CN102806994A - Ultra-light single-person deceleration tilting type coaxial helicopter - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an ultra-light single-person deceleration tilting type coaxial helicopter, which comprises a helicopter body, a bracket device, a power mechanism, a rotor wing pitch change mechanism, a control mechanism for the rotor wing pitch change mechanism, an upper rotor wing assembly and a lower rotor wing assembly, wherein the bracket device is connected with the stand column of the helicopter body; the power mechanism is fixedly arranged on the bracket device; the rotor wing pitch change mechanism is connected with the power mechanism; and the upper rotor wing assembly and the lower rotor wing assembly are connected with the rotor wing pitch change mechanism. On the basis of keeping the original advantages of the coaxial helicopter, the design is characterized in that the complex automatic inclinator control mechanism and the complex empennage of the traditional helicopter are omitted, and the construction of the control mechanism of the coaxial helicopter is simplified. For a personal aircraft market, the ultra-light single-person deceleration tilting type coaxial helicopter which is less than 116kg and is provided with double engines is provided, the limitation of the aviation regulations can be evaded, expensive driving qualification training expense is reduced, the lift-off permission applying difficulty is avoided, and a shortcut for flying to the sky is provided for most helicopter fans who dream of flying to the sky but are limited by economy and regulation reasons.

Description

The single deceleration tilting type of microlight-type coaxal helicopter

Technical field the present invention relates to aviation aircraft, the single deceleration tilting type of particularly a kind of microlight-type coaxal helicopter.Background technology

Along with people's growth in the living standard and field, low latitude open gradually, aircraft are stepped into the distance of people's life continue automobile after more and more nearer, but owing to receive the restriction that the aviation rules are applied for aircraft weight, lift-off; Most of aircraft was all restricted on the ground by these obstacles in the most of the time; Helicopter is very good and welcome by numerous fans to the extremely low aircraft of site requirements as a kind of maneuvering performance, and as branch's kind of helicopter, coaxial facility have rotor efficient high; Good stability; Driving engine and rotor efficient capable of using is high, and the little incomparable advantage of pure helicopter that waits of floor area can occupy more commercial market, and conventional coaxial machine mode is simple more a lot of than pure helicopter; But the structure of its auto-bank unit control mechanism is complicated more a lot of than pure helicopter; Cause manufacturing and safeguard to go up and compare the pure helicopter trouble much that brothers also have relatively high expectations to the driver with controlling, and adopt the coaxial machine of empennage deflection way; The problem that when parking, still has volume restrictions; Conventional one-man helicopter only possesses a driving engine, can't in time recover in case break down, and will have to face the danger of air crash and adopts the non-safe falling mode of spin forced landing.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is directed to the deficiency of prior art; On the basis that keeps coaxial machine advantage; Provide that a kind of designs simplification, compactness, cost and maintenance cost are cheap, safety performance is high, weight meets the aviation laws and regulations requirement, have the single deceleration tilting type of two-engined microlight-type coaxal helicopter; This coaxal helicopter adopts both hands control, and relies on a hand just can accomplish most of flicon.The design is on the basis that keeps the original advantage of coaxial machine; Omit conventional helicopters complicated auto-bank unit control mechanism and empennage; Simplify its control mechanism structure; In the face of personal aircraft market, provide to weigh less than the single deceleration tilting type of 116kg outfit two-engined microlight-type coaxal helicopter, can evade the restriction of aviation rules; Reduce expensive driving qualification training expenses and the difficulty of the application permission that avoids going up to the air, can the shortcut in blue sky on a kind of the flying be provided for most of hearts but receive the helicopter fan of economy and rules reason restriction in blue sky.

The technical scheme that the present invention adopted is; The single deceleration tilting type of a kind of microlight-type coaxal helicopter; Comprise fuselage, with the column bonded assembly bracket system of fuselage, be fixed on actuating unit on the bracket system, with the control mechanism of actuating unit bonded assembly rotary wing changing spacing mechanism, rotary wing changing spacing mechanism, with the upper and lower rotor assemblies of rotary wing changing spacing mechanism bonded assembly; It is characterized in that

1) this fuselage comprise mounting, with mounting center bonded assembly column, by downward-sloping three strut bars that stretch in mounting center, be installed on the anterior operator's saddle of mounting, be installed on the column top after vert support, preceding vert support through connecting arm with after the support that verts connect as one;

2) support and support upper end axis hole concentric; The axis hole that connects carriage and carriage top through bolt, axle sleeve, nut; The support of fuselage and carriage connect as one make carriage can about vert, about two caging bolts that vert are installed in both sides, support upper end axis hole below;

3) between carriage and carriage, be mounted with actuating unit; Be located at connecting arm directly over; Said actuating unit comprises first class reducer structure, driving engine 35 and switching-over counter gear case 45, is fixed on the first class reducer structure that the driving engine of switching-over counter gear case both sides is self-contained to have centrifugal clutch to get rid of piece, when behind engine starting, reaching certain rotating speed; Combining of the centrifugal clutch combined cover of beginning spreading and first class reducer structure under centrifugal action; To driving gear shaft and the driven gear that is meshed with it, driven gear drives switching-over counter-rotating bevel gear with transmission of power, and switching-over counter-rotating bevel gear is respectively with following rotor shaft bevel gear, upward the rotor shaft bevel gear is meshed; Make down the rotor shaft bevel gear, go up rotor shaft bevel gear generation contrarotation; Thereby with following rotor shaft and the last rotor shaft of transmission of power, drive at last and go up rotor, rotor contrarotation down, realize rising or landing to contrarotation each other;

4) the rotary wing changing spacing mechanism comprises rotor displacement ring under the ring-type; Its front and back end all is provided with the connection pawl; The rear end connects pawl and connects with the pawl that is connected of following rotor bearing seat, moves the wisp on the right hand handle, through the joint of pulling displacement backguy end and two displacement pawls of bonded assembly displacement pawl thereof; These two displacement pawls are that movement in a curve is done at the center with displacement pawl axle, the extruding pull back spring; The displacement ring is that the center is done the displacement action downwards along camber line with its rear end tie bolt; Rotary wing changing is respectively equipped with bolt hole with the side on the ring-type above the boss of the ring left and right sides; Bolt hole with the side above the boss communicates, and side bolt holes is used to install the shifting fork bar bolt, and shifting fork bar bolt thread position is processed with limited impression; Caging bolt is screwed into tapped bore above the boss and pushes down the limited impression of shifting fork bar bolt and make its location; Shifting fork bar bolt front end polished rod partly inserts rotary wing changing in the long slot bore of ring overcoat both sides engaging lug, and the long trough hole on the engaging lug of overcoat both sides provides the gap for himself because of the skew that takes place to produce when displacement moves up and down, and last rotary wing changing is identical with the external diameter of last rotor shaft apart from the internal diameter of the interior cover of ring; Its upper end is provided with the limited step of rotary wing changing apart from collar bearing; Interior cover both sides, stage casing have pinhole, and the length of pin axle is identical apart from the interior cover of ring diameter with last rotary wing changing, and the pin axle penetrates the interior cover of displacement ring; And pass rotor shaft and its in-to-in displacement push rod is installed; Cover in the displacement ring is installed in the rotor shaft bottom, and the long trough hole of last rotor shaft makes the interior cover of displacement ring to slide up and down along axle within the specific limits, so that adapt apart from stroke with last rotary wing changing;

5) control mechanism of rotary wing changing spacing mechanism is a block form handle control mechanism; Comprise the control stalk pedestal; Its stem portion is inserted in the anterior mounting hole of switching-over counter gear case; Its preceding parts casing pipe is equipped with control stalk, and the top is provided with horizontal axis hole, fixes following rotor L type displacement pawl, goes up rotor L type displacement pawl through axle; Be fixed with Handle axis on the handle chassis, Handle axis connects the moving throttle shift fork of duplex; The wisp of left handle, right handles, the displacement backguy of control displacement pawl, displacement pawl; The shift fork arm of the moving throttle shift fork of the duplex of V-arrangement top connects acceleration cable; The side-lower shift fork arm of the moving throttle shift fork of duplex is positioned at the left hand handle, right hand handle is inboard; The front lower place of both hands thumb when being in driver's both hands and holding left and right handle; The both hands thumb simultaneously or press down separately and stir the moving throttle fork controls throttle of duplex can be controlled the driving engine of both sides and the rotating speed of upper and lower rotor and realize; The throttle adjustment bolt is installed on the handle chassis, and the throttle adjustment bolt is provided with hollow step, can limit and the fixing sleeve pipe of acceleration cable, thus the elasticity of up-down adjustment acceleration cable;

