CN102802985B - 可更换电池和车辆之间的联接器 - Google Patents

可更换电池和车辆之间的联接器 Download PDF

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CN102802985B
CN102802985B CN201180014686.4A CN201180014686A CN102802985B CN 102802985 B CN102802985 B CN 102802985B CN 201180014686 A CN201180014686 A CN 201180014686A CN 102802985 B CN102802985 B CN 102802985B
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coupling part
battery
vehicle
side coupling
coupling
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CN102802985A (zh
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G.克拉科勒
M.罗德勒
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Magna Steyr Automotive Technologies
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Steyr Daimler Puch Fahrzeugtechnik AG and Co KG
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/80Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/46Bases; Cases
    • H01R13/516Means for holding or embracing insulating body, e.g. casing, hoods
    • H01R13/518Means for holding or embracing insulating body, e.g. casing, hoods for holding or embracing several coupling parts, e.g. frames
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/62Means for facilitating engagement or disengagement of coupling parts or for holding them in engagement
    • H01R13/629Additional means for facilitating engagement or disengagement of coupling parts, e.g. aligning or guiding means, levers, gas pressure electrical locking indicators, manufacturing tolerances
    • H01R13/631Additional means for facilitating engagement or disengagement of coupling parts, e.g. aligning or guiding means, levers, gas pressure electrical locking indicators, manufacturing tolerances for engagement only
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B60K2001/0405Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion characterised by their position
    • B60K2001/0438Arrangement under the floor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B60K2001/0455Removal or replacement of the energy storages
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B60K2001/0455Removal or replacement of the energy storages
    • B60K2001/0472Removal or replacement of the energy storages from below
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/005Electrical coupling combined with fluidic coupling
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R2201/00Connectors or connections adapted for particular applications
    • H01R2201/26Connectors or connections adapted for particular applications for vehicles
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12Electric charging stations

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种在可更换电池(2)和车辆(3)之间的联接器(1),用于在电池(2)和车载车辆电气系统之间产生电接触,其中联接器(1)包括至少一个车辆侧(4)和至少一个电池侧联接部分(5),每个都具有至少一个电接触点(7a、7b、8a、8b),其中在电池(2)机械固定到车辆(3)之前所述点彼此分开,在电池已机械固定后联接部分(4、5)的接触点(7a、7b、8a、8b)能够彼此接触。

