CN102807373A - Method for preparing porous beta-SiAlON ceramic - Google Patents
Method for preparing porous beta-SiAlON ceramic Download PDFInfo
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- CN102807373A CN102807373A CN2012103412536A CN201210341253A CN102807373A CN 102807373 A CN102807373 A CN 102807373A CN 2012103412536 A CN2012103412536 A CN 2012103412536A CN 201210341253 A CN201210341253 A CN 201210341253A CN 102807373 A CN102807373 A CN 102807373A
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Abstract
A method for preparing porous beta-SiAlON ceramic relates to a method for preparing porous ceramic. The method aims to solve the problem that the porous beta-SiAlON ceramic prepared by an existing partially sintering method is not uniform in distribution of pore structures and uncontrollable in poriness. The method includes the steps of firstly, preparing materials according to the chemical formula Si6-zAlzOzN8-z; secondly, mixing by ball milling to obtain mixed powder; thirdly, subjecting camphene, dispersing agent and the mixed powder to ball-milling to obtain uniform and stable camphene-beta-SiAlON slurry; fourth, condensing to obtain concretionary camphene-beta-SiAlON; fifthly, drying to obtain dried camphene-beta-SiAlON; and sixthly, pressurelessly sintering to obtain the porous beta-SiAlON ceramic. The method is mainly used for preparing porous beta-SiAlON ceramic.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of porous ceramic film material.
Background technology
Development along with technology; The raising of aircraft flight speed; Demands for higher performance to all kinds of aerospacecraft radomes; The hot strength of inorganic materials and dielectric properties give its in high-speed missile, use in enough competitive power, it once was widely used on the airdefence missile of Mach 2 ship about 3.Si
3N
4Pottery is with its good room temperature and mechanical behavior under high temperature, good heat-shock resistance; Become noticeable radome material; Thereby the void content through the control silicon nitride obtains the class A foam A silicon nitride of various different densities, differing dielectric constant, can in order to make high temperature resistant up to 1600 ℃, the broadband, the missile-borne radome of pointing error.The SiAlON pottery is Si
3N
4Pottery sosoloid, the SiAlON pottery absorbs the liquid phase component of sintering process, enters into its structure, thereby has reduced the content of intergranular phase, has purified crystal boundary, thereby improves the high-temperature behavior of material.
Colloidal formation is generally used for preparing the stupalith of complicated shape, mainly comprises flow casting molding, injection molding, gel casting forming and condensation moulding.
In these colloidal formation technology, condensation moulding technical matters is fairly simple.Ceramic size (being generally water base), under low relatively temperature, let it be set in the atresia moral mould as-40 ℃, the distillation of demoulding relief solvent is that lyophilize obtains ceramic body.Obtain to have the stupalith of fine and close hole wall at last through sintering, the formation of interim pore is duplicating of solvent for use crystal habit.This technology has many good qualities, and for example: the manufacturing cycle is short, and the drying process flawless occurs, and avoids removing linking agent and trouble caused.But in the process of condensation with in the cryodesiccated process, need to keep temperature to be lower than 0 ℃.
A preparation that important component part is exactly a slurry of condensation moulding process.Owing to have different crystal habits after the different solvents crystallization that the pulp preparation process is selected for use, thereby can prepare the ceramic foam of Different Pore Structures through choice of Solvent.But need satisfy following condition: suitable curing condition for its choice of Solvent; Has lower viscosity; When solid-state, need higher saturated vapor pressure.
Existing porous β-SiAlON pottery adopts the method for partially sintering to be prepared from, and the porous β that this method prepares-SiAlON ceramic hole structure distribution is inhomogeneous, and can not control the problem of porosity.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to solve the existing porous β-SiAlON pottery that adopts the method for partially sintering to prepare and have the pore structure skewness, and can not control the problem of porosity, and the preparation method of a kind of porous β-SiAlON pottery is provided.
