CN102795642A - Ammonia-hydrogen recovery device and ammonia-hydrogen recovery method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an ammonia-hydrogen recovery device and an ammonia-hydrogen recovery method. Before pressure reduction of an ammonia synthesis discharge gas, the ammonia synthesis discharge gas is cooled under an isobaric condition of an ammonia synthesis post and ammonia is separated from the ammonia synthesis discharge gas. Evaporative refrigeration of liquid ammonia, and evaporative refrigeration of liquid propane or ethane, as well as the cooling effect refrigeration of a vortex tube are utilized to cool the ammonia synthesis discharge gas before pressure reduction. The device and the method adopts five high-pressure shell-and-tube heat exchangers, two five-channel plate-fin heat exchangers, three separators, one liquid ammonia storage tank, one propane or ethane compressor, one propane or ethane cooler, one nitrogen compressor, one nitrogen cooler, one pressurization expansion machine refrigeration end, one pressurization expansion machine pressurization end, one vortex tube, and one vortex tube hot end cooler. By utilizing nitrogen circulating expansion auxiliary refrigeration, the ammonia is frozen, methane, nitrogen and argon are liquefied, and further the hydrogen is recovered. The technical scheme provided in the invention has the advantages of simple overall structure and technical process, high degree of automation, good stability, as well as high efficiency.

Description

The method that a kind of ammonia hydrogen recovery unit and ammonia hydrogen reclaim

Technical field

The present invention relates to the chemical gases recovery system, relate in particular to the method that a kind of ammonia hydrogen recovery unit and ammonia hydrogen reclaim.

Background technology

At present, the additional gas of most of ammonia synthesis has also replenished into the rare gas element that methane, argon gas etc. are unfavorable for ammonia synthesis simultaneously except the necessary available gas of nitrogen, two kinds of synthetic ammonia of hydrogen.Along with constantly synthesizing of nitrogen and hydrogen, the methane in the synthesis system, the concentration of argon gas constantly increase.Ammonia synthesis must be discharged ammonia synthesis system to methane, argon gas in order to guarantee the normal chemical reaction substrate concentration of nitrogen and hydrogen.Can take available gas such as a large amount of ammonias, hydrogen out of during discharge.The volume content of the ammonia of ammonia synthesis vent gas, hydrogen, methane, nitrogen, argon gas is about 8%, 57%, 18%, 14%, 3% respectively, and pressure is 22 ± 6 MPa, and temperature is about 20 ℃.The leading portion that traditional recovery method has three kinds, three kinds methods to reclaim ammonia and hydrogen all is with the method for washing the ammonia in the ammonia synthesis vent gas to be recycled into ammoniacal liquor, and back segment adopts membrane permeation method, pressure swing adsorption process and Deep Cooling Method recover hydrogen respectively.The common defects of three kinds of methods is the ammoniacal liquor that all produces low value-added and easy contaminate environment.Can not be recycled into pure ammonia, need further power consumption can use as ammonolysis product after handling.And the product hydrogen pressure that three kinds of traditional methods reclaim out is lower, the highest only 1.8MPa, and high pressure could supply synthesis ammonia system to use to need further consumption of power to be promoted to more.

Summary of the invention

Not enough to above-mentioned existing in prior technology; The object of the invention provides and a kind ofly directly is recycled into ammonolysis product to the ammonia of ammonia synthesis vent gas; Reclaim the ammonia hydrogen recovery unit of hydrogen wherein and the method that ammonia hydrogen reclaims simultaneously; And the hydrogen pressure that goes out system can reach 6 ± 1MPa, no longer produces ammoniacal liquor, and the methane content of product hydrogen is almost nil simultaneously.The present invention before the step-down of ammonia synthesis vent gas promptly with the isobaric state in ammonia synthesis post under ammonia in cooling and the synthetic vent gas of separation of ammonia, and the effects of reduced temperature of the sweat cooling of the sweat cooling that utilizes liquefied ammonia and petrogas or ethane and vortex tube freezes and cools off the preceding ammonia synthesis vent gas of step-down.The present invention is different according to the boiling point of ammonia, hydrogen, methane, nitrogen, five kinds of gases of argon gas in the ammonia synthesis vent gas and fusing point; Adopt five high pressure pipe shell heat exchangers, two five-way road plate-fin heat exchangers, three separators, liquid ammonia storage tank, propane or ethane compressor, propane or ethane water cooler, a nitrogen compressor, a nitrogen cooler, a booster expansion machine refrigeration end, a booster expansion machine pressurized end, a vortex tube; A vortex tube hot junction water cooler; Utilizing throttling behind nitrogen circulation expansion auxiliary cooling, ethane or the propane compression condensation to adopt carnot's working cycle auxiliary cooling, eddying effect refrigeration and device itself to reclaim the re-heat of backflowing of the liquefied ammonia, liquid nitrogen, liquid methane, liquid argon sweat cooling and the product hydrogen that obtain reclaims the cold that cold obtains and freezes; Be to make the ammonia synthesis vent gas be cooled to 65 ± 10 ℃ under the ammonia synthesis vent gas pressure situation of not falling under high pressure 22 ± 6 MPa pressure states; High pressure separates down then; Realize reclaiming earlier the purpose of ammonia; Make synthetic vent gas be cooled to-180 ± 2 ℃ under 6 ± 1MPa pressure state being depressurized to then, freeze ammonia, liquefied methane, nitrogen, argon gas and then recover hydrogen.The fusing point of considering ammonia is-77 ℃; When being lower than-77 ℃ ammonia will freeze stop up back segment five-way road plate- fin heat exchanger 45,43 but for the nitrogen in the further synthetic vent gas of liquefied ammonia, methane, argon gas so that recover hydrogen; So must reduce to temperature-180 ± 2 ℃, result in blockage or heat exchange efficiency is low, plate-fin heat exchanger has adopted two interchanger 45 parallelly connected with 43 in back segment five-way road in the present invention, and switch in turn according to the variation of its heat exchange efficiency or resistance and to use and fuse ammonia ice in turn, all press and take turns the method for precooling, the LP of implement device in turn and move continuously in order to prevent that micro-ammonia in the five-way road plate-fin heat exchanger from freezing.The present invention simultaneously considers the preliminary stage of methane, argon gas and nitrogen in cooling and the synthetic vent gas of liquefied ammonia; Promptly when the methane in the ammonia synthesis vent gas begins to liquefy; Ammonia in the ammonia synthesis vent gas is not frozen on the fin of ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channel of five-way road plate-fin heat exchanger fully; Liquid methane, liquid nitrogen, liquid argon after being liquefied after having seldom a part of ammonia to be cooled to solidify brought in the liquid trap that five-way road plate-fin heat exchanger connects; When liquid trap utilizes liquid methane, liquid nitrogen, liquid argon throttling valve to drain into the five-way road plate-fin heat exchanger of connection; Liquid methane, liquid nitrogen, liquid argon are vaporized; Because five-way road plate-fin heat exchanger is bottom (ingress of liquid methane, liquid nitrogen, liquid argon) temperature very low (180 ± 2 ℃) when work; The solid ammonia that is blended in liquid methane, liquid nitrogen, the liquid argon can not be vaporized; And on can the fin attached to the waste liquid of five-way road plate-fin heat exchanger vaporization passage, simultaneously because the separating effect limitation of liquid trap, the product hydrogen after the separation be on the fin that gets into the product hydrogen re-heat passage that also can bring seldom a part of solid ammonia into five-way road plate-fin heat exchanger when cold is reclaimed in the plate-fin heat exchanger re-heat of five-way road; Some solid ammonia also can be adhered in liquid trap inside; So when the ammonia of the present invention in each five-way road plate-fin heat exchanger of fusion was iced (being solid ammonia), the ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channel of five-way road plate-fin heat exchanger, waste liquid vaporization passage, product hydrogen re-heat passage and the liquid trap that is connected thereof all passed through re-heat fusion ammonia ice, to reach the purpose that the device LP moves continuously.The present invention simultaneously considers also that under high pressure conditions cooling and separation of ammonia synthesize the ammonia in the vent gas; The cooling load of economy system and then reduce the power consumption of recycle compressor relatively, cooling and separation of ammonia are synthesized the ammonia in the vent gas down so the present invention adopts high pressure method and original not step-down of ammonia synthesis vent gas state in the process that reclaims ammonia.After the ammonia that reclaims the ammonia synthesis vent gas, the present invention has made full use of the ammonia synthesis vent gas at the big pressure reduction when 22 ± 6 MPa are depressurized to 6 ± 1 MPa, provides cold to save the cooling load of device thereby utilize vortex tube to obtain cryogenic gas to this device.When interchanger 45 or 43 fusion ammonia ice, can flow to liquid ammonia storage tank 59 by potential difference in order to make the ammonia after fusion is liquefied, the ad hoc bottom of counting interchanger 45,43 is higher than the top of separator 61,63 and liquid ammonia storage tank.The liquid level among the present invention and the control of pressure adopt throttling valve or variable valve to realize; Two five-way road plate-fin heat exchangers switch in turn use, fuse in turn ammonia ice, in turn all press and in turn precooling adopt sequencing valve and throttling valve clocklike switch realize that all throttling valve or variable valve and sequencing valve have a PLC computer to control.Provide the mode of cold to be for nitrogen cooler, propane or ethane water cooler, vortex tube hot junction water cooler among the present invention: earlier with recirculated water be respectively nitrogen cooler, propane or ethane water cooler, vortex tube hot junction water cooler provides cold, adopts in series connection when cold deficiency or cooling temperature are too high that the liquefied ammonia cooling is respectively nitrogen cooler, propane or ethane water cooler, vortex tube hot junction water cooler provides cold.

