CN102800969B - Waveguide feed source and antenna - Google Patents
Waveguide feed source and antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN102800969B CN102800969B CN201110178801.3A CN201110178801A CN102800969B CN 102800969 B CN102800969 B CN 102800969B CN 201110178801 A CN201110178801 A CN 201110178801A CN 102800969 B CN102800969 B CN 102800969B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a waveguide feed source, which comprises a waveguide of which one end is open and the other end is closed, an electromagnetic composite material unit arranged in the waveguide and an electromagnetic radiation unit, wherein the electromagnetic composite material unit is arranged between the electromagnetic radiation unit and the closed end of the waveguide; the electromagnetic radiation unit receives an electric signal and converts the electric signal into an electromagnetic wave; the electromagnetic composite material unit comprises at least one electromagnetic composite material sheet layer; each electromagnetic composite material sheet layer comprises a sheet type substrate and a plurality of artificial micro structures arranged on the sheet type substrate; and the refractive index of each electromagnetic composite material sheet layer is gradually increased from the middle region to two ends. The electromagnetic composite material unit with specific refractive index distribution is filled or arranged in the waveguide, so that the electromagnetic wave generated by the electromagnetic radiation unit can be diffused, and an angle of the radiation range of an electromagnetic wave beam radiated from a waveguide port is more than 100 degrees; and therefore, the radiation range of the electromagnetic wave beam of the waveguide feed source meets a design requirement of an antenna. The invention also provides the antenna applying the waveguide feed source.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of antenna feed field, particularly relate to a kind of waveguide feed and apply the antenna of this waveguide feed.
Background technology
Feed is the heart of antenna, it is used as the primary radiator of high-gain focused antenna, for reflecting surface (parabolic reflector face) antenna provides effective irradiation, the electromagnetic wave come through reflective surface is arranged, make its polarised direction consistent and carry out impedance transformation, the electromagnetic scattering radiated by waveguide feed is on Reflector Panel.Then by reflecting surface by Electromagnetic Wave Propagation to airspace.Wherein waveguide feed comprises various feed, be applied to as waveguide feed in reflector antenna, but the electromagnetic beam that general waveguide feed radiates is generally about 70 degree, therefore, waveguide feed general in Antenna Design can not meet design requirement.
Summary of the invention
Based on this, a kind of electromagnetic beam radiation scope of the present invention is wide, and the waveguide feed that volume is relatively little.
The present invention also provides a kind of antenna of this waveguide feed of application.
A kind of antenna comprises a waveguide feed and the reflector element for reflection electromagnetic wave, described waveguide feed comprise close one end open one end waveguide, be arranged at magnetoelectric composites unit in waveguide and electromagnetic radiation unit, described magnetoelectric composites unit is arranged between electromagnetic radiation unit and the blind end of waveguide; Electromagnetic radiation unit receives the signal of telecommunication and is converted into electromagnetic wave by after the signal of telecommunication, magnetoelectric composites unit comprises at least a slice magnetoelectric composites lamella, and each magnetoelectric composites lamella comprises plate shape substrates and is arranged on the multiple man-made microstructure on plate shape substrates; The refractive index of each magnetoelectric composites lamella described is increased to two ends gradually by zone line.
Further, described waveguide is rectangular waveguide.
Further, described rectangular waveguide one side is provided with a through hole, described electromagnetic radiation unit one end is passed described through hole and is stretched in rectangular waveguide.
Further, described electromagnetic radiation unit is a metal cylindrical needle.
Further, the man-made microstructure on described magnetoelectric composites lamella is matrix form arrangement and man-made microstructure size is increased to two ends gradually by centre, and the man-made microstructure size on the zone line of described magnetoelectric composites lamella is minimum.
Waveguide feed comprise close one end open one end waveguide, be arranged at magnetoelectric composites unit in waveguide and an electromagnetic radiation unit, described magnetoelectric composites unit is arranged between electromagnetic radiation unit and the blind end of waveguide; Electromagnetic radiation unit receives the signal of telecommunication and is converted into electromagnetic wave by after the signal of telecommunication, magnetoelectric composites unit comprises at least a slice magnetoelectric composites lamella, and each magnetoelectric composites lamella comprises plate shape substrates and is arranged on the multiple man-made microstructure on plate shape substrates; The refractive index of each magnetoelectric composites lamella described is increased to two ends gradually by zone line.