6) propeller hub is criss-cross, and propeller hub center longitudinal hole is used for overlapping loads onto rotor shaft and following rotor shaft, and following rotor shaft top is equipped with four prismatic propeller hubs, and this propeller hub side is provided with 6 screw holes; Be used for tie bolt, these 6 screw holes are round outside but spuare inside pin joint hole, are provided with step cutting pattern section and four prismatic pin joint hole sections in the pin joint hole; Four prismatic pin joint hole sections and propeller hub longitudinal hole intersect, and six bolts are fixed on propeller hub on rotor shaft and the following rotor shaft with the key pin form, and the front end of bolt is pressed in that realization is accurate on the predetermined groove of rotor shaft and following rotor shaft locatees; Propeller hub longitudinal hole both sides are provided with two horizontal sleeve pipes, and this sleeve pipe is used for fixing rotor or following rotor on blade folder axle and the blade folder axle bonded assembly, and propeller hub both sides inside pipe casing is provided with concave ball shape groove and screw thread; Concave ball shape axle sleeve inside is provided with the concave ball shape groove, and its center is provided with through hole and outer wall is provided with screw thread, and this outer wall thread middle part is provided with groove; Bolt is pressing this outer wall thread groove to make the axle sleeve location, and the sleeve pipe of axle sleeve and propeller hub both sides is spirally connected, and protruding spherical axle sleeve outside is semi-convex spherical; Its external diameter is identical with axle sleeve in-to-in concave ball shape groove internal diameter, so both assemble and constitute a rotary spherical faying face, and axle sleeve 108 inside are provided with hole that bearing 105 is installed and the through hole that blade folder axle is installed; Blade folder axle two ends tip all is processed with screw thread, and one of them screw thread position is provided with vertical hole, and the axle stage casing is provided with limited step; Bearing is positioned at the limited step left side, is compressed by nut, and spring cotter passes nut and the vertical hole of axle; Nut is spacing, and bearing installation is spacing by step in axle sleeve, and axle passes the central through hole of the concave spherical surface of bearing, axle sleeve and axle sleeve; The propeller hub both sides sleeve pipe of packing into, an end of axle sleeve is provided with the isolation step, after blade folder shaft extension goes out axle sleeve; Pass axle sleeve and be enclosed within the damping gum cover on the axle sleeve outer wall, be connected with blade folder internal thread hole, the damping gum cover is installed in the sleeve pipe of propeller hub both sides; Damping gum cover external diameter is identical with propeller hub both sides casing inner diameter, and its internal diameter is identical with the axle sleeve external diameter, and the damping gum cover is used for cushioning and limit blade folder axle waving up and down in working order the time; The isolation step of axle sleeve front end separates damping gum cover and blade folder

7) the screwed spindle nose end of blade folder shaft end is processed with spacing concave surface, and the blade folder is used for connecting fixedly rotor, and the front portion is provided with horizontal and vertical screw hole; The rear portion is the clamping plate seat, is used to connect rotor ball-head tension rod, following rotor ball-head tension rod, and axle is spirally connected with the blade folder; Bolt is compressed into the male thread concave surface and is realized the location, and bearing installation is on blade folder axle, and nut is threaded with blade folder shaft rear end tip; The opening pin passes nut and blade folder shaft rear end head; Bearing inner sleeve is fixed on realize before the step of blade folder axle spacing, bearing outside be installed into realize before the step in the propeller hub concave ball shape axle sleeve spacing, the axle sleeve that blade folder axle passes bearing, axle sleeve and combines with the protruding spherical of axle sleeve; The concave ball shape axle sleeve is connected with propeller hub both sides casing threads; Bolt is installed into propeller hub both sides sleeve pipe, and it is spacing to compress the axle sleeve realization, and nut top is withstood the ball recess of propeller hub both sides sleeve pipe; The ball recess in the sleeve pipe of propeller hub both sides and the concave spherical surface of axle sleeve; Combine with the protruding sphere of nut top and axle sleeve respectively, make blade folder axle in the sleeve pipe of propeller hub both sides, to carry out activity up and down nimbly and freely, after blade folder shaft extension goes out blade folder concave ball shape axle sleeve; The damping gum cover that passes axle sleeve and be enclosed within the axle sleeve outer wall; Axle sleeve guaranteed blade folder axle and blade be not clipped in blade folder axle damping gum cover state of contact under, blade folder axle can be at upper and lower rotor ball-head tension rod, lift the blade folder connects to rotate freely in the pawl process and realizes the displacement action, and a blade folder axle damping gum cover can cushion and limit blade folder waving up and down in the time of the rotor mode of operation.

Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:

1. the present invention's coaxial machine of tilting type that slows down is combined into one commutate reversing device, retarder and the control structure of verting of rotor, and structure is compact extremely; Cost and maintenance cost are cheap; The more conventional one-man helicopter of weight significantly reduces, owing to adopt the extremely light propeller-parachuting driving engine of weight as power, and can be in legal microlight-type aircraft weight boundary 116kg the complete machine weight control; Without any need for airworthiness certificate, receive the aviation rule limits less.

2. the present invention's coaxial machine of tilting type that slows down, it is extremely simple to drive control, only just can realize up-down through regulating gyroplane rotate speed.All are controlled on the basis of characteristic keeping pure helicopter; All controls are all concentrated in the block form handle control mechanism, adopt upper and lower rotor pitch control mechanism independently separately, through control individually or simultaneously up and down the rotor pitch accomplish lift and change; And can be through the pitch of rotor on the independent adjustment or following rotor; Make that the oppositely directed torsion of generation is poor between the upper and lower rotor, accomplish the pivot stud action, in the normal driving process; Owing to adopt the moving throttle shift fork of duplex; Both hands from any side can independent operation the rotating speed of control rotor, the major part that makes any hand just can accomplish flight is controlled, and makes the another hand can be engaged in otherwise work.

3. the present invention is equipped with twin-engined; Even a driving engine breaks down; Rely on another driving engine also can accomplish safe falling; Even twin-engined while et out of orders, the rotary wing changing that still can rely on coaxial machine itself to possess is realized the spin forced landing apart from function, and therefore safety factor of the present invention is higher.The design is on the basis that keeps the original advantage of coaxial machine; Omit conventional helicopters complicated auto-bank unit control mechanism and empennage; Simplify its control mechanism structure; In the face of personal aircraft market, provide to weigh less than the single deceleration tilting type of 116kg outfit two-engined microlight-type coaxal helicopter, can evade the restriction of aviation rules; Reduce expensive driving qualification training expenses and the difficulty of the application permission that avoids going up to the air, can the shortcut in blue sky on a kind of the flying be provided for most of hearts but receive the helicopter fan of economy and rules reason restriction in blue sky.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing and the specific embodiment the present invention is done further explain.

Fig. 1 is a complete machine schematic appearance under the driving condition of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a complete machine structure scheme drawing of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of fuselage shown in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is the parts assembly relation scheme drawing of the inclining rotary mechanism of deceleration shown in Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is the sectional structure scheme drawing along B-B line among Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is the parts assembly relation scheme drawing of retarder shown in Fig. 4;

Fig. 7 is the parts assembly relation scheme drawing between switching-over counter gear case shown in Fig. 4 and the upper and lower rotary wing changing spacing mechanism;

Fig. 8 is the assembly relation scheme drawing of counter gear case of switching-over shown in Fig. 4 and following rotor bearing seat;

Fig. 9 is the annexation cross-sectional schematic of switching-over counter gear case shown in Fig. 4 and upper and lower rotary wing changing spacing mechanism;

Figure 10 is the parts assembly relation scheme drawing of the hand grip control means of block form shown in Fig. 2;

Figure 11 is the hand grip control means of block form shown in Fig. 2 and the upper and lower rotary wing changing annexation scheme drawing apart from ring;

Figure 12 is the parts assembly relation scheme drawing of following rotor displacement ring shown in Figure 11;

Figure 13 is the annexation scheme drawing of control setup of right handles shown in Figure 10 and following rotor displacement ring;

Figure 14 goes up the parts assembly relation scheme drawing of rotary wing changing apart from ring shown in Figure 11;

Figure 15 is the control setup of left handle shown in Figure 10 and the last rotary wing changing annexation scheme drawing apart from ring;

Figure 16 is the parts assembly relation scheme drawing of the folder of blade shown in Fig. 2;

Figure 17 is the structural representation of propeller hub shown in Figure 16.

