CN102790634B - Precoding method and base station in multi-cell cooperative communication and communication system - Google Patents
Precoding method and base station in multi-cell cooperative communication and communication system Download PDFInfo
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- CN102790634B CN102790634B CN201110127514.XA CN201110127514A CN102790634B CN 102790634 B CN102790634 B CN 102790634B CN 201110127514 A CN201110127514 A CN 201110127514A CN 102790634 B CN102790634 B CN 102790634B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a precoding method and a base station in multi-cell cooperative communication and a communication system. The precoding method comprises the steps that the base station obtains channel status information of a down link between the base station and each mobile terminal; the base station obtains noise level of each mobile terminal through a feedback channel, wherein the noise level comprises thermal noise and interference from non-cooperative cells; the base station calculates a precoding matrix when the preset signal to leakage and noise ratio (SLNR) cost function assumes the maximum value, wherein the SLNR cost function is established based on the channel status information and the noise level in consideration of different receiving conditions of the mobile terminals; and precoding is performed on data streams to be transmitted and down-link demodulation reference signals to be transmitted by means of the calculated precoding matrix. By means of the technical scheme, the frequency spectrum utilization rate of a cellular system is increased, and throughput of cell edge users is especially improved. By optimizing the linear precoding matrix, interference among cells is effectively inhibited, and useful signals are effectively protected.
Description
Technical field
Embodiments of the invention relate to multi-cell cooperative communication (Multi-cell CooperatingCommunications)
Technology, and in particular to method for precoding and its base station and communication system in a kind of multi-cell cooperative communication.
Background technology
In a cellular communication system, can be produced to each other if neighbor cell is carried out data transmission using same frequency band same
Frequency is disturbed.In this case, for Cell Edge User, this minizone co-channel interference will have a strong impact on communication quality.
Multi-antenna technology (MIMO) can be used to suppress inter-cell interference.The method complexity of multiple antennas linear predictive coding is low,
It is easy to apply in systems in practice.The principle of multiple antennas linear predictive coding is that sent out data flow is weighted and treatment is added,
Then it is mapped on transmitting antenna and is transmitted.Industry is generally write weight coefficient as matrix form, referred to as pre-coding matrix.In advance
Every a line of encoder matrix corresponds to the weight coefficient before same data flow is mapped to different antennae.Each row of pre-coding matrix
Correspond to the weight coefficient before different data streams are mapped to the same antenna.By optimizing weight coefficient (i.e. pre-coding matrix), honeybee
The performance indications of nest communication system can be lifted.Multiple sectors at same keep pouring in it is defeated in the case of, it is necessary to pre-coding matrix can
The signal for effectively suppressing minizone is disturbed and protects the transmission of useful signal.
In order to improve the performance indications of cellular system, it has been proposed that based on SLNR (letter leakage noise ratio) maximized precoding
Scheme.Based on the maximized pre-coding schemes of SLNR be using SLNR functions as pre-coding matrix cost function.Solution prelists
The process of code matrix is just to solve for the pre-coding matrix in the case where SLNR maximum cases are caused.For example, in MIMO situations, it is existing
SLNR cost functions are defined as follows：
The molecular moiety in fraction on the right side of above formula represents the power of the live part of the signal of the reception of user k, denominator
Part represents the power and total psophometer noise power of the signal for leaking into other users, and：
HK, kRepresent the mimo channel between user k and its Serving cell；
HI, kRepresent the mimo channel between user k and its cooperation cell；
PkRepresent the pre-coding matrix of user k；
The mark (the diagonal entry sum of square formation) of Trace [] representing matrix；
Subscript " H " represents conjugate transposition computing；
NRXN0Represent total noise power；
K represents the total number of user.
But, in currently existing scheme, all assume that each recipient has identical noise power level.But, this
Do not reflect actual situation exactly, because the noise power level of each recipient can be with channel condition or path
Decay and change.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the method for precoding in a kind of multi-cell cooperative communication, base station and communication system.
In one aspect of the invention, there is provided the method for precoding in a kind of multi-cell cooperative communication, including step：Base
Stand and obtain its channel condition information with the downlink between each mobile terminal；Base station obtains each and moves by feedback channel
The level of noise of dynamic terminal, the level of noise includes thermal noise and the interference from non-cooperating cell；Base station calculates predetermined
Letter leakage noise ratio SLNR cost functions take pre-coding matrix during maximum, wherein the SLNR cost functions are based on the channel
Status information and the level of noise and set up in view of the different condition of acceptances of each mobile terminal；Using what is calculated
Pre-coding matrix carries out precoding to the data flow and downlink demodulation reference signal to be sent.