The method that a kind of ammonia hydrogen recovery unit of the present invention and ammonia hydrogen reclaim, the ammonia hydrogen recovery unit includes interchanger, separator, liquid ammonia storage tank, propane or ethane compressor, propane or ethane water cooler, nitrogen compressor, nitrogen cooler, vortex tube, vortex tube hot junction water cooler, booster expansion machine refrigeration end, booster expansion machine pressurized end, throttling valve, parsing gas throttling valve, sequencing valve, stopping valve and pipeline.Interchanger 13,12,11,10,8 structures wherein are the high pressure pipe shell-type; Each interchanger is divided into tube side and shell side, and the tube side of interchanger 13,11,10,8 is by reaching the tube side export mixes in tube side import, the pipe, and the front end in the pipe is the tube side import; Rear end in the pipe is the tube side outlet; Shell side is by reaching the shell side export mixes between shell side import, pipe, and the front end between pipe is the shell side import, and the rear end of shell side is the shell side outlet.The tube side of interchanger 12 wherein is by reaching the tube side export mixes in tube side import, the pipe; Front end in the pipe is the tube side import; Rear end in the pipe is the tube side outlet; Shell side by between shell side import, pipe, shell side outlet and shell side separate the gassing export mixes, the front end between pipe is the shell side import, the rear end between pipe is shell side outlet and the outlet of shell side resolver.Wherein the tube side import of interchanger 13,12,11,10,8 is all on the top of interchanger separately; The outlet of the tube side of interchanger 13,12,11,10,8 is all in the bottom of interchanger separately; The outlet of the shell side of interchanger 13,12,11,10,8 is all in top one side of interchanger separately; The shell side import of interchanger 13,12,11,10,8 is all in bottom one side of interchanger separately; Wherein the shell side of interchanger 12 is resolved mouth and is exported on the top of interchanger 12 opposite side, and is higher than the shell side outlet of interchanger 12.Interchanger 45,43 wherein is a five-way road plate-fin heat exchanger, and interchanger 45,43 constitutes by ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channel, waste liquid vaporization passage, product hydrogen re-heat passage, nitrogen precooled passage, nitrogen cooling channel.Each passage is all by import, heat exchange fin and export mixes, and import is in the front end exit of the heat exchange fin rear end at heat exchange fin.The ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channel wherein and the channel entrance of nitrogen precooled passage are respectively at the different positions place on its interchanger top; Channel outlet is at different positions place, the bottom of its interchanger; The channel entrance of wherein waste liquid vaporization passage, product hydrogen re-heat passage and nitrogen cooling channel is another different positions place in the bottom of its interchanger, and channel outlet is another different positions place on the top of its interchanger.Separator 18 wherein is made up of the import of ammonia synthesis vent gas, the outlet of ammonia synthesis vent gas, liquefied ammonia relief outlet; Wherein the ammonia synthesis vent gas import of separator 18 is on the top of separator 18; The ammonia synthesis vent gas outlet of separator 18 is a side on the top of separator 18, and the liquefied ammonia relief outlet of separator 18 is a side in the bottom of separator 18.Separator 61 wherein is made up of the import of ammonia synthesis vent gas, product hydrogen relief outlet, waste liquid relief outlet, outlet port respectively with separator 63; Wherein the ammonia synthesis vent gas import of separator 61 is on the top of separator 61; The product hydrogen relief outlet of separator 61 is a side on the top of separator 61; The waste liquid relief outlet of separator 61 is a side in the bottom of separator 61; The outlet port of separator 61 is in the bottom of separator 61, and wherein the ammonia synthesis vent gas import of separator 63 is on the top of separator 63, and the product hydrogen relief outlet of separator 63 is a side on the top of separator 63; The waste liquid relief outlet of separator 63 is a side in the bottom of separator 63, and the outlet port of separator 63 is in the bottom of separator 63.Liquid ammonia storage tank 59 wherein is made up of liquefied ammonia import, liquefied ammonia relief outlet and pressure maintaining valve, and the liquefied ammonia relief outlet of liquid ammonia storage tank 59 is a side in the bottom of liquid ammonia storage tank 59, and the liquefied ammonia import is on the top of liquid ammonia storage tank 59, and pressure maintaining valve is one side on the top of liquid ammonia storage tank.Vortex tube wherein is made up of inlet end, hot junction, cold junction, and the front end of hot junction and cold junction is inlet end.Booster expansion machine refrigeration end wherein and booster expansion machine pressurized end are made up of the refrigeration end and the pressurized end shaft coupling of a cover booster expansion machine.The ammonia synthesis vent gas is connected to the tube side import of interchanger 13; The outlet of interchanger 13 shell sides is connected to the product gas ammonia through pipeline 14; The outlet of interchanger 12 shell sides is connected to interchanger 13 shell side imports through pipeline and throttling valve 15, and the outlet of interchanger 13 tube sides is connected to the tube side import of interchanger 12,11,10,8 respectively simultaneously through pipeline and stopping valve 2,3,4,6.The shell side of interchanger 12 is separated gassing outlet and is connected to through pipeline 1 and separates gassing.The tube side outlet of interchanger 12 is through the tube side outlet of pipe connection to interchanger 11,10,8.Separator 18 liquefied ammonia relief outlets are connected to the shell side import of interchanger 12 through pipeline and throttling valve 19.To propane or ethane compressor, to propane or ethane water cooler, propane or ethane water cooler are again through the shell side import of pipe connection to interchanger 11 through pipe connection for propane or ethane compressor through pipe connection in the shell side outlet of interchanger 11.The shell side of interchanger 10 exports an end and arrives vortex tube hot junction water cooler 9 through pipe connection; Vortex tube hot junction water cooler 9 is through pipe connection vortex tube hot junction; The vortex tube cold junction is through the shell side import of pipe connection to interchanger 10, and the vortex tube inlet end is simultaneously through the shell side outlet of pipe connection to interchanger 8.The shell side import of interchanger 8 is through the ammonia synthesis vent gas outlet of pipe connection to separator 18, and the ammonia synthesis vent gas import of separator 18 then is connected with the tube side outlet of interchanger 8,10,11,12 respectively through pipeline.The shell side outlet of interchanger 10 a wherein end is arrived vortex tube hot junction water cooler 9 through pipe connection; The other end respectively through the ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channel of pipeline, sequencing valve 24,25, interchanger 45,43, is connected to the ammonia synthesis vent gas import of separator 61,63 respectively again again with pipeline and sequencing valve 54,57.The waste liquid vaporization channel entrance of interchanger 45,43 is through pipeline and sequencing valve 53, again with pipe connection together.The waste liquid relief outlet of separator 61 with the waste liquid vaporization passage of pipeline through interchanger 45, again with pipeline and sequencing valve 39, with pipeline and throttling valve 36, is connected to waste gas with pipeline 37 more again through pipeline and throttling valve 60.The waste liquid relief outlet of separator 63 with the waste liquid vaporization passage of pipeline through interchanger 43, again with pipeline and sequencing valve 41, with pipeline and throttling valve 36, is connected to waste gas with pipeline 37 more again through pipeline and throttling valve 62.The product hydrogen relief outlet of separator 61 passes through pipeline and sequencing valve 52, is connected with separator 63 product hydrogen relief outlets with pipeline.The product hydrogen relief outlet of separator 61 connects interchanger 45 product hydrogen re-heat passages with pipeline, again with pipeline and sequencing valve 34, connects product hydrogen with pipeline 23 again.The product hydrogen relief outlet of separator 63 with pipeline connect interchanger 43 product hydrogen re-heat passages, again with pipeline and sequencing valve 32, connect the product hydrogen with pipeline 23 again.The booster expansion machine refrigeration end is with pipeline, sequencing valve 47, and with the nitrogen cooling channel of pipe connection interchanger 45, the nitrogen cooling channel of interchanger 45 is through the pipe connection nitrogen compressor again.The booster expansion machine refrigeration end is with pipeline, sequencing valve 49, and with the nitrogen cooling channel of pipe connection interchanger 43, the nitrogen cooling channel of interchanger 43 is through the pipe connection nitrogen compressor again.Nitrogen compressor is through the pipe connection nitrogen cooler; Nitrogen cooler is through pipe connection booster expansion machine pressurized end; The booster expansion machine pressurized end is through the nitrogen precooled passage of pipe connection interchanger 45; The nitrogen precooled passage of interchanger 45 is through pipeline, sequencing valve 44, again with pipe connection booster expansion machine refrigeration end.The booster expansion machine pressurized end is through the nitrogen precooled passage of pipe connection interchanger 43, and the nitrogen precooled passage of interchanger 43 is through pipeline, sequencing valve 42, again with pipe connection booster expansion machine refrigeration end.The outlet port of separator 61,63 is respectively through pipeline and sequencing valve 65,64, again with the pipeline 37 of pipe connection behind the throttling valve 36 to waste gas.The waste liquid of interchanger 45 vaporization channel outlet, product hydrogen re-heat channel outlet, the cooling channel import of ammonia synthesis vent gas respectively with pipeline and sequencing valve 38,35,30, more respectively with pipe connection throttling valve 36.The waste liquid of interchanger 43 vaporization channel outlet, product hydrogen re-heat channel outlet, the cooling channel import of ammonia synthesis vent gas respectively with pipeline and sequencing valve 40,33,31, more respectively with pipe connection throttling valve 36.Interchanger 45 ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channel imports are through pipeline, sequencing valve 29, again with pipe connection product hydrogen.Interchanger 43 ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channel imports are through pipeline, sequencing valve 28, again with pipe connection product hydrogen.Interchanger 45 and the outlet of 43 ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channel are respectively through pipeline and sequencing valve 55,56; Again respectively with the liquefied ammonia import of pipe connection liquid ammonia storage tank 59; The liquefied ammonia relief outlet of liquid ammonia storage tank 59 is connected with the shell side import of interchanger 12 with pipeline through pipeline and throttling valve 58 again.The liquid ammonia storage tank pressure maintaining valve connects other workshop section.The bottom of interchanger 45,43 is higher than the top of separator 61,63 and liquid ammonia storage tank.The concrete grammar that ammonia hydrogen reclaims: the backflow cold of re-heat recovery of the sweat cooling of the liquid methane that utilizes nitrogen circulation swell refrigeration, ethane or propane compression back condensation to utilize carnot's working cycle refrigeration, vortex tube refrigeration and device itself to obtain, liquid nitrogen, liquefied ammonia, liquid argon and product hydrogen freezes; And according to the difference of ammonia, methane, nitrogen, argon gas, five kinds of gas boiling points of hydrogen and fusing point; Under 22 ± 6 MPa pressure states, promptly under the situation of not step-down of ammonia synthesis vent gas, utilize 13,12,11,10,8 five high pressure pipe shell heat exchangers of interchanger, wherein interchanger 13 is connected with interchanger 12,11,10,8 tube sides; The parallel connection of interchanger 12,11,10,8 tube sides; The ammonia synthesis vent gas is the tube side through interchanger 13 earlier, the tube side through interchanger 12,11,10,8 simultaneously then, earlier the ammonia synthesis vent gas since about 20 ℃ coolings; When going into separator 18, interchanger 12,11,10,8 tube sides are cooled to about 65 ± 10 ℃ going out; Ammonia in the ammonia synthesis vent gas is liquefied, separates under the situation of not step-down through separator 18, the liquefied ammonia that separator 18 is discharged gets into interchanger 12 shell sides through throttling valve 19; The utilization of liquefied ammonia pressure is resolved the gas throttling valve and is controlled at 1.8 ± 0.6 MPa; Throttling valve 15 is controlled at shell side to the liquefied ammonia liquid level between interchanger 12 pipes and separates below the gassing outlet, resolves and is dissolved in methane, nitrogen, argon gas, the hydrogen in the liquefied ammonia, cold is provided for simultaneously interchanger 12; Reduce the temperature of the ammonia synthesis vent gas of going into interchanger 12; Liquefied ammonia goes out interchanger 12 shell sides then, utilizes throttling valve 15 to be depressurized to 0.2 ± 0.15 MPa, gets into the shell side of interchanger 13; Utilize the vaporization heat of liquefied ammonia cold to be provided for interchanger 13, reduce the ammonia synthesis vent gas temperature of going into interchanger 13.The ammonia synthesis vent gas that the ammonia synthesis vent gas of going into interchanger 11 tube sides utilizes propane or ethane compressor 22 compressed propanes or ethane to advance then to go into after propane or ethane water cooler 16, condensed propane or the ethane throttling interchanger 11 to feed interchanger 11 tube sides provides auxiliary cold; Utilize out the pressure of the ammonia synthesis vent gas of interchanger 8 shell sides to fall; Be depressurized to 6 ± 1MPa from 22 ± 6 MPa; The ammonia synthesis vent gas that the shell side that the cryogenic gas that utilizes vortex tube 17 cold junctions to discharge gets into interchanger 10 feeds interchanger 10 provides cold; Separator 18 is discharged low temperature ammonia synthesis vent gas and is gone into the ammonia synthesis vent gas that the shell side of interchanger 8 feeds interchanger 8 cold is provided; Ammonia synthesis vent gas 22 ± 6 MPa states realize reclaiming the ammonia purpose down through cooling, separation.Through the ammonia synthesis vent gas after the vortex tube step-down cooling, pressure is 6 ± 1MPa, and cold air is to get into interchanger 45 or 43 ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channels after interchanger 10 provides cold through interchanger 10 shell sides.Through the ammonia synthesis vent gas after the vortex tube step-down intensification, pressure is 6 ± 1MPa, and hot gas gets into interchanger 45 or 43 ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channels through vortex tube hot junction water cooler cooling back.The ammonia synthesis vent gas that gets into interchanger 45 or interchanger 43 is cooled to-180 ± 2 ℃, residue micro-ammonia in the ammonia synthesis vent gas is freezed, most of methane, nitrogen, argon gas are liquefied simultaneously; After separator 61 or separator 63 separation; Get into the waste liquid vaporization passage sweat cooling of interchanger 45 or interchanger 43 through throttling valve 60 or throttling valve 62, thereby provide cold to reduce the temperature of ammonia synthesis vent gas for interchanger 45 or interchanger 43.It is thereby that interchanger 45 or interchanger 43 provide cold to reduce the temperature of ammonia synthesis vent gas that the cryogenic product hydrogen that goes out separator 61 or 63 is gone into the product hydrogen re-heat passage of interchanger 45 or 43.Thereby the cold insufficient section utilizes the nitrogen circulation swell refrigeration to reduce the temperature of ammonia synthesis vent gas through the nitrogen cooling channel of interchanger 45 or interchanger 43 for interchanger 45 or 43 provides auxiliary cold.Before the nitrogen expansion at first in the nitrogen precooled passage precooling of interchanger 45 or interchanger 43.Nitrogen boosts, cools off the back through nitrogen compressor and gets into the supercharging of booster expansion machine pressurized end; Get into the nitrogen precooled passage precooling of interchanger 45 or interchanger 43 then; Get into the booster expansion machine refrigeration end then, go out the nitrogen cooling channel that the booster expansion machine refrigeration end is entered interchanger 45 or 43.The recirculated water that is of cold is provided for nitrogen cooler, vortex tube hot junction water cooler, propane or ethane water cooler; When recirculated water cooling quantity not sufficient or temperature are too high, use liquefied ammonia to be evaporated to nitrogen cooler, vortex tube hot junction water cooler, propane or ethane water cooler in series connection cold is provided.Fusion interchanger 45 or 43 frozen ammonia ice utilize (upstream pressure of control throttling valve 36 is higher than downstream pressure) before the throttling valve 36 waste gas (promptly utilize the mixed gas of methane after the waste liquid vaporization passage vaporization re-heat of interchanger 45 or 43, nitrogen, argon gas, its particular location be sequencing valve 39 or 41 with pipeline that throttling valve 36 is connected on) heat is provided; The solution gas of fusion ammonia ice drains into throttling valve 36 back pipelines 37.Ammonia ice is dissolved to be become and utilizes behind the liquefied ammonia interchanger 45 or interchanger 43 and the potential difference of liquid ammonia storage tank 59 to drain into liquid ammonia storage tank through pipeline and sequencing valve 55 or 56 respectively; When liquid ammonia storage tank reaches the setting liquid level; Throttling valve 58 is opened the shell side import that liquefied ammonia is drained into interchanger 12; When the liquid ammonia storage tank superpressure, the pressure maintaining valve of liquid ammonia storage tank is opened toward other workshop section's release, and pressure just often pressure maintaining valve is closed.When interchanger 45 or interchanger 43 freezed or resistance when increasing, the PLC computer send the instruction that pre-sets utilize throttling valve and sequencing valve clocklike switch realize the switching and the molten ice work of interchanger 45 and interchanger 43.Method that it specifically switches (switching to interchanger 43 from interchanger 45 earlier) is that sequencing valve 52,57 is opened for interchanger 43 and separator 63 boosts (promptly all pressing), boosts and finish back sequencing valve 28 and be opened for interchanger 43 and separator 63 precoolings; Precooling finishes back sequencing valve 28,39,34,47,44 closes, and sequencing valve 53,49,41,32,42 is opened simultaneously.After for some time (the concrete timed interval is set with the device particular case), sequencing valve 52,53,24 cuts out, and sequencing valve 25 is opened simultaneously.Throttling valve 62 is started working when separator 63 liquid levels reach the setting liquid level, and interchanger 43 gets into operational phases with separator 63.At this moment interchanger 45 is in fusion ammonia ice loitering phase with separator 61.Before the fusion ammonia ice, sequencing valve 54 cuts out, and sequencing valve 55 is opened simultaneously; Then sequencing valve 65,38,35 and throttling valve 60 are opened; Utilize out device throttling valve 36 preceding waste gas heat to be provided for interchanger 45, separator 61, fusion ammonia ice, solution gas drains into waste gas through sequencing valve 65; (the concrete timed interval is set with the device particular case) sequencing valve 55 cuts out after for some time, and sequencing valve 30 is opened with sequencing valve 54 and continued dissolved ammonia ice simultaneously.Fusion ammonia ice finishes, and sequencing valve 38,35,30,54,65 and throttling valve 60 are closed.It is following with the implementation step of separator 61 to recycle interchanger 45 once more behind the fusion ammonia ice: sequencing valve 52,54 is opened for interchanger 45, separator 61 boosts (promptly all pressing), and the back sequencing valve 29 that boosts is opened, and is interchanger 45 and separator 61 precoolings.Sequencing valve 29,41,49,32,42 cut out after precooling finished, sequencing valve 39,34,47,53,44 is opened simultaneously.(the concrete timed interval is set with the device particular case) sequencing valve 52,53,25 cuts out after for some time, and sequencing valve 24 is opened simultaneously.Throttling valve 60 is started working when separator 61 liquid levels reach the setting liquid level, and at this moment interchanger 45 is recycled with separator 61 again.Get into then that interchanger 43 is iced with the fusion ammonia of separator 63, boosted, precooling and working stage.Get into next circulation then.

