly the maximum horizontal move distance of avalanche;
(3) protection of blasting flyrock is arranged: the direction of dispersing of A, the distance that estimates blasting flyrock and analysis slungshot;
B, use cladding material cover in the quick-fried district of crag body;
C, be that the security area is set up at the center with quick-fried district;
(4) protection of explosion Rolling Stone is arranged: A, build the falling rocks platform in crag body vertical lower;
B, anti-gully detention is set on crag body downside hillside;
C, toe is set up protection network below the crag body;
(5) the bursting work security protection is arranged: on the parent rock of crag body rear, install the safety work platform or the tower crane that ensure the blast working personal security.
2. high abrupt slope according to claim 1 crag body blasting safety protection method is characterized in that: what adopt among the B in the step (3) is that waste and old conveyer belt, junked tire or waste and old industrial felt pan cover.
3. high abrupt slope according to claim 1 crag body blasting safety protection method is characterized in that: be provided with in the security area and keep away the big gun canopy.
4. high abrupt slope according to claim 1 crag body blasting safety protection method is characterized in that: set up together anti-gully detention with protection network in the step (4).
5. high abrupt slope according to claim 4 crag body blasting safety protection method is characterized in that: what protection network adopted is SNS flexible anti protecting wire net.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103226912A (en) * | 2013-03-27 | 2013-07-31 | 山东大学 | Device for simulating bursting rolling of dangerous rock bodies on geotechnical engineering slope and using method |
| CN104034219A (en) * | 2014-06-05 | 2014-09-10 | 中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究院有限公司 | Control technology for preventing damage caused by blasting of rolling stones |
| CN105241320A (en) * | 2015-08-14 | 2016-01-13 | 中铁港航局集团有限公司 | Controlled blasting and protecting method for major bridge foundation on two sides of high and steep gorge in scenic spot |
| CN108759598A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2018-11-06 | 武汉科技大学 | A kind of bench blasting for protecting lateral slungshot cooperates with construction method |
| CN111639384A (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2020-09-08 | 四川大学 | Landslide and rockfall protection design method based on three-dimensional laser scanning |
| CN111811345A (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2020-10-23 | 湖南省交通规划勘察设计院有限公司 | Stone breaking method for reducing road unstable steep slope dangerous rock mass catastrophe risk |
| CN117557434A (en) * | 2024-01-12 | 2024-02-13 | 四川省华地建设工程有限责任公司 | Dangerous rock collapse assessment method and system based on artificial intelligence |
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| CN101956467A (en) * | 2010-08-23 | 2011-01-26 | 重庆城建控股(集团)有限责任公司 | Blasting method for disintegrating frame building in situ with low impact |
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101956467A (en) * | 2010-08-23 | 2011-01-26 | 重庆城建控股(集团)有限责任公司 | Blasting method for disintegrating frame building in situ with low impact |
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| 周大海: "静态爆破在危岩地质灾害治理中运用分析", 《科技资讯》, 31 January 2012 (2012-01-31) * |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103226912A (en) * | 2013-03-27 | 2013-07-31 | 山东大学 | Device for simulating bursting rolling of dangerous rock bodies on geotechnical engineering slope and using method |
| CN104034219A (en) * | 2014-06-05 | 2014-09-10 | 中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究院有限公司 | Control technology for preventing damage caused by blasting of rolling stones |
| CN105241320A (en) * | 2015-08-14 | 2016-01-13 | 中铁港航局集团有限公司 | Controlled blasting and protecting method for major bridge foundation on two sides of high and steep gorge in scenic spot |
| CN105241320B (en) * | 2015-08-14 | 2017-01-04 | 中铁港航局集团有限公司 | A kind of both sides, Gao Dou valley, scenic spot bridge abutment controlled blasting and means of defence |
| CN108759598A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2018-11-06 | 武汉科技大学 | A kind of bench blasting for protecting lateral slungshot cooperates with construction method |
| CN111639384A (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2020-09-08 | 四川大学 | Landslide and rockfall protection design method based on three-dimensional laser scanning |
| CN111811345A (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2020-10-23 | 湖南省交通规划勘察设计院有限公司 | Stone breaking method for reducing road unstable steep slope dangerous rock mass catastrophe risk |
| CN117557434A (en) * | 2024-01-12 | 2024-02-13 | 四川省华地建设工程有限责任公司 | Dangerous rock collapse assessment method and system based on artificial intelligence |
| CN117557434B (en) * | 2024-01-12 | 2024-03-19 | 四川省华地建设工程有限责任公司 | Dangerous rock collapse assessment method and system based on artificial intelligence |
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Application publication date: 20121205 |