Further, the arragement direction of described man-made microstructure is consistent.
Further, the arragement direction of described man-made microstructure is inconsistent.
Further, described man-made microstructure optical axis is rotated to both sides gradually by the zone line of each magnetoelectric composites lamella.
Further, the man-made microstructure optical axis in the zone line of described magnetoelectric composites lamella is mutually vertical with the man-made microstructure optical axis being in two ends.
Compared to existing technology, fill or be provided with the magnetoelectric composites unit of specific refractive index distribution in the waveguide, the electromagnetic wave divergent that electromagnetic radiation unit produces can be made, and then radiate electromagnetic beam radiation scope angle more than 100 degree from waveguide mouth, from Antenna Design, described waveguide feed electromagnetic beam radiation scope meets the demands.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the side schematic view of an embodiment in inventive antenna;
Fig. 2 is the waveguide feed stereogram in antenna shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the refraction index profile schematic diagram of the magnetoelectric composites unit in waveguide feed shown in Fig. 2;
The execution mode concrete structure schematic diagram that Fig. 4 is the unit of magnetoelectric composites shown in Fig. 3;
Another execution mode concrete structure that Fig. 5 is the unit of magnetoelectric composites shown in Fig. 4 shows vertical view;
Fig. 6 is the alabastrine man-made microstructure schematic diagram of the plane in the layer of magnetoelectric composites shown in Fig. 5;
Fig. 7 is the man-made microstructure schematic diagram of the stereo snow flake shape in the layer of magnetoelectric composites shown in Fig. 5;
Fig. 8 is the man-made microstructure schematic diagram of the stereo snow flake shape in the layer of magnetoelectric composites shown in Fig. 6.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with relevant drawings and specific embodiment, the present invention will be further described:
Refer to Fig. 1, the side schematic view of an embodiment in inventive antenna.Described antenna 10 comprises a waveguide feed 12 and the electromagnetic reflector element 11 for reflecting waveguide feed 12 radiation.In the present embodiment, the described reflector element 11 curved Reflector Panel that adopts metal material to make.
See also Fig. 2, waveguide feed 12 comprises the closed waveguide 121 in one end open one end, is arranged at magnetoelectric composites unit 122 and electromagnetic radiation unit 123 in waveguide 121.In the present embodiment, described waveguide 121 is rectangular waveguide and on waveguide 121 1 side, is provided with a through hole 102, described electromagnetic radiation unit 123 one end is passed described through hole 102 and is stretched in waveguide 121, described electromagnetic radiation unit 123 is a coaxial cable and the part stretched in waveguide 121 is exposed copper cable, for receiving processing circuit the signal of telecommunication and be converted into electromagnetic wave signal by after telecommunications.In other embodiments, described waveguide 121 is circular waveguide.
In the present embodiment, magnetoelectric composites unit 122 is rectangular-shaped and is arranged between the blind end of waveguide 121 and electromagnetic radiation unit 123.Described magnetoelectric composites unit 122 is made up of artificial electromagnetic composite material, and artificial electromagnetic composite material refers to some artificial composite structures with the extraordinary physical property not available for natural material or composite material.By the structurally ordered design on the key physical yardstick of material, the restriction of some apparent natural law can be broken through, thus obtain the meta-materials function exceeding the intrinsic common character of nature.Such as, artificial electromagnetic material technology is utilized can to design the magnetoelectric composites of refraction index profile as shown in Figure 3.