The present invention is achieved in that the method that a kind of ammonia hydrogen recovery unit and ammonia hydrogen reclaim; Comprise interchanger 13,12,11,10,8,45,43; Separator 18,61,63; Liquid ammonia storage tank 59; Nitrogen compressor 27, nitrogen cooler 26, propane or ethane compressor 22, propane or ethane water cooler 16; Booster expansion machine refrigeration end 51 and booster expansion machine pressurized end 50; Vortex tube 17, vortex tube hot junction water cooler 9, throttling valve 15,19,36,58,60,62, sequencing valve 24,25,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,38,39,40,41,42,44,47,49,52,53,54,55,56,57,64,65, parsing gas throttling valve, the connecting tube between stopping valve 2,3,4,6 and above-mentioned various interchanger, various separator, liquid ammonia storage tank, various water cooler, throttling valve, sequencing valve and the stopping valve.Interchanger 13,12,11,10,8 structures wherein are the high pressure pipe shell-type; Each interchanger is divided into tube side and shell side, and by reaching the tube side export mixes in tube side import, the pipe, the front end in the pipe is the tube side import to the tube side of interchanger 13,11,10,8 respectively; Rear end in the pipe is the tube side outlet; Shell side is by reaching the shell side export mixes between shell side import, pipe, and the front end between pipe is the shell side import, and the rear end of shell side is the shell side outlet.The tube side of interchanger 12 wherein is by reaching the tube side export mixes in tube side import, the pipe; Front end in the pipe is the tube side import; Rear end in the pipe is the tube side outlet; Shell side by between shell side import, pipe, shell side outlet and shell side separate the gassing export mixes, the front end between pipe is the shell side import, the rear end between pipe is shell side outlet and the outlet of shell side resolver.Wherein the tube side import of interchanger 13,12,11,10,8 is all on the top of interchanger separately; The outlet of the tube side of interchanger 13,12,11,10,8 is all in the bottom of interchanger separately; The outlet of the shell side of interchanger 13,12,11,10,8 is all in top one side of interchanger separately; The shell side import of interchanger 13,12,11,10,8 is all in bottom one side of interchanger separately; Wherein the shell side of interchanger 12 is resolved mouth and is exported on the top of interchanger 12 opposite side, and is higher than the shell side outlet of interchanger 12.The medium that passes through in interchanger 13,12,11,10,8 tube sides is the ammonia synthesis vent gas, the ammonia synthesis vent gas after the medium that interchanger 13,12,11,10,8 shell sides pass through is respectively liquefied ammonia and gas ammonia mixture, liquefied ammonia and separates gassing, petrogas or ethane and lowers the temperature with gaseous propane or ethane mixtures, the step-down of branch ammonia backwash pipe, the ammonia synthesis vent gas behind the branch ammonia.Interchanger 45,43 is a five-way road plate-fin heat exchanger, and interchanger 45,43 is made up of ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channel, waste liquid vaporization passage, product hydrogen re-heat passage, nitrogen precooled passage, nitrogen cooling channel respectively.Each passage is all by import, heat exchange fin and export mixes, and import is at the front end of heat exchange fin, and outlet is in the rear end of heat exchange fin.The ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channel wherein and the channel entrance of nitrogen precooled passage are respectively at the different positions place on its interchanger top; Channel outlet is at different positions place, the bottom of its interchanger; The channel entrance of wherein waste liquid vaporization passage, product hydrogen re-heat passage and nitrogen cooling channel is another different positions place in the bottom of its interchanger, and channel outlet is another different positions place on the top of its interchanger.Separator 18 wherein is made up of the import of ammonia synthesis vent gas, the outlet of ammonia synthesis vent gas, liquefied ammonia relief outlet.Wherein the ammonia synthesis vent gas import of separator 18 is on the top of separator 18, and the outlet of the ammonia synthesis vent gas of separator 18 is a side on the top of separator 18, and the liquefied ammonia relief outlet of separator 18 is a side in the bottom of separator 18.Separator 61 wherein is made up of the import of ammonia synthesis vent gas, product hydrogen relief outlet, waste liquid relief outlet, outlet port respectively with separator 63; Wherein the ammonia synthesis vent gas import of separator 61 is on the top of separator 61; The product hydrogen relief outlet of separator 61 is a side on the top of separator 61; The waste liquid relief outlet of separator 61 is a side in the bottom of separator 61; The outlet port of separator 61 is in the bottom of separator 61, and wherein the ammonia synthesis vent gas import of separator 63 is on the top of separator 63, and the product hydrogen relief outlet of separator 63 is a side on the top of separator 63; The waste liquid relief outlet of separator 63 is a side in the bottom of separator 63, and the outlet port of separator 63 is in the bottom of separator 63.Liquid ammonia storage tank 59 wherein is made up of liquefied ammonia import, liquefied ammonia relief outlet and pressure maintaining valve, and the liquefied ammonia relief outlet of liquid ammonia storage tank 59 is a side in the bottom of liquid ammonia storage tank 59, and the liquefied ammonia import is on the top of liquid ammonia storage tank 59, and pressure maintaining valve is one side on the top of liquid ammonia storage tank.Vortex tube wherein is made up of inlet end, hot junction, cold junction, and the front end of hot junction and cold junction is inlet end.Booster expansion machine refrigeration end wherein and booster expansion machine pressurized end are made up of the refrigeration end and the pressurized end shaft coupling of a cover booster expansion machine.The use of connecting with interchanger 12,11,10,8 tube sides of the tube side of interchanger 13, the tube side parallel connection of interchanger 12,11,10,8 is used.Two five-way road plate- fin heat exchangers 45,43 and connect separator 61,63 and switch in turn and use.The ammonia synthesis vent gas is cooled under high pressure 22 ± 6 MPa states and the flow line of Separation and Recovery ammonia connects interchanger 13 tube side imports for the ammonia synthesis vent gas; The outlet of interchanger 13 tube sides connects interchanger 12,11,10,8 tube side imports respectively then, and the outlet of interchanger 12,11,10,8 tube sides connects separator 18 ammonia synthesis vent gas imports respectively.The ammonia synthesis vent gas that goes out separator 18 connects interchanger 8 shell side imports, and the ammonia synthesis vent gas that goes out the outlet of interchanger 8 shell sides connects vortex tube 17 inlet ends, goes out vortex tube cold junction ammonia synthesis vent gas and is depressurized to 6 ± 1MPa; Take over 20 then; Go out pipeline 20 and connect interchanger 10 shell side imports, go out the outlet of interchanger 10 shell sides and be connected with pipeline 21, ammonia synthesis vent gas in vortex tube hot junction is depressurized to 6 ± 1MPa; Connect vortex tube hot junction water cooler 9 then, vortex tube hot junction water cooler 9 adapter roads 21.Water cooler 9 adapter roads 21 gases mix the back through pipeline 21, connect the ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channel of interchanger 45 ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channels and interchanger 43 more respectively respectively through sequencing valve 24,25.Ammonia synthesis vent gas micro-ammonia is freezed and the flow line of recover hydrogen is that the ammonia synthesis vent gas that interchanger 10 shell sides export mixes the back connects interchanger 45 ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channels and interchanger 43 more respectively respectively through sequencing valve 24,25 through pipeline 21 ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channel with the ammonia synthesis vent gas of vortex tube hot junction water cooler at pipeline 21.The ammonia synthesis vent gas continues to be cooled to-180 ± 2 ℃ under 6 ± 1MPa pressure state then.The residue micro-ammonia of ammonia synthesis vent gas is freezed in realization, liquefied methane, nitrogen, argon gas, and separating liquid methane, liquid nitrogen, liquid argon, thus reach the purpose of recover hydrogen.Be interchanger 13; 12; 11; 10; 8; 45; 43 provide the mode of cold to be respectively: the liquefied ammonia that separator 18 liquefied ammonia relief outlets are discharged discharges through interchanger 12 shell sides goes into interchanger 13 shell side sweat coolings after separating gassing; The liquefied ammonia that separator 18 liquefied ammonia relief outlets are discharged is gone into interchanger 12 shell side heat exchange refrigeration; The propane of compressor 22 compressions or ethane are gone into interchanger 11 shell sides and are utilized petrogas or ethane sweat cooling after propane or the condensation of ethane water cooler; The ammonia synthesis vent gas utilizes after through interchanger 8 shell sides vortex tube 17 cold junctions to obtain for interchanger 10 cold to be provided behind the cryogenic gas; It is that interchanger 8 provides cold that the low temperature ammonia synthesis vent gas that separator 18 is discharged is gone into interchanger 8 shell sides; The cryogenic gas that booster expansion machine refrigeration end 51 is discharged; The liquid methane that separator 61 waste liquid relief outlets are discharged; Liquid nitrogen; The cryogenic product hydrogen that liquid argon sweat cooling and separator 61 product hydrogen relief outlets are discharged is that interchanger 45 provides cold; The cryogenic gas that booster expansion machine refrigeration end 51 is discharged; The liquid methane that separator 63 waste liquid relief outlets are discharged; Liquid nitrogen; The cryogenic product hydrogen that liquid argon sweat cooling and separator 63 product hydrogen relief outlets are discharged is that interchanger 43 provides cold.Concrete mode of connection: concrete mode connects interchanger 13 tube side imports for the ammonia synthesis vent gas; Interchanger 13 tube sides outlets is respectively through pipeline and stopping valve 2,3,4,6, connect the tube side import of interchanger 12,11,10,8 respectively again with pipeline, the tube side outlet of interchanger 12,11,10,8 connects the ammonia synthesis vent gas import of separator 18 respectively through pipeline.The liquefied ammonia relief outlet of separator 18 passes through pipeline and throttling valve 19, is connected with the shell side import of interchanger 12 with pipeline.The shell side outlet of interchanger 11 is connected with propane or ethane compressor through pipeline.Propane or ethane compressor are connected with propane or ethane water cooler through pipeline.Propane or ethane water cooler are connected with interchanger 11 shell side imports through pipeline.The outlet of interchanger 13 shell sides is connected with the product gas ammonia through pipeline 14.The shell side of interchanger 12 separate gassing outlet through pipeline 1 with separate gassing and be connected.The shell side outlet of interchanger 12 is passed through pipeline and throttling valve 15, is connected with interchanger 13 shell side imports with pipeline.The ammonia synthesis vent gas outlet of separator 18 is through the shell side import of pipe connection interchanger 8; The shell side outlet of interchanger 8 is through pipe connection vortex tube inlet end; The hot junction of vortex tube connects vortex tube hot junction water cooler 9 through pipeline 5; The cold junction of vortex tube is connected with interchanger 10 shell side imports through pipeline 20; The shell side outlet of interchanger 10 is connected with vortex tube hot junction water cooler 9 through pipeline one end, and the other end is connected with the ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channel of interchanger 45,43 respectively through pipeline 21 and sequencing valve 24,25.The ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channel of interchanger 45,43 connects the ammonia synthesis vent gas import of separator 61,63 respectively through pipeline and sequencing valve 54,57, the product hydrogen relief outlet of separator 61 is connected with the product hydrogen relief outlet of separator 63 with pipeline through pipeline and sequencing valve 52 again.The product hydrogen relief outlet of separator 61 through pipeline 46 connect the product hydrogen re-heat passage of interchanger 45, again with pipeline and sequencing valve 34, connect the product hydrogen with pipeline 23 again.The product hydrogen relief outlet of separator 63 through pipeline 48 connect the product hydrogen re-heat passage of interchanger 43, again with pipeline and sequencing valve 32, connect the product hydrogen with pipeline 23 again.The waste liquid relief outlet of separator 61 through pipeline and throttling valve 60, again with pipeline connect the waste liquid vaporization passage of interchanger 45, again with sequencing valve 39, again with pipeline and throttling valve 36, connect waste gas with pipeline 37 again.The waste liquid relief outlet of separator 63 through pipeline and throttling valve 62, again with pipeline connect the waste liquid vaporization passage of interchanger 43, again with sequencing valve 41, again with pipeline and throttling valve 36, connect waste gas with pipeline 37 again.The outlet port of separator 61 is through pipeline and sequencing valve 65, be connected with the pipeline 37 behind pipeline and the throttling valve 36 again.The outlet port of separator 63 is through pipeline and sequencing valve 64, be connected with the pipeline 37 behind pipeline and the throttling valve 36 again.The waste liquid of interchanger 45 vaporization channel outlet, product hydrogen re-heat channel outlet, the cooling channel import of ammonia synthesis vent gas respectively with pipeline and sequencing valve 38,35,30, more respectively with pipe connection throttling valve 36.The waste liquid of interchanger 43 vaporization channel outlet, product hydrogen re-heat channel outlet, the cooling channel import of ammonia synthesis vent gas respectively with pipeline and sequencing valve 40,33,31, more respectively with pipe connection throttling valve 36.Interchanger 45 ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channel imports are passed through pipeline, sequencing valve 29, are connected the product hydrogen with pipeline 23 again.Interchanger 43 ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channel imports are passed through pipeline, sequencing valve 28, are connected the product hydrogen with pipeline 23 again.Interchanger 45 and the outlet of 43 ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channel are respectively through pipeline and sequencing valve 55,56; Again respectively with the liquefied ammonia import of pipe connection liquid ammonia storage tank 59; The liquefied ammonia relief outlet of liquid ammonia storage tank 59 is connected with the shell side import of interchanger 12 with pipeline through pipeline and throttling valve 58 again.The pressure maintaining valve of liquid ammonia storage tank connects other workshop section.Nitrogen compressor is connected with nitrogen cooler through pipeline, and nitrogen cooler is connected with the booster expansion machine pressurized end through pipeline, and the booster expansion machine pressurized end is connected with the nitrogen precooled passage of interchanger 45,43 respectively through pipeline.The nitrogen precooled passage of interchanger 45 passes through pipeline and sequencing valve 44, is connected with the booster expansion machine refrigeration end with pipeline.The nitrogen precooled passage of interchanger 43 passes through pipeline and sequencing valve 42, is connected with the booster expansion machine refrigeration end with pipeline.The booster expansion machine refrigeration end is connected with the nitrogen cooling channel of interchanger 45,43 respectively through pipeline and sequencing valve 47,49 respectively, and the nitrogen cooling channel of interchanger 45,43 is connected with nitrogen compressor through pipeline respectively.Interchanger 45 and the outlet of 43 ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channel are respectively through pipeline and sequencing valve 55,56; Again respectively with the liquefied ammonia import of pipe connection liquid ammonia storage tank 59; The liquefied ammonia relief outlet of liquid ammonia storage tank 59 is connected with the shell side import of interchanger 12 with pipeline through pipeline and throttling valve 58 again.The liquid ammonia storage tank pressure maintaining valve connects other workshop section.The method that ammonia hydrogen recovery unit of the present invention and ammonia hydrogen reclaim considers that when realizing the frozen ammonia of interchanger 45 or 43 will flow to liquid ammonia storage tank by potential difference after molten ice becomes liquefied ammonia, so the bottom of interchanger 45,43 is higher than the top of separator 61,63 and liquid ammonia storage tank.All throttling valve are connected with instrument air through pipeline with sequencing valve, are connected with a PLC control computer through signal line simultaneously.The method that a kind of ammonia hydrogen recovery unit of the present invention and ammonia hydrogen reclaim; Its concrete grammar is that the backflow cold of re-heat recovery of sweat cooling and the product hydrogen of the liquid methane that utilizes nitrogen circulation swell refrigeration, ethane or propane compression back condensation to utilize carnot's working cycle refrigeration, vortex tube refrigeration and device itself to obtain, liquid nitrogen, liquefied ammonia, liquid argon freezes, and according to the difference of ammonia, methane, nitrogen, argon gas, five kinds of gas boiling points of hydrogen and fusing point, under 22 ± 6 MPa pressure states promptly under the situation of not step-down of ammonia synthesis vent gas; Utilize 13,12,11,10,8 five high pressure pipe shell heat exchangers of interchanger; Wherein interchanger 13 is connected with interchanger 12,11,10,8 tube sides, the parallel connection of interchanger 12,11,10,8 tube sides, and the ammonia synthesis vent gas passes through the tube side of interchanger 13 earlier; Pass through the tube side of interchanger 12,11,10,8 then simultaneously; Earlier the ammonia synthesis vent gas since about 20 ℃ coolings, be cooled to about 65 ± 10 ℃ when interchanger 12,11,10,8 tube sides are gone into separator 18 going out, the ammonia in the ammonia synthesis vent gas is liquefied; Separate under the situation of not step-down through separator 18; The liquefied ammonia that separator 18 is discharged gets into interchanger 12 shell sides through throttling valve 19, and the utilization of liquefied ammonia pressure is resolved the gas throttling valve and is controlled at 1.8 ± 0.6 MPa, and throttling valve 15 is controlled at shell side to the liquefied ammonia liquid level between interchanger 12 pipes and separates below the gassing outlet; Parsing is dissolved in methane, nitrogen, argon gas, the hydrogen in the liquefied ammonia; Cold is provided for simultaneously interchanger 12, reduces the temperature of the ammonia synthesis vent gas of going into interchanger 12, liquefied ammonia goes out interchanger 12 shell sides then; Utilize throttling valve 15 to be depressurized to 0.2 ± 0.15 MPa; Get into the shell side of interchanger 13, utilize the vaporization heat of liquefied ammonia cold to be provided for interchanger 13, reduce the ammonia synthesis vent gas temperature of going into interchanger 13.The ammonia synthesis vent gas that the ammonia synthesis vent gas of going into interchanger 11 tube sides utilizes propane or ethane compressor 22 compressed propanes or ethane to advance then to go into after propane or ethane water cooler 16, condensed propane or the ethane throttling interchanger 11 to feed interchanger 11 tube sides provides auxiliary cold; Utilize out the pressure of the ammonia synthesis vent gas of interchanger 8 shell sides to fall; Be depressurized to 6 ± 1MPa from 22 ± 6 MPa; The ammonia synthesis vent gas that the shell side that the cryogenic gas that utilizes vortex tube 17 cold junctions to discharge gets into interchanger 10 feeds interchanger 10 provides cold; Separator 18 is discharged low temperature ammonia synthesis vent gas and is gone into the ammonia synthesis vent gas that the shell side of interchanger 8 feeds interchanger 8 cold is provided; Ammonia synthesis vent gas 22 ± 6 MPa states realize reclaiming the ammonia purpose down through cooling, separation.Through the ammonia synthesis vent gas after the vortex tube step-down cooling, pressure is 6 ± 1MPa, and cold air is to get into interchanger 45 or 43 ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channels after interchanger 10 provides cold through interchanger 10 shell sides.Through the ammonia synthesis vent gas after the vortex tube step-down intensification, pressure is 6 ± 1MPa, and hot gas gets into interchanger 45 or 43 ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channels through vortex tube hot junction water cooler cooling back.The ammonia synthesis vent gas that gets into interchanger 45 or interchanger 43 is cooled to-180 ± 2 ℃, residue micro-ammonia in the ammonia synthesis vent gas is freezed, most of methane, nitrogen, argon gas are liquefied simultaneously; After separator 61 or separator 63 separation; Get into the waste liquid vaporization passage sweat cooling of interchanger 45 or interchanger 43 through throttling valve 60 or throttling valve 62, thereby provide cold to reduce the temperature of ammonia synthesis vent gas for interchanger 45 or interchanger 43.It is thereby that interchanger 45 or interchanger 43 provide cold to reduce the temperature of ammonia synthesis vent gas that the cryogenic product hydrogen that goes out separator 61 or 63 is gone into the product hydrogen re-heat passage of interchanger 45 or 43.Thereby the cold insufficient section utilizes the nitrogen circulation swell refrigeration to reduce the temperature of ammonia synthesis vent gas through the nitrogen cooling channel of interchanger 45 or interchanger 43 for interchanger 45 or 43 provides auxiliary cold.Before the nitrogen expansion at first in the nitrogen precooled passage precooling of interchanger 45 or interchanger 43.Nitrogen boosts, cools off the back through nitrogen compressor and gets into the supercharging of booster expansion machine pressurized end; Get into the nitrogen precooled passage precooling of interchanger 45 or interchanger 43 then; Get into the booster expansion machine refrigeration end then, go out the nitrogen cooling channel that the booster expansion machine refrigeration end is entered interchanger 45 or 43.The recirculated water that is of cold is provided for nitrogen cooler, vortex tube hot junction water cooler, propane or ethane water cooler; When recirculated water cooling quantity not sufficient or temperature are too high, use liquefied ammonia to be evaporated to nitrogen cooler, vortex tube hot junction water cooler, propane or ethane water cooler in series connection cold is provided.Fusion interchanger 45 or 43 frozen ammonia ice utilize (upstream pressure of control throttling valve 36 is higher than downstream pressure) before the throttling valve 36 waste gas (promptly utilize the mixed gas of methane after the waste liquid vaporization passage vaporization re-heat of interchanger 45 or 43, nitrogen, argon gas, its particular location be sequencing valve 39 or 41 with pipeline that throttling valve 36 is connected on) heat is provided; The solution gas of fusion ammonia ice drains into throttling valve 36 back pipelines 37.Ammonia ice is dissolved to be become and utilizes behind the liquefied ammonia interchanger 45 or interchanger 43 and the potential difference of liquid ammonia storage tank 59 to drain into liquid ammonia storage tank through pipeline and sequencing valve 55 or 56 respectively; When liquid ammonia storage tank reaches the setting liquid level; Throttling valve 58 is opened the shell side import that liquefied ammonia is drained into interchanger 12; When the liquid ammonia storage tank superpressure, the pressure maintaining valve of liquid ammonia storage tank is opened toward other workshop section's release, and pressure just often pressure maintaining valve is closed.When interchanger 45 or interchanger 43 freezed or resistance when increasing, the PLC computer send the instruction that pre-sets utilize throttling valve and sequencing valve clocklike switch realize the switching and the molten ice work of interchanger 45 and interchanger 43.Method that it specifically switches (switching to interchanger 43 from interchanger 45 earlier) is that sequencing valve 52,57 is opened for interchanger 43 and separator 63 boosts (promptly all pressing), boosts and finish back sequencing valve 28 and be opened for interchanger 43 and separator 63 precoolings; Precooling finishes back sequencing valve 28,39,34,47,44 closes, and sequencing valve 53,49,41,32,42 is opened simultaneously.After for some time (the concrete timed interval is set with the device particular case), sequencing valve 52,53,24 cuts out, and sequencing valve 25 is opened simultaneously.Throttling valve 62 is started working when separator 63 liquid levels reach the setting liquid level, and interchanger 43 gets into operational phases with separator 63.At this moment interchanger 45 is in fusion ammonia ice loitering phase with separator 61.Before the fusion ammonia ice, sequencing valve 54 cuts out, and sequencing valve 55 is opened simultaneously; Then sequencing valve 65,38,35 and throttling valve 60 are opened; Utilize out device throttling valve 36 preceding waste gas heat to be provided for interchanger 45, separator 61, fusion ammonia ice, solution gas drains into waste gas through sequencing valve 65; (the concrete timed interval is set with the device particular case) sequencing valve 55 cuts out after for some time, and sequencing valve 30 is opened with sequencing valve 54 and continued dissolved ammonia ice simultaneously.Fusion ammonia ice finishes, and sequencing valve 38,35,30,54,65 and throttling valve 60 are closed.It is following with the implementation step of separator 61 to recycle interchanger 45 once more behind the fusion ammonia ice: sequencing valve 52,54 is opened for interchanger 45, separator 61 boosts (promptly all pressing), and the back sequencing valve 29 that boosts is opened, and is interchanger 45 and separator 61 precoolings.Sequencing valve 29,41,49,32,42 cut out after precooling finished, sequencing valve 39,34,47,53,44 is opened simultaneously.(the concrete timed interval is set with the device particular case) sequencing valve 52,53,25 cuts out after for some time, and sequencing valve 24 is opened simultaneously.Throttling valve 60 is started working when separator 61 liquid levels reach the setting liquid level, and at this moment interchanger 45 is recycled with separator 61 again.Get into then that interchanger 43 is iced with the fusion ammonia of separator 63, boosted, precooling and working stage.Get into next circulation then.The method that ammonia hydrogen recovery unit of the present invention and ammonia hydrogen reclaim adopts five of high pressure pipe shell heat exchangers; The use of connecting with the tube side of interchanger 12,11,10,8 respectively of interchanger 13 tube sides, the tube side of interchanger 12 and the parallelly connected use of the tube side of interchanger 11,10,8.One of liquid ammonia storage tank.Two of five-way road plate-fin heat exchangers; Wherein interchanger 45 with 43 because ammonia can freeze into solid when being lower than-77 ℃ being cooled; Interchanger 45 or 43 long-time use meetings are blocked or make its heat exchange efficiency low because of micro-ammonia freezes; So interchanger 45 is connected with 43 and institute separator 61 and 63 be set to parallelly connected, in turn switching use.When interchanger 45 uses with separator 61, interchanger 43 and separator 63 successively through fusion ammonia ice, boost, the precooling state.When interchanger 45 heat exchange efficiencies are low, switch and use interchanger 43 and separator 63.Simultaneously interchanger 45 and separator 61 successively through fusion ammonia ice, boost, the precooling state.Go round and begin again.Interchanger 45, separator 61 adopt PLC control with the switching and the fusion ammonia ice of interchanger 43, separator 63, utilize throttling valve and sequencing valve to realize.Method and device are furnished with 26, one propane of 27, one nitrogen coolers of a nitrogen compressor or 22, one propane of ethane compressor or 51, one booster expansion machine pressurized ends 50 of 16, one booster expansion machine refrigeration end of ethane water cooler.Respectively one of high pressure pipe shell heat exchanger 13,12,11,10,8, respectively one of five-way road plate-fin heat exchanger 45,43,61,63, one vortex tubes of 18, two liquid traps of a liquefied ammonia separator, a liquid ammonia storage tank 59.Concrete mode connects interchanger 13 tube side imports for the ammonia synthesis vent gas, and the outlet of interchanger 13 tube sides also connects stopping valve 2,3,4,6, and stopping valve 2,3,4,6 connects the tube side import of interchanger 12,11,10,8 respectively; The ammonia synthesis vent gas import of outlet of interchanger 12,11,10,8 tube sides and connection separator 18; Separator 18 ammonia synthesis vent gas downstream end roads 7, pipeline 7 connects the shell side import of interchanger 8, and the shell side outlet of interchanger 8 connects vortex tube 17 inlet ends; Vortex tube 17 cold junctions are taken over road 20; Pipeline 20 connects the shell side import of interchanger 10, and the shell side downstream end road 21 of interchanger 10 connects vortex tube hot junction water cooler 9 simultaneously.Vortex tube hot junction water cooler connects the vortex tube hot junction.Separator 18 liquefied ammonia relief outlets connect throttling valve 19; Throttling valve 19 connects the shell side import of interchanger 12; Interchanger 12 shell sides are separated gassing downstream end road 1 and are promptly separated gassing; The heat exchanger shell pass outlet connects throttling valve 15, and throttling valve 15 connects interchanger 13 shell side imports, and interchanger 13 shell side downstream end roads 14 are the product gas ammonia.Propane or ethane compressor 22 connect propane or ethane water cooler 16 and the outlet of interchanger 11 shell sides respectively, and propane or ethane water cooler 16 connect interchanger 11 shell side imports.Road 5 is taken in the vortex tube hot junction; Pipeline 5 connects vortex tube hot junction water cooler 9; Vortex tube hot junction water cooler 9 adapter roads 21, pipeline 21 also connects sequencing valve 24 and 25, the ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channel of sequencing valve 24 series connection interchanger 45, sequencing valve 54, separator 61 ammonia synthesis vent gas imports.The ammonia synthesis vent gas import of the ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channel of sequencing valve 25 series connection interchanger 43, sequencing valve 57, separator 63.Separator 61 series connection pipelines 46, the product hydrogen re-heat passage of interchanger 45, sequencing valve 34, pipeline 23, product hydrogen.Separator 63 series connection pipelines 48, the product hydrogen re-heat passage of interchanger 43, sequencing valve 32, pipeline 23, product hydrogen.The waste liquid vaporization passage of separator 61 series connection throttling valve 60, interchanger 45, sequencing valve 39, throttling valve 36, pipeline 37, waste gas.The waste liquid vaporization passage of separator 63 series connection throttling valve 62, interchanger 43, sequencing valve 41, throttling valve 36, pipeline 37, waste gas.Separator 61 series connection sequencing valves 65, pipeline 37.Separator 63 series connection sequencing valves 64, pipeline 37.Throttling valve 36 connects sequencing valve 30,35,38,31,33,40 respectively. Sequencing valve 38,35,30,40,33,31 connects the waste liquid vaporization passage of interchanger 45, the product hydrogen re-heat passage of interchanger 45, the ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channel of interchanger 45, the waste liquid vaporization passage of interchanger 43, the product hydrogen re-heat passage of interchanger 43, the ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channel of interchanger 43 respectively.Pipeline 23 connects sequencing valve 29,28, and sequencing valve 29,28 connects the ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channel import of interchanger 45, the ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channel import of interchanger 43 respectively.Pipeline 48 connects sequencing valve 52, sequencing valve 52 adapter roads 46.Sequencing valve 53 connects the waste liquid vaporization channel entrance that connects interchanger 45 and interchanger 43 respectively.Nitrogen compressor 27 connects nitrogen cooler 26; Nitrogen cooler 26 connects booster expansion machine pressurized end 50; Booster expansion machine pressurized end 50 also connects the nitrogen precooled passage of interchanger 45,43, and the nitrogen precooled passage of interchanger 45 connects sequencing valve 44, and the nitrogen precooled passage of interchanger 43 connects sequencing valve 42; Sequencing valve 44 is with sequencing valve 42 and connect booster expansion machine refrigeration end 51, and booster expansion machine refrigeration end 51 connects sequencing valve 47,49 respectively.Nitrogen cooling channel, the nitrogen compressor 27 of sequencing valve 49 series connection interchanger 43, nitrogen cooling channel, the nitrogen compressor 27 of sequencing valve 47 series connection interchanger 45.The liquid ammonia storage tank pressure maintaining valve meets other workshop section.Liquid ammonia storage tank liquefied ammonia relief outlet connects the shell side import of interchanger 12 through throttling valve 58.The import of liquid ammonia storage tank liquefied ammonia, is connected with the ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channel outlet of interchanger 45 through pipeline again through sequencing valve 55 through pipeline again.The import of liquid ammonia storage tank liquefied ammonia, is connected with the ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channel outlet of interchanger 43 through pipeline again through sequencing valve 56 through pipeline again.

