CN102797979B - Device for detecting leakage points of underground pipeline and method thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提出一种地下管道泄漏点的探测装置及方法,该装置包括有壳体以及位于壳体中的功能电路,该功能电路包括有数字信号处理器,数字信号处理器连接有人机控制电路、显示电路以及外围电路,还包括有差分式声电传感器探头,该探头通过信号调理电路与数字信号处理器连接,探头探测地下管道泄漏点发出的振动信号,并将信号传送至数字信号处理器,在确定泄漏点方向后,通过多次探测比较信号特点,逐步确定泄漏点的范围。该探测装置及方法实现了在不开挖覆土、不受外界噪音等因素的影响的情况下探测地下管道泄漏点,通过直接对管道上方土地探测即可方便准确的检测地下水、气管道是否有泄露点及其漏点位置,其结构牢固,性能稳定,经久耐用,操作简单。
The present invention proposes a detection device and method for leakage points of underground pipelines. The device includes a housing and a functional circuit located in the housing. The functional circuit includes a digital signal processor connected to a human-machine control circuit, The display circuit and peripheral circuits also include a differential acoustic-electric sensor probe, which is connected to a digital signal processor through a signal conditioning circuit. The probe detects the vibration signal from the leakage point of the underground pipeline and transmits the signal to the digital signal processor. After determining the direction of the leak point, the scope of the leak point is gradually determined by comparing the signal characteristics through multiple detections. The detection device and method realize the detection of the leakage point of the underground pipeline without excavating the soil and being not affected by factors such as external noise, and can conveniently and accurately detect whether there is leakage in the groundwater and gas pipelines by directly detecting the land above the pipeline Point and leak point position, its structure is firm, performance is stable, durable, easy to operate.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及声电传感器技术领域,具体涉及一种基于线圈式声电传感器的地下水、气管道泄漏点探测的装置及方法。The invention relates to the technical field of acoustic-electric sensors, in particular to a device and method for detecting leakage points of groundwater and gas pipelines based on coil-type acoustic-electric sensors.
背景技术 Background technique
地下水、气管道在当今城市基本建设中得到了广泛的应用,在国家的经济发展和人民的生产生活中占有极其重要位置。然而由于它的隐蔽性,如果发生管道损坏、泄漏的情况,很难在地面观察到,对资源将会造成严重的浪费,对人民的生产生活造成严重的影响,甚至会引发安全隐患。对于管道泄漏将会造成的严重后果,引起了各阶层的重视,因而出现了一群专门从事地下水、气管道的“听漏工”。但是此项工作对于工作人员的经验要求过高,而且工作时间段只能限于噪音很小的深夜。对于上述情况,经过对“听漏工”的采访以及对泄露点特性的细致研究,设计开发了的地下水、气管道泄漏点探测的装置及方法,实现了不受工作时间及外界噪音的影响下,快速、简单、不开挖覆土情况下对泄露点探测。Ground water and gas pipelines have been widely used in today's urban infrastructure, and occupy an extremely important position in the country's economic development and people's production and life. However, due to its concealment, if the pipeline is damaged or leaked, it is difficult to observe it on the ground, which will cause serious waste of resources, seriously affect people's production and life, and even cause safety hazards. The serious consequences of pipeline leakage have attracted the attention of all walks of life, so a group of "leakage workers" specializing in groundwater and gas pipelines have emerged. However, this job requires too much experience of the staff, and the working hours can only be limited to late night with very little noise. In view of the above situation, after interviews with the "leak listener" and careful research on the characteristics of the leak point, the device and method for detecting the leak point of groundwater and gas pipelines have been designed and developed, which realizes the detection of the leakage point without being affected by working hours and external noise. , Fast, simple, and leak point detection without excavation and covering soil.
在已有的研究成果中,地下水、气管道泄漏点的探测方法主要基于简单的物理听漏棒,对工作人员的经验及听力要求过高,且工作时间只能限于噪音相对较小的深夜,长时间对工作人员的耳膜及身体健康造成影响;因此,有必要设计一种成本较低,不受工作时间及外界噪音的影响,并且简单实用的探测方法,在不开挖覆土情况下,快速、准确地对泄露点进行探测。In the existing research results, the detection method of groundwater and gas pipeline leakage points is mainly based on simple physical leakage sticks, which requires too much experience and hearing of the staff, and the working hours can only be limited to late night when the noise is relatively small. It will affect the staff's eardrum and physical health for a long time; therefore, it is necessary to design a simple and practical detection method with low cost, which is not affected by working hours and external noise, and can be detected quickly without digging and covering soil. , Accurately detect the leakage point.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种地下管道泄漏点的探测装置及方法,不开挖覆土、不受外界噪音等因素的影响,通过直接对管道地表上方土地探测实现准确检测地下水、气管道泄露点及其位置的目的。The object of the present invention is to provide a detection device and method for the leakage point of underground pipelines, without excavating and covering the soil, without being affected by external noise and other factors, by directly detecting the land above the surface of the pipeline to accurately detect the leakage points of underground water and gas pipelines and the purpose of its location.