1. mountings among the figure; 2. column; 3. strut bar; 4. operator's saddle; 5. support preceding verts; 6. support verts after; 7. connecting arm; 8. foot-driven lever support; 9. foot-driven lever; 10. support wheel; 11. preceding support wheel shaft; 12. about the caging bolt that verts; The frame that asks 13. lean forward; The frame 14. hypsokinesis is asked; 15. bolt; 16. axle sleeve; 17. nut; 18. fuel tank; 19. gear case; 20. gear case cover plate; 21. driving gear shaft; 22. bearing; 23. bearing; 24. power-transfer clutch combined cover; 25. bolt; 26. bearing; 27. driven gear; 28. unilateral bearing; 29. bracket bearing; 30. cover plate; 31. bearing support ring; 32. little backup bearing; 33. bearing support ring; 34. jam nut; 35. driving engine; 36. following rotor bearing seat; 360. connection pawl; 37. tapered roller bearing; 38. bearing; 39. bearing support; 40. following rotor shaft; 41. bevel gear; 42. last rotor shaft; 43. bevel gear; 44. pin bolt; 45. switching-over counter gear case; 450. connection pawl; 46. bevel gear; 47. bearing seat; 48. bearing; 49. bearing; 50. bearing seat; 51. bearing; 52. Spring Card; 53. displacement push rod; 54. ram seat; 55. displacement cross bar; 56. caging bolt; 57. control stalk pedestal; 58.L type displacement pawl; 59.L type displacement pawl; 60. displacement pawl axle; 61. displacement pawl linkage connector; 62. displacement pawl connecting rod; 63. displacement pawl connection rod sphere; 64. displacement backguy; 65. control stalk; 66. handle chassis; 67. Handle axis; 68. left handle; 69. right handles; 70. duplex is moved the throttle shift fork; 71. handle nut; 72. dowel bolt; 73. throttle adjustment bolt; 74. acceleration cable; 75. displacement pawl pull back spring; 76. positioning joint; 77. adjusting bolt; 78. setting nut; 79. following rotor displacement ring; 80. bolt; 81. caging bolt; 82. overcoat; 83. Spring Card; 84. bearing; 85. interior cover; 86. Spring Card; 87. last rotary wing changing is apart from ring; 88. bolt; 89. caging bolt; 90. overcoat; 91. Spring Card; 92. bearing; 93. interior cover; 94. pin axle; 95. Spring Card; 96. last rotor; 97. pull bar; 98. following rotor; 99. ball-head tension rod; 100. blade folder; 101. propeller hub; 102. dowel bolt; 103. bolt; 104. opening pin; 105. bearing; 106. acorn nut; 107. blade folder axle; 108. protruding spherical axle sleeve; 109. concave ball shape axle sleeve; 110. damping gum cover; 111. axle sleeve; 112. caging bolt.

The specific embodiment

Like Fig. 1, shown in Figure 2; The single deceleration tilting type of microlight-type of the present invention coaxal helicopter, comprise fuselage, with the column bonded assembly bracket system of fuselage, be fixed on actuating unit (comprising driving engine and retarder and switching-over counter gear case) on the bracket system, with the control mechanism of actuating unit bonded assembly rotary wing changing spacing mechanism, rotary wing changing spacing mechanism, and the upper and lower rotor assemblies of rotary wing changing spacing mechanism bonded assembly.

Fig. 3 has provided the structure of fuselage.As shown in Figure 3, this fuselage comprises mounting 1, with mounting center bonded assembly column 2, by downward-sloping three strut bars 3 that stretch in mounting center, be installed on the anterior operator's saddle 4 of mounting, be installed on the column top after vert support 6, preceding vert support 5 through connecting arm 7 with after the support 6 that verts connect as one.On the strut bar 3 in operator's saddle 4 dead aheads, foot-driven lever support 8 is installed, supports wheel shaft 11 before being equipped with on this foot-driven lever support 8, foot-driven lever 9 is installed, support wheel 10 is installed at each strut bar front end at the two ends of preceding support wheel shaft 11.After the caging bolt 12 that verts about both sides, support 6 top are equipped with that verts.

Fig. 4 and Fig. 9 have provided the annexation of bracket system and fuselage medium-height trestle; Like Fig. 4, shown in Figure 9; Support 5 and support 6 upper end axis hole concentrics, through the axis hole of bolt 15, axle sleeve 16, nut 17 connection carriages 13 and carriage 14 tops, one connects as one the support of fuselage and carriage.Between carriage 13 and carriage 14, be mounted with actuating unit, be located at connecting arm 7 directly over.Said actuating unit comprises first class reducer structure, driving engine 35 and switching-over counter gear case 45.Because the axis hole concentric of carriage 13, carriage 14 and support 5, support 6 tops, therefore, carriage and actuating unit can vert along about axial line A-A '.As shown in Figure 3, about two caging bolts 12 that vert are installed in both sides, support 6 upper end axis holes below, be used to limit carriage 14 about the amplitude of verting.

Fig. 4 to Fig. 9 has provided the structure of actuating unit.As shown in Figure 4, said actuating unit comprises first class reducer structure, driving engine 35 and switching-over counter gear case 45.Be fixed on the first class reducer structure that the driving engine 35 of switching-over counter gear case both sides is self-contained to have centrifugal clutch to get rid of piece; When after driving engine 35 starts, reaching certain rotating speed; Beginning spreading under centrifugal action combines (see figure 4) with the centrifugal clutch combined cover 24 of first class reducer structure; Transmission of power is reached driven gear 27 (see figure 5)s that are meshed with it to driving gear shaft 21; Driven gear 27 drives switching-over counter-rotating bevel gears 46, switching-over counter-rotating bevel gear 46 respectively with following rotor shaft bevel gear 41, go up rotor shaft bevel gear 43 and be meshed, make down rotor shaft bevel gear 41, upward rotor shaft bevel gear 43 generation contrarotations; Thereby, drive at last and go up rotor 96, following rotor 98 contrarotation (see figure 2)s the following rotor shaft 40 and last rotor shaft 42 (see figure 5)s of transmission of power to contrarotation each other.

Like Fig. 4, shown in Figure 5; Bilateral symmetry at switching-over counter gear case 45 is provided with the identical one-level retarder of two nested structures; This retarder is fastened by reducing gearbox 19 and gear case cover plate 20 and constitutes through bolted connection, on the draw-in groove that is bolted to carriage 13 and carriage 14.This retarder side is equipped with driving engine 35.Engine output passes to switching-over counter-rotating bevel gear 46 through retarder, and switching-over counter-rotating bevel gear 46 is realized rising or landing through last rotor shaft 42, rotor shaft 40 goes to drive upper and lower rotor rotation down.In addition, bearing seat 36 outsides of switching-over counter gear case 45 tops are provided with one and connect pawl 360 (see figure 7)s, are used to connect rotor displacement ring 79 down.Switching-over counter gear case 45 lower outer also are provided with one and connect pawl 450 (see figure 7)s, are used to connect rotary wing changing apart from ring 87.