The beneficial effect that the present invention can reach is: 1, be the cryogenic gas refrigeration that the vortex tube cold junction obtains when utilizing vaporization heat refrigeration, compression and condensed petrogas or the ethane vaporization heat refrigeration and the step-down of ammonia synthesis vent gas of liquefied ammonia under the state of not step-down of ammonia synthesis vent gas under high pressure conditions; Than after the step-down of ammonia synthesis vent gas again refrigerated separation ammonia more can save cooling load; Reduce the power consumption of cooling load, simultaneously than the cooling load of whole flow process all by the nitrogen circulation swell refrigeration bear more can economy system in the power consumption of compressor.2, the product structure of the ammonia of ammonia synthesis vent gas recovery is changed, become pure ammonia, realized upgrading product, avoided the environmental pollution that causes because of the weak ammonia discharging by ammoniacal liquor.3, it is less that the hydrogen that the ammonia synthesis vent gas is reclaimed contains methane, can reduce the repetition quantity discharged of ammonia synthesis vent gas.4, the product hydrogen pressure that reclaims out of ammonia hydrogen recovery method and device is higher, can be delivered to the level section of compressor elevated pressures, can significantly save power consumption.Adopt the technical scheme of the method for a kind of ammonia hydrogen recovery unit according to the invention and ammonia hydrogen recovery, one-piece construction and techniqueflow are simple, and level of automation is high, good stability, high efficiency.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing 1 is the structural representation of a kind of ammonia hydrogen recovery unit according to the invention.1 - Pipeline 2 - shutoff valve 3 - shutoff valve 4 - valve 5 - Pipeline 6 - shutoff valve 7 - Pipeline 8 - Heat Exchanger 9 - vortex tube hot side cooler 10 - Heat Exchanger 11 - Heat Exchanger 12 - Heat Exchanger 13 - Heat Exchanger 14 - Pipeline 15 - Throttle 16 - propane or ethane cooler 17 - vortex tube 18 - splitter 19 - Throttle 20 - Pipeline 21 - Pipeline 22 - propane or ethane compressor 23 - Pipeline 24 - programmable valve 25 - programmable valve 26 - nitrogen cooler 27 - nitrogen compressor 28 - programmable valve 29 - programmable valve 30 - programmable valve 31 - programmable valve 32 - programmable valve 33 - programmable valve 34 - programmable valve 35 - programmable valve 36 - Throttle 37 - Pipeline 38 - programmable valve 39 - programmable valve 40 - programmable valve 41 - programmable valve 42 - programmable valve 43 ------ exchanger 44 - programmable valve 45 - Heat Exchanger 46 - Pipeline 47 - programmable valve 48 - Pipeline 49 - programmable valve 50 - supercharged supercharger expander end 51 - booster expansion mechanism cold side 52 - programmable valve 53 - programmable valve 54 - programmable valve 55 - programmable valve 56 - programmable valve 57 - programmable valve 58 - Throttle 59 - liquid ammonia tank 60 - Throttle 61 - splitter 62 - throttling valve 63 - splitter 64 - programmable valve 65 - programmable valve.