Another aspect of the present invention is the base station in a kind of multi-cell cooperative communication, including：Pre-coding matrix computing unit,
Its channel condition information with the downlink between each mobile terminal is obtained, each mobile terminal is obtained by feedback channel
Level of noise, the level of noise includes thermal noise and the interference from non-cooperating cell, and calculates predetermined letter leakage noise ratio
SLNR cost functions take pre-coding matrix during maximum, wherein the SLNR cost functions are based on the channel condition information
Set up with the level of noise and in view of the different condition of acceptances of each mobile terminal；Precoding unit, using meter
The pre-coding matrix of calculation carries out precoding to the data flow and downlink demodulation reference signal to be sent.
Embodiments of the invention realize the collaboration communication between interfered cell so as to improve honeybee by limited Signalling exchange
The spectrum utilization efficiency of nest system, especially improves the handling capacity of Cell Edge User.It is small by optimizing Linear precoding matrix
Interval interference is effectively suppressed, and useful signal is effectively protected.
Brief description of the drawings
From detailed description below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, features described above of the invention and advantage will be apparent from, wherein：
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram for describing precoding processing process；
Fig. 2 shows the structured flowchart of base station according to embodiments of the present invention；
Fig. 3 shows the structured flowchart of mobile terminal according to embodiments of the present invention；
Fig. 4 shows the flow chart of method for precoding according to embodiments of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below, the preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.In the accompanying drawings, although be shown in different accompanying drawings
In, but identical reference is for representing identical or similar component.For clarity and conciseness, comprising known to herein
The detailed description of function and structure will be omitted, it is to avoid make subject of the present invention unclear.
The present embodiments relate to cellular communication system include multiple base stations for interfering, each base station services one
Or multiple users, each base station can receive the signal of any one user in system.To suppress inter-cell interference, base station sends
Linear predictive coding is carried out to data during data and design is optimized to pre-coding matrix.Precoding process is as shown in figure 1, to institute
Hair data flow is weighted and is added treatment, is then mapped on transmitting antenna and is transmitted.Generally write weight coefficient as square
Formation formula, referred to as pre-coding matrix.Every a line of pre-coding matrix corresponds to adding before same data flow is mapped to different antennae
Weight coefficient.Pre-coding matrix each row correspondence different data streams be mapped to the same antenna before weight coefficient for realization prelists
Code.
Fig. 2 shows the structured flowchart of base station according to an embodiment of the invention.Fig. 3 shows according to embodiments of the present invention
Mobile terminal structured flowchart.
As shown in Fig. 2 base station 20 according to embodiments of the present invention includes that channel estimating unit 21, pre-coding matrix calculates list
Unit 22, linear predictive coding unit 23 and 24, and combining unit 25.
Channel estimating unit 21 is according to the upstream detection pilot frequency received from each mobile terminal come the letter of estimating uplink
Road matrix, and in the case of a tdd system using the reciprocity of channel, using the channel matrix of the up-link as descending chain
Pre-coding matrix computing unit 22 is led in the channel matrix on road, input.In addition, pre-coding matrix computing unit 22 is also from mobile terminal
Receive the level of noise of its feedback.Here level of noise includes thermal noise and the interference from non-cooperating cell.Precoding square
Down channel matrix of the battle array computing unit 22 based on each mobile terminal and the level of noise that is fed back from each mobile terminal are counted
Calculate the pre-coding matrix under SLNR maximum cases.
Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, pre-coding matrix computing unit 22 considers the receiver of each mobile terminal not
Pre-coding matrix is calculated with noise power.For example, according to the following formula (2) come calculate SLNR maximize in the case of each mobile terminal
Pre-coding matrix：
Wherein letter leakage noise ratio SLNRkIt is defined as follows：
K is interfered cell number, i.e. user's number (one user of each cell serves) in above formula；It is base station k to use
The channel matrix of family i；PkIt is the pre-coding matrix of user k；NRXIt is user's reception antenna number；RiIt is noise and interferential loads square
Battle array, is made up of, the level of noise fed back from terminal for correcting channelTrace () function is used for the mark of calculating matrix.