The preparation method of a kind of porous β-SiAlON pottery specifically accomplishes: one, prepare material: according to chemical formula Si according to the following steps
6-zAl
zO
zN
8-z, be that the ratio of 6-z:z:z:8-z takes by weighing Si in Si element, Al element, O element and N element mol ratio
3N
4Powder, Al
2O
3Powder and AlN powder; Chemical formula Si described in the step 1
6-zAl
zO
zN
8-zMiddle z is 1,2,3 or 5; Two, preparation mixed powder: at first with Si
3N
4Ball is an abrading-ball, is ball-milling medium with the absolute ethyl alcohol, the Si that step 1 is taken by weighing
3N
4Powder, Al
2O
3Powder and AlN powder carry out ball milling wet mixing 18h ~ 22h, obtain mixed powder after drying 200 mesh sieves; Si described in the step 2
3N
4Ball quality and Si
3N
4Powder, Al
2O
3The ratio of powder and AlN powder total mass is (0.9 ~ 1.1): 1; Absolute ethyl alcohol volume and Si described in the step 2
3N
4Powder, Al
2O
3The ratio of powder and AlN powder total mass is (1mL ~ 2mL): 1g; Three, preparation down alkene-β-SiAlON slurry: at first down alkene, dispersion agent and mixed powder being placed ball grinder, is 55 ℃ ~ 65 ℃ following ball milling 12h ~ 24h in temperature then, promptly obtains uniform and stable down alkene-β-SiAlON slurry; The mass ratio of dispersion agent described in the step 3 and mixed powder is (0.5 ~ 1): 1, and the volume ratio of down alkene described in the step 3 and mixed powder is (1.5 ~ 9): 1; Four, condensation: be to Vilaterm mould and die preheating 20min ~ 40min under 55 ℃ ~ 65 ℃ at first in temperature; The uniform and stable down alkene-β-SiAlON slurry that then step 3 is obtained is poured in the good Vilaterm mould of preheating; Transfer in the refrigeration plant; Adopt low-temperature receiver to carry out condensation, be condensed to solidify fully till, the down alkene-β-SiAlON that obtains solidifying; Five, drying: it is the dry 40h ~ 56h of 20 ℃ ~ 25 ℃ air coolings that down alkene-β-SiAlON that step 4 is obtained solidifying places temperature; Down alkene-β-the SiAlON that perhaps step 4 is obtained solidifying places freeze drier; In temperature is-1 ℃ ~ 1 ℃ dry 40h ~ 56h down, promptly obtains dry back down alkene-β-SiAlON; Six, pressureless sintering: dry back down alkene-β-SiAlON that step 5 is obtained puts into plumbago crucible, adopts and press BN powder and Si
3N
4Powder volume is than (0.9 ~ 1.1): 1 mixes the BN/Si that obtains
3N
4Mixed powder buries powder, and burying powder thickness is 8mm ~ 12mm, then at N
2Protection is that 20 ℃/min is warming up to 1800 ℃ ~ 1900 ℃ from room temperature with temperature rise rate down, and continuation is 1800 ℃ ~ 1900 ℃ and N in temperature
2Sintering 1h ~ 2h under the protective condition promptly obtains porous β-SiAlON pottery.