Embodiment

Existing with reference to accompanying drawing 1; Explain as follows in conjunction with embodiment: the method that a kind of ammonia hydrogen recovery unit of the present invention and ammonia hydrogen reclaim, ammonia hydrogen recovery unit include interchanger 13,12,11,10,8, separator 18,61,63, liquid ammonia storage tank 59, propane or ethane compressor 22, propane or ethane water cooler 16, nitrogen compressor 27, nitrogen cooler 26, vortex tube 17, vortex tube hot junction water cooler 9, booster expansion machine refrigeration end 51, booster expansion machine pressurized end 50, throttling valve 15,19,36,60,58,62, resolve the gas throttling valve, sequencing valve 24,25,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,38,39,40,41,42,44,47,49,52,53,54,55,56,57,64,65,, stopping valve 2,3,4,6 and pipeline 1,5,7,14,20,21,23,37,46,48 and other pipeline.Interchanger 13,12,11,10,8 structures wherein are the high pressure pipe shell-type; Each interchanger is divided into tube side and shell side, and the tube side of interchanger 13,11,10,8 is by reaching the tube side export mixes in tube side import, the pipe, and the front end in the pipe is the tube side import; Rear end in the pipe is the tube side outlet; Shell side is by reaching the shell side export mixes between shell side import, pipe, and the front end between pipe is the shell side import, and the rear end of shell side is the shell side outlet.The tube side of interchanger 12 wherein is by reaching the tube side export mixes in tube side import, the pipe; Front end in the pipe is the tube side import; Rear end in the pipe is the tube side outlet; Shell side by between shell side import, pipe, shell side outlet and shell side separate the gassing export mixes, the front end between pipe is the shell side import, the rear end between pipe is shell side outlet and the outlet of shell side resolver.Wherein the tube side import of interchanger 13,12,11,10,8 is all on the top of interchanger separately; The outlet of the tube side of interchanger 13,12,11,10,8 is all in the bottom of interchanger separately; The outlet of the shell side of interchanger 13,12,11,10,8 is all in top one side of interchanger separately; The shell side import of interchanger 13,12,11,10,8 is all in bottom one side of interchanger separately; Wherein the shell side of interchanger 12 is resolved mouth and is exported on the top of interchanger 12 opposite side, and is higher than the shell side outlet of interchanger 12.Interchanger 45,43 wherein is a five-way road plate-fin heat exchanger, and interchanger 45,43 is made up of ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channel, waste liquid vaporization passage, product hydrogen re-heat passage, nitrogen precooled passage, nitrogen cooling channel respectively.Each passage is all by import, heat exchange fin and export mixes, and import is at the front end of heat exchange fin, and outlet is in the rear end of heat exchange fin.The ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channel wherein and the channel entrance of nitrogen precooled passage are respectively at the different positions place on its interchanger top; Channel outlet is at different positions place, the bottom of its interchanger; The channel entrance of wherein waste liquid vaporization passage, product hydrogen re-heat passage and nitrogen cooling channel is another different positions place in the bottom of its interchanger, and channel outlet is another different positions place on the top of its interchanger.Separator 18 wherein is made up of the import of ammonia synthesis vent gas, the outlet of ammonia synthesis vent gas, liquefied ammonia relief outlet.Separator 61 wherein is made up of the import of ammonia synthesis vent gas, product hydrogen relief outlet, waste liquid relief outlet, outlet port respectively with separator 63.Wherein the ammonia synthesis vent gas import of separator 18 is on the top of separator 18, and the outlet of the ammonia synthesis vent gas of separator 18 is a side on the top of separator 18, and the liquefied ammonia relief outlet of separator 18 is a side in the bottom of separator 18.Separator 61 wherein is made up of the import of ammonia synthesis vent gas, product hydrogen relief outlet, waste liquid relief outlet, outlet port respectively with separator 63; Wherein the ammonia synthesis vent gas import of separator 61 is on the top of separator 61; The product hydrogen relief outlet of separator 61 is a side on the top of separator 61; The waste liquid relief outlet of separator 61 is a side in the bottom of separator 61; The outlet port of separator 61 is in the bottom of separator 61, and wherein the ammonia synthesis vent gas import of separator 63 is on the top of separator 63, and the product hydrogen relief outlet of separator 63 is a side on the top of separator 63; The waste liquid relief outlet of separator 63 is a side in the bottom of separator 63, and the outlet port of separator 63 is in the bottom of separator 63.Liquid ammonia storage tank 59 wherein is made up of liquefied ammonia import, liquefied ammonia relief outlet and pressure maintaining valve, and the liquefied ammonia relief outlet of liquid ammonia storage tank 59 is a side in the bottom of liquid ammonia storage tank 59, and the liquefied ammonia import is on the top of liquid ammonia storage tank 59, and pressure maintaining valve is one side on the top of liquid ammonia storage tank.Vortex tube wherein is made up of inlet end, hot junction, cold junction, and the front end of hot junction and cold junction is inlet end.Booster expansion machine refrigeration end wherein and booster expansion machine pressurized end are made up of the refrigeration end and the pressurized end shaft coupling of a cover booster expansion machine.The tube side import of interchanger 13 is connected to the ammonia synthesis vent gas; The outlet of interchanger 13 shell sides is connected to the product gas ammonia through pipeline 14; Interchanger 13 shell side imports are connected to the outlet of interchanger 12 shell sides through pipeline and throttling valve 15, and the outlet of interchanger 13 tube sides is connected to the tube side import of interchanger 12,11,10,8 simultaneously through pipeline and stopping valve 2,3,4,6.The shell side of interchanger 12 is separated gassing outlet and is connected to through pipeline 1 and separates gassing.The tube side outlet of interchanger 12 is through the tube side outlet of pipe connection to interchanger 11,10,8.The shell side import of interchanger 12 is connected to separator 18 liquefied ammonia relief outlets through pipeline and throttling valve 19.To propane or ethane compressor 22, to propane or ethane water cooler, propane or ethane water cooler 16 are again through the shell side import of pipe connection to interchanger 11 through pipe connection for propane or ethane compressor 22 through pipe connection in the shell side outlet of interchanger 11.The shell side of interchanger 10 exports an end and arrives vortex tube hot junction water cooler 9 through pipe connection; Vortex tube hot junction water cooler 9 is through pipe connection vortex tube hot junction; The vortex tube cold junction is connected to the shell side import of interchanger 10 through pipeline 20, and the vortex tube inlet end is simultaneously through the shell side outlet of pipe connection to interchanger 8.The shell side import of interchanger 8 exports through the ammonia synthesis vent gas that pipeline 7 is connected to separator 18, and the ammonia synthesis vent gas import of separator 18 then is connected with the tube side outlet of interchanger 8,10,11,12 respectively through pipeline.The shell side outlet of interchanger 10 a wherein end is arrived vortex tube hot junction water cooler 9 through pipe connection; The other end respectively through the ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channel of pipeline 21, sequencing valve 24,25, interchanger 45,43, is connected to the ammonia synthesis vent gas import of separator 61,63 respectively again again with pipeline and sequencing valve 54,57.The waste liquid vaporization channel entrance of interchanger 45 connects interchanger 43 waste liquids vaporization channel entrance with pipeline again through pipeline and sequencing valve 53.The waste liquid relief outlet of separator 61 is through pipeline and throttling valve 60, again with the waste liquid vaporization passage of pipeline through interchanger 45, again with pipeline and sequencing valve 39, again with pipeline and throttling valve 36, be connected to waste gas with pipeline 37 again.The waste liquid relief outlet of separator 63 is through pipeline and throttling valve 62, again with the waste liquid vaporization passage of pipeline through interchanger 43, again with pipeline and sequencing valve 41, again with pipeline and throttling valve 36, be connected to waste gas with pipeline 37 again.The product hydrogen relief outlet of separator 61 passes through pipeline and sequencing valve 52, is connected with separator 63 product hydrogen relief outlets with pipeline.The product hydrogen relief outlet of separator 61 with pipeline 46 connect interchanger 45 product hydrogen re-heat passages, again with pipeline and sequencing valve 34, connect the product hydrogen with pipeline 23 again.The product hydrogen relief outlet of separator 63 with pipeline 48 connect interchanger 43 product hydrogen re-heat passages, again with pipeline and sequencing valve 32, connect the product hydrogen with pipeline 23 again.The booster expansion machine refrigeration end is with pipeline, sequencing valve 47, again with the nitrogen cooling channel of pipe connection interchanger 45; The nitrogen cooling channel of interchanger 45 is through pipe connection nitrogen compressor 27; The booster expansion machine refrigeration end is with pipeline, sequencing valve 49, again with the nitrogen cooling channel of pipe connection interchanger 43, and the nitrogen cooling channel of interchanger 43 is through pipe connection nitrogen compressor 27.Nitrogen compressor is through pipe connection nitrogen cooler 26; Nitrogen cooler 26 is through pipe connection booster expansion machine pressurized end 50; Booster expansion machine pressurized end 50 is through the nitrogen precooled passage of pipe connection interchanger 45, and the nitrogen precooled passage of interchanger 45 is through pipeline, sequencing valve 44, again with pipe connection booster expansion machine refrigeration end 51.Booster expansion machine pressurized end 50 is through the nitrogen precooled passage of pipe connection interchanger 43, and the nitrogen precooled passage of interchanger 43 is through pipeline, sequencing valve 42, again with pipe connection booster expansion machine refrigeration end 51.The waste liquid of interchanger 45 vaporization channel outlet, product hydrogen re-heat channel outlet, the cooling channel import of ammonia synthesis vent gas respectively with pipeline and sequencing valve 38,35,30, more respectively with pipe connection throttling valve 36.The waste liquid of interchanger 43 vaporization channel outlet, product hydrogen re-heat channel outlet, the cooling channel import of ammonia synthesis vent gas respectively with pipeline and sequencing valve 40,33,31, more respectively with pipe connection throttling valve 36.Interchanger 45 ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channel imports connect product hydrogen with pipeline 23 again through pipeline, sequencing valve 29.Interchanger 43 ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channel imports connect product hydrogen with pipeline 23 again through pipeline, sequencing valve 28.Interchanger 45 and the outlet of 43 ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channel are respectively through pipeline and sequencing valve 55,56; Again respectively with the liquefied ammonia import of pipe connection liquid ammonia storage tank 59; The liquefied ammonia relief outlet of liquid ammonia storage tank 59 is connected with the shell side import of interchanger 12 with pipeline through pipeline and throttling valve 58 again.The liquid ammonia storage tank pressure maintaining valve connects other workshop section.The bottom of interchanger 45,43 is higher than the top of separator 61,63 and liquid ammonia storage tank.The concrete grammar that ammonia hydrogen reclaims: the backflow cold of re-heat recovery of the sweat cooling of the liquid methane that utilizes nitrogen circulation swell refrigeration, ethane or propane compression back condensation to utilize carnot's working cycle refrigeration, vortex tube refrigeration and device itself to obtain, liquid nitrogen, liquefied ammonia, liquid argon and product hydrogen freezes; And according to the difference of ammonia, methane, nitrogen, argon gas, five kinds of gas boiling points of hydrogen and fusing point; Under 22 ± 6 MPa pressure states, promptly under the situation of not step-down of ammonia synthesis vent gas, utilize 13,12,11,10,8 five high pressure pipe shell heat exchangers of interchanger, wherein interchanger 13 is connected with interchanger 12,11,10,8 tube sides; The parallel connection of interchanger 12,11,10,8 tube sides; The ammonia synthesis vent gas is the tube side through interchanger 13 earlier, the tube side through interchanger 12,11,10,8 simultaneously then, earlier the ammonia synthesis vent gas since about 20 ℃ coolings; When going into separator 18, interchanger 12,11,10,8 tube sides are cooled to about 65 ± 10 ℃ going out; Ammonia in the ammonia synthesis vent gas is liquefied, separates under the situation of not step-down through separator 18, the liquefied ammonia that separator 18 is discharged gets into interchanger 12 shell sides through throttling valve 19; The utilization of liquefied ammonia pressure is resolved the gas throttling valve and is controlled at 1.8 ± 0.6 MPa; Throttling valve 15 is controlled at shell side to the liquefied ammonia liquid level between interchanger 12 pipes and separates below the gassing outlet, resolves and is dissolved in methane, nitrogen, argon gas, the hydrogen in the liquefied ammonia, cold is provided for simultaneously interchanger 12; Reduce the temperature of the ammonia synthesis vent gas of going into interchanger 12; Liquefied ammonia goes out interchanger 12 shell sides then, utilizes throttling valve 15 to be depressurized to 0.2 ± 0.15 MPa, gets into the shell side of interchanger 13; Utilize the vaporization heat of liquefied ammonia cold to be provided for interchanger 13, reduce the ammonia synthesis vent gas temperature of going into interchanger 13.The ammonia synthesis vent gas that the ammonia synthesis vent gas of going into interchanger 11 tube sides utilizes propane or ethane compressor 22 compressed propanes or ethane to advance then to go into after propane or ethane water cooler 16, condensed propane or the ethane throttling interchanger 11 to feed interchanger 11 tube sides provides auxiliary cold; Utilize out the pressure of the ammonia synthesis vent gas of interchanger 8 shell sides to fall; Be depressurized to 6 ± 1MPa from 22 ± 6 MPa; The ammonia synthesis vent gas that the shell side that the cryogenic gas that utilizes vortex tube 17 cold junctions to discharge gets into interchanger 10 feeds interchanger 10 provides cold; Separator 18 is discharged low temperature ammonia synthesis vent gas and is gone into the ammonia synthesis vent gas that the shell side of interchanger 8 feeds interchanger 8 cold is provided; Ammonia synthesis vent gas 22 ± 6 MPa states realize reclaiming the ammonia purpose down through cooling, separation.Through the ammonia synthesis vent gas after the vortex tube step-down cooling, pressure is 6 ± 1MPa, and cold air is to get into interchanger 45 or 43 ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channels after interchanger 10 provides cold through interchanger 10 shell sides.Through the ammonia synthesis vent gas after the vortex tube step-down intensification, pressure is 6 ± 1MPa, and hot gas gets into interchanger 45 or 43 ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channels through vortex tube hot junction water cooler cooling back.The ammonia synthesis vent gas that gets into interchanger 45 or interchanger 43 is cooled to-180 ± 2 ℃, residue micro-ammonia in the ammonia synthesis vent gas is freezed, most of methane, nitrogen, argon gas are liquefied simultaneously; After separator 61 or separator 63 separation; Get into the waste liquid vaporization passage sweat cooling of interchanger 45 or interchanger 43 through throttling valve 60 or throttling valve 62, thereby provide cold to reduce the temperature of ammonia synthesis vent gas for interchanger 45 or interchanger 43.It is thereby that interchanger 45 or interchanger 43 provide cold to reduce the temperature of ammonia synthesis vent gas that the cryogenic product hydrogen that goes out separator 61 or 63 is gone into the product hydrogen re-heat passage of interchanger 45 or 43.Thereby the cold insufficient section utilizes the nitrogen circulation swell refrigeration to reduce the temperature of ammonia synthesis vent gas through the nitrogen cooling channel of interchanger 45 or interchanger 43 for interchanger 45 or 43 provides auxiliary cold.Before the nitrogen expansion at first in the nitrogen precooled passage precooling of interchanger 45 or interchanger 43.Nitrogen boosts, cools off the back through nitrogen compressor and gets into the supercharging of booster expansion machine pressurized end; Get into the nitrogen precooled passage precooling of interchanger 45 or interchanger 43 then; Get into the booster expansion machine refrigeration end then, go out the nitrogen cooling channel that the booster expansion machine refrigeration end is entered interchanger 45 or 43.The recirculated water that is of cold is provided for nitrogen cooler, vortex tube hot junction water cooler, propane or ethane water cooler; When recirculated water cooling quantity not sufficient or temperature are too high, use liquefied ammonia to be evaporated to nitrogen cooler, vortex tube hot junction water cooler, propane or ethane water cooler in series connection cold is provided.Fusion interchanger 45 or 43 frozen ammonia ice utilize (upstream pressure of control throttling valve 36 is higher than downstream pressure) before the throttling valve 36 waste gas (promptly utilize the mixed gas of methane after the waste liquid vaporization passage vaporization re-heat of interchanger 45 or 43, nitrogen, argon gas, its particular location be sequencing valve 39 or 41 with pipeline that throttling valve 36 is connected on) heat is provided; The solution gas of fusion ammonia ice drains into throttling valve 36 back pipelines 37.Ammonia ice is dissolved to be become and utilizes behind the liquefied ammonia interchanger 45 or interchanger 43 and the potential difference of liquid ammonia storage tank 59 to drain into liquid ammonia storage tank through pipeline and sequencing valve 55 or 56 respectively; When liquid ammonia storage tank reaches the setting liquid level; Throttling valve 58 is opened the shell side import that liquefied ammonia is drained into interchanger 12; When the liquid ammonia storage tank superpressure, the pressure maintaining valve of liquid ammonia storage tank is opened toward other workshop section's release, and pressure just often pressure maintaining valve is closed.When interchanger 45 or interchanger 43 freezed or resistance when increasing, the PLC computer send the instruction that pre-sets utilize throttling valve and sequencing valve clocklike switch realize the switching and the molten ice work of interchanger 45 and interchanger 43.Method that it specifically switches (switching to interchanger 43 from interchanger 45 earlier) is that sequencing valve 52,57 is opened for interchanger 43 and separator 63 boosts (promptly all pressing), boosts and finish back sequencing valve 28 and be opened for interchanger 43 and separator 63 precoolings; Precooling finishes back sequencing valve 28,39,34,47,44 closes, and sequencing valve 53,49,41,32,42 is opened simultaneously.After for some time (the concrete timed interval is set with the device particular case), sequencing valve 52,53,24 cuts out, and sequencing valve 25 is opened simultaneously.Throttling valve 62 is started working when separator 63 liquid levels reach the setting liquid level, and interchanger 43 gets into operational phases with separator 63.At this moment interchanger 45 is in fusion ammonia ice loitering phase with separator 61.Before the fusion ammonia ice, sequencing valve 54 cuts out, and sequencing valve 55 is opened simultaneously; Then sequencing valve 65,38,35 and throttling valve 60 are opened; Utilize out device throttling valve 36 preceding waste gas heat to be provided for interchanger 45, separator 61, fusion ammonia ice, solution gas drains into waste gas through sequencing valve 65; (the concrete timed interval is set with the device particular case) sequencing valve 55 cuts out after for some time, and sequencing valve 30 is opened with sequencing valve 54 and continued dissolved ammonia ice simultaneously.Fusion ammonia ice finishes, and sequencing valve 38,35,30,54,65 and throttling valve 60 are closed.It is following with the implementation step of separator 61 to recycle interchanger 45 once more behind the fusion ammonia ice: sequencing valve 52,54 is opened for interchanger 45, separator 61 boosts (promptly all pressing), and the back sequencing valve 29 that boosts is opened, and is interchanger 45 and separator 61 precoolings.Sequencing valve 29,41,49,32,42 cut out after precooling finished, sequencing valve 39,34,47,53,44 is opened simultaneously.(the concrete timed interval is set with the device particular case) sequencing valve 52,53,25 cuts out after for some time, and sequencing valve 24 is opened simultaneously.Throttling valve 60 is started working when separator 61 liquid levels reach the setting liquid level, and at this moment interchanger 45 is recycled with separator 61 again.Get into then that interchanger 43 is iced with the fusion ammonia of separator 63, boosted, precooling and working stage.Get into next circulation then.