Description

可更换电池和车辆之间的联接器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种在可更换电池和车辆之间的联接器,以便在电池和车载电气系统之间产生电接触,其中联接器包括至少一个车辆侧联接部分和至少一个电池侧联接部分,每个联接部分均具有至少一个电接触部位。
另外,本发明涉及一种具有电驱动器的车辆。
背景技术
从美国专利5622602A了解到用于更换具有电驱动器的车辆的电池的方法和装置。这样做时,车辆包括与电池的接口。根据已知文献的技术教导,在电池安装在车辆中之前将电池电连接到车载电气系统。结果,这具有安装电池要难得多的缺点,其中还存在损坏电接触的风险。
因此,本发明的目的在于简化具有电驱动器的车辆的电池的安装和/或更换。
发明内容
根据本发明采用在简介中提及的类型的联接器、借助于在电池机械固定到车辆之前联接部分的接触部位彼此分开并且在电池已机械固定到车辆之后所述接触部位可相互接触这一事实得以实现该目的。
在根据本发明解决方案的情况中,在安装电池之后仅执行联接所述联接器以及从而向电池提供电接触的步骤。因此,提供了下面的优点。
在安装电池期间以及紧接在安装电池之后,电池并不电连接到车载电气系统。另外,避免了任何多余的几何计量和/或由于安装过程期间公差问题对联接器造成的损坏。此外,可自由选定联接方向,并可由此自由选定联接器的位置,因为它们不再受电池安装方向的影响。
优选地,联接器是多重联接器(multi-coupling)。换句话说,经由该联接器来相互连接用于操作电池的全部连接,诸如冷却流体连接、数据传送连接等等。
根据本发明的有利变型例,联接部分的相互配属的电接触部位分别构成插入式连接。首先,本发明该实施方式的特征在于合拢触点时高水平的可靠性。
借助于车辆侧联接部分加载有在联接方向的相反方向上作用的回复力这一事实,能够可靠地防止电触点的任何无意和意外的相互接触。该回复力使得可以保证联接部分处于相互间隔设置。为了使联接部分合起来,则需要克服该回复力。
具有特别牢固且实现简单的特征的本发明改进方案规定:车辆侧联接部分包括产生回复力的至少一个复位弹簧。
这样做时,已经证明,为实现限定方向和回复力量值,特别有利的是,复位弹簧被实施作为在弹簧插端(springspigot)上引导的螺旋弹簧。
关于安装过程和操作安全性,特别有利的是,联接部分可彼此螺旋紧固以及通过将联接部分螺旋紧固到位而产生电接触。通过将联接部分螺旋紧固到位这一事实,可以减少振动及由此产生的微小运动,并从而降低对电气插入式连接的磨损。
另外,可以将至少一个开关布置在联接部分中的至少一个上,在连接电接触部位时可致动该开关。该开关布置使得可以实现用于监控联接器的不同选择。因此,该至少一个开关可连接到指示电连接状态的输出单元。除监控产生正确的电连接之外,还可以利用该开关检测联接部分彼此之间的任何无意的分离。由此,如果联接部分背离彼此移动,例如装弹簧的开关能够触发并中断或关闭监控电路,之后向驾驶员产生相应的警告。
还可以根据本发明采用简介中提及的类型的车辆、通过该车辆包括联接器并且该联接器布置在副驾驶员搁脚空间下方的区域中这一事实来实现上述目的,其中设有盖子的检修孔口(serviceorifice)布置在联接器上方,并且经由所述检修孔口可接触到联接器。
借助于至少两个、优选地至少三个圆锥形定位辅助装置(positioningaid)布置在电池上这一事实,可大大简化电池安装在车辆上的过程,其中这些定位辅助装置的接收装置设置在车辆上。本发明的该变型例使得可以简单地将电池正确定位在车辆上。
根据本发明进一步优选的具有易于操纵且安装简单的特征的变型例,电池可螺旋紧固到车辆上。
附图说明
下文中通过在附图中图示的一些非限定示例性实施方式详细说明本发明连同其他优点,在附图中示意性地:
图1示出了具有其下方布置有联接器的检修孔口的车架;
图2示出了图1的联接器的透视图;和
图3示出了图1中的联接器的另一透视图。
充分描述了附图,并且附图中相同的标号表示相同的部件。
具体实施方式
根据图1,联接器1设置在可更换的电池2和车辆3之间,以便在电池2和车载电气系统之间产生电接触。通过螺钉可将电池2紧固到车辆3。为简化安装电池的过程,电池2可包括两个、三个或更多个圆锥形的定位辅助装置,其中这些定位辅助装置的接收装置设置在车辆3上。
如在图2和图3中显而易见的,联接器1包括在各情况中具有至少一个冷却回路连接部位6、7、8、9的车辆侧联接部分4和电池侧联接部分5。在电池2机械固定到车辆3之前,联接部分4、5的冷却回路连接部位6、7、8、9彼此分开。只有在电池2已经机械固定到车辆3之后,冷却回路连接部位6、7、8、9才相互接触。因此,在电池安装到车辆期间及紧接在电池安装到车辆之后,电池2和车辆3并不电连接。通过连接联接部分4和5,仅产生动力传输、数据传送和冷却介质回路的连接,其中冷却介质回路连接部位6、7、8、9、数据传送连接6a、6b和电接触部位7a、7b、8a、8b相互连接。联接部分4、5的相互配属的电接触部位7a、7b、8a、8b分别构成插入式连接。
在图2中图示的本发明变型例中,通过螺钉10固定联接器1。这样,通过将联接部分4和5螺旋紧固到位,仅产生动力传输、数据传送和冷却介质回路的连接。
另外,有利的是,处于非联接位置的车辆侧联接部分4关于电池侧联接部分5处于间隔设置。通过使车辆侧联接部分4承受在联接方向KR的相反方向上作用的回复力RK,可以实现该间隔设置。为产生该回复力,联接部分4可包括复位弹簧11,例如绕弹簧插端12布置的螺旋弹簧。
联接器1的螺钉10的螺旋运动促使车辆侧联接部分4克服回复力RK朝电池侧联接部分5移动,并促使联接器1闭合。为更容易地使联接部分4和5合起来,一个或多个引导插端(guidespigot)13设置在联接元件4、5的一个上。引导插端13接合另一个联接部分4、5的接收装置14。
另外,开关16可布置在联接部分4、5的一个上,在连接电接触部位7a、7b、8a、8b时可致动该开关。该开关可连接到指示电连接状态的输出单元。
如根据图1更为明显的,联接器1布置在副驾驶员搁脚空间下方的区域中,其中设有盖子15的检修孔口布置在联接器1上方,并且经由所述检修孔口可接触到联接器1。
附图标号列表
联接器1
电池2
车辆3
联接部分4
联接部分5
冷却回路连接部位6
数据传送连接6a、6b
冷却回路连接部位7
电接触部位7a、7b
冷却回路连接部位8
冷却回路连接部位9
电接触部位8a、8b
螺钉10
复位弹簧11
弹簧插端12
引导插端13
接收装置14
盖子15
开关16