Optimal pre-coding matrix can be obtained by following singular value decomposition method：
ζ in above formulamaxS(Qk) represent calculating matrix QkCorrespond to the right unusual of S maximum singular value after singular value decomposition
The matrix that vector is constituted.Matrix Q in above formulakIt is defined as follows：
I is unit matrix in above formula.Equally, K is interfered cell number, i.e. user's number (each cell serves in above formula
One user)；It is base station k to the channel matrix of user i；PkIt is the pre-coding matrix of user k；NRXIt is user's reception antenna
Number；RiIt is noise and interferential loads matrix, is made up of the level of noise fed back from terminal, for correcting channelTrace
() function is used for the mark of calculating matrix.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the letter leakage noise ratio SLNR in formula (2) also can be defined as follows：
K is interfered cell number, i.e. user's number (one user of each cell serves) wherein in above formula；It is base station k
To the channel matrix of user i；PkIt is the pre-coding matrix of user k；NRXIt is user's reception antenna number；Trace () function is used for
The mark of calculating matrix；Scalar γiIt is noise and interferential loads coefficient, is obtained based on the level of noise fed back from terminal, is used for
Amendment channelFor example, table and corresponding index on level of noise are all maintained in mobile terminal and base station both sides, this
Sample needs only to the index corresponding to the mobile terminal corresponding level of noise of feedback.This feedback method can save band
It is wide.Optimal pre-coding matrix can be obtained by following singular value decomposition method：
Matrix Q in above formulakIt is defined as follows：
K is interfered cell number, i.e. user's number (one user of each cell serves) wherein in above formula；It is base station k
To the channel matrix of user i；PkIt is the pre-coding matrix of user k；NRXIt is user's reception antenna number；Trace () function is used for
The mark of calculating matrix；Scalar γiIt is noise and interferential loads coefficient, is obtained based on the level of noise fed back from terminal, is used for
Amendment channel
After being calculated the pre-coding matrix of each user, linear predictive coding unit 23 is using pre-coding matrix to lower line number
According to stream precoding, i.e. weighted sum.Linear predictive coding unit 24 is carried out pre- using pre-coding matrix to downlink demodulation reference signal
Coding, i.e. weighted sum.Then, combining unit 25 merges the downlink data after precoding with downlink demodulation reference signal, leads to
Antenna is crossed to send.
Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, it is contemplated that the different condition of acceptance of the receiver of each mobile terminal is counted
The pre-coding matrix in the case of SLNR is maximized is calculated, it is possible to improving the spectrum utilization efficiency of cellular system, is especially improved
The handling capacity of Cell Edge User.By optimizing Linear precoding matrix, inter-cell interference is effectively suppressed.
As shown in figure 3, in the side of mobile terminal 30, as described above, interference and noise measurement unit 31 are believed down channel
Breath reference channel carries out interference and the measurement of noise figure, and is entered into level of noise map unit 32.Level of noise reflects
Penetrate unit 32 and the interference of measurement and noise figure are mapped to corresponding level of noise, feed back to base station 20.
On the other hand, after mobile terminal 30 receives downlink demodulation reference signal and downlink data, by 33 points of resolving cell
Downlink demodulation reference signal and downlink data are released, then channel estimating unit 34 carries out channel based on downlink demodulation reference signal
Estimate, obtain down channel matrix.On the other hand, MIMO signal detection unit 35 carries out MIMO detection output numbers to downlink data
According to stream.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, in FDD system, the channel estimating unit 34 of mobile terminal 30 is estimated to obtain
After the channel matrix of downlink, the channel matrix of downlink is sent to the precoding square in base station 20 by feedback channel
Battle array computing unit, carries out the calculating of the pre-coding matrix in the case of SLNR maximizations.
Fig. 4 shows the flow chart of method for precoding according to embodiments of the present invention.As shown in figure 4, base station 1 (BS1) and
Base station 2 (BS2) is cooperative base station.Base station 1 is responsible for sending data to terminal 1 (UE1), and base station 2 is responsible for being sent to terminal 2 (UE2)
Data.4 method for precoding according to embodiments of the present invention described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
In step S11, terminal 1 sends uplink detection signal and is received respectively to base station 1 and base station 2, base station 1 and base station 2
Row detectable signal simultaneously makees channel estimation to obtain the up channel of terminal 1 respectively.In the case of a tdd system, base station 1 and base station
2 are utilized respectively the down channel that TDD system up-downgoing channel reciprocity obtains terminal 1.