The present invention is achieved in that the method that a kind of ammonia hydrogen recovery unit and ammonia hydrogen reclaim; Comprise interchanger 13,12,11,10,8,45,43; Separator 18,61,63; Liquid ammonia storage tank 59; Nitrogen compressor 27, nitrogen cooler 26; Propane or ethane compressor 22, propane or ethane water cooler 16, booster expansion machine refrigeration end 51 and booster expansion machine pressurized end 50; Vortex tube 17, vortex tube hot junction water cooler 9, the connecting tube between throttling valve 15,19,36,58,60,62, parsing gas throttling valve, sequencing valve 24,25,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,38,39,40,41,42,44,47,49,52,53,54,55,56,57,64,65, stopping valve 2,3,4,6 and above-mentioned various interchanger, various separator, liquid ammonia storage tank, various water cooler, throttling valve, sequencing valve and the stopping valve.Interchanger 13,12,11,10,8 structures wherein are the high pressure pipe shell-type; Each interchanger is divided into tube side and shell side, and by reaching the tube side export mixes in tube side import, the pipe, the front end in the pipe is the tube side import to the tube side of interchanger 13,11,10,8 respectively; Rear end in the pipe is the tube side outlet; Shell side is by reaching the shell side export mixes between shell side import, pipe, and the front end between pipe is the shell side import, and the rear end of shell side is the shell side outlet.The tube side of interchanger 12 wherein is by reaching the tube side export mixes in tube side import, the pipe; Front end in the pipe is the tube side import; Rear end in the pipe is the tube side outlet; Shell side by between shell side import, pipe, shell side outlet and shell side separate the gassing export mixes, the front end between pipe is the shell side import, the rear end between pipe is shell side outlet and the outlet of shell side resolver.Wherein the tube side import of interchanger 13,12,11,10,8 is all on the top of interchanger separately; The outlet of the tube side of interchanger 13,12,11,10,8 is all in the bottom of interchanger separately; The outlet of the shell side of interchanger 13,12,11,10,8 is all in top one side of interchanger separately; The shell side import of interchanger 13,12,11,10,8 is all in bottom one side of interchanger separately; Wherein the shell side of interchanger 12 is resolved mouth and is exported on the top of interchanger 12 opposite side, and is higher than the shell side outlet of interchanger 12.The medium that passes through in interchanger 13,12,11,10,8 tube sides is the ammonia synthesis vent gas, the ammonia synthesis vent gas after the medium that interchanger 13,12,11,10,8 shell sides pass through is respectively liquefied ammonia and gas ammonia mixture, liquefied ammonia and separates gassing, petrogas or ethane and lowers the temperature with gaseous propane or ethane mixtures, the step-down of branch ammonia backwash pipe, the ammonia synthesis vent gas behind the branch ammonia.Interchanger 45,43 is a five-way road aluminum plate-fin heat exchanger, and interchanger 45,43 is made up of ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channel, waste liquid vaporization passage, product hydrogen re-heat passage, nitrogen precooled passage, nitrogen cooling channel respectively.Each passage is all by import, heat exchange fin and export mixes, and import is at the front end of heat exchange fin, and outlet is in the rear end of heat exchange fin.The ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channel wherein and the channel entrance of nitrogen precooled passage are respectively at the different positions place on its interchanger top; Channel outlet is at different positions place, the bottom of its interchanger; The channel entrance of wherein waste liquid vaporization passage, product hydrogen re-heat passage and nitrogen cooling channel is another different positions place in the bottom of its interchanger, and channel outlet is another different positions place on the top of its interchanger.Separator 18 wherein is made up of the import of ammonia synthesis vent gas, the outlet of ammonia synthesis vent gas, liquefied ammonia relief outlet.Liquid ammonia storage tank 59 wherein is made up of liquefied ammonia import, liquefied ammonia relief outlet and pressure maintaining valve, and the liquefied ammonia relief outlet of liquid ammonia storage tank 59 is a side in the bottom of liquid ammonia storage tank 59, and the liquefied ammonia import is on the top of liquid ammonia storage tank 59, and pressure maintaining valve is one side on the top of liquid ammonia storage tank.Separator 61 wherein is made up of the import of ammonia synthesis vent gas, product hydrogen relief outlet, waste liquid relief outlet, outlet port respectively with separator 63.Wherein the ammonia synthesis vent gas import of separator 18 is on the top of separator 18, and the outlet of the ammonia synthesis vent gas of separator 18 is a side on the top of separator 18, and the liquefied ammonia relief outlet of separator 18 is a side in the bottom of separator 18.Separator 61 wherein is made up of the import of ammonia synthesis vent gas, product hydrogen relief outlet, waste liquid relief outlet, outlet port respectively with separator 63; Wherein the ammonia synthesis vent gas import of separator 61 is on the top of separator 61; The product hydrogen relief outlet of separator 61 is a side on the top of separator 61; The waste liquid relief outlet of separator 61 is a side in the bottom of separator 61; The outlet port of separator 61 is in the bottom of separator 61, and wherein the ammonia synthesis vent gas import of separator 63 is on the top of separator 63, and the product hydrogen relief outlet of separator 63 is a side on the top of separator 63; The waste liquid relief outlet of separator 63 is a side in the bottom of separator 63, and the outlet port of separator 63 is in the bottom of separator 63.Vortex tube wherein is made up of inlet end, hot junction, cold junction, and the front end of hot junction and cold junction is inlet end.Booster expansion machine refrigeration end wherein and booster expansion machine pressurized end are made up of the refrigeration end and the pressurized end shaft coupling of a cover booster expansion machine.The use of connecting with interchanger 12,11,10,8 tube sides of the tube side of interchanger 13, the tube side parallel connection of interchanger 12,11,10,8 is used.Two five-way road plate- fin heat exchangers 45,43 and connect separator 61,63 and switch in turn and use.The ammonia synthesis vent gas is cooled under high pressure 22 ± 6 MPa states and the flow line of Separation and Recovery ammonia connects interchanger 13 tube side imports for the ammonia synthesis vent gas; The outlet of interchanger 13 tube sides connects interchanger 12,11,10,8 tube side imports respectively then, and the outlet of interchanger 12,11,10,8 tube sides connects separator 18 ammonia synthesis vent gas imports respectively.The ammonia synthesis vent gas that goes out separator 18 connects interchanger 8 shell side imports, and the ammonia synthesis vent gas that goes out the outlet of interchanger 8 shell sides connects vortex tube 17 inlet ends, goes out vortex tube cold junction ammonia synthesis vent gas and is depressurized to 6 ± 1MPa; Take over 20 then; Go out pipeline 20 and connect interchanger 10 shell side imports, go out the outlet of interchanger 10 shell sides and be connected with pipeline 21, ammonia synthesis vent gas in vortex tube hot junction is depressurized to 6 ± 1MPa; Connect vortex tube hot junction water cooler 9 then, vortex tube hot junction water cooler 9 adapter roads 21.Water cooler 9 adapter roads 21 gases mix the back connects interchanger 45 ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channels and interchanger 43 respectively through pipeline 21 and sequencing valve ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channel.Ammonia synthesis vent gas micro-ammonia is freezed and the flow line of recover hydrogen is that the ammonia synthesis vent gas that interchanger 10 shell sides export mixes the back connects interchanger 45 ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channels and interchanger 43 respectively through pipeline 21 and sequencing valve ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channel with the ammonia synthesis vent gas of vortex tube hot junction water cooler at pipeline 21.The ammonia synthesis vent gas continues to be cooled to-180 ± 2 ℃ under 6 ± 1MPa pressure state then.The residue micro-ammonia of ammonia synthesis vent gas is freezed in realization, liquefied methane, nitrogen, argon gas, and separating liquid methane, liquid nitrogen, liquid argon, thus reach the purpose of recover hydrogen.Be respectively for interchanger 13,12,11,10,8,45,43 provides the mode of cold: the liquefied ammonia that separator 18 liquefied ammonia relief outlets are discharged discharges through interchanger 12 shell sides goes into interchanger 13 shell side sweat coolings after separating gassing; The liquefied ammonia that separator 18 liquefied ammonia relief outlets are discharged is gone into interchanger 12 shell side heat exchange refrigeration; The propane of compressor 22 compressions or ethane are gone into interchanger 11 shell sides and are utilized petrogas or ethane sweat cooling after propane or 16 condensations of ethane water cooler; The ammonia synthesis vent gas utilizes after through interchanger 8 shell sides vortex tube 17 to obtain for interchanger 10 cold to be provided behind the cryogenic gases; It is that interchanger 8 provides cold that the low temperature ammonia synthesis vent gas that separator 18 is discharged is gone into interchanger 8 shell sides, and the cryogenic product hydrogen that liquid methane, liquid nitrogen, liquid argon sweat cooling and the separator 63 product hydrogen relief outlets that the cryogenic product hydrogen that liquid methane, liquid nitrogen, liquid argon sweat cooling and the separator 61 product hydrogen relief outlets that the cryogenic gas that booster expansion machine refrigeration end 51 is discharged, separator 61 waste liquid relief outlets are discharged are discharged is interchanger 45 cryogenic gas that cold, booster expansion machine refrigeration end 51 are provided discharge, separator 63 waste liquid relief outlets are discharged are discharged is that interchanger 43 provides cold.For nitrogen cooler, vortex tube hot junction water cooler, propane or ethane water cooler provide cold for recirculated water, when recirculated water cooling quantity not sufficient or temperature were too high, adopting with the liquefied ammonia evaporation in series connection provided cold.Concrete mode of connection: concrete mode connects interchanger 13 tube side imports for the ammonia synthesis vent gas; Interchanger 13 tube sides outlets is respectively through pipeline and stopping valve 2,3,4,6, connect the tube side import of interchanger 12,11,10,8 respectively again with pipeline, the tube side outlet of interchanger 12,11,10,8 connects the ammonia synthesis vent gas import of separator 18 respectively through pipeline.The liquefied ammonia relief outlet of separator 18 passes through pipeline and throttling valve 19, is connected with the shell side import of interchanger 12 with pipeline.The shell side outlet of interchanger 11 is connected with propane or ethane compressor 22 through pipeline.Propane or ethane compressor are connected with propane or ethane water cooler 16 through pipeline.Propane or ethane water cooler 16 are connected with interchanger 11 shell side imports through pipeline.The outlet of interchanger 13 shell sides is connected with the product gas ammonia through pipeline 14.The shell side of interchanger 12 separate gassing outlet through pipeline 1 with separate gassing and be connected.The shell side outlet of interchanger 12 is passed through pipeline and throttling valve 15, is connected with interchanger 13 shell side imports with pipeline.The ammonia synthesis vent gas outlet of separator 18 connects the shell side import of interchanger 8 through pipeline 7; The shell side outlet of interchanger 8 is through pipe connection vortex tube inlet end; The hot junction of vortex tube connects vortex tube hot junction water cooler 9 through pipeline 5; The cold junction of vortex tube is connected with interchanger 10 shell side imports through pipeline 20; The shell side outlet of interchanger 10 is connected with vortex tube hot junction water cooler through pipeline one end, and the other end is connected with the ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channel of interchanger 45,43 respectively through pipeline 21 and sequencing valve 24,25.The ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channel of interchanger 45,43 connects the ammonia synthesis vent gas import of separator 61,63 respectively through pipeline and sequencing valve 54,57, the product hydrogen relief outlet of separator 61 is connected with the product hydrogen relief outlet of separator 63 with pipeline through pipeline and sequencing valve 52 again.The product hydrogen re-heat passage of the product hydrogen relief outlet of separator 61 through pipe connection interchanger 45, again with pipeline and sequencing valve 34, connect the product hydrogen with pipeline 23 again.The product hydrogen re-heat passage of the product hydrogen relief outlet of separator 63 through pipe connection interchanger 43, again with pipeline and sequencing valve 32, connect the product hydrogen with pipeline 23 again.The waste liquid relief outlet of separator 61 through pipeline and throttling valve 60, again with pipeline connect the waste liquid vaporization passage of interchanger 45, again with sequencing valve 39, again with pipeline and throttling valve 36, connect waste gas with pipeline 37 again.The waste liquid relief outlet of separator 63 connects the waste liquid vaporization passage of interchanger 43 again through pipeline and throttling valve 62 with pipeline, again with sequencing valve 41, again with pipeline and throttling valve 36, connect waste gas with pipeline 37 again.The outlet port of separator 61 passes through pipeline and sequencing valve 65, takes over road 37 to waste gas with pipeline again.The outlet port of separator 63 passes through pipeline and sequencing valve 64, takes over the road to waste gas with pipeline again.The waste liquid of interchanger 45 vaporization channel outlet, product hydrogen re-heat channel outlet, the cooling channel import of ammonia synthesis vent gas respectively with pipeline and sequencing valve 38,35,30, more respectively with pipe connection throttling valve 36.The waste liquid of interchanger 43 vaporization channel outlet, product hydrogen re-heat channel outlet, the cooling channel import of ammonia synthesis vent gas respectively with pipeline and sequencing valve 40,33,31, more respectively with pipe connection throttling valve 36.Interchanger 45 ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channel imports are passed through pipeline, sequencing valve 29, are connected the product hydrogen with pipeline 23 again.Interchanger 43 ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channel imports are passed through pipeline, sequencing valve 28, are connected the product hydrogen with pipeline 23 again.Interchanger 45 and the outlet of 43 ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channel are respectively through pipeline and sequencing valve 55,56; Again respectively with the liquefied ammonia import of pipe connection liquid ammonia storage tank 59; The liquefied ammonia relief outlet of liquid ammonia storage tank 59 is connected with the shell side import of interchanger 12 with pipeline through pipeline and throttling valve 58 again.The bottom of interchanger 45,43 is higher than the top of separator 61,63 and liquid ammonia storage tank.The liquid ammonia storage tank pressure maintaining valve connects other pipeline.Nitrogen compressor 22 is connected with nitrogen cooler 16 through pipeline, and nitrogen cooler 16 is connected 50 through pipeline with the booster expansion machine pressurized end, and booster expansion machine pressurized end 50 is connected with the nitrogen precooled passage of interchanger 45,43 respectively through pipeline.The nitrogen precooled passage of interchanger 45 passes through pipeline and sequencing valve 44, is connected with booster expansion machine refrigeration end 51 with pipeline.The nitrogen precooled passage of interchanger 43 passes through pipeline and sequencing valve 42, is connected with booster expansion machine refrigeration end 51 with pipeline.The booster expansion machine refrigeration end is connected with the nitrogen cooling channel of interchanger 45,43 respectively through pipeline and sequencing valve 47,49 respectively, and the nitrogen cooling channel of interchanger 45,43 is connected with nitrogen compressor 27 through pipeline respectively.Interchanger 45 and the outlet of 43 ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channel are respectively through pipeline and sequencing valve 55,56; Again respectively with the liquefied ammonia import of pipe connection liquid ammonia storage tank 59; The liquefied ammonia relief outlet of liquid ammonia storage tank 59 is connected with the shell side import of interchanger 12 with pipeline through pipeline and throttling valve 58 again.The bottom of interchanger 45,43 is higher than the top of separator 61,63 and liquid ammonia storage tank 59.The pressure maintaining valve of liquid ammonia storage tank connects other workshop section.All throttling valve are connected with instrument air through pipeline with sequencing valve, are connected with a PLC control computer through signal line simultaneously.The method that a kind of ammonia hydrogen recovery unit of the present invention and ammonia hydrogen reclaim; Its concrete grammar is that the backflow cold of re-heat recovery of sweat cooling and the product hydrogen of the liquid methane that utilizes nitrogen circulation swell refrigeration, ethane or propane compression back condensation to utilize carnot's working cycle refrigeration, vortex tube refrigeration and device itself to obtain, liquid nitrogen, liquefied ammonia, liquid argon freezes, and according to the difference of ammonia, methane, nitrogen, argon gas, five kinds of gas boiling points of hydrogen and fusing point, under 22 ± 6 MPa pressure states promptly under the situation of not step-down of ammonia synthesis vent gas; Utilize 13,12,11,10,8 five high pressure pipe shell heat exchangers of interchanger; Wherein interchanger 13 is connected with interchanger 12,11,10,8 tube sides, the parallel connection of interchanger 12,11,10,8 tube sides, and the ammonia synthesis vent gas passes through the tube side of interchanger 13 earlier; Pass through the tube side of interchanger 12,11,10,8 then simultaneously; Earlier the ammonia synthesis vent gas since about 20 ℃ coolings, be cooled to about 65 ± 10 ℃ when interchanger 12,11,10,8 tube sides are gone into separator 18 going out, the ammonia in the ammonia synthesis vent gas is liquefied; Separate under the situation of not step-down through separator 18; The liquefied ammonia that separator 18 is discharged gets into interchanger 12 shell sides through throttling valve 19, and the utilization of liquefied ammonia pressure is resolved the gas throttling valve and is controlled at 1.8 ± 0.6 MPa, and throttling valve 15 is controlled at shell side to the liquefied ammonia liquid level between interchanger 12 pipes and separates below the gassing outlet; Parsing is dissolved in methane, nitrogen, argon gas, the hydrogen in the liquefied ammonia; Cold is provided for simultaneously interchanger 12, reduces the temperature of the ammonia synthesis vent gas of going into interchanger 12, liquefied ammonia goes out interchanger 12 shell sides then; Utilize throttling valve 15 to be depressurized to 0.2 ± 0.15 MPa; Get into the shell side of interchanger 13, utilize the vaporization heat of liquefied ammonia cold to be provided for interchanger 13, reduce the ammonia synthesis vent gas temperature of going into interchanger 13.The ammonia synthesis vent gas that the ammonia synthesis vent gas of going into interchanger 11 tube sides utilizes propane or ethane compressor 22 compressed propanes or ethane to advance then to go into after propane or ethane water cooler 16, condensed propane or the ethane throttling interchanger 11 to feed interchanger 11 tube sides provides auxiliary cold; Utilize out the pressure of the ammonia synthesis vent gas of interchanger 8 shell sides to fall; Be depressurized to 6 ± 1MPa from 22 ± 6 MPa; The ammonia synthesis vent gas that the shell side that the cryogenic gas that utilizes vortex tube 17 cold junctions to discharge gets into interchanger 10 feeds interchanger 10 provides