本发明为解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是,The technical scheme that the present invention adopts for solving its technical problem is,
地下管道泄漏点的探测装置,包括有壳体以及位于壳体中的功能电路,该功能电路包括有数字信号处理器,数字信号处理器连接有人机控制电路、显示电路以及外围电路,还包括有差分式声电传感器探头,该探头通过信号调理电路与数字信号处理器连接,探头探测地下管道泄漏点发出的振动信号,并将信号传送至数字信号处理器。The detection device for the leakage point of the underground pipeline includes a casing and a functional circuit located in the casing. The functional circuit includes a digital signal processor connected to a man-machine control circuit, a display circuit and a peripheral circuit. A differential acoustic-electric sensor probe is connected with a digital signal processor through a signal conditioning circuit, and the probe detects the vibration signal from the leakage point of the underground pipeline and transmits the signal to the digital signal processor.
探头的底端具有金属膜片,其内部具有磁铁和线圈,金属膜片与线圈相连,地下管道发出的振动信号使金属膜片共振,并带动线圈在磁场中振动,从而产生感应电压,线圈通过导线与信号调理电路相连,将感应电压通入信号调理电路。The bottom of the probe has a metal diaphragm, which has a magnet and a coil inside. The metal diaphragm is connected to the coil. The vibration signal from the underground pipeline makes the metal diaphragm resonate and drives the coil to vibrate in the magnetic field, thereby generating an induced voltage. The coil passes through The wire is connected with the signal conditioning circuit, and the induced voltage is passed into the signal conditioning circuit.
壳体上连接有伸缩式探测杆。A telescopic detection rod is connected to the casing.
人机控制电路设置有振动信号采集频段,包括:低频段60~80Hz,中频段80~250Hz,高频段250~600Hz。The man-machine control circuit is provided with vibration signal acquisition frequency bands, including: low frequency band 60-80 Hz, middle frequency band 80-250 Hz, high frequency band 250-600 Hz.
信号调理电路将线圈的感应电压幅值调理在0~3V之间,并将其频率保持在60Hz~250Hz之间。The signal conditioning circuit adjusts the amplitude of the induced voltage of the coil between 0 and 3V, and keeps its frequency between 60Hz and 250Hz.
利用上述装置探测地下管道泄漏点的方法,包括以下步骤:The method for detecting the leakage point of the underground pipeline by using the above-mentioned device comprises the following steps:
1)在待测地下管道附近放置好探测装置,将探头贴在地面上,使探测杆与地面垂直,通过人机控制电路依次采集低频段、中频段和高频段的信号;1) Place the detection device near the underground pipeline to be tested, stick the probe on the ground, make the detection rod perpendicular to the ground, and collect the signals of low frequency, medium frequency and high frequency in sequence through the man-machine control circuit;
2)数字信号处理器对三次采集的信号进行处理分析,如果信号呈现如下特点:三个频段信号齐全且稳定,低频段的幅值相对中高频段的幅值较大,则判断此次探测点附近有泄漏点;2) The digital signal processor processes and analyzes the signals collected three times. If the signals show the following characteristics: the signals of the three frequency bands are complete and stable, and the amplitude of the low frequency band is larger than that of the middle and high frequency bands, then judge the detection point. There is a leak nearby;
3)沿着地下管道走向,距离上次探测点100~500米处,再选择一个探测点,重复步骤1)、2)的工作,并将采集的信号与上次的信号进行比较,如果发现低频段信号的幅值相比上次增大,则说明本次探测点与泄漏点的距离比上次的探测点更近,应继续向前进行下次探测;如果发现低频段信号幅值相对上次减小,则说明本次探测点与泄漏点的距离比上次探测点更远,应沿反方向取探测点;3) Along the direction of the underground pipeline, at a distance of 100 to 500 meters from the last detection point, select another detection point, repeat steps 1) and 2), and compare the collected signal with the last signal, if found If the amplitude of the low-frequency signal increases compared with the last time, it means that the distance between the detection point and the leak point is closer than the previous detection point, and the next detection should be carried forward; if the amplitude of the low-frequency signal is found to be relatively If it decreases last time, it means that the distance between the detection point and the leakage point is farther than the last detection point, and the detection point should be taken in the opposite direction;
4)在确定泄漏点方向后,只保存最近一次采集的信号数据,以供同下次探测进行比较,重复步骤1)、2)、3)的工作,逐步确定泄漏点的范围。4) After determining the direction of the leakage point, only save the latest signal data collected for comparison with the next detection, repeat steps 1), 2), and 3), and gradually determine the scope of the leakage point.