Advantage of the present invention: one, the present invention adopts down alkene to replace traditional water as solvent, has solved the problem of AlN raw material chance water generation hydrolysis; Two, the present invention adopts the condensation forming technique to prepare porous β-SiAlON stupalith; Having broken through traditional technology all limits at preparation complex component and harsh drying conditions; (be the volume ratio of down alkene and mixed powder, mixed powder is Si through the control solid load
3N
4Powder, Al
2O
3Powder and AlN powdered mixture) reach the purpose of control porosity, prepared the high-intensity β-SiAlON porous ceramic film material of different porosities, porosity is 36% ~ 71%, is that the bending strength of 36% o'clock stupalith is 306MPa in porosity; Three, the present invention can obtain the β-SiAlON porous ceramic film material of different void content through regulating the solid load of slurry, and specific inductivity is 3.5 ~ 5.6, much smaller than the specific inductivity of the silicon-nitride-based ceramic of densification, satisfies in the practical application requirement to dielectric properties.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the porous β-SiAlON pottery XRD figure of test one preparation; Fig. 2 is the SEM figure of 2000 times on the porous β-SiAlON pottery of test one preparation.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: this embodiment is the preparation method of a kind of porous β-SiAlON pottery, specifically accomplishes according to the following steps: one, prepare material: according to chemical formula Si
6-zAl
zO
zN
8-z, be that the ratio of 6-z:z:z:8-z takes by weighing Si in Si element, Al element, O element and N element mol ratio
3N
4Powder, Al
2O
3Powder and AlN powder; Two, preparation mixed powder: at first with Si
3N
4Ball is an abrading-ball, is ball-milling medium with the absolute ethyl alcohol, the Si that step 1 is taken by weighing
3N
4Powder, Al
2O
3Powder and AlN powder carry out ball milling wet mixing 18h ~ 22h, obtain mixed powder after drying 200 mesh sieves; Three, preparation down alkene-β-SiAlON slurry: at first down alkene, dispersion agent and mixed powder being placed ball grinder, is 55 ℃ ~ 65 ℃ following ball milling 12h ~ 24h in temperature then, promptly obtains uniform and stable down alkene-β-SiAlON slurry; Four, condensation: be to Vilaterm mould and die preheating 20min ~ 40min under 55 ℃ ~ 65 ℃ at first in temperature; The uniform and stable down alkene-β-SiAlON slurry that then step 3 is obtained is poured in the good Vilaterm mould of preheating; Transfer in the refrigeration plant; Adopt low-temperature receiver to carry out condensation, be condensed to solidify fully till, the down alkene-β-SiAlON that obtains solidifying; Five, drying: it is the dry 40h ~ 56h of 20 ℃ ~ 25 ℃ air coolings that down alkene-β-SiAlON that step 4 is obtained solidifying places temperature; Down alkene-β-the SiAlON that perhaps step 4 is obtained solidifying places freeze drier; In temperature is-1 ℃ ~ 1 ℃ dry 40h ~ 56h down, promptly obtains dry back down alkene-β-SiAlON; Six, pressureless sintering: dry back down alkene-β-SiAlON that step 5 is obtained puts into plumbago crucible, adopts and press BN powder and Si
3N
4Powder volume is than (0.9 ~ 1.1): 1 mixes the BN/Si that obtains
3N
4Mixed powder buries powder, and burying powder thickness is 8mm ~ 12mm, then at N
2Protection is that 20 ℃/min is warming up to 1800 ℃ ~ 1900 ℃ from room temperature with temperature rise rate down, and continuation is 1800 ℃ ~ 1900 ℃ and N in temperature
2Sintering 1h ~ 2h under the protective condition promptly obtains porous β-SiAlON pottery.
Chemical formula described in this embodiment step 1 is Si
6-zAl
zO
zN
8-zMiddle z is 1,2,3 or 5.
Si described in this embodiment step 2
3N
4Ball quality and Si
3N
4Powder, Al
2O
3The ratio of powder and AlN powder total mass is (0.9 ~ 1.1): 1; Absolute ethyl alcohol volume and Si described in this embodiment step 2
3N
4Powder, Al
2O
3The ratio of powder and AlN powder total mass is (1mL ~ 2mL): 1g;
The mass ratio of dispersion agent described in this embodiment step 3 and mixed powder is (0.5 ~ 1): 1; The volume ratio of down alkene described in this embodiment step 3 and mixed powder is (15 ~ 9): 1.
Present embodiment adopts down alkene to replace traditional water as solvent, has solved the problem of AlN raw material chance water generation hydrolysis.