cold; Separator 18 is discharged low temperature ammonia synthesis vent gas and is gone into the ammonia synthesis vent gas that the shell side of interchanger 8 feeds interchanger 8 cold is provided; Ammonia synthesis vent gas 22 ± 6 MPa states realize reclaiming the ammonia purpose down through cooling, separation.Through the ammonia synthesis vent gas after the vortex tube step-down cooling, pressure is 6 ± 1MPa, and cold air is to get into interchanger 45 or 43 ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channels after interchanger 10 provides cold through interchanger 10 shell sides.Through the ammonia synthesis vent gas after the vortex tube step-down intensification, pressure is 6 ± 1MPa, and hot gas gets into interchanger 45 or 43 ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channels through vortex tube hot junction water cooler cooling back.The ammonia synthesis vent gas that gets into interchanger 45 or interchanger 43 is cooled to-180 ± 2 ℃, residue micro-ammonia in the ammonia synthesis vent gas is freezed, most of methane, nitrogen, argon gas are liquefied simultaneously; After separator 61 or separator 63 separation; Get into the waste liquid vaporization passage sweat cooling of interchanger 45 or interchanger 43 through throttling valve 60 or throttling valve 62, for interchanger 45 or interchanger 43 provide cold.The product hydrogen re-heat passage that the cryogenic product hydrogen that goes out separator 61 or 63 is gone into interchanger 45 or 43 is that interchanger 45 or interchanger 43 provide cold.The cold insufficient section utilizes the nitrogen circulation swell refrigeration for interchanger 45 or 43 auxiliary cold to be provided through the nitrogen cooling channel of interchanger 45 or interchanger 43; Before the nitrogen expansion at first in the nitrogen precooled passage precooling of interchanger 45 or interchanger 43.Nitrogen boosts, cools off the back through nitrogen compressor and gets into the supercharging of booster expansion machine pressurized end; Get into the nitrogen precooled passage of interchanger 45 or interchanger 43 then; Get into the booster expansion machine refrigeration end then, go out the nitrogen cooling channel that the booster expansion machine refrigeration end is entered interchanger 45 or 43 respectively.Fusion interchanger 45 or 43 frozen ammonia ice utilize the waste gas (mixed gas of the methane after the re-heat of promptly vaporizing, nitrogen, argon gas) before the throttling valve 36 that heat is provided; The solution gas of fusion ammonia ice drains into the pipeline (being pipeline 37) of throttling valve 36 back.Ammonia ice is dissolved to drain into liquid ammonia storage tank 59 through pipeline and sequencing valve 55 or 56 respectively after becoming liquefied ammonia; When liquid ammonia storage tank 59 reaches the setting liquid level; Throttling valve 58 is opened the shell side import that liquefied ammonia is drained into interchanger 12; When liquid ammonia storage tank 59 superpressures, the pressure maintaining valve of liquid ammonia storage tank 59 is opened to other workshop section's release.When interchanger 45 or interchanger 43 freezed or resistance when increasing, the PLC computer send the instruction that pre-sets utilize throttling valve and sequencing valve clocklike switch realize the switching and the molten ice work of interchanger 45 and interchanger 43.The method of changing that it specifically cuts (switching to interchanger 43 from interchanger 45 earlier) is that sequencing valve 52,57 is opened for interchanger 43 and separator 63 boosts (promptly all pressing), boosts and finish back sequencing valve 28 and be opened for interchanger 43 and separator 63 precoolings; Precooling finishes back sequencing valve 28,39,34,47,44 closes, and sequencing valve 53,49,41,32,42 is opened simultaneously.After for some time (the concrete timed interval is set with the device particular case), sequencing valve 52,53,24 cuts out, and sequencing valve 25 is opened simultaneously.Throttling valve 62 is started working when separator 63 liquid levels reach the setting liquid level, and interchanger 43 gets into operational phases with separator 63.At this moment interchanger 45 is in fusion ammonia ice loitering phase with separator 61.Before the fusion ammonia ice, sequencing valve 54 cuts out, and sequencing valve 55 is opened simultaneously; Then sequencing valve 65,38,35 and throttling valve 60 are opened; Utilize out device throttling valve 36 preceding waste gas heat to be provided for interchanger 45, separator 61, fusion ammonia ice, solution gas drains into pipeline 37 to waste gas through sequencing valve 65; (the concrete timed interval is set with the device particular case) sequencing valve 55 cuts out after for some time, and sequencing valve 30 is opened with sequencing valve 54 and continued dissolved ammonia ice simultaneously.Fusion ammonia ice finishes, and sequencing valve 38,35,30,54,65 and throttling valve 60 are closed.It is following with the implementation step of separator 61 to recycle interchanger 45 once more behind the fusion ammonia ice: sequencing valve 52,54 is opened for interchanger 45, separator 61 boosts (promptly all pressing), and the back sequencing valve 29 that boosts is opened, and is interchanger 45 and separator 61 precoolings.Sequencing valve 29,41,49,32,42 cut out after precooling finished, sequencing valve 39,34,47,53,44 is opened simultaneously.(the concrete timed interval is set with the device particular case) sequencing valve 52,53,25 cuts out after for some time, and sequencing valve 24 is opened simultaneously.Throttling valve 60 is started working when separator 61 liquid levels reach the setting liquid level, and at this moment interchanger 45 is recycled with separator 61 again.Get into then that interchanger 43 is iced with the fusion ammonia of separator 63, boosted, precooling and working stage.Get into next circulation then.The method that ammonia hydrogen recovery unit of the present invention and ammonia hydrogen reclaim adopts five of high pressure pipe shell heat exchangers; The use of connecting with the tube side of interchanger 12,11,10,8 respectively of interchanger 13 tube sides, the tube side of interchanger 12 and the parallelly connected use of the tube side of interchanger 11,10,8.One of liquid ammonia storage tank.Two of five-way road plate-fin heat exchangers; Wherein interchanger 45 with 43 because ammonia can freeze into solid when being lower than-77 ℃ being cooled; Interchanger 45 or 43 long-time use meetings are blocked or make its heat exchange efficiency low because of micro-ammonia freezes; So interchanger 45 is connected with 43 and institute separator 61 and 63 be set to parallelly connected, in turn switching use.When interchanger 45 uses with separator 61, interchanger 43 and separator 63 successively through fusion ammonia ice, boost, the precooling state.When interchanger 45 heat exchange efficiencies are low, switch and use interchanger 43 and separator 63.Simultaneously interchanger 45 and separator 61 successively through fusion ammonia ice, boost, the precooling state.Go round and begin again.Interchanger 45, separator 61 adopt PLC control with the switching and the fusion ammonia ice of interchanger 43, separator 63, utilize throttling valve and sequencing valve to realize.Method and device are furnished with 26, one propane of 27, one nitrogen coolers of a nitrogen compressor or ethane compressor 22; Propane or 51, one booster expansion machine pressurized ends 50 of 16, one booster expansion machine refrigeration end of ethane water cooler; A vortex tube, respectively one of high pressure pipe shell heat exchanger 13,12,11,10,8, respectively one of five-way road plate- fin heat exchanger 45,43; 61,63, one liquid ammonia storage tanks 59 of 18, two liquid traps of a liquefied ammonia separator.Concrete mode connects interchanger 13 tube side imports for the ammonia synthesis vent gas, and the outlet of interchanger 13 tube sides also connects stopping valve 2,3,4,6, and stopping valve 2,3,4,6 connects the tube side import of interchanger 12,11,10,8 respectively; The ammonia synthesis vent gas import of outlet of interchanger 12,11,10,8 tube sides and connection separator 18; Separator 18 ammonia synthesis vent gas downstream end roads 7, pipeline 7 connects the shell side import of interchanger 8, and the shell side outlet of interchanger 8 connects vortex tube 17 inlet ends; Vortex tube 17 cold junctions are taken over road 20; Pipeline 20 connects the shell side import of interchanger 10, and the shell side downstream end road 21 of interchanger 10 connects vortex tube hot junction water cooler 9 simultaneously.Vortex tube hot junction water cooler connects the vortex tube hot junction.Separator 18 liquefied ammonia relief outlets connect throttling valve 19; Throttling valve 19 connects the shell side import of interchanger 12; Interchanger 12 shell sides are separated gassing downstream end road 1 and are promptly separated gassing; The heat exchanger shell pass outlet connects throttling valve 15, and throttling valve 15 connects interchanger 13 shell side imports, and interchanger 13 shell side downstream end roads 14 are the product gas ammonia.Propane or ethane compressor 22 connect propane or ethane water cooler 16 and the outlet of interchanger 11 shell sides respectively, and propane or ethane water cooler 16 connect interchanger 11 shell side imports.Road 5 is taken in the vortex tube hot junction; Pipeline 5 connects vortex tube hot junction water cooler 9; Vortex tube hot junction water cooler 9 adapter roads 21, pipeline 21 also connects sequencing valve 24 and 25, the ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channel of sequencing valve 24 series connection interchanger 45, sequencing valve 54, separator 61 ammonia synthesis vent gas imports.The ammonia synthesis vent gas import of the ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channel of sequencing valve 25 series connection interchanger 43, sequencing valve 57, separator 63.Separator 61 series connection pipelines 46, the product hydrogen re-heat passage of interchanger 45, sequencing valve 34, pipeline 23, product hydrogen.Separator 63 series connection pipelines 48, the product hydrogen re-heat passage of interchanger 43, sequencing valve 32, pipeline 23, product hydrogen.The waste liquid vaporization passage of separator 61 series connection throttling valve 60, interchanger 45, sequencing valve 39, throttling valve 36, pipeline 37, waste gas.The waste liquid vaporization passage of separator 63 series connection throttling valve 62, interchanger 43, sequencing valve 41, throttling valve 36, pipeline 37, waste gas.Separator 61 series connection sequencing valves 65, pipeline 37.Separator 63 series connection sequencing valves 64, pipeline 37.Throttling valve 36 connects sequencing valve 30,35,38,31,33,40 respectively. Sequencing valve 38,35,30,40,33,31 connects the waste liquid vaporization passage of interchanger 45, the product hydrogen re-heat passage of interchanger 45, the ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channel of interchanger 45, the waste liquid vaporization passage of interchanger 43, the product hydrogen re-heat passage of interchanger 43, the ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channel of interchanger 43 respectively.Pipeline 23 connects sequencing valve 29,28, and sequencing valve 29,28 connects the ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channel import of interchanger 45, the ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channel import of interchanger 43 respectively.Pipeline 48 connects sequencing valve 52, sequencing valve 52 adapter roads 46.Sequencing valve 53 connects the waste liquid vaporization passage that connects interchanger 45 and interchanger 43 respectively.Nitrogen compressor 27 connects nitrogen cooler 26; Nitrogen cooler 26 connects booster expansion machine pressurized end 50; Booster expansion machine pressurized end 50 also connects the nitrogen precooled passage of interchanger 45,43, and the nitrogen precooled passage of interchanger 45 connects sequencing valve 44, and the nitrogen precooled passage of interchanger 43 connects sequencing valve 42; Sequencing valve 44 is with sequencing valve 42 and connect booster expansion machine refrigeration end 51, and booster expansion machine refrigeration end 51 connects sequencing valve 47,49 respectively.Nitrogen cooling channel, the nitrogen compressor 27 of sequencing valve 49 series connection interchanger 43, nitrogen cooling channel, the nitrogen compressor 27 of sequencing valve 47 series connection interchanger 45.The liquid ammonia storage tank pressure maintaining valve connects other workshop section.Liquid ammonia storage tank liquefied ammonia relief outlet connects the shell side import of interchanger 12 through throttling valve 58.The import of liquid ammonia storage tank liquefied ammonia, is connected with the ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channel outlet of interchanger 45 through pipeline again through sequencing valve 55 through pipeline again.The import of liquid ammonia storage tank liquefied ammonia, is connected with the ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channel outlet of interchanger 43 through pipeline again through sequencing valve 56 through pipeline again.The ammonia synthesis vent gas gets into the tube side of interchanger 13, and pressure-controlling is at 22 ± 6 MPa, and temperature is about 20 ℃; The ammonia synthesis vent gas is drained into the liquefied ammonia sweat cooling of interchanger 13 shell sides through interchanger 12 shell sides by device separator 18; The ammonia synthesis vent gas goes out interchanger 13 tube sides, and then and link the tube side of interchanger 12,11,10,8, utilize separator 18 to discharge liquefied ammonia respectively to go into interchanger 12 shell side heat exchange refrigeration, the propane or the ethane of propane or 22 compressions of ethane compressor are gone into the sweat cooling that interchanger 11 shell sides utilize petrogas or ethane after propane or the condensation of ethane water cooler; It is that interchanger 10 provides cold that the ammonia synthesis vent gas is gone into interchanger 10 shell sides through vortex tube 17 acquisition cryogenic gases; It is that interchanger 8 provides cold that the low temperature ammonia synthesis vent gas that the outlet of separator 18 ammonia synthesis vent gas is discharged is gone into interchanger 8 shell sides, and after the parallel connection of ammonia synthesis vent gas went out the tube side of interchanger 12,11,10,8, temperature was reduced to about 65 ± 10 ℃; After the liquefied ammonia that is condensed is gone into separator 18 separation; Separator 18 isolated liquefied ammonia are through the shell side of throttling valve 19 entering interchanger 12, and the utilization of liquefied ammonia pressure is resolved the gas throttling valve and is controlled at 1.8 ± 0.6 MPa, and throttling valve 15 is controlled at shell side to the liquefied ammonia liquid level between interchanger 12 pipes and separates below the gassing outlet; Parsing is dissolved in methane, nitrogen, argon gas, the hydrogen in the liquefied ammonia; Cold is provided for simultaneously interchanger 12, reduces the temperature of the ammonia synthesis vent gas of going into interchanger 12, liquefied ammonia goes out interchanger 12 shell sides then; Utilize throttling valve 15 to be depressurized to 0.2 ± 0.15 MPa; Get into the shell side of interchanger 13, utilize the vaporization heat of liquefied ammonia cold to be provided for interchanger 13, reduce the ammonia synthesis vent gas temperature of going into interchanger 13.Go out the device ammonolysis product that degass after the liquefied ammonia vaporization.After ammonia synthesis vent gas after the separation of ammonia passes through the shell side of shell side, vortex tube 17, interchanger 10 of interchanger 8 successively; Go out interchanger 10 shell sides and get into the ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channel of interchanger 45 or the ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channel of interchanger 43, liquid methane, liquid nitrogen, liquid argon sweat cooling, the product hydrogen that utilizes separator 61 or separator 63 to discharge backflows, and re-heat recovery cold freezes, the cryogenic gas refrigeration of booster expansion machine refrigeration end 51 discharges.The ammonia synthesis vent gas is cooled to-180 ± 2 ℃.The ammonia synthesis vent gas remains micro-ammonia and is frozen on the fin of interchanger 45 or 43, the separation that is liquefied of methane, nitrogen, argon gas major part, and remaining hydrogen reclaims to go out device behind the cold and remove product hydrogen through interchanger 45 or interchanger 43 re-heats.The liquid methane that separator 61 or separator 63 waste liquid relief outlets are discharged, liquid nitrogen, liquid argon get into interchanger 45 or interchanger 43 through throttling valve 60 or throttling valve 62, and the sweat cooling of performance liquid methane, liquid nitrogen, liquid argon act as interchanger 45 or interchanger 43 provides cold.The nitrogen that nitrogen compressor 27 is discharged is after going into 50 superchargings of booster expansion machine pressurized end after water cooler 26 coolings; Go into interchanger 45 or interchanger 43 precoolings then; The nitrogen that goes out interchanger 45 or interchanger 43 is gone into booster expansion machine swell refrigeration end 51; The cryogenic gas that goes out booster expansion machine swell refrigeration end 51 is gone into interchanger 45 or interchanger 43, provides to go into nitrogen compressor 27 behind the cold and compress the back recycle again.When interchanger 45 lowly need switch with increase of interchanger 43 resistances or heat exchange efficiency, implementation step was gone into down: the PLC computer sends to pre-set to instruct and utilizes throttling valve and the sequencing valve switch realization clocklike interchanger 45 and the switching of interchanger 43 to reach molten ice work.Method that it specifically switches (switching to interchanger 43 from interchanger 45 earlier) is that sequencing valve 52,57 is opened for interchanger 43 and separator 63 boosts (promptly all pressing), boosts and finish back sequencing valve 28 and be opened for interchanger 43 and separator 63 precoolings; Precooling finishes back sequencing valve 28,39,34,47,44 closes, and sequencing valve 53,49,41,32,42 is opened simultaneously.After for some time (the concrete timed interval is set with the device particular case), sequencing valve 52,53,24 cuts out, and sequencing valve 25 is opened simultaneously.Throttling valve 62 is started working when separator 63 liquid levels reach the setting liquid level, and interchanger 43 gets into operational phases with separator 63.At this moment interchanger 45 is in fusion ammonia ice loitering phase with separator 61.Before the fusion ammonia ice, sequencing valve 54 cuts out, and sequencing valve 55 is opened simultaneously; Then sequencing valve 65,38,35 and throttling valve 60 are opened; Utilize out device throttling valve 36 preceding waste gas heat to be provided for interchanger 45, separator 61, fusion ammonia ice, solution gas drains into waste gas through sequencing valve 65; (the concrete timed interval is set with the device particular case) sequencing valve 55 cuts out after for some time, and sequencing valve 30 is opened with sequencing valve 54 and continued dissolved ammonia ice simultaneously.Fusion ammonia ice finishes, and sequencing valve 38,35,30,54,65 and throttling valve 60 are closed.It is following with the implementation step of separator 61 to recycle interchanger 45 once more behind the fusion ammonia ice: sequencing valve 52,54 is opened for interchanger 45, separator 61 boosts (promptly all pressing), and the back sequencing valve 29 that boosts is opened, and is interchanger 45 and separator 61 precoolings.Sequencing valve 29,41,49,32,42 cut out after precooling finished, sequencing valve 39,34,47,53,44 is opened simultaneously.(the concrete timed interval is set with the device particular case) sequencing valve 52,53,25 cuts out after for some time, and sequencing valve 24 is opened simultaneously.Throttling valve 60 is started working when separator 61 liquid levels reach the setting liquid level, and at this moment interchanger 45 is recycled with separator 61 again.Get into then that interchanger 43 is iced with the fusion ammonia of separator 63, boosted, precooling and working stage.Get into next circulation then.Adopt the technical scheme of the method for a kind of ammonia hydrogen recovery unit according to the invention and ammonia hydrogen recovery, one-piece construction and techniqueflow are simple, and level of automation is high, good stability, high efficiency.