As shown in Figure 4, for magnetoelectric composites unit 122 described in an execution mode concrete structure schematic diagram of the unit of magnetoelectric composites shown in Fig. 3 comprises at least a slice magnetoelectric composites lamella 1, each magnetoelectric composites lamella 1 comprises plate shape substrates 2 and is attached to multiple man-made microstructure 3 of array arrangement on plate shape substrates 2, each man-made microstructure 3 is thought with plate shape substrates 2 base material of surrounding and is divided into a magnetoelectric composites subelement, the magnetoelectric composites subelement that each magnetoelectric composites lamella 1 is arranged along X-direction, and in the minimum man-made microstructure 3 of zone line S1 distributed dimension, thus, the refractive index of zone line S1 is made to be minimum relative to other regions, this zone line S1 comprises multiple magnetoelectric composites subelements of a magnetoelectric composites subelement or identical refractive index, the refractive index of the magnetoelectric composites subelement of this zone line S1 both sides is respectively along increasing gradually to two ends, and each magnetoelectric composites subelement described has anisotropic electromagnetic parameter.Each magnetoelectric composites subelement can be identical square, it can be cube, may also be cuboid, the length of each magnetoelectric composites subelement is of a size of less than 1/5th (being generally 1/10th of wavelength) of incident electromagnetic wave wavelength, has continuous print electric field and/or magnetic responsiveness to make whole Meta Materials to electromagnetic wave.Each magnetoelectric composites subelement has anisotropic electromagnetic parameter and refers to, in cell space the refraction index profile of every bit be not often all identical, its refractive index be ellipsoid distribution, this ellipsoid is called index ellipsoid.For arbitrary given cell, its index ellipsoid is calculated by the simulation softwares of prior art and computational methods, such as list of references Electromagnetic parameterretrieval from inhomogeneous metamaterials, D.R.Smith, D.C.Vier, T.Koschny, C.M.Soukoulis, the method recorded in Physical Review E 71,036617 (2005).
For the man-made microstructure with planar structure, isotropism, refer to on this two dimensional surface with arbitrary electromagnetic wave of unspecified angle incidence, namely above-mentioned man-made microstructure electric field response is on this plane all identical with magnetic responsiveness, and also dielectric constant is identical with magnetic permeability; For the man-made microstructure with three-dimensional structure, isotropism refers to that the electric field response of each above-mentioned man-made microstructure on three dimensions is all identical with magnetic responsiveness for electromagnetic wave incident in three-dimensional either direction.When man-made microstructure is 90 degree of rotational symmetry structures, namely man-made microstructure has isotropic feature.
For two-dimension plane structure, 90 degree of Rotational Symmetries refer to that it to overlap with original structure after crossing any 90-degree rotation of rotating shaft of its symmetrical centre perpendicular to this plane around one on this plane; For three-dimensional structure, if have 3 rotating shafts that are vertical between two and intersection point (intersection point is pivot) altogether, this structure is all overlapped after arbitrary rotating shaft 90-degree rotation or symmetrical with an interface with original structure with original structure, then this structure is 90 degree of rotational symmetry structures.
Correspondingly, if man-made microstructure does not meet 90 degree of Rotational Symmetries (non-90 degree Rotational Symmetry) of plane or three-dimensional, then it is anisotropy (having the anisotropy of two dimension and three-dimensional anisotropy equally).
In the present embodiment, described man-made microstructure 3 is I-shaped metal micro structure, the rectangular array arrangement of man-made microstructure 3 on each magnetoelectric composites lamella 1, multiple man-made microstructure 3 on each magnetoelectric composites lamella 1 have identical I-shaped figure, and the man-made microstructure that in multiple man-made microstructure 3 of arranging along the x-axis direction, size is minimum is positioned at zone line S1, and its size of multiple man-made microstructure 3 of arranging along the y-axis direction remains unchanged.In the embodiment that Fig. 4 represents, zone line S1 is a magnetoelectric composites subelement.But according to different needs, zone line S1 also can be multiple magnetoelectric composites subelements with same size, described I-shaped metal micro structure arragement direction is consistent, and namely the optical axis direction of metal micro structure is identical.
Another execution mode concrete structure of the unit of magnetoelectric composites shown in Fig. 5 shows vertical view.With above-described embodiment one unlike, multiple man-made microstructure 3 optical axis that each magnetoelectric composites lamella 1 is arranged in the x-direction is rotated to both sides gradually by zone line S1.Multiple magnetoelectric composites subelements that each magnetoelectric composites lamella 1 is arranged in the x-direction, the optical axis of the man-made microstructure 3 in the S1 of region that wherein mediates is parallel with y direction, man-made microstructure 3 optical axis being in two ends is parallel with x direction, and the man-made microstructure optical axis namely in zone line is mutually vertical with the man-made microstructure optical axis being in two ends.In addition, in the present embodiment, man-made microstructure 3 size being arranged in zone line S1 is minimum, and the man-made microstructure 3 of this zone line S1 both sides increases gradually respectively to two ends size.Man-made microstructure 3 in described second area S2 with the middle position of zone line S1 for symmetry axis is symmetrical arranged, symmetrical centered by zone line S1 by the refractive index of the magnetoelectric composites subelement making described second area S2 both sides.In other words, the refractive index of described magnetoelectric composites lamella 1 distributes as shown in Figure 3.