This embodiment adopts the condensation forming technique to prepare porous β-SiAlON pottery, has broken through traditional technology and has all limited at preparation complex component and harsh drying conditions, and (be the volume ratio of down alkene and mixed powder, mixed powder is Si through the control solid load
3N
4Powder, Al
2O
3Powder and AlN powdered mixture) reach the purpose of control porosity, prepared the high-intensity β-SiAlON porous ceramic film material of different porosities, porosity is 36% ~ 71%, is that the bending strength of 36% o'clock stupalith is 306MPa in porosity.
This embodiment can obtain porous β-SiAlON pottery of different void content through regulating the solid load of slurry, and specific inductivity is 3.5 ~ 5.6, much smaller than the specific inductivity of the silicon-nitride-based ceramic of densification, satisfies in the practical application requirement to dielectric properties.
In condensation process, obtain the uniform β of porosity distribution-SiAlON pottery through the rate of cooling of controlling slurry.
It is that 20 ℃ ~ 25 ℃ air cooling dryings are because can part melt at 33 ℃ of following down alkene that this embodiment is chosen in temperature; The recrystallize phenomenon taking place, therefore cause the increase in base substrate aperture, causes the uneven phenomenon of pore size distribution; And 20 ℃ ~ 25 ℃ be room temperature; Do not need the just accessible temperature of other refrigerating apparatuss, realize more easily, and reduce preparation cost.
It is that-1 ℃ ~ 1 ℃ following drying is because can recrystallize at-1 ℃ ~ 1 ℃ following down alkene in temperature that this embodiment selects to place freeze drier, and freeze drier is that vacuum environment can be provided, and down alkene is volatilized fully faster, minimizing time of drying.
Embodiment two: this embodiment with the difference of embodiment one is: the dispersion agent described in the step 3 is the modest 923S wetting dispersing agent of moral.Other are identical with embodiment one.
The mixture of the modest 923S wetting dispersing agent of the described moral of this embodiment Se Jiou electroneutral poly carboxylic acid amine salt and modified polyorganosiloxane; By the Guangzhou great chemical industry of brocade ltd Factoring; This dispersion agent is applicable to that down alkene is the slurry of the β-SiAlON starting powder of solvent; Can improve its slurry stability and slurry solid load, so this embodiment is selected the modest 923S wetting dispersing agent of this moral dispersion agent of this embodiment the most.
Embodiment three: this embodiment and embodiment one or one of two differences are: the low-temperature receiver described in the step 4 is that frozen water, temperature are the liquid nitrogen that-60 ℃ ~-30 ℃ alcohol or temperature is-185 ℃ ~-180 ℃.Other are identical with embodiment one or two.
Adopt following verification experimental verification effect of the present invention:
Test one: the preparation method of a kind of porous β-SiAlON pottery, specifically accomplish: one, prepare material: according to chemical formula Si according to the following steps
3Al
3O
3N
5, be that the ratio of 3:3:3:5 takes by weighing Si in Si element, Al element, O element and N element mol ratio
3N
4Powder, Al
2O
3Powder and AlN powder; Two, preparation mixed powder: at first with Si
3N
4Ball is an abrading-ball, is ball-milling medium with the absolute ethyl alcohol, the Si that step 1 is taken by weighing
3N
4Powder, Al
2O
3Powder and AlN powder carry out ball milling wet mixing 20h, obtain mixed powder after drying 200 mesh sieves; Three, preparation down alkene-β-SiAlON slurry: at first down alkene, dispersion agent and mixed powder being placed ball grinder, is 60 ℃ of following ball milling 18h in temperature then, promptly obtains uniform and stable down alkene-β-SiAlON slurry; Four, condensation: be to Vilaterm mould and die preheating 30min under 60 ℃ at first in temperature; The uniform and stable down alkene-β-SiAlON slurry that then step 3 is obtained is poured in the good Vilaterm mould of preheating; Transfer in the refrigeration plant; With the frozen water is that low-temperature receiver carries out condensation, be condensed to solidify fully till, the down alkene-β-SiAlON that obtains solidifying; Five, drying: it is the dry 48h of 22 ℃ of air coolings that down alkene-β-SiAlON that step 4 is obtained solidifying places temperature, promptly obtains dry back down alkene-β-SiAlON; Six, pressureless sintering: dry back down alkene-β-SiAlON that step 5 is obtained puts into plumbago crucible, adopts and press BN powder and Si
3N
4Powder volume is mixed the BN/Si that obtains than 1:1
3N
4Mixed powder buries powder, and burying powder thickness is 10mm, then at N
2Protection is that 20 ℃/min is warming up to 1800 ℃ from room temperature with temperature rise rate down, and continuation is 1800 ℃ and N in temperature
2Sintering 1.5h under the protective condition promptly obtains porous β-SiAlON pottery.