Like Fig. 5, shown in Figure 9; Bearing seat 36 inner upper end are installed bearing 38; Tapered roller bearing 37 is installed with fixing rotor shaft 40 down in the lower end; Following rotor shaft 40 is passed down through the interior cover of bevel gear 41, tightens pin bolt 44 it is got in bevel gear 41 interior covers and following rotor shaft 40 walls, and the two is connected as one.Cover is installed in down outside rotor shaft bevel gear 41 axle sleeves in the tapered roller bearing 37, and pin bolt 44 is spacing.Be provided with bearing support 39 between tapered roller bearing 37 overcoats and following rotor axle bearing 38 overcoats.Following rotor shaft 40 is passed down to overlap in rotor shaft bevel gear 41 interior covers and the following rotor axle bearing 38 and is extended upwardly out bearing seat 36.Bearing 38 is installed in the bearing seat 36 is used for fixing rotor shaft 40 down with tapered roller bearing 37.Following rotor shaft 40 is passed the interior cover of underspin parafoil gear 41, and pin bolt 44 is installed into down in the interior cover and following rotor shaft 40 walls of rotor shaft bevel gear 41, and the two is connected as one.Cover is installed in down outside rotor shaft bevel gear 41 axle sleeves in the tapered roller bearing 37, and pin bolt 44 is spacing.Between tapered roller bearing 37 overcoats and following rotor axle bearing 38 overcoats, a neck bearing support 39 is installed.Following rotor shaft 40 passes bevel gear 41 interior covers and bearing 38 interior covers upwards stretch out.By bolted connection, switching-over counter gear case 45 bottoms are provided with the bearing 49 of rotor shaft bevel gear between the switching-over counter gear case 45 of bearing seat 36 and below, and last rotor shaft 42 connects as one with pin bolt 44 with last rotor shaft bevel gear 43 equally.Cover is installed on the bevel gear 43 axle sleeve outer walls in the bearing 49, and bearing 49 overcoats are installed in switching-over counter gear case 45 bottoms.Last rotor shaft 42 upwards passes down rotor shaft 40; Last rotary wing changing is installed in the rotor shaft 42 apart from push rod 53; Displacement push rod 53 screw top bar heads upwards stretch out in last rotor shaft 42; Connect pawl 450 outside switching-over counter gear case 45 bottoms and be used for connecting pawl through rotary wing changing on the bolted connection apart from ring 87 rear ends, last rotary wing changing is the axle sleeve that a upper end has limited step apart from the interior cover 93 of ring.Pin axle 94 penetrates cover 93 in the displacement ring, goes up the long slot bore and the displacement push rod 53 of rotor shaft 42, and cover 93 in the displacement ring is connected on rotor shaft 42 bottoms.The long slot bore of last rotor shaft 42 adapts the scope that cover 93 in the displacement ring slides up and down along last rotor shaft 42 and the displacement scope of last rotor 96.

As shown in Figure 6; Bearing 22 and big bearing 23 are equipped with in the two ends of driving gear shaft 21; The hub splines of centrifugal clutch combined cover 24 passes the big bearing 23 that is installed on the cover plate 20; Combine with the spline axle head of driving gear shaft 21, bolt 25 is threaded with driving gear shaft 21 spline axle head stomidiums, thereby centrifugal clutch combined cover 24 is fixed on the driving gear shaft 21.

As shown in Figure 6; A unilateral bearing 28 and a bracket bearing 29 are installed in the driven gear 27; Driven gear 27 is one with cover plate 30 through bolted connection, and the big backup bearing 26 at driven gear 27 two ends, little backup bearing 32 are installed in respectively on gear case 19 and the cover plate 20.

Like Fig. 5, shown in Figure 6; Switching-over counter-rotating bevel gear 46; Order is passed the bearing support ring 33 outside the gear case 19, big backup bearing 26, driven gear 27, unilateral bearing 28, bracket bearing 29, cover plate 20, support ring 31, little backup bearing 32 and is stretched out cover plate 20, and the spindle nose and the nut 34 of this switching-over counter gear axle 46 are spirally connected fixing.One-level drop-gear box 19 and switching-over counter gear case 45 are linked into an integrated entity; Bearing support ring 33 is stuck between big backup bearing 26 and the switching-over counter-rotating angular wheel shaft bearing 48; Make two switching-over counter-rotating angular wheel shaft bearings 47 of reducing gearbox 19 and switching-over counter gear case 45 both sides keep certain interval; With 46 on bevel gear of switching-over counter-rotating is the axle center; Move the control stalk base unit, the retarder of commutate counter gear case 45 and both sides can reverse under drive state each other, and switching-over counter-rotating bevel gear 46 and last rotor shaft bevel gear 43, following rotor shaft bevel gear 41 can remain engagement under the state that reverses; Speed discrepancy in the twist process utilizes the mono-directional overrun separation function of unilateral bearing 28 in-to-in wedge devices to coordinate.Like this, can be so that between switching-over counter gear case and two retarders, being 46 on the bevel gears of switching-over counter-rotating that coaxial inner conductor arranges with two is axle center (the B-B line among Fig. 4, Fig. 5), realizes the anteversion and retroversion rotating function.Unilateral bearing 28 can be coordinated the speed discrepancy of two retarders, and when shutting down because of driving engine 35 fault generating in the state of flight, this unilateral bearing 28 can instantaneous trip be connected with the power of sick engine 35.

Like Fig. 7, shown in Figure 8, between the switching-over counter gear case 45 of bearing seat 36 and its below by bolted connection.Switching-over counter gear case 45 left and right sides are equipped with bearing seat 47, and switching-over counter-rotating bevel gear 46 is installed in this bearing seat 47.Last rotor shaft 42 connects as one through pin bolt 44 with bevel gear 43.Bearing 49 is installed on the bevel gear 43 axle sleeve outer walls, and bearing 49 overcoats are installed in (see figure 5) on the switching-over counter gear case 45 bottom bearing positions.Following rotor shaft 40 tops are threaded, and are used to install supporting bearing base 50, and bearing 51 is installed in the bearing seat 50, and Spring Card 52 is stuck in bearing 50 in the bearing seat 50.After last rotor shaft 42 upwards passed down the bearing 51 in rotor shaft 40 and the bearing seat 50, last rotor shaft 42 tops were connected with propeller hub 101 (seeing Fig. 2, Fig. 5).Displacement push rod 53 is installed in the rotor shaft 42, and displacement push rod 53 screw top bar heads stretch out rotor shaft 42, are spirally connected with displacement ram seat 54.Bevel gear 46 front ends pass bearing 48 and insert in the switching-over counter gear casees 45 with bearing seat 47, with last rotor shaft bevel gear 43, rotor shaft bevel gear 41 engagement (see figure 5)s down.The number of teeth official post of switching-over counter-rotating bevel gear and the upper and lower rotor shaft bevel gear counter-rotating bevel gear oppositely directed each other rotation of generation when driving upper and lower rotor shaft bevel gear that must commutate has had the function of two-stage reduction gear simultaneously concurrently.

As shown in Figure 9; Switching-over counter gear case 45 front portions are provided with the mounting hole of control stalk pedestal 57; Control stalk pedestal 57 left sides; Respectively be provided with the knock hole of two concentrics up and down, be used for installing rotary wing changing, and ensure that rotary wing changing does not slide up and down and can squint apart from pawl connecting rod 62 under the displacement state in knock hole apart from pawl connecting rod 62 (see figure 4)s.

Figure 10 to Figure 17 provided with the control mechanism of actuating unit bonded assembly rotary wing changing spacing mechanism, rotary wing changing spacing mechanism, with the structure of the upper and lower rotor assemblies of rotary wing changing spacing mechanism bonded assembly and annexation each other.Wherein, Figure 10 has provided the structure of control mechanism; Figure 11, Figure 13, Figure 15 have provided the annexation between control mechanism and the rotary wing changing spacing mechanism.

Shown in figure 10; Control stalk pedestal 57 is the L shape, and the front portion is provided with sleeve pipe, is used for installation and control bar 65; Control stalk pedestal 57 bottoms are shaft-like; Insert the interior (see figure 9) of mounting hole of switching-over counter gear case 45 front portions downwards, control stalk pedestal 57 tops are provided with horizontal axis hole, are used for through axle 60 fixing rotor L type displacement pawls 58 down, go up rotor L type displacement pawl 59.