In the present embodiment, because magnetoelectric composites unit 122 has same refraction index profile rule on x and z direction, therefore, by the refractive index of each magnetoelectric composites subelement of appropriate design, can realize dispersing.In addition, due to the specific configuration of optical axis, electromagnetic wave can be made more to disperse, reach the region overlay that electromagnetic wave is larger.In addition, compared to the first embodiment, because optical axis is orderly rotating successively, electromagnetic division can not be caused.
Plate shape substrates 2 of the present invention can adopt ceramic material, macromolecular material, ferroelectric material, ferrite material or ferromagnetic material to make.Above-mentioned macromolecular material can be polytetrafluoroethylene.The electrical insulating property of polytetrafluoroethylene is very good, therefore can not produce interference to electromagnetic electric field, and have excellent chemical stability, corrosion resistance, long service life, and the base material as metal micro structure attachment is good selection.Certainly, above-mentioned macromolecular material may also be the composite materials such as FR-4, F4b.
Man-made microstructure of the present invention, preferably, adopt metal micro structure, described metal micro structure is the metal wire with certain figure.Such as, the metal wire such as copper cash or silver-colored line.The method that above-mentioned metal wire can be carved by etching, electroplating, bore quarter, photoetching, electronics quarter or ion is attached on plate shape substrates.Certainly, three-dimensional laser processing technology can also be adopted.
In addition, in the present embodiment, what magnetoelectric composites unit 122 adopted is I-shaped man-made microstructure, I-shaped in non-90 degree Rotational Symmetry figure, I-shaped is anisotropic a kind of fairly simple structure, in addition, man-made microstructure of the present invention can also be plane flakes structure as shown in Figure 6.Certainly, no matter be I-shaped man-made microstructure, the still alabastrine man-made microstructure of plane as shown in Figure 6, as long as it has the characteristic of anisotropy (non-rotating 90 degree symmetrical figures), derived structure as shown in Figure 7,8.
We know, when electromagnetic wave is through the interface of different medium, and can generating portion reflex.The impedance contrast of usual both sides medium will be larger apart from larger reflection.Due to the electromagnetic reflection of part, the electromagnetic energy along the direction of propagation will corresponding loss, has a strong impact on the quality of the Distance geometry signal transmission of electromagnetic signal propagation.
Therefore, fill in waveguide 121 or the distribute electromagnetic composite material unit 122 adopting refractive index as described above is set, the electromagnetic wave divergent that electromagnetic radiation unit 123 produces can be made, and then radiate electromagnetic beam radiation scope angle more than 100 degree from waveguide mouth, from Antenna Design, described waveguide feed electromagnetic beam radiation scope meets the demands.
By reference to the accompanying drawings embodiments of the invention are described above; but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment; above-mentioned embodiment is only schematic; instead of it is restrictive; those of ordinary skill in the art is under enlightenment of the present invention; do not departing under the ambit that present inventive concept and claim protect, also can make a lot of form, these all belong within protection of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. an antenna, it is characterized in that, described antenna comprises a waveguide feed and the reflector element for reflection electromagnetic wave, described waveguide feed comprise close one end open one end waveguide, be arranged at magnetoelectric composites unit in waveguide and electromagnetic radiation unit, described magnetoelectric composites unit is arranged between electromagnetic radiation unit and the blind end of waveguide; Electromagnetic radiation unit receives the signal of telecommunication and is electromagnetic wave by transform electrical signals, and magnetoelectric composites unit comprises at least a slice magnetoelectric composites lamella, and each magnetoelectric composites lamella comprises plate shape substrates and is arranged on the multiple man-made microstructure on plate shape substrates; The refractive index of each magnetoelectric composites lamella described is increased to two ends gradually by zone line along the x-axis direction, constant along the y-axis direction, x-axis, y-axis are all positioned at horizontal plane, parallel with the orthogonal both sides of magnetoelectric composites lamella respectively.