The mass ratio of dispersion agent described in this testing sequence three and mixed powder is 1:1; Si described in this testing sequence two
3N
4Ball quality and Si
3N
4Powder, Al
2O
3The ratio of powder and AlN powder total mass is 1:1; Absolute ethyl alcohol volume and Si described in this testing sequence two
3N
4Powder, Al
2O
3The ratio of powder and AlN powder total mass is 1.5mL:1g; The volume ratio of down alkene described in this testing sequence three and mixed powder is 7:3.
Adopt X-ray diffractometer to observe the porous β of this test preparation-SiAlON pottery; As shown in Figure 1; Fig. 1 is porous β-SiAlON pottery XRD figure of this test preparation, and what provide through Fig. 1 is exactly the XRD test result, and analysis can know that thing is β-SiAlON mutually; Porous β-SiAlON pottery of confirming this test preparation is explained the generation not influence of void content to β-SiAlON thing phase for there being the ceramic foam of β-SiAlON thing phase.
Adopt the porous β-SiAlON pottery of this test of sem observation preparation; As shown in Figure 2; Fig. 2 is the SEM figure of 2000 times of the porous β-SiAlON pottery of this test preparation; Can see to portal to be evenly distributed in the matrix that hole wall is basic fine and close fully and be made up of long bar-shaped β-SiAlON crystal grain through Fig. 2.
By detecting the porous β-SiAlON pottery porosity that can know this test preparation is 36%, and bending strength is 306MPa.
Claims (3)
1. the preparation method of porous β-SiAlON pottery is characterized in that the preparation method of porous β-SiAlON pottery accomplishes according to the following steps: one, prepare material: according to chemical formula Si
6-zAl
zO
zN
8-z, be that the ratio of 6-z:z:z:8-z takes by weighing Si in Si element, Al element, O element and N element mol ratio
3N
4Powder, Al
2O
3Powder and AlN powder; Chemical formula Si described in the step 1
6-zAl
zO
zN
8-zMiddle z is 1,2,3 or 5; Two, preparation mixed powder: at first with Si
3N
4Ball is an abrading-ball, is ball-milling medium with the absolute ethyl alcohol, the Si that step 1 is taken by weighing
3N
4Powder, Al
2O
3Powder and AlN powder carry out ball milling wet mixing 18h ~ 22h, obtain mixed powder after drying 200 mesh sieves; Si described in the step 2
3N
4Ball quality and Si
3N
4Powder, Al
2O
3The ratio of powder and AlN powder total mass is (0.9 ~ 1.1): 1; Absolute ethyl alcohol volume and Si described in the step 2
3N
4Powder, Al
2O
3The ratio of powder and AlN powder total mass is (1mL ~ 2mL): 1g; Three, preparation down alkene-β-SiAlON slurry: at first down alkene, dispersion agent and mixed powder being placed ball grinder, is 55 ℃ ~ 65 ℃ following ball milling 12h ~ 24h in temperature then, promptly obtains uniform and stable down alkene-β-SiAlON slurry; The mass ratio of dispersion agent described in the step 3 and mixed powder is (0.5 ~ 1): 1, and the volume ratio of down alkene described in the step 3 and mixed powder is (15 ~ 9): 1; Four, condensation: be to Vilaterm mould and die preheating 20min ~ 40min under 55 ℃ ~ 65 ℃ at first in temperature; The uniform and stable down alkene-β-SiAlON slurry that then step 3 is obtained is poured in the good Vilaterm mould of preheating; Transfer in the refrigeration plant; Adopt low-temperature receiver to carry out condensation, be condensed to solidify fully till, the down alkene-β-SiAlON that obtains solidifying; Five, drying: it is the dry 40h ~ 56h of 20 ℃ ~ 25 ℃ air coolings that down alkene-β-SiAlON that step 4 is obtained solidifying places temperature; Down alkene-β-the SiAlON that perhaps step 4 is obtained solidifying places freeze drier; In temperature is-1 ℃ ~ 1 ℃ dry 40h ~ 56h down, promptly obtains dry back down alkene-β-SiAlON; Six, pressureless sintering: dry back down alkene-β-SiAlON that step 5 is obtained puts into plumbago crucible, adopts and press BN powder and Si