Shown in figure 10; Handle chassis 66 upper rounded sleeve pipes install and fix control stalk 65, and this circular casing bottom is the base of four stupefied shapes, and the bottom of these four stupefied shape bases has a horizontal thread hole; Be used for fixing Handle axis 67; Handle axis 67 intermediate thread sections are processed with the plane groove of location usefulness, and dowel bolt 72 is screwed into handle chassis 66, and are spacing to Handle axis 67 mid-plane grooves chucking.The polished rod of Handle axis 67 partly connects the moving throttle shift fork 70 of duplex.Have two screws that make progress on the step of handle chassis 66; Be used for installing hollow throttle adjustment bolt 73; Throttle adjustment bolt 73 is provided with hollow step, is used for the restriction and the fixing sleeve pipe of acceleration cable 74 (seeing Figure 11), thus the elasticity of up-down adjustment acceleration cable 74.Four prismatic sections of Handle axis 67 are used to install left hand handle 68, right hand handle 69 and adopt nut 71 fixing.The wisp of left and right handle; Be used for controlling with left and right handle bonded assembly under the L shaped displacement pawl of rotor 58, the displacement backguy 64 of going up the L shaped displacement pawl 59 of rotor; The moving throttle shift fork 70 top shift fork arms of the duplex of V-arrangement are used for connecting acceleration cable 74; The side-lower shift fork arm of the moving throttle shift fork 70 of duplex is positioned at left hand handle 68, right hand handle 69 inboards; The front lower place of both hands thumb is convenient to the both hands thumb and is used for simultaneously or presses down separately stirring the moving throttle shift fork 70 control throttles of duplex when being in driver's both hands and holding left and right handle, and the driving engine 35 and upper and lower rotor 96,98 rotating speeds of control both sides are realized.

Like Figure 10, shown in Figure 11, control stalk 65 upper ends in the block form handle control mechanism are installed in 57 li of control stalk pedestals, and control stalk 65 forwards extends and downwarping, and the lower end is installed in 66 li of handle chassis.Following rotor L type displacement pawl 58 and last rotor L type displacement pawl 59 are installed in the both sides at control stalk pedestal 57 tops respectively through displacement pawl axle 60.Two displacement backguys 64 (seeing Figure 11) on left hand handle 68 and right hand handle 69 wisps; Bolt 77 and displacement backguy setting nut 78 are regulated in the displacement backguy of passing respectively on the control stalk pedestal 57 both sides displacement pawl pull back spring baffle plates; And after passing the displacement pawl pull back spring 75 and displacement latch spring positioning joint 76 of control stalk pedestal 57 both sides; Be connected with last rotor L type displacement pawl 59 downward displacement pawls with following rotor L type displacement pawl 58 respectively, following rotor L type displacement pawl 58 is connected with the pawl that is connected in the place ahead, following rotor displacement ring 79 right side towards the displacement pawl of rear end.

Like Figure 10, shown in Figure 11, following rotor displacement ring 79 in the form of a ring, the front and back end all is provided with the connection pawl, the rear end connect pawl be used for following rotor bearing seat 36 rear portion upper outer be connected pawl 360 connections.Move the wisp on the right hand handle 69; Two displacement pawls by terminal displacement latch spring positioning joint 76 of pulling displacement backguy 64 and the following rotor L type displacement pawl 58 that connects thereof; Two displacement pawls of following rotor L type displacement pawl 58 are the center movement in a curve with displacement pawl axle 60; Displacement pawl towards the below pushes displacement pawl return spring 75 backward; It is that the center is done the displacement action downwards along camber line with its rear end connection pawl connecting bolt that displacement pawl towards the rear presses down the following rotor displacement ring 79 that moves downward with camber line equally

Like Figure 10, shown in Figure 11, last rotor L type displacement pawl 59 is connected with the linkage connector 61 of connecting rod 62 upper ends towards the displacement pawl of rear end, and passes through the connection rod sphere 63 of connecting rod 62 lower ends, is connected with the pawl that is connected of last rotary wing changing apart from ring 87 front sides.Last rotary wing changing apart from ring 87 in the form of a ring, its rear end also is provided with the connection pawl, last rotary wing changing connects pawl and passes through fixedly (see figure 9) of bolted connection with the pawl 450 that is connected outside the back, switching-over counter gear case 45 bottoms apart from ring 87 rear ends.Move the wisp on the left hand handle 68; Two displacement pawls through the L shaped displacement pawl 59 of rotor on terminal displacement latch spring positioning joint 76 of pulling displacement backguy 64 and the bonded assembly thereof; The L shaped displacement pawl 59 of last rotor is the center movement in a curve with displacement pawl axle 60; The displacement pawl of displacement pawl 59 towards the below pushes displacement pawl pull back spring 75 backward; Displacement pawl 59 presses down linkage connector 61 and connecting rod 62 towards the displacement pawl at rear with movement in a curve makes it along the anterior knock hole of switching-over counter gear case 45 straight-line motion up and down; Rotary wing changing is apart from ring 87 on drivening rod bulb 63 and the bonded assembly thereof, does displacement move (seeing Fig. 4, Fig. 9) so that to connect the pawl tie bolt be the center in its rear end downwards along camber line.

Like Figure 10, shown in Figure 11, the control stalk pedestal 57 in the block form handle control mechanism is the L shape, and it is shaft-like that an end is down; Insert the mounting hole internal fixation (see figure 9) of switching-over counter gear casing 45 front portions, control stalk pedestal 57 end forward is provided with sleeve pipe, is used for connecting control stalk 65; Top, control stalk pedestal 57 rear portion is provided with horizontal axis hole; Be used for installing displacement pawl axle 60, will descend rotor L type displacement pawl 58, last rotor L type displacement pawl 59 to be fixed on control stalk pedestal 57 both sides, control stalk pedestal 57 both sides are provided with baffle plate; This baffle plate is used for supporting restriction displacement pawl pull back spring 75; Hollow displacement backguy is regulated bolt 77 and is spirally connected with baffle plate, and the displacement backguy is regulated outside, bolt 77 rear portions and is step-like, and is consistent with displacement pawl pull back spring 75 internal diameters; Be used for displacement pawl pull back spring 75 centers spacing; Regulate bolt 77 and pass baffle plate and be connected with setting nut 78, setting nut 78 inside are step-like hollow, are limiting and fixedly in the displacement backguy 64 sleeve pipe front ends; The elasticity of displacement backguy 64 is regulated in front and back; Displacement backguy 64 cores of both sides then pass regulates bolt 77 rear portion displacement pawl pull back springs 75, is connected on displacement latch spring positioning joint 76 front ends of both sides, and displacement pawl pull back spring 75 rear ends of both sides are socketed on the displacement spring pawl positioning joint 76 front end steps; Displacement spring pawl positioning joint 76 rear ends of both sides connect pawl and are connected with following rotor L type displacement pawl 58, the last displacement pawl of rotor L type displacement pawl 59 towards the below respectively through bolt; The displacement pawl pull back spring 75 of both sides is limited in the L shaped displacement pawl of displacement pawl pull back spring 75 baffle plates and the following rotor of both sides 58, goes up between the L shaped displacement pawl 59 of rotor, following rotor L type displacement pawl 58 backward horizontal direction connection pawl and following rotor displacement ring 79 front sides be connected pawl connection, the enough compressive forces of maintenance under displacement pawl pull back spring 75 normalities of both sides; When making rotor 96, following rotor 98 in working order, support and keep presetting the angle of attack of 10 degree.

Shown in figure 12, following rotor displacement ring 79 in the form of a ring, the front and back end is provided with the connection pawl, what the rear end connected pawl and following rotor bearing seat 36 is connected pawl 360 connection (see figure 9)s.Following rotor displacement ring 79 front ends connect pawl and are connected (seeing Figure 11) through bolt with following rotor L type displacement pawl 58.The top and the side of following rotor displacement ring 79 left and right sides boss are respectively equipped with bolt hole; And the bolt hole of top and side communicates; The bolt hole of side is used to install down rotor displacement ring shifting fork bar bolt 80, and bolt 80 front ends are the polished rod shape slightly carefully, and the rear end is threaded and limited impression arranged.Bolt 80 is installed on the displacement ring 79 from the side; The side bolt holes of bolt end screw thread after 80s and displacement ring 79 is spirally connected; Caging bolt 81 is connected with the top tapped bore of displacement ring 79 and the limited impression of push bolt 80 is realized the location; Bolt 80 front end polished rods partly insert down in the long trough hole of rotor displacement ring overcoat 82 both sides engaging lugs, press down down rotor displacement ring overcoat 82 when carrying out displacement, and promptly bolt 80 front end polished rods partly are camber line and move when pressing down; Because the hole on the rotor displacement ring overcoat 82 both sides engaging lugs is long trough down, for himself provides the gap because of the skew that takes place to produce when displacement moves up and down.

