Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of crocodile meat protein antioxidant polypeptide powder.
Another purpose of the present invention is to provide the preparation method of above-mentioned crocodile meat protein antioxidant polypeptide powder.
Realize that technical scheme of the present invention is following:
A kind of crocodile meat protein antioxidant polypeptide powder prepares according to following method:
1) freezing crocodile meat is thawed, cleans up, remove adipose tissue, place meat grinder to stir into meat gruel, get the crocodile meat gruel;
2) in gained crocodile meat gruel, add 2~5 times water according to weight ratio, in 90~95 ℃ of water-baths, be incubated 10~15min then, again in 8000~10000rpm down with homogeneous dispersion machine homogenate 3~5min, must crocodile meat homogenate;
3) regulating step 2) pH of the crocodile meat homogenate of gained is 7.0~7.5; Temperature is 50~55 ℃, is that 1: 500~1000 ratio adds compound protease in crocodile meat homogenate according to the mass ratio of compound protease and crocodile meat gruel then, and reaction 0.3~3h then is hydrolyzed under 50~55 ℃, pH 7.0~7.5 conditions; Again at 90~95 ℃ of insulation 5~10min; Be cooled to room temperature then,, get supernatant cooled enzymolysis liquid centrifugal 5~10min under 1000~2000g; The supernatant via hole diameter is the ceramic membrane ultrafitration of 4ku, collects filtrating, gets hydrolysate; Described compound protease is made up of papain, AS1398 neutral proteinase and flavor protease, wherein papain: the AS1398 neutral proteinase: the mass ratio of flavor protease is 1: 1: 2; Wherein when hydrolysis, the speed of changeing with per minute 30~50 stirs;
4) to the hydrolysate process spray-drying or the vacuum and low temperature freeze drying of step 3) gained, obtain crocodile meat protein antioxidant polypeptide powder.
Crocodile meat described in the above-mentioned crocodile meat protein antioxidant polypeptide powder step 1) is preferably the crocodile meat of high-quality.
PH described in the above-mentioned crocodile meat protein antioxidant polypeptide powder step 3) is preferably pH 7.0; Described temperature is preferably 50 ℃.
RCF described in the above-mentioned crocodile meat protein antioxidant polypeptide powder step 3) is preferably 1500g.
The preferred vacuum and low temperature freeze drying of drying mode described in the above-mentioned crocodile meat protein antioxidant polypeptide powder step 4).
Papain, AS1398 neutral proteinase and flavor protease described in the above-mentioned crocodile meat protein antioxidant polypeptide powder step 3) can be bought on market.Like papain and the flavor protease that Pang Bo biological Co., Ltd in Nanning city produces, the AS1398 neutral proteinase that the magnificent prosperous and powerful Bioisystech Co., Ltd in east, Beijing produces.
The preparation method of above-mentioned crocodile meat protein antioxidant polypeptide powder comprises the steps:
1) freezing crocodile meat is thawed, cleans up, remove adipose tissue, place meat grinder to be twisted into meat gruel, get the crocodile meat gruel;
2) in gained crocodile meat gruel, add 2~5 times water according to weight ratio, in 90~95 ℃ of water-baths, be incubated 10~15min then, again in 8000~10000rpm down with homogeneous dispersion machine homogenate 3~5min, must crocodile meat homogenate;
3) regulating step 2) pH of the crocodile meat homogenate of gained is 7.0~7.5; Temperature is 50~55 ℃, is that 1: 500~1000 ratio adds compound protease in crocodile meat homogenate according to the mass ratio of compound protease and crocodile meat gruel then, and reaction 0.3~3h then is hydrolyzed under 50~55 ℃, pH 7.0~7.5 conditions; Again at 90~95 ℃ of insulation 5~10min; Be cooled to room temperature then,, get supernatant cooled enzymolysis liquid centrifugal 5~10min under 1000~2000g; The supernatant via hole diameter is the ceramic membrane ultrafitration of 4ku, collects filtrating, gets hydrolysate; Described compound protease is made up of papain, AS1398 neutral proteinase and flavor protease, wherein papain: the AS1398 neutral proteinase: the mass ratio of flavor protease is 1: 1: 2; Wherein when hydrolysis, the speed of changeing with per minute 30~50 stirs;
4) to the hydrolysate process spray-drying or the vacuum and low temperature freeze drying of step 3) gained, obtain crocodile meat protein antioxidant polypeptide powder.
Crocodile meat described in above-mentioned preparation method's step 1) is preferably high-quality crocodile meat.