Claims (12)

1.一种在可更换电池(2)和车辆(3)之间的联接器(1),以便在所述电池(2)和车载电气系统之间产生电接触,其中所述联接器(1)包括至少一个车辆侧联接部分(4)和至少一个电池侧联接部分(5),每个联接部分具有至少一个电接触部位(7a、7b、8a、8b),
其特征在于,在所述电池(2)机械固定到所述车辆(3)之前彼此分离的所述车辆侧联接部分(4)和电池侧联接部分(5)的电接触部位(7a、7b、8a、8b)在所述电池已经机械固定到所述车辆之后可以相互接触,
其中,所述车辆侧联接部分(4)和电池侧联接部分(5)还包括数据传输连接(6a、6b),以及
所述车辆侧联接部分(4)和电池侧联接部分(5)可彼此被螺旋紧固,并且通过所述车辆侧联接部分(4)和电池侧联接部分(5)的螺旋紧固来产生所述电接触。
2.如权利要求1所述的联接器,其特征在于,所述车辆侧联接部分(4)和电池侧联接部分(5)的相互配属的电接触部位(7a、7b、8a、8b)分别构成插入式连接。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的联接器,其特征在于,所述车辆侧联接部分(4)承受在联接方向的相反方向上作用的回复力。
4.如权利要求3所述的联接器,其特征在于,所述车辆侧联接部分(4)包括产生所述回复力的至少一个复位弹簧(11)。
5.如权利要求4所述的联接器,其特征在于,所述复位弹簧(11)被实施作为在弹簧插端(12)上被引导的螺旋弹簧。
6.如权利要求1所述的联接器,其特征在于,至少一个开关(16)布置在所述车辆侧联接部分(4)和电池侧联接部分(5)的至少一个上,在连接所述电接触部位(7a、7b、8a、8b)时可致动所述开关。
7.如权利要求6所述的联接器,其特征在于,所述至少一个开关(16)连接输出单元,在所述输出单元处指示电连接的状态。
8.如权利要求1所述的联接器,其特征在于,至少一个引导插端(13)设置在所述车辆侧联接部分(4)和电池侧联接部分(5)的至少一个上,所述至少一个引导插端(13)与另一个所述车辆侧联接部分(4)和电池侧联接部分(5)的相应接收装置(14)配合。
9.一种具有电驱动器的车辆(3),其特征在于,
所述车辆包括如权利要求1至8中任一项所述的联接器(1),并且所述联接器(1)布置在副驾驶员搁脚空间下方的区域中,其中设有盖子(15)的检修孔口布置在所述联接器(1)上方,经由所述检修孔口可接触到所述联接器(1)。
10.如权利要求9所述的车辆,其特征在于,至少两个圆锥形的定位辅助装置布置在电池(2)上,其中所述定位辅助装置的接收装置设置在所述车辆上。
11.如权利要求9或10所述的车辆,其特征在于,所述电池(2)被螺旋紧固在所述车辆上。
12.如权利要求10所述的车辆,其特征在于,至少三个圆锥形的定位辅助装置布置在电池(2)上。
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