2. antenna according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described waveguide is rectangular waveguide.
3. antenna according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described rectangular waveguide one side is provided with a through hole, and described electromagnetic radiation unit one end is passed described through hole and stretched in rectangular waveguide.
4. antenna according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described electromagnetic radiation unit is a metal cylindrical needle.
5. antenna according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, man-made microstructure on described magnetoelectric composites lamella be matrix form arrangement and man-made microstructure size increased gradually to two ends along described x-axis direction by centre, constant along described y-axis direction, the man-made microstructure size on the zone line of described magnetoelectric composites lamella is minimum.
6. a waveguide feed, it is characterized in that, described waveguide feed comprise close one end open one end waveguide, be arranged at magnetoelectric composites unit in waveguide and electromagnetic radiation unit, described magnetoelectric composites unit is arranged between electromagnetic radiation unit and the blind end of waveguide; Electromagnetic radiation unit receives the signal of telecommunication and is electromagnetic wave by transform electrical signals, and magnetoelectric composites unit comprises at least a slice magnetoelectric composites lamella, and each magnetoelectric composites lamella comprises plate shape substrates and is arranged on the multiple man-made microstructure on plate shape substrates; The refractive index of each magnetoelectric composites lamella described is increased to two ends gradually by zone line along the x-axis direction, constant along the y-axis direction, x-axis, y-axis are all positioned at horizontal plane, parallel with the orthogonal both sides of magnetoelectric composites lamella respectively.
7. waveguide feed according to claim 6, is characterized in that, the arragement direction of described man-made microstructure is consistent.
8. waveguide feed according to claim 6, is characterized in that, the arragement direction of described man-made microstructure is inconsistent.
9. waveguide feed according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described man-made microstructure optical axis is rotated to the both sides along described x-axis direction gradually by the zone line of each magnetoelectric composites lamella.
10. waveguide feed according to claim 9, is characterized in that, the man-made microstructure optical axis in the zone line of described magnetoelectric composites lamella is mutually vertical with the man-made microstructure optical axis be in along the two ends in described x-axis direction.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201110178801.3A CN102800969B (en) | 2011-06-29 | 2011-06-29 | Waveguide feed source and antenna |
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| CN201110178801.3A CN102800969B (en) | 2011-06-29 | 2011-06-29 | Waveguide feed source and antenna |
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| CN102800969B true CN102800969B (en) | 2015-03-11 |
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| WO2017109695A1 (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2017-06-29 | Swisstip Sa | Antenna and anticollision detecting system comprising this antenna |
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| US5883602A (en) * | 1996-06-05 | 1999-03-16 | Apti, Inc. | Wideband flat short foci lens antenna |
| CN101389998A (en) * | 2004-07-23 | 2009-03-18 | 加利福尼亚大学董事会 | Metamaterials |
| CN101587990A (en) * | 2009-07-01 | 2009-11-25 | 东南大学 | Broad band cylindrical lens antenna based on artificial electromagnetic materials |
| CN101867094A (en) * | 2010-05-02 | 2010-10-20 | 兰州大学 | Focusing panel antenna |
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2011
- 2011-06-29 CN CN201110178801.3A patent/CN102800969B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5883602A (en) * | 1996-06-05 | 1999-03-16 | Apti, Inc. | Wideband flat short foci lens antenna |
| CN101389998A (en) * | 2004-07-23 | 2009-03-18 | 加利福尼亚大学董事会 | Metamaterials |
| CN101587990A (en) * | 2009-07-01 | 2009-11-25 | 东南大学 | Broad band cylindrical lens antenna based on artificial electromagnetic materials |
| CN101867094A (en) * | 2010-05-02 | 2010-10-20 | 兰州大学 | Focusing panel antenna |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 向坤、陈娟,等.提高喇叭天线增益的超介质构建方法.《西安交通大学学报》.2011,第45卷(第2期), * |
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