Shown in figure 12, cover 85 internal diameters are identical with following rotor shaft 40 external diameters in the following rotor displacement ring, are installed in down on the rotor shaft 40 with the sliding block joint mode, can slide up and down along following rotor shaft.Cover 85 upper ends are processed with the following rotor displacement cross bar of horizontal stretching in the following rotor displacement ring; Two terminations of following rotor displacement cross bar respectively have a longitudinal screw hole; Be used to connect rotor displacement ball-head tension rod 99 (seeing Figure 13) down, cover 85 is fit into the interior cover of bearing 84 in the following rotor displacement ring, and following rotor displacement cross bar lower step is stuck in cover top in the bearing 84; Cover 85 lower ends pass the interior cover of bearing 84 in the following rotor displacement ring, and are spacing by Spring Card 86 chuckings.Following rotor displacement collar bearing 84 overcoats are installed in down in the rotor displacement ring overcoat 82 from top to bottom; Following rotor displacement collar bearing 84 overcoat bottoms are by spacing by the interior step of following rotor displacement ring overcoat 82 bottoms, and the top of following rotor displacement collar bearing 84 overcoats is by rotor displacement ring outer casing spring card 83 is spacing down.

Shown in figure 13, move the wisp on the right hand handle 69, two displacement pawls 58 that pulling displacement backguy 64 is terminal, displacement pawl 58 are that movement in a curve is done at the center with the adapter shaft, in extruding pull back spring 75, press down displacement ring 79 and make it do the action of camber line displacement.Hole on the following rotor displacement ring overcoat 82 both sides engaging lugs is long trough (seeing Figure 12), for himself provides the gap because of the skew that takes place to produce when displacement moves up and down.Cover 85 is enclosed within down on the rotor shaft 40 with the sliding block joint mode in the following rotor displacement ring, can slide up and down (seeing Fig. 5, Fig. 9) along rotor shaft 40 down, and overlapping the end machining of stretching out to both sides 85 upper ends in the following rotor displacement ring has tapped bore, is used for connecting ball-head tension rod 99.When displacement ring overcoat 82 to lower slider, drive cover 85 and ball-head tension rod 99 thereof in the displacement ring, thereby press down the blade folder 100 of rotor 98 under the ball-head tension rod 99 upper end bonded assemblys, adjust and reduce the pitch of rotor 98 down.When the wisp that unclamps right hand handle 69; Compressed pull back spring 75 will promote displacement pawl 58 and do movement in a curve; Upwards lift cover 85 in displacement ring 79 and displacement ring overcoat 82, the displacement ring; Upwards drive ball-head tension rod 99, lift down the blade folder 100 of rotor 98, recover the rotor 98 original pitch angles of attack down.

Shown in figure 14; Cover 93 is fit into displacement collar bearing 92 downwards in the displacement ring; The limited step of cover 93 upper ends blocks set upper side in the displacement collar bearing 92 in the displacement ring; The part that cover in the displacement collar bearing 92 is stretched out in cover 93 lower ends in the displacement ring, spacing by Spring Card 95, displacement collar bearing 92 overcoats are fit into rotary wing changing downwards apart from ring overcoat 90; Last rotary wing changing is blocked by last rotary wing changing steps in the ring overcoat 90 apart from collar bearing 92 bottoms, last rotary wing changing apart from collar bearing 92 upper ends by last rotary wing changing apart from ring outer casing spring card 91 spacing at last rotary wing changing apart from encircling in the overcoat 90.

Shown in figure 14; Displacement ring 87 in the form of a ring; Top and the side of displacement ring 87 left and right sides boss is respectively equipped with bolt hole, and the bolt hole with the side above the boss communicates, and side bolt holes is used to install shifting fork bar bolt 88; Shifting fork bar bolt 88 screw thread positions are processed with limited impression, and caging bolt 89 is screwed into tapped bore above the boss and pushes down the limited impression of shifting fork bar bolt 88 and make its location.Shifting fork bar bolt 88 front end polished rods partly insert rotary wing changing in the long slot bore of ring overcoat 90 both sides engaging lugs, and the long trough hole on the overcoat 90 both sides engaging lugs provides the gap for himself because of the skew that takes place to produce when displacement moves up and down.Last rotary wing changing is identical with the external diameter of last rotor shaft 42 apart from the internal diameter of the interior cover 93 of ring; Its upper end is provided with the limited step of rotary wing changing apart from collar bearing; Interior cover both sides, 93 stage casing have pinhole, and the length of pin axle 94 is identical apart from the interior cover of ring 93 diameters with last rotary wing changing, and pin axle 94 penetrates the interior cover 93 of displacement ring; And pass rotor shaft 42 and its in-to-in displacement push rod 53 is installed; Cover 93 in the displacement ring is installed in rotor shaft 42 bottom (see figure 5)s, and the long trough hole of last rotor shaft 42 makes the interior cover 93 of displacement ring to slide up and down along axle within the specific limits, so that adapt with last rotor 96 displacement strokes.

Shown in figure 14, cover 93 is fit into bearing 92 downwards in the displacement ring, and the step of cover 93 upper ends blocks cover in the bearing 92 in the displacement ring; Cover is spacing with interior cover pin axle 94 in the bearing 92, and cover and spacing by Spring Card 95 in the bearing 92 is stretched out in cover 93 lower ends in the displacement ring, and bearing 92 overcoats are fit into displacement ring overcoat 90 downwards; Bearing 92 jacket bottom are spacing by the step of displacement ring overcoat 90, and bearing 92 upper ends are spacing in displacement ring overcoat 90 by Spring Card 91, and displacement push rod 53 tops are connected with ram seat 54 bottom thread; Ram seat 54 tops are the cylinder table scalariform; The bottom is installed in the rotor shaft 42, and step part is provided with tapped bore, is horizontally installed with displacement cross bar 55; Displacement cross bar 55 intermediate thread partly have a limited impression; After being installed into ram seat 54, caging bolt 56 terminations stick into displacement cross bar 55 thread segment limited impressions realize spacing, displacement cross bar 55 two ends be threaded with displacement ball-head tension rod 97 (seeing Figure 15).

Like Figure 10, Figure 14, shown in Figure 15; Move the wisp on the left hand handle 68; Joint 76 and two displacement pawls 59 of bonded assembly thereof of pulling displacement backguy 64 ends; The L shaped displacement pawl 59 of last rotor is the center movement in a curve with displacement pawl axle 60; In extruding displacement pawl pull back spring 75, the L shaped displacement pawl 59 of last rotor presses down linkage connector 61 and connecting rod 62 along the anterior knock hole of switching-over counter gear case 45 straight-line motion up and down towards the displacement pawl at rear with circular swing motion to the L shaped displacement pawl 59 of last rotor towards the displacement pawl of below, drives on connection rod sphere 63 and the bonded assembly thereof of lower end rotary wing changing apart from encircling 87; With its rear end tie bolt is the center, does the displacement motion downwards with camber line.The shifting fork bar bolt 88 that last rotary wing changing is connected apart from ring overcoat 90 through both sides and last rotary wing changing apart from ring 87; Rotary wing changing is apart from encircling interior cover 93 and going up rotary wing changing apart from 90 downslides of ring overcoat in the drive; The pin axle 94 that interior cover is 93 li is stirred the displacement push rod 53 in the rotor shaft 42 synchronously; The long trough hole of leaving on the rotor shaft 42 on the edge glides; Push rod 53 be connected the displacement cross bar 55 of rotary wing changing on ram seat 54 tops; The displacement ball-head tension rod that drives both sides synchronously presses the blade folder 100 of rotor 96 for 97 times; Adjustment and reduce to go up rotor 96 pitches; When the wisp that unclamps on the left hand handle 68, compressed pull back spring 75 will promote 59 two displacement pawls of the L shaped displacement pawl of rotor, through lifting on connection rod sphere 63 and the bonded assembly thereof rotary wing changing apart from ring 87; Above rotary wing changing connects the pawl tie bolt, and to be the center be pulled upwardly rotary wing changing apart from ring 87 and drive and go up rotary wing changing and move apart from interior the overlapping on the pin axle 94 of ring apart from the last rotary wing changings in ring overcoat 90 and the interior cover 93 with camber line apart from ring 87 rear ends; Last rotary wing changing moving past on the cover pin axle 94 in the ring and upwards promoting to go up rotary wing changing in the journey the last rotary wing changing of rotary wing changing on the ram seat 54 is apart from cross bar 55 on the push rod 53 top bonded assemblys, and the last rotary wing changing that drives both sides synchronously lifts with last rotary wing changing blade of rotor 96 on the ball-head tension rod 97 lower end bonded assemblys apart from ball-head tension rod 97 and presss from both sides 100, the rotor 96 original pitch angles of attack in the recovery.

