CN102789198B - Lathe and the On-line Measuring Method thereof of mixing with manual measurement are measured in sequencing automatically - Google Patents
Lathe and the On-line Measuring Method thereof of mixing with manual measurement are measured in sequencing automatically Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of sequencing and automatically measure the lathe mixing with manual measurement, it is characterized in that, comprise nc program operator, man-machine interaction unit, program code resolver, be provided with the interpolator of measuring motion server; Also comprise PLC subsystem and servo position closed loop controller. The measuring system of the online workpiece of machine tool numerical control system of the present invention and cutter, can realize the hybrid programming of automatic measurement and manual measurement, for the measurement of sequencing provides more reconditioner meetings, support the measurement with the part family of technology characteristics, expand the workpiece scope of application of process of measurement, simplified measured workpiece the adjustment time is installed. The present invention utilizes the execution flow process of automatic measurement, realizes synchronizeing of manual measurement action and automatic measurement procedure measuring under the support of action server; Both bring into play the ability of the computing able to programme of automatic measurement, taken into account again the flexibility of manual Point Measurement, thereby expanded the technological ability of Digit Control Machine Tool on-line measurement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a numerical control machine tool, in particular to a numerical control machine tool for realizing mixed measurement in precision machining.
Background
The online measurement system is arranged on the numerical control machine tool, the sizes of the workpiece and the cutter with strict requirements are detected in the machining process and after the machining process is finished, the measurement system can automatically complete the size detection, the cutter correction, the coordinate system establishment and other work, and the online measurement system is the online measurement system of the numerical control machine tool. The measurement on the numerical control machine tool can avoid measurement errors caused by the repeated disassembly and clamping of the measured part between the numerical control machine tool and the measuring machine, inconsistent positioning and mounting reference, cutting stress release and the like.
The measurement system on the numerical control machine tool in the prior art is composed of the following parts as shown in fig. 1:
the measuring head comprises a workpiece measuring head and a cutter measuring head and is a high-repetition-precision position switch. The stylus usually employs a mechanical contact to be combined with a photoelectric switch, and converts a mechanical touch signal into an electrical signal, i.e., a stylus trigger signal is formed. The probe triggering signal is usually accessed to the fast I/O of the numerical control system, so that the numerical control system can obtain the triggered information of the probe through periodic detection. For a numerical control system which does not specify a special I/O point of a measuring head, a measuring head signal needs to be converted into a latch control signal fed back to a specific mechanical structure motion coordinate through PLC system programming.
Usually, the measuring action is to make the mechanical structure move in a specific direction until the trigger signal of the measuring head is sensed, i.e. the movement is stopped. The measurement action instructions are typically issued by the measurement system software, and may be user programmable, or manually operated by a user, or may be fixed in the system. The measurement action command is usually sent to the interpolator of the numerical control system to realize the control of the servo system, and the servo system drives the mechanical transmission mechanism to execute the measurement action.
Currently, the automatic measurement mode of the known numerical control system adopts a G code (for example, a G31 measurement instruction of Fanuc) to describe a measurement motion track; the numerical control system or the PLC system inquires the signal condition of the measuring head when executing the code; after finding that the measuring head signal is in place, the system stores the current coordinate into a macro variable which can be accessed by a user program; the user measuring program can use an operator provided by the macro language to operate macro variables including coordinates of the trigger position of the measuring head, and the measured geometric characteristic size is obtained. In the measuring process, the stroke of the measuring action is established by a program and is difficult to adjust in the measuring process, the measuring of specific parts can be realized, the measuring method cannot adapt to the measurement of workpiece families with similar geometric characteristics, even cannot adapt to the change of the attitude of the workpiece, and great process limitation exists.
At present, under the manual measurement mode of the known numerical control system, only the coordinates of a measured point can be prompted to a user, programmed calculation cannot be carried out, coordinate points still need to be recorded manually, and the relevant geometric characteristic dimension needs to be calculated manually, so that much inconvenience is brought to actual processing.