3N
4Powder volume is than (0.9 ~ 1.1): 1 mixes the BN/Si that obtains
3N
4Mixed powder buries powder, and burying powder thickness is 8mm～12mm, then at N
2Protection is that 20 ℃/min is warming up to 1800 ℃ ~ 1900 ℃ from room temperature with temperature rise rate down, and continuation is 1800 ℃ ~ 1900 ℃ and N in temperature
2Sintering 1h ~ 2h under the protective condition promptly obtains porous β-SiAlON pottery.
2. the preparation method of a kind of porous β according to claim 1-SiAlON pottery is characterized in that the dispersion agent described in the step 3 is the modest 923S wetting dispersing agent of moral.
3. the preparation method of a kind of porous β according to claim 1 and 2-SiAlON pottery is characterized in that the low-temperature receiver described in the step 4 is that frozen water, temperature are the liquid nitrogen that-60 ℃～-30 ℃ alcohol or temperature is-185 ℃～-180 ℃.
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| CN104108938A (en) * | 2014-07-04 | 2014-10-22 | 航天特种材料及工艺技术研究所 | Preparation method for Sialon ceramic |
| CN106518090A (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2017-03-22 | 湖南工业大学 | Sialon ceramic friction welding stirring head and production method thereof |
| CN107840664A (en) * | 2016-09-20 | 2018-03-27 | 日本碍子株式会社 | Sialon sintered body, its preparation method, composite base plate and electronic device |
| CN114516759A (en) * | 2022-02-10 | 2022-05-20 | 贵州理工学院 | Method for preparing Sialon material from industrial waste residues |
| CN115340389A (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2022-11-15 | 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 | Porous beta-SiAlON ceramic and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104108938A (en) * | 2014-07-04 | 2014-10-22 | 航天特种材料及工艺技术研究所 | Preparation method for Sialon ceramic |
| CN107840664A (en) * | 2016-09-20 | 2018-03-27 | 日本碍子株式会社 | Sialon sintered body, its preparation method, composite base plate and electronic device |
| CN107840664B (en) * | 2016-09-20 | 2021-09-21 | 日本碍子株式会社 | Sialon sintered body, method for producing same, composite substrate, and electronic device |
| CN106518090A (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2017-03-22 | 湖南工业大学 | Sialon ceramic friction welding stirring head and production method thereof |
| CN106518090B (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2019-10-11 | 湖南工业大学 | A kind of Sialon ceramics friction welding (FW) stirring-head and preparation method thereof |
| CN115340389A (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2022-11-15 | 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 | Porous beta-SiAlON ceramic and preparation method thereof |
| CN115340389B (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2023-01-31 | 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 | Porous beta-SiAlON ceramic and preparation method thereof |
| CN114516759A (en) * | 2022-02-10 | 2022-05-20 | 贵州理工学院 | Method for preparing Sialon material from industrial waste residues |
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Application publication date: 20121205 |