Shown in figure 16, propeller hub 101 is criss-cross, and propeller hub 101 center longitudinal holes are used for cover and load onto rotor shaft 42 and following rotor shaft 40.As shown in Figure 2, following rotor shaft 40 tops are equipped with four prismatic propeller hubs 101, and these propeller hub 101 sides are provided with 6 screw holes, are used for tie bolt 103.These 6 screw holes are round outside but spuare inside pin joint hole, are provided with step cutting pattern section and four prismatic pin joint hole sections in the pin joint hole, and four prismatic pin joint hole sections and propeller hub 101 longitudinal holes intersect.Six bolts 103 are fixed on propeller hub 101 on rotor shaft 42 and the following rotor shaft 40 with the key pin form.The front end of bolt 103 is pressed on the predetermined groove (see figure 7) of rotor shaft 42 and following rotor shaft 40 and realizes accurately locating.

Shown in figure 16, propeller hub 101 longitudinal hole both sides are provided with two horizontal sleeve pipes, and this sleeve pipe is used for fixing rotor 96 (seeing Figure 15) or following rotor 98 (seeing Figure 13) on blade folder axle 107 and blade folder axle 107 bonded assemblys.Propeller hub 101 both sides inside pipe casings are provided with concave ball shape groove and screw thread; Concave ball shape axle sleeve 109 inside are provided with the concave ball shape groove; Its center is provided with through hole and outer wall is provided with screw thread, and this outer wall thread middle part is provided with groove, and bolt 102 is pressing this outer wall thread groove to make axle sleeve 109 location.Axle sleeve 109 is spirally connected with the sleeve pipe of propeller hub 101 both sides, and protruding spherical axle sleeve 108 outsides are semi-convex spherical, and its external diameter is identical with axle sleeve 109 in-to-in concave ball shape groove internal diameters, so both assemble rotary spherical faying face of formation.Axle sleeve 108 inside are provided with hole that bearing 105 is installed and the through hole that blade folder axle 107 is installed; Blade folder axle 107 two ends tips all are processed with screw thread, and one of them screw thread position is provided with vertical hole, and axle 107 stage casings are provided with limited step; Bearing 105 is positioned at the limited step left side, is compressed by nut 106.Spring cotter 104 passes nut 106 and axle 107 vertical holes, and nut 106 is spacing.It is spacing by step that bearing 105 is installed on axle sleeve 109, and axle 107 passes the central through hole of the concave spherical surface of bearing 105, axle sleeve 108 and axle sleeve 109, the propeller hub 101 both sides sleeve pipes of packing into.One end of axle sleeve 111 is provided with the isolation step, after blade folder axle 107 stretches out axle sleeve 109, passes axle sleeve 111 and is enclosed within the damping gum cover 110 on axle sleeve 111 outer walls, presss from both sides 100 internal thread holes with blade and is connected.Damping gum cover 110 is installed in the propeller hub 101 both sides sleeve pipes; Damping gum cover 110 external diameters are identical with propeller hub 101 both sides casing inner diameters; Its internal diameter is identical with axle sleeve 111 external diameters, and damping gum cover 110 is used for cushioning and limit blade folder axle 107 waving up and down in working order the time.The isolation step of axle sleeve 111 front ends separates damping gum cover 110 and blade folder 100.

Shown in figure 16; Blade folder axle 107 terminal screwed spindle nose ends are processed with spacing concave surface, and blade folder 100 is used for connecting fixedly rotor, and the front portion is provided with horizontal and vertical screw hole; The rear portion is the clamping plate seat; Be used to connect rotor ball-head tension rod 97 (seeing Figure 15), following rotor ball-head tension rod 99 (seeing Figure 13), axle 107 is spirally connected with blade folder 100, and bolt 112 is compressed into axle 107 screw thread concave surfaces realization location.

Shown in figure 17; Bearing 105 is installed on the blade folder axle 107; Nut 106 is threaded with blade folder 107 a rear end tip, and opening pin 104 passes a nut 106 and blade folder 107 follower head, and realization before overlapping the step that is fixed on blade folder axle 107 in the bearing 105 is spacing; It is spacing that bearing 105 overcoats are installed into the preceding realization of propeller hub concave ball shape axle sleeve 109 interior steps, the axle sleeve 109 that blade folder axle 107 passes bearing 105, axle sleeve 108 and combines with axle sleeve 108 protruding sphericals.

Shown in figure 17, concave ball shape axle sleeve 109 is connected with propeller hub 101 both sides casing threads, and bolt 102 is installed into propeller hub 101 both sides sleeve pipes, compresses axle sleeve 109 and realizes spacing.The ball recess of propeller hub 101 both sides sleeve pipes is withstood at nut 106 tops; The ball recess in the propeller hub 101 both sides sleeve pipes and the concave spherical surface of axle sleeve 109; Protruding sphere with nut 106 tops and axle sleeve 108 combines respectively, makes blade folder axle 107 in propeller hub 101 both sides sleeve pipes, to carry out activity up and down nimbly and freely.After blade folder axle 107 stretches out blade folder concave ball shape axle sleeve 109, the damping gum cover 110 that passes axle sleeve 111 and be enclosed within axle sleeve 111 outer walls.Axle sleeve 111 has guaranteed that blade folder axle 107 and blade folder 100 are not pressing from both sides under axle damping gum cover 110 state of contact with blade; Blade folder axle 107 can lift to rotate freely in the blade folder 100 connection pawl processes at upper and lower rotor ball-head tension rod 97,99 realizes the displacement action, and a blade folder damping gum cover 110 can cushion and limit blade folder axle 107 waving up and down in the time of the rotor mode of operation.

Claims (1)

1. the single deceleration tilting type of microlight-type coaxal helicopter; Comprise fuselage, with the column bonded assembly bracket system of fuselage, be fixed on actuating unit on the bracket system, with the control mechanism of actuating unit bonded assembly rotary wing changing spacing mechanism, rotary wing changing spacing mechanism, with the upper and lower rotor assemblies of rotary wing changing spacing mechanism bonded assembly; It is characterized in that

1) this fuselage comprise mounting, with mounting center bonded assembly column, by downward-sloping three strut bars that stretch in mounting center, be installed on the anterior operator's saddle of mounting, be installed on the column top after vert support, preceding vert support through connecting arm with after the support that verts connect as one;

2) support and support upper end axis hole concentric; The axis hole that connects carriage and carriage top through bolt, axle sleeve, nut; The support of fuselage and carriage connect as one make carriage can about vert, about two caging bolts that vert are installed in both sides, support upper end axis hole below;