PH described in above-mentioned preparation method's step 3) is preferably pH 7.0; Described temperature is preferably 50 ℃.
RCF described in above-mentioned preparation method's step 3) is preferably 1500g.
The preferred vacuum and low temperature freeze drying of drying mode described in above-mentioned preparation method's step 4).
The application of crocodile meat protein antioxidant polypeptide powder of the present invention can be used as functional food, natural.
The purposes of described crocodile meat protein antioxidant polypeptide powder aspect anti-oxidant.
Compared with prior art; Advantage that the present invention has and beneficial effect: (1) crocodile meat of the present invention protein antioxidant polypeptide powder has stronger non-oxidizability; Show that through antioxidation in vitro property mensuration result its DPPH removes that ability can reach more than 88%, the ferrous ion sequestering power can reach more than 90% under 5mg/ml concentration.(2) crocodile meat protein antioxidant polypeptide powder of the present invention also has good processing characteristics, its pH be 4.0 with pH be 7.0 o'clock, (93 ℃, 5 minutes) dissolubility still can reach more than 93% after heat treatment, pH is that 7.0 o'clock emulsifying activity index can reach 60g/m
2More than, can be widely used in the food industry.(3) crocodile meat protein antioxidant polypeptide powder of the present invention, the complex enzyme zymohydrolysis preparation of adopting food-grade papain, AS1398 neutral proteinase and flavor protease to form, organoleptic attribute is excellent; Enzymolysis product is a milky; Whole color and luster is consistent, and no foreign odor is easy to accepted by the consumer.(4) the present invention adopts food-grade papain, AS1398 neutral proteinase and flavor protease complex enzyme hydrolysis, under temperate condition, prepares, and product has higher security.(5) preparation method's enzymolysis cycle of the present invention is short, enzyme dosage is low, effectively practiced thrift the energy and reduced cost.(6) compare with single enzyme enzymolysis, complex enzyme hydrolysis effectively improves the bitter off-flavors of polypeptide powder, and the complex enzyme hydrolysis product has stronger anti-oxidant, processing characteristics simultaneously.
The specific embodiment
With specific embodiment the present invention is described further below, but does not constitute any restriction of the present invention.
The preparation of embodiment 1 crocodile meat protein antioxidant polypeptide powder
Carry out according to following steps:
1) freezing crocodile meat is thawed, clean up, remove adipose tissue, place meat grinder to be twisted into meat gruel, get the crocodile meat gruel.
2) in 500g crocodile meat gruel, add the water of 2000g, in 90 ℃ of water-baths, be incubated 10min then, again under 9000rpm with homogeneous dispersion machine (FW2000 homogeneous dispersion machine, Shanghai Fu Luke company, as follows) homogenate 5min, must crocodile meat homogenate.
3) pH that regulates crocodile meat homogenate is 7.0, temperature is 50 ℃; The ratio that according to mass ratio between compound protease and the crocodile meat gruel is 1: 500 adds compound protease 1g in the rotten homogenate of crocodile; Papain (the biological Co., Ltd of Nanning city Pang Bo is arranged in the compound protease; As follows) 0.25g, neutral proteinase (the magnificent prosperous and powerful Bioisystech Co., Ltd in east, Beijing, as follows) 0.25g and flavor protease (Nanning city Pang Bo biology Co., Ltd, as follows) 0.5g; In pH 7, temperature is the reaction 0.5h that is hydrolyzed under 50 ℃ of conditions, at 90 ℃ of insulation 5min, is cooled to room temperature then again; With cooled enzymolysis liquid (TDE-40B desk centrifuge centrifugal under 1500g; Anting Scientific Instrument Factory, Shanghai, as follows) 10min, supernatant got; The supernatant via hole diameter is the ceramic membrane ultrafitration of 4ku, collects filtrating, gets hydrolysate; Wherein when hydrolysis, the speed of changeing with per minute 30 stirs.
4) to the hydrolysate process vacuum and low temperature freeze drying (FD-1PF, development in science and technology Co., Ltd is helped in moral sky, Beijing) of step 3) gained, obtain crocodile meat protein antioxidant polypeptide powder 78g.
The preparation of embodiment 2 crocodile meat protein antioxidant polypeptide powders
Carry out according to following steps:
1) freezing crocodile meat is thawed, clean up, remove adipose tissue, place meat grinder to be twisted into meat gruel, get the crocodile meat gruel.