In step S12, terminal 2 sends uplink detection signal and is received respectively to base station 1 and base station 2, base station 1 and base station 2
Row detectable signal simultaneously makees channel estimation to obtain the up channel of terminal 2 respectively.In the case of a tdd system, base station 1 and base station
2 are utilized respectively the down channel that TDD system up-downgoing channel reciprocity obtains terminal 2.
In step S13, terminal 1 and terminal 2 measure the non-cooperating area interference that is respectively received respectively and noise signal is strong
Degree.Terminal 1 sends feedback signal and non-cooperating area interference and noise signal strength is sent into base station 1 and base station 2.The He of base station 1
The feedback information of receiving terminal 1 is distinguished in base station 2, obtains the non-cooperating area interference and noise signal strength information of terminal 1, for example
Level of noise.
In step S14, terminal 2 sends feedback signal and non-cooperating area interference and noise signal strength is sent into base station 1
With base station 2.The feedback information of receiving terminal 2 is distinguished in base station 1 and base station 2, obtains non-cooperating area interference and the noise letter of terminal 2
Number strength information.Base station 1 is using terminal 1 and the uplink channel information and non-cooperating area interference and noise signal strength of terminal 2
Information, by believing that leakage noise ratio criterion calculates pre-coding matrix.
Base station 2 is using terminal 1 and uplink channel information and non-cooperating area interference and the noise signal strength letter of terminal 2
Breath, by believing that leakage noise ratio criterion calculates pre-coding matrix.Base station 1 and the pre-coding matrix for each calculating of base station 2 are to respective
Downlink data and downlink reference signal carry out precoding and are sent to terminal 1 and terminal 2.
In step S15 and S16, terminal 1 and terminal 2 estimate equivalent channel each with downlink reference signal.Terminal 1 and end
Downlink data is detected each with equivalent channels information in end 2.
Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, according to such as formula (3), (4), (5) or (6), (7), the maximization letter leakage that (8) are given
Make an uproar than criterion to obtain pre-coding matrix.
Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, the above method carries out interference and noise intensity measurement including each terminal.For example, specific
Metering system can be：Within a period of time, cooperative base station stops sending signal on corresponding running time-frequency resource, and terminal is corresponding
Running time-frequency resource on detect the number of collection of letters overall strength, then by reception signal overall strength be mapped as corresponding level of noise.Or,
Cooperative base station sends reference signal, and terminal estimates cooperative base station signal intensity according to reference signal, and the terminal detection number of collection of letters is total
Intensity, terminal reduces cooperative base station signal intensity from total received signal strength to be believed with obtaining non-cooperating area interference and noise
Number intensity, is then mapped as corresponding level of noise by non-cooperating area interference and noise signal strength.
Above description is only used for realizing embodiments of the present invention, it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art not taking off
From any modification or partial replacement of the scope of the present invention, the scope that should belong to claim of the invention to limit, because
This, protection scope of the present invention should be defined by the protection domain of claims.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of method for precoding in multi-cell cooperative communication, including step：
Base station obtains its channel condition information with the downlink between each mobile terminal；
Base station obtains the respective level of noise determined respectively by each mobile terminal, the level of noise bag by feedback channel
Include thermal noise and the interference from non-cooperating cell；
Calculating predetermined letter leakage noise ratio SLNR cost functions in base station take pre-coding matrix during maximum, wherein the SLNR costs
Function is to be based on the channel condition information and the level of noise and in view of the different condition of acceptances of each mobile terminal
And set up；And
Precoding is carried out to the data flow and downlink demodulation reference signal to be sent using the pre-coding matrix for calculating,
Wherein, the level of noise of each mobile terminal is determined one of in the following manner by corresponding mobile terminal：
In the case where cooperative base station stops sending signal on corresponding running time-frequency resource, institute is detected on corresponding running time-frequency resource
The overall strength of the signal of reception, and the overall strength of the signal is mapped as corresponding level of noise, or
The reference signal that cooperative base station sends is received, cooperative base station signal intensity is estimated according to reference signal, what detection was received
The overall strength of signal, the signal intensity of cooperative base station is gone divided by the interference for obtaining non-cooperating cell and made an uproar from the overall strength
Acoustic signal intensity, and the interference of non-cooperating cell and noise signal strength are mapped as corresponding level of noise.