3) between carriage and carriage, be mounted with actuating unit; Be located at connecting arm directly over; Said actuating unit comprises first class reducer structure, driving engine 35 and switching-over counter gear case 45, is fixed on the first class reducer structure that the driving engine of switching-over counter gear case both sides is self-contained to have centrifugal clutch to get rid of piece, when behind engine starting, reaching certain rotating speed; Combining of the centrifugal clutch combined cover of beginning spreading and first class reducer structure under centrifugal action; To driving gear shaft and the driven gear that is meshed with it, driven gear drives switching-over counter-rotating bevel gear with transmission of power, and switching-over counter-rotating bevel gear is respectively with following rotor shaft bevel gear, upward the rotor shaft bevel gear is meshed; Make down the rotor shaft bevel gear, go up rotor shaft bevel gear generation contrarotation; Thereby with following rotor shaft and the last rotor shaft of transmission of power, drive at last and go up rotor, rotor contrarotation down, realize rising or landing to contrarotation each other;

4) the rotary wing changing spacing mechanism comprises rotor displacement ring under the ring-type; Its front and back end all is provided with the connection pawl; The rear end connects pawl and connects with the pawl that is connected of following rotor bearing seat, moves the wisp on the right hand handle, through the joint of pulling displacement backguy end and two displacement pawls of bonded assembly displacement pawl thereof; These two displacement pawls are that movement in a curve is done at the center with displacement pawl axle, the extruding pull back spring; The displacement ring is that the center is done the displacement action downwards along camber line with its rear end tie bolt; Rotary wing changing is respectively equipped with bolt hole with the side on the ring-type above the boss of the ring left and right sides; Bolt hole with the side above the boss communicates, and side bolt holes is used to install the shifting fork bar bolt, and shifting fork bar bolt thread position is processed with limited impression; Caging bolt is screwed into tapped bore above the boss and pushes down the limited impression of shifting fork bar bolt and make its location; Shifting fork bar bolt front end polished rod partly inserts rotary wing changing in the long slot bore of ring overcoat both sides engaging lug, and the long trough hole on the engaging lug of overcoat both sides provides the gap for himself because of the skew that takes place to produce when displacement moves up and down, and last rotary wing changing is identical with the external diameter of last rotor shaft apart from the internal diameter of the interior cover of ring; Its upper end is provided with the limited step of rotary wing changing apart from collar bearing; Interior cover both sides, stage casing have pinhole, and the length of pin axle is identical apart from the interior cover of ring diameter with last rotary wing changing, and the pin axle penetrates the interior cover of displacement ring; And pass rotor shaft and its in-to-in displacement push rod is installed; Cover in the displacement ring is installed in the rotor shaft bottom, and the long trough hole of last rotor shaft makes the interior cover of displacement ring to slide up and down along axle within the specific limits, so that adapt apart from stroke with last rotary wing changing;

5) control mechanism of rotary wing changing spacing mechanism is a block form handle control mechanism; Comprise the control stalk pedestal; Its stem portion is inserted in the anterior mounting hole of switching-over counter gear case; Its preceding parts casing pipe is equipped with control stalk, and the top is provided with horizontal axis hole, fixes following rotor L type displacement pawl, goes up rotor L type displacement pawl through axle; Be fixed with Handle axis on the handle chassis, Handle axis connects the moving throttle shift fork of duplex; The wisp of left handle, right handles, the displacement backguy of control displacement pawl, displacement pawl; The shift fork arm of the moving throttle shift fork of the duplex of V-arrangement top connects acceleration cable; The side-lower shift fork arm of the moving throttle shift fork of duplex is positioned at the left hand handle, right hand handle is inboard; The front lower place of both hands thumb when being in driver's both hands and holding left and right handle; The both hands thumb simultaneously or press down separately and stir the moving throttle fork controls throttle of duplex can be controlled the driving engine of both sides and the rotating speed of upper and lower rotor and realize; The throttle adjustment bolt is installed on the handle chassis, and the throttle adjustment bolt is provided with hollow step, can limit and the fixing sleeve pipe of acceleration cable, thus the elasticity of up-down adjustment acceleration cable;

6) propeller hub is criss-cross, and propeller hub center longitudinal hole is used for overlapping loads onto rotor shaft and following rotor shaft, and following rotor shaft top is equipped with four prismatic propeller hubs, and this propeller hub side is provided with 6 screw holes; Be used for tie bolt, these 6 screw holes are round outside but spuare inside pin joint hole, are provided with step cutting pattern section and four prismatic pin joint hole sections in the pin joint hole; Four prismatic pin joint hole sections and propeller hub longitudinal hole intersect, and six bolts are fixed on propeller hub on rotor shaft and the following rotor shaft with the key pin form, and the front end of bolt is pressed in that realization is accurate on the predetermined groove of rotor shaft and following rotor shaft locatees; Propeller hub longitudinal hole both sides are provided with two horizontal sleeve pipes, and this sleeve pipe is used for fixing rotor or following rotor on blade folder axle and the blade folder axle bonded assembly, and propeller hub both sides inside pipe casing is provided with concave ball shape groove and screw thread; Concave ball shape axle sleeve inside is provided with the concave ball shape groove, and its center is provided with through hole and outer wall is provided with screw thread, and this outer wall thread middle part is provided with groove; Bolt is pressing this outer wall thread groove to make the axle sleeve location, and the sleeve pipe of axle sleeve and propeller hub both sides is spirally connected, and protruding spherical axle sleeve outside is semi-convex spherical; Its external diameter is identical with axle sleeve in-to-in concave ball shape groove internal diameter, so both assemble and constitute a rotary spherical faying face, and axle sleeve 108 inside are provided with hole that bearing 105 is installed and the through hole that blade folder axle is installed; Blade folder axle two ends tip all is processed with screw thread, and one of them screw thread position is provided with vertical hole, and the axle stage casing is provided with limited step; Bearing is positioned at the limited step left side, is compressed by nut, and spring cotter passes nut and the vertical hole of axle; Nut is spacing, and bearing installation is spacing by step in axle sleeve, and axle passes the central through hole of the concave spherical surface of bearing, axle sleeve and axle sleeve; The propeller hub both sides sleeve pipe of packing into, an end of axle sleeve is provided with the isolation step, after blade folder shaft extension goes out axle sleeve; Pass axle sleeve and be enclosed within the damping gum cover on the axle sleeve outer wall, be connected with blade folder internal thread hole, the damping gum cover is installed in the sleeve pipe of propeller hub both sides; Damping gum cover external diameter is identical with propeller hub both sides casing inner diameter, and its internal diameter is identical with the axle sleeve external diameter, and the damping gum cover is used for cushioning and limit blade folder axle waving up and down in working order the time; The isolation step of axle sleeve front end separates damping gum cover and blade folder

7) the screwed spindle nose end of blade folder shaft end is processed with spacing concave surface, and the blade folder is used for connecting fixedly rotor, and the front portion is provided with horizontal and vertical screw hole; The rear portion is the clamping plate seat, is used to connect rotor ball-head tension rod, following rotor ball-head tension rod, and axle is spirally connected with the blade folder; Bolt is compressed into the male thread concave surface and is realized the location, and bearing installation is on blade folder axle, and nut is threaded with blade folder shaft rear end tip; The opening pin passes nut and blade folder shaft rear end head; Bearing inner sleeve is fixed on realize before the step of blade folder axle spacing, bearing outside be installed into realize before the step in the propeller hub concave ball shape axle sleeve spacing, the axle sleeve that blade folder axle passes bearing, axle sleeve and combines with the protruding spherical of axle sleeve; The concave ball shape axle sleeve is connected with propeller hub both sides casing threads; Bolt is installed into propeller hub both sides sleeve pipe, and it is spacing to compress the axle sleeve realization, and nut top is withstood the ball recess of propeller hub both sides sleeve pipe; The ball recess in the sleeve pipe of propeller hub both sides and the concave spherical surface of axle sleeve; Combine with the protruding sphere of nut top and axle sleeve respectively, make blade folder axle in the sleeve pipe of propeller hub both sides, to carry out activity up and down nimbly and freely, after blade folder shaft extension goes out blade folder concave ball shape axle sleeve; The damping gum cover that passes axle sleeve and be enclosed within the axle sleeve outer wall; Axle sleeve guaranteed blade folder axle and blade be not clipped in blade folder axle damping gum cover state of contact under, blade folder axle can be at upper and lower rotor ball-head tension rod, lift the blade folder connects to rotate freely in the pawl process and realizes the displacement action, and a blade folder axle damping gum cover can cushion and limit blade folder waving up and down in the time of the rotor mode of operation.

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