2) in 1000g crocodile meat gruel, add the water of 3000g, in 90 ℃ of water-baths, be incubated 15min then, then under 10000rpm with homogeneous dispersion machine homogenate 5min, must crocodile meat homogenate.
3) regulating step 2) pH of the crocodile meat homogenate of gained is 7.5, temperature is 55 ℃; According to mass ratio between compound protease and the crocodile meat gruel is that 1: 500 ratio adds compound protease 2.0g in crocodile meat gruel homogenate, contains papain 0.5g, neutral proteinase 0.5g and flavor protease 1.0g in the compound protease; The reaction 0.3h that under 55 ℃, pH 7.5 conditions, is hydrolyzed at 90 ℃ of insulation 5min, is cooled to room temperature more then, with cooled enzymolysis liquid centrifugal 10min under 1500g, gets supernatant; The supernatant via hole diameter is the ceramic membrane ultrafitration of 4ku, collects filtrating, gets hydrolysate; Wherein when hydrolysis, the speed of changeing with per minute 50 stirs.
4) to the hydrolysate process vacuum and low temperature freeze drying (FD-1PF, development in science and technology Co., Ltd is helped in moral sky, Beijing) of step 3) gained, obtain crocodile meat protein antioxidant polypeptide powder 161g.
The preparation of embodiment 3 crocodile meat protein antioxidant polypeptide powders
Carry out according to following steps:
1) freezing crocodile meat is thawed, clean up, remove adipose tissue, place meat grinder to be twisted into meat gruel, get the crocodile meat gruel.
2) in 1600g crocodile meat gruel, add the water of 4800g, in 90 ℃ of water-baths, be incubated 15min, then under 10000rpm with homogeneous dispersion machine homogenate 5min, must crocodile meat homogenate.
3) regulating step 2) pH of the crocodile meat homogenate of gained is 7.0, temperature is 55 ℃; According to mass ratio between compound protease and the crocodile meat gruel is that 1: 800 ratio adds compound protease (papain: neutral proteinase: the ratio of flavor protease is 1: 1: 2) 2.0g in crocodile meat gruel homogenate, contains papain 0.5g, neutral proteinase 0.5g and flavor protease 1.0g in the compound protease; The reaction 1.0h that under 55 ℃, pH 7.0 conditions, is hydrolyzed at 90 ℃ of insulation 5min, is cooled to room temperature more then, with cooled enzymolysis liquid centrifugal 10min under 2000g, gets supernatant; The supernatant via hole diameter is the ceramic membrane ultrafitration of 4ku, collects filtrating, gets hydrolysate; Wherein when hydrolysis, the speed of changeing with per minute 40 stirs.
4) to the hydrolysate process vacuum and low temperature freeze drying of step 3) gained, obtain crocodile meat protein antioxidant polypeptide powder 260g.
The DPPH radical scavenging activity test of embodiment 4 crocodile meat protein antioxidant polypeptide powders
Carry out according to following method: the crocodile meat protein antioxidant polypeptide powder of getting embodiment 1,2,3 preparations respectively; Use rectifying water compound concentration to be the enzymolysis product of 5mg/mL liquid to be measured; Get the ethanol mixing of 1.50mL liquid to be measured and 1.50mL 99.5% (volume fraction), add the DPPH ethanolic solution concussion mixing of 0.375mL 0.02% (mass fraction).Under the room temperature behind the darkroom reaction 60min in the absorbance of 517nm place detection reaction liquid.It is following to remove DPPH free radical ability computing formula:
DPPH free radical scavenging activity/%=(1-A
1/ A
2) * 100
A wherein
1Be the light absorption value of sample sets under 517nm; A
2Be the light absorption value of control group under 517nm.The antioxidation polypeptide powder of acetonideexample 1 its DPPH removing ability under 5mg/ml concentration is 88.7%; The antioxidation polypeptide powder of embodiment 2 its DPPH removing ability under 5mg/ml concentration is 89.1%; The antioxidation polypeptide powder of embodiment 3 its DPPH removing ability under 5mg/ml concentration is 88.6%.Explain that crocodile meat protein antioxidant polypeptide powder of the present invention has stronger non-oxidizability, its DPPH removing ability can reach more than 88% under 5mg/ml concentration.