Claims (9)

1. the method that reclaims of ammonia hydrogen recovery unit and ammonia hydrogen; The backflow cold of re-heat recovery of the sweat cooling of the liquid methane that it is characterized in that utilizing nitrogen circulation swell refrigeration, ethane or propane compression back condensation to utilize carnot's working cycle refrigeration, vortex tube refrigeration and device itself obtaining, liquid nitrogen, liquefied ammonia, liquid argon and product hydrogen freezes; And according to the difference of ammonia, methane, nitrogen, argon gas, five kinds of gas boiling points of hydrogen and fusing point; Under 22 ± 6 MPa pressure states, promptly under the situation of not step-down of ammonia synthesis vent gas, utilize interchanger (13), (12), (11), (10), (8) five high pressure pipe shell heat exchangers, wherein interchanger (13) is connected with interchanger (12), (11), (10), (8) tube side; Interchanger (12), (11), (10), the parallel connection of (8) tube side; The ammonia synthesis vent gas is the tube side through interchanger (13) earlier, the tube side through interchanger (12), (11), (10), (8) simultaneously then, earlier the ammonia synthesis vent gas since about 20 ℃ coolings; Be cooled to about 65 ± 10 ℃ when going into separator (18) going out interchanger (12), (11), (10), (8) tube side; Ammonia in the ammonia synthesis vent gas is liquefied, separates under the situation of not step-down through separator (18), the liquefied ammonia that separator (18) is discharged gets into interchanger (12) shell side through throttling valve (19); The utilization of liquefied ammonia pressure is resolved the gas throttling valve and is controlled at 1.8 ± 0.6 MPa; Throttling valve (15) is controlled at shell side to the liquefied ammonia liquid level between interchanger (12) pipe and separates below the gassing outlet, resolves and is dissolved in methane, nitrogen, argon gas, the hydrogen in the liquefied ammonia, cold is provided for simultaneously interchanger (12); Reduce the temperature of the ammonia synthesis vent gas of going into interchanger (12); Liquefied ammonia goes out interchanger (12) shell side then, utilizes throttling valve (15) to be depressurized to 0.2 ± 0.15 MPa, gets into the shell side of interchanger (13); Utilize the vaporization heat of liquefied ammonia cold to be provided for interchanger (13), reduce the ammonia synthesis vent gas temperature of going into interchanger (13); The ammonia synthesis vent gas that the ammonia synthesis vent gas of going into interchanger (11) tube side utilizes propane or ethane compressor (22) compressed propane or ethane to advance then to go into after propane or ethane water cooler (16), condensed propane or the ethane throttling interchanger (11) to feed interchanger (11) tube side provides auxiliary cold; Utilize out the pressure of the ammonia synthesis vent gas of interchanger (8) shell side to fall; Be depressurized to 6 ± 1MPa from 22 ± 6 MPa; The ammonia synthesis vent gas that the shell side that the cryogenic gas that utilizes vortex tube (17) cold junction to discharge gets into interchanger (10) feeds interchanger (10) provides cold; Separator (18) is discharged low temperature ammonia synthesis vent gas and is gone into the ammonia synthesis vent gas that the shell side of interchanger (8) feeds interchanger (8) cold is provided; Ammonia synthesis vent gas 22 ± 6 MPa states realize reclaiming the ammonia purpose down through cooling, separation; Through the ammonia synthesis vent gas after the vortex tube step-down cooling, pressure is 6 ± 1MPa, and cold air is to get into interchanger (45) or (43) ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channel after interchanger (10) provides cold through interchanger (10) shell side; Through the ammonia synthesis vent gas after the vortex tube step-down intensification, pressure is 6 ± 1MPa, and hot gas gets into interchanger (45) or (43) ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channel through vortex tube hot junction water cooler cooling back; The ammonia synthesis vent gas that gets into interchanger (45) or interchanger (43) is cooled to-180 ± 2 ℃, residue micro-ammonia in the ammonia synthesis vent gas is freezed, most of methane, nitrogen, argon gas are liquefied simultaneously; After separator (61) or separator (63) separation; Get into the waste liquid vaporization passage sweat cooling of interchanger (45) or interchanger (43) through throttling valve (60) or throttling valve (62), for interchanger (45) or interchanger (43) thus provide cold to reduce the temperature of ammonia synthesis vent gas; The product hydrogen re-heat passage that the cryogenic product hydrogen that goes out separator (61) or (63) is gone into interchanger (45) or (43) is interchanger (45) or interchanger (43) thereby provides cold to reduce the temperature of ammonia synthesis vent gas; The cold insufficient section utilizes the nitrogen cooling channel of nitrogen circulation swell refrigeration through interchanger (45) or interchanger (43) be interchanger (45) or (43) thus provide auxiliary cold to reduce the temperature of ammonia synthesis vent gas; Before the nitrogen expansion at first in the nitrogen precooled passage precooling of interchanger (45) or interchanger (43); Nitrogen boosts, cools off the back through nitrogen compressor and gets into the supercharging of booster expansion machine pressurized end; Get into the nitrogen precooled passage precooling of interchanger (45) or interchanger (43) then; Get into the booster expansion machine refrigeration end then, go out the nitrogen cooling channel that the booster expansion machine refrigeration end is entered interchanger (45) or (43); The recirculated water that is of cold is provided for nitrogen cooler, vortex tube hot junction water cooler, propane or ethane water cooler; When recirculated water cooling quantity not sufficient or temperature are too high, use liquefied ammonia to be evaporated to nitrogen cooler, vortex tube hot junction water cooler, propane or ethane water cooler in series connection cold is provided; The frozen ammonia of fusion interchanger (45) or (43) ice utilizes throttling valve (36) waste gas of preceding (upstream pressure of control throttling valve (36) is higher than downstream pressure) (promptly utilize the mixed gas of methane after the waste liquid vaporization passage vaporization re-heat of interchanger (45) or (43), nitrogen, argon gas, its particular location is on sequencing valve (39) or (41) and pipeline that throttling valve (36) is connected) that heat is provided; The solution gas of fusion ammonia ice drains into throttling valve (36) back pipeline (37); Ammonia ice is dissolved to be become the potential difference of utilizing interchanger (45) or interchanger (43) and liquid ammonia storage tank (59) behind the liquefied ammonia and drains into liquid ammonia storage tank through pipeline and sequencing valve (55) or (56) respectively; When liquid ammonia storage tank reaches the setting liquid level; Throttling valve (58) is opened the shell side import that liquefied ammonia is drained into interchanger (12); When the liquid ammonia storage tank superpressure, the pressure maintaining valve of liquid ammonia storage tank is opened toward other workshop section's release, and pressure just often pressure maintaining valve is closed; When interchanger (45) or interchanger (43) are freezed or resistance when increasing, the PLC computer send the instruction that pre-sets utilize throttling valve and sequencing valve clocklike switch realize the switching and the molten ice work of interchanger (45) and interchanger (43); It specifically switches [switching to interchanger (43) from interchanger (45) earlier] method is that sequencing valve (52), (57) are opened for interchanger (43) and separator (63) boosts (promptly all pressing), the end back sequencing valve (28) that boosts is opened for interchanger (43) and separator (63) precooling; Sequencing valve (28), (39), (34), (47), (44) were closed after precooling finished, and open sequencing valve (53), (49), (41), (32), (42) simultaneously; After for some time (the concrete timed interval is set with the device particular case), sequencing valve (52), (53), (24) are closed, and sequencing valve (25) is opened simultaneously; Throttling valve (62) is started working when separator (63) liquid level reaches the setting liquid level, and interchanger (43) gets into operational phase with separator (63); At this moment interchanger (45) is in fusion ammonia ice loitering phase with separator (61); Before the fusion ammonia ice; Sequencing valve (54) cuts out; Sequencing valve (55) is opened simultaneously, and then open with throttling valve (60) sequencing valve (65), (38), (35), and utilizing out the preceding waste gas of device throttling valve (36) is that interchanger (45), separator (61) provide heat; Fusion ammonia ice; Solution gas drains into waste gas through sequencing valve (65), and (the concrete timed interval is set with the device particular case) sequencing valve (55) cuts out after for some time, and sequencing valve (30) is opened with sequencing valve (54) and continued dissolved ammonia ice simultaneously; Fusion ammonia ice finishes, and sequencing valve (38), (35), (30), (54), (65) are closed with throttling valve (60); It is following with the implementation step of separator (61) to recycle interchanger (45) once more behind the fusion ammonia ice: sequencing valve (52), (54) are opened for interchanger (45), separator (61) boost (promptly all pressing); The back sequencing valve (29) that boosts is opened, and is interchanger (45) and separator (61) precooling; Sequencing valve (29), (41), (49), (32), (42) were closed after precooling finished, open sequencing valve (39), (34), (47), (53), (44) simultaneously; (the concrete timed interval is set with the device particular case) sequencing valve (52), (53), (25) are closed after for some time, and sequencing valve (24) is opened simultaneously; Throttling valve (60) is started working when separator (61) liquid level reaches the setting liquid level, and at this moment interchanger (45) is recycled with separator (61) again; The fusion ammonia that gets into interchanger (43) and separator (63) is then iced, is boosted, precooling and working stage; Get into next circulation then.

2. the method that a kind of ammonia hydrogen recovery unit according to claim 1 and ammonia hydrogen reclaim; It is characterized in that being to make the ammonia synthesis vent gas be cooled to 65 ± 10 ℃ under the ammonia synthesis vent gas pressure situation of not falling under high pressure 22 ± 6 MPa pressure states; High pressure separates down then; Realize reclaiming earlier the purpose of ammonia, make synthetic vent gas be cooled to-180 ± 2 ℃ under 6 ± 1MPa pressure state being depressurized to then, freeze ammonia, liquefied methane, nitrogen, argon gas and then recover hydrogen; The fusing point of considering ammonia is-77 ℃; When being lower than-77 ℃ ammonia will freeze stop up back segment five-way road plate-fin heat exchanger (45), (43) but for the nitrogen in the further synthetic vent gas of liquefied ammonia, methane, argon gas so that recover hydrogen; So must reduce to temperature-180 ± 2 ℃, result in blockage or heat exchange efficiency is low, plate-fin heat exchanger has adopted two interchanger (45) parallelly connected with (43) in back segment five-way road in the present invention, and switch in turn according to the variation of its heat exchange efficiency or resistance and to use and fuse ammonia ice in turn, all press and take turns the method for precooling, the LP of implement device in turn and move continuously in order to prevent that micro-ammonia in the five-way road plate-fin heat exchanger from freezing; The control of liquid level and pressure adopts throttling valve or variable valve to realize, two five-way road plate-fin heat exchangers switch in turn use, fuse in turn ammonia ice, in turn all press and in turn precooling adopt the switch realization clocklike of sequencing valve and throttling valve.

3. a kind of ammonia hydrogen recovery unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that the product hydrogen relief outlet of separator (61) is connected with the product hydrogen relief outlet of separator (63) with pipeline through pipeline and sequencing valve (52) again.

4. a kind of ammonia hydrogen recovery unit according to claim 1, the shell side of interchanger (12) are separated gassing outlet and are connected to through pipeline (1) and separate gassing.

5. a kind of ammonia hydrogen recovery unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that the bottom of interchanger (45), (43) is higher than the top of separator (61), (63) and liquid ammonia storage tank.

6. a kind of ammonia hydrogen recovery unit according to claim 1, the waste liquid vaporization channel outlet, product hydrogen re-heat channel outlet, the cooling channel import of ammonia synthesis vent gas that it is characterized in that interchanger (45) respectively with pipeline and sequencing valve (38), (35), (30), more respectively with pipe connection throttling valve (36); The waste liquid of interchanger (43) vaporization channel outlet, product hydrogen re-heat channel outlet, the cooling channel import of ammonia synthesis vent gas respectively with pipeline and sequencing valve (40), (33), (31), more respectively with pipe connection throttling valve (36).

7. a kind of ammonia hydrogen recovery unit according to claim 1; The shell side outlet that it is characterized in that interchanger (8) connects vortex tube (17) inlet end; Vortex tube (17) cold junction is taken over road (20); Pipeline (20) connects the shell side import of interchanger (10), and the shell side downstream end road (21) of interchanger (10) connects vortex tube hot junction water cooler (9) simultaneously.

8. a kind of ammonia hydrogen recovery unit according to claim 1; Pipeline and sequencing valve (55), (56) are passed through in the ammonia synthesis vent gas cooling channel outlet that it is characterized in that interchanger (45) and (43) respectively; Again respectively with the liquefied ammonia import of pipe connection liquid ammonia storage tank (59); The liquefied ammonia relief outlet of liquid ammonia storage tank (59) is connected with the shell side import of pipeline with interchanger (12) through pipeline and throttling valve (58) again.

9. a kind of ammonia hydrogen recovery unit according to claim 1, the waste liquid vaporization channel entrance that it is characterized in that interchanger (45) connects interchanger (43) waste liquid vaporization channel entrance with pipeline again through pipeline and sequencing valve (53).

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