地下管道漏水、漏气时,在水、气压的作用下,冲击、摩擦管壁及外部介质,便产生一定的漏水、漏气声响,这种漏水声响由三部分组成:1.水、气长时间冲击周围介质,在漏水、漏气外形成空洞,构成一个共振腔,该处声响的振幅较大,频率较低,主要集中在60~80Hz之间;2.水、气冲击管壁,产生振动声,其频率在80~250Hz之间;3.水、气冲出管壁后,冲击周围介质,如粘土、砂石或黄土等产生声响,其频率较宽,主要集中在250~600Hz。基于上述原理,探测装置的人机控制电路设置三个采集频段:低频段60~80Hz,中频段80~250Hz,高频段250~600Hz。When the underground pipeline leaks water or air, under the action of water and air pressure, it impacts and rubs against the pipe wall and the external medium, which will produce a certain sound of water leakage and air leakage. The sound of water leakage is composed of three parts: 1. The length of water and air Time impacts the surrounding medium, forming a cavity outside the water and air leakage, forming a resonance cavity, where the sound amplitude is relatively large and the frequency is low, mainly concentrated between 60 and 80Hz; 2. Water and air impact the pipe wall, resulting in Vibration sound, its frequency is between 80 and 250 Hz; 3. After water and air rush out of the pipe wall, they impact the surrounding medium, such as clay, sand or loess, and produce sound with a wide frequency, mainly concentrated at 250 to 600 Hz. Based on the above principles, the man-machine control circuit of the detection device sets three acquisition frequency bands: low frequency band 60-80 Hz, middle frequency band 80-250 Hz, high frequency band 250-600 Hz.
本发明的优点在于,该探测装置及方法实现了在不开挖覆土、不受外界噪音等因素的影响的情况下探测地下管道泄漏点,通过直接对管道上方土地探测即可方便准确的检测地下水、气管道是否有泄露点及其漏点位置,其结构牢固,性能稳定,经久耐用,操作简单。The advantage of the present invention is that the detection device and method realize the detection of the leakage point of the underground pipeline without excavating the soil and being not affected by factors such as external noise, and the groundwater can be detected conveniently and accurately by directly detecting the land above the pipeline , Whether there is a leakage point in the air pipeline and its location, the structure is firm, the performance is stable, durable, and the operation is simple.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1是本发明提出的探测装置的系统结构图;Fig. 1 is the system structural diagram of the detection device that the present invention proposes;
图2是该探测装置的声电探头结构示意图。Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the acoustic-electric probe of the detection device.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
为了使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解,下面结合图示与具体实施例,进一步阐述本发明。In order to make the technical means, creative features, goals and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further elaborated below in conjunction with illustrations and specific embodiments.
本发明提出的地下管道泄漏点的探测装置包括有壳体以及位于壳体中的功能电路,如图1所示,该功能电路包括有数字信号处理器,数字信号处理器连接有人机控制电路、显示电路以及外围电路,还包括有差分式声电传感器探头,该探头通过信号调理电路与数字信号处理器连接,探头探测地下管道泄漏点发出的振动信号,并将信号传送至数字信号处理器。The detection device of the underground pipeline leak point proposed by the present invention includes a housing and a functional circuit located in the housing. As shown in Figure 1, the functional circuit includes a digital signal processor, and the digital signal processor is connected to a human-machine control circuit, The display circuit and the peripheral circuit also include a differential acoustic-electric sensor probe, which is connected to a digital signal processor through a signal conditioning circuit. The probe detects the vibration signal from the leakage point of the underground pipeline and transmits the signal to the digital signal processor.
如图2所示,探头的底端具有金属膜片,其内部具有磁铁和线圈,金属膜片与线圈相连,地下管道发出的振动信号使金属膜片共振,并带动线圈在磁场中振动,从而产生感应电压,线圈通过导线与信号调理电路相连,将感应电压通入信号调理电路。As shown in Figure 2, the bottom of the probe has a metal diaphragm, which has a magnet and a coil inside, and the metal diaphragm is connected to the coil. The vibration signal sent by the underground pipeline makes the metal diaphragm resonate and drives the coil to vibrate in the magnetic field, thereby The induced voltage is generated, the coil is connected with the signal conditioning circuit through the wire, and the induced voltage is passed into the signal conditioning circuit.
另外,为方便探测工作的进行,壳体上连接有伸缩式探测杆,整个装置重量较轻,便于携带。In addition, in order to facilitate the detection work, a telescopic detection rod is connected to the casing, and the whole device is light in weight and easy to carry.