The ferrous ion sequestering power determination test of embodiment 5 crocodile meat protein antioxidant polypeptide powders
Carry out according to following method: the crocodile protein antioxidant polypeptide powder of getting embodiment 1,2,3 preparations respectively; Use rectifying water compound concentration to be the enzymolysis product of 5mg/mL liquid to be measured, get liquid 1.0mL to be measured and 3.7mL concentration and be 99.5% absolute ethyl alcohol and 0.1mL 2mM FeCl
2Mixing, the coffee alloxazine 0.2mL that adds 5mM starts reaction, at room temperature leaves standstill 20 minutes, detects light absorption value then in the 562nm source, and the more little expression metal-chelating of light absorption value ability is strong more.Replace enzymolysis product solution with the 0.1mL deionized water in the control group.The computing formula of ferrous ion sequestering power is following:
Fe
2+Chelation percent (%)=(1-A
1/ A
2) * 100%,
A wherein
1Be the light absorption value of sample sets under 562nm; A
2Be the light absorption value of control group under 562nm.
The antioxidation polypeptide powder of acetonideexample 1 its ferrous ion sequestering power under 5mg/ml concentration is 90.4%; The antioxidation polypeptide powder of embodiment 2 its ferrous ion sequestering power under 5mg/ml concentration is 90.8%; The antioxidation polypeptide powder of embodiment 3 its ferrous ion sequestering power under 5mg/ml concentration is 90.5%.Explain that crocodile meat protein antioxidant polypeptide powder of the present invention has stronger non-oxidizability, its ferrous ion sequestering power reaches more than 90% under 5mg/ml concentration.
The dissolubility test of embodiment 6 crocodile meat protein antioxidant polypeptide powders
Carry out according to following method: the crocodile protein antioxidant polypeptide powder 0.01g that takes by weighing embodiment 1,2,3 preparations respectively; Be configured to 10mL solution with deionized water; Use concentration pH value of solution to be adjusted to 4,7 as 1mol/L HCl or NaOH; In 93 ℃ of water-baths, heat-treat 5min then, put into 0 ℃ of mixture of ice and water after the heat treatment immediately and cool off 10min, centrifugal 15min under 10000r/min.The protein heat endurance with heat treatment after the dissolubility of enzymolysis product represent.Deliquescent computing formula is following:
The antioxidation polypeptide powder of acetonideexample 1 pH be 4.0 with pH be 7.0 o'clock, (93 ℃, 5 minutes) dissolubility is 93.5 after heat treatment; Embodiment 2 the antioxidation polypeptide powder pH be 4.0 with pH be 7.0 o'clock, (93 ℃, 5 minutes) dissolubility is 94.1 after heat treatment; Embodiment 3 the antioxidation polypeptide powder pH be 4.0 with pH be 7.0 o'clock, (93 ℃, 5 minutes) dissolubility is 93.6 after heat treatment; Explain that crocodile meat protein antioxidant polypeptide powder of the present invention except that having antioxidation activity, also has good processing characteristics, its pH be 4.0 with pH be 7.0 o'clock, (93 ℃, 5 minutes) dissolubility still can reach more than 93% after heat treatment.
The emulsibility test of embodiment 7 crocodile meat protein antioxidant polypeptide powders
Carry out according to following method: get the crocodile meat protein antioxidant polypeptide powder of embodiment 1,2,3 preparations respectively, use rectifying water compound concentration is 1% enzymolysis product solution.Getting 1% enzymolysis product solution 3mL is in the plastic centrifuge tube of 10.5mm in diameter, adds 1mL peanut oil while stirring and mixes; With mixed liquor high-speed homogenization 1min emulsification under 10000r/min.Draw emulsion 0.1mL from the centrifuge tube bottom immediately after the emulsification, add 0.1%SDS solution, in the cuvette of diameter 1cm, measure its light absorption value under the 500nm condition 100 times of its dilutions.Emulsibility representes that with light absorption value emulsifying activity index (EIA) computing formula is following:
EAI(m2/g)=2T×A0/0.25×W;
T=2.303 in the formula, A0 are the absorbance of measuring immediately after emulsification is accomplished, and W is protein content (g) (concentration of hydrolysate before the emulsification), and the antioxidation polypeptide powder of acetonideexample 1 is that 7.0 o'clock emulsifying activity index is 61g/m at pH
2The antioxidation polypeptide powder of embodiment 2 is that 7.0 o'clock emulsifying activity index is 60.8g/m at pH
2The antioxidation polypeptide powder of embodiment 3 is that 7.0 o'clock emulsifying activity index is 61.2g/m at pH
2Explain that crocodile meat protein antioxidant polypeptide powder of the present invention has good processing characteristics, its emulsifying activity index can reach 60g/m
2More than.