2. method for precoding as claimed in claim 1, wherein, in a tdd system, base station will be up using the reciprocity of channel
The channel condition information of link as downlink channel condition information.
3. method for precoding as claimed in claim 1, wherein, in FDD system, base station is moved by feedback channel from each
Terminal obtains the channel condition information of downlink.
4. the base station in a kind of multi-cell cooperative communication, including：
Pre-coding matrix computing unit, obtains its channel condition information with the downlink between each mobile terminal, passes through
Feedback channel obtains the respective level of noise determined respectively by each mobile terminal, and the level of noise includes thermal noise and comes
From the interference of non-cooperating cell, and pre-coding matrix when predetermined letter leakage noise ratio SLNR cost functions take maximum is calculated, its
Described in SLNR cost functions be based on the channel condition information and the level of noise and in view of each mobile terminal
Different condition of acceptances and set up；And
Precoding unit, is prelisted using the pre-coding matrix for calculating to the data flow and downlink demodulation reference signal to be sent
Code,
Wherein, the level of noise of each mobile terminal is determined one of in the following manner by corresponding mobile terminal：
In the case where cooperative base station stops sending signal on corresponding running time-frequency resource, institute is detected on corresponding running time-frequency resource
The overall strength of the signal of reception, and the overall strength of the signal is mapped as corresponding level of noise, or
The reference signal that cooperative base station sends is received, cooperative base station signal intensity is estimated according to reference signal, what detection was received
The overall strength of signal, the signal intensity of cooperative base station is gone divided by the interference for obtaining non-cooperating cell and made an uproar from the overall strength
Acoustic signal intensity, and the interference of non-cooperating cell and noise signal strength are mapped as corresponding level of noise.
5. base station as claimed in claim 4, also including channel estimating unit, in a tdd system, based on upstream detection pilot frequency meter
Count the channel condition information of line link in, and by the use of channel reciprocity using the channel condition information of up-link as descending
The channel condition information of link.
6. base station as claimed in claim 4, wherein, the pre-coding matrix computing unit, in FDD system, by feedback
Channel obtains the channel condition information of downlink from each mobile terminal.
7. a kind of communication system, including base station as claimed in claim 4.
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| CN103873125B (en) * | 2012-12-17 | 2017-09-15 | 中国移动通信集团公司 | The launching technique and equipment of downstream signal in a kind of multiaerial system |
| CN106961298A (en) * | 2016-01-08 | 2017-07-18 | 北京信威通信技术股份有限公司 | A kind of multi-antenna sending method |
| CN107733478B (en) * | 2016-08-09 | 2020-06-05 | 中国电信股份有限公司 | Channel feedback and precoding method, base station, user terminal and system |
| CN107994964B (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2020-09-08 | 广州海格通信集团股份有限公司 | Channel interference sensing method, system, equipment, storage medium and base station |
| CN108718205B (en) * | 2018-07-11 | 2020-11-06 | 北京大学 | Cooperative transmission beam forming method and communication system suitable for full-duplex cellular network |
| CN110350961A (en) * | 2019-07-15 | 2019-10-18 | 福州数据技术研究院有限公司 | Suitable for the extensive MIMO mixed-beam forming algorithm of 5G multi-user and system |
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| CN101877607A (en) * | 2009-04-30 | 2010-11-03 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method and device for configuring pre-coding weights in cells |
| CN102025453A (en) * | 2009-09-14 | 2011-04-20 | 华为技术有限公司 | Space division multiplexing-based encoding method, device and system in cooperative multiple input multiple output (MIMO) communication |
| CN102055562A (en) * | 2009-11-06 | 2011-05-11 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method and system for implementing multiple user complexing pre-coding in multi-point coordination transmission |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101877607A (en) * | 2009-04-30 | 2010-11-03 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method and device for configuring pre-coding weights in cells |
| CN102025453A (en) * | 2009-09-14 | 2011-04-20 | 华为技术有限公司 | Space division multiplexing-based encoding method, device and system in cooperative multiple input multiple output (MIMO) communication |
| CN102055562A (en) * | 2009-11-06 | 2011-05-11 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method and system for implementing multiple user complexing pre-coding in multi-point coordination transmission |
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