人机控制电路设置有振动信号采集频段,包括:低频段60~80Hz,中频段80~250Hz,高频段250~600Hz。信号调理电路将线圈的感应电压幅值调理在0~3V之间,并将其频率保持在60Hz~250Hz之间。The man-machine control circuit is provided with vibration signal acquisition frequency bands, including: low frequency band 60-80 Hz, middle frequency band 80-250 Hz, high frequency band 250-600 Hz. The signal conditioning circuit adjusts the amplitude of the induced voltage of the coil between 0 and 3V, and keeps its frequency between 60Hz and 250Hz.
数字信号处理器选择TMS320X281xDSP,其外围电路提供处理器工作所需要的电源,复位、时钟等电路。The digital signal processor chooses TMS320X281xDSP, and its peripheral circuit provides the power supply, reset, clock and other circuits required by the processor.
该装置采用数据采集、分析处理、结果显示的一体化,可以实时再现管道运行情况。The device adopts the integration of data acquisition, analysis and processing, and result display, and can reproduce the pipeline operation in real time.
利用上述装置探测地下管道泄漏点的方法,包括以下步骤:The method for detecting the leakage point of the underground pipeline by using the above-mentioned device comprises the following steps:
1)在待测地下管道附近放置好探测装置,将探头贴在地面上,使探测杆与地面垂直,通过人机控制电路依次采集低频段、中频段和高频段的信号;1) Place the detection device near the underground pipeline to be tested, stick the probe on the ground, make the detection rod perpendicular to the ground, and collect the signals of low frequency, medium frequency and high frequency in sequence through the man-machine control circuit;
2)数字信号处理器对三次采集的信号进行处理分析,如果信号呈现如下特点:三个频段信号齐全且稳定,低频段的幅值相对中高频段的幅值较大,则判断此次探测点附近有泄漏点;2) The digital signal processor processes and analyzes the signals collected three times. If the signals show the following characteristics: the signals of the three frequency bands are complete and stable, and the amplitude of the low frequency band is larger than that of the middle and high frequency bands, then judge the detection point. There is a leak nearby;
3)沿着地下管道走向,距离上次探测点100~500米处,再选择一个探测点,重复步骤1)、2)的工作,并将采集的信号与上次的信号进行比较,如果发现低频段信号的幅值相比上次增大,则说明本次探测点与泄漏点的距离比上次的探测点更近,应继续向前进行下次探测;如果发现低频段信号幅值相对上次减小,则说明本次探测点与泄漏点的距离比上次探测点更远,应沿反方向取探测点;3) Along the direction of the underground pipeline, at a distance of 100 to 500 meters from the last detection point, select another detection point, repeat steps 1) and 2), and compare the collected signal with the last signal, if found If the amplitude of the low-frequency signal increases compared with the last time, it means that the distance between the detection point and the leak point is closer than the previous detection point, and the next detection should be carried forward; if the amplitude of the low-frequency signal is found to be relatively If it decreases last time, it means that the distance between the detection point and the leakage point is farther than the last detection point, and the detection point should be taken in the opposite direction;
4)在确定泄漏点方向后,只保存最近一次采集的信号数据,以供同下次探测进行比较,重复步骤1)、2)、3)的工作,逐步确定泄漏点的范围。4) After determining the direction of the leakage point, only save the latest signal data collected for comparison with the next detection, repeat steps 1), 2), and 3), and gradually determine the scope of the leakage point.
如果将探测装置放在管道预留的观测口(如井盖下露出的管道),效果会更佳。The effect will be better if the detection device is placed in the reserved observation port of the pipeline (such as the pipeline exposed under the manhole cover).
该探测装置及方法实现了在不开挖覆土、不受外界噪音等因素的影响的情况下探测地下管道泄漏点,通过直接对管道上方土地探测即可方便准确的检测地下水、气管道是否有泄露点及其漏点位置,其结构牢固,性能稳定,经久耐用,操作简单。The detection device and method realize the detection of the leakage point of the underground pipeline without excavating and covering the soil, without being affected by external noise and other factors, and can conveniently and accurately detect whether there is leakage in the groundwater and gas pipelines by directly detecting the land above the pipeline The location of the point and its leakage point, its structure is firm, its performance is stable, it is durable and easy to operate.
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理、主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解,本发明不受上述实施例的限制,上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理,在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下本发明还会有各种变化和改进,这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等同物界定。The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above. Those skilled in the industry should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments, and that described in the above-mentioned embodiments and the description only illustrates the principles of the present invention, and the present invention also has various aspects without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Variations and improvements all fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
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CN112303502A (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2021-02-02 | 湖北力程供水管道检测有限公司 | Sound vibration method water leakage detection method |
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CN2819239Y (en) * | 2005-03-02 | 2006-09-20 | 王明时 | Infrared built-in pipeline detector |
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