In summary, the numerical control system in the prior art has great process limitations in both automatic measurement and manual measurement.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a numerical control machine tool on-line measuring method with a mixture of programmed automatic measurement and manual measurement, aiming at overcoming the defects of automatic measurement and manual measurement of the existing numerical control device and expanding the process capability of an on-line measuring system of a numerical control machine tool. The method utilizes the execution flow of automatic measurement to realize the synchronization of manual measurement action and automatic measurement flow under the support of a measurement action server; the programmable operation capability of automatic measurement is exerted, and the flexibility of manual point location measurement is also considered, so that the process capability of the numerical control machine tool in online measurement is expanded.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a machine tool with a mixture of programmed automatic measurement and manual measurement, which comprises a numerical control machining program operator, a human-computer interaction unit, a program code analyzer and an interpolator, wherein the interpolator is provided with a measurement motion server; wherein,
the numerical control machining program operator is used for loading a measuring program or an automatic machining program containing a measuring procedure and sending the measuring program or the automatic machining program to the program code analyzer for analysis;
the human-computer interaction unit is used for receiving an instruction or a parameter of an operator requiring manual measurement operation and sending the instruction or the parameter to the interpolator;
the program code analyzer is used for analyzing a measuring program or an automatic processing program comprising a measuring procedure; specifically, the macro instruction in the user automatic processing program is analyzed and executed, and the macro instruction comprises expression calculation, circulation, transferring, logic judgment or read-write operation of system parameters or macro variables; particularly, a measurement instruction in a measurement program or an automatic processing program including a measurement procedure is analyzed, and a measurement motion server in the interpolator is called; meanwhile, the calculation of the measured geometric characteristics is carried out by utilizing the capability of analyzing and executing the macro instructions in the user automatic processing program; the program code analyzer is also used for locking the running state, entering the locking state when processing an automatic measurement command and a manual measurement command, and releasing the locking state of the program code analyzer by the interpolator after the measurement motion server processing the automatic measurement or manual measurement motion service request in the interpolator finishes the measurement motion, so that the program code analyzer continues to run;
the interpolator is used for executing programs or instructions from the program code analyzer and the human-computer interaction unit, and comprises a linear, circular or other conventional geometric locus motion service request program or instruction; in addition, the measurement motion server in the interpolator is used for processing a measurement motion request sent by the program code analyzer or the human-computer interaction unit, and comprises the steps of calculating and outputting linear interpolation data according to a motion direction shown by the measurement motion request, and monitoring a probe trigger signal; when a probe trigger signal is found, carrying out deceleration interpolation of a motion direction shown by a motion request, and releasing the operation lock of the program code analyzer after the motion is stopped, and otherwise, continuing to operate;
furthermore, the machine tool further comprises:
the PLC subsystem is used for converting a measuring head trigger signal accessed by the quick I/O interface into a system variable which can be accessed by numerical control system software besides the basic logic control function of the numerical control system;
the servo position closed-loop controller is used for receiving the calculation result of the interpolator and carrying out position closed-loop control on the servo drive according to the result and the servo position information so as to control the motor to drive the actuating mechanism to move; the servo position closed-loop controller is provided with a feedback latch and is used for latching the feedback counter under the control of a measuring head trigger signal.
The invention also provides an online measuring method of the machine tool with the mixture of programmed automatic measurement and manual measurement, which comprises the following steps:
s1, the machine tool starts to operate according to the measuring program or the automatic processing program code containing the measuring procedure;
s2, when an automatic measurement instruction appears in the automatic processing program code running to the measurement program or including the measurement process, the machine tool carries out linear motion according to the motion direction appointed by the automatic measurement action until the measuring head is touched and generates a measuring head trigger signal, and the machine tool carries out deceleration and stop; the machine tool motion coordinate at the moment when the measuring head trigger signal is sensed is latched and is transferred to a system variable or a macro variable accessed by a measuring program or a machining program;
s3, when a manual measurement instruction appears in the automatic machining program code which runs to the measurement program or contains the measurement process, the machine tool stops moving, the automatic operation mode is locked, the manual operation mode is effective, and a user waits for manually operating the machine tool; during the period, the probe trigger signal is monitored until the probe is touched and generates a probe trigger signal, and the speed is reduced and stopped; the machine tool motion coordinate at the moment when the measuring head trigger signal is sensed is latched and is transferred to a system variable or a macro variable accessed by a measuring program or a machining program; when the trigger signal of the measuring head is monitored and the manual movement end mark condition is doubly met, the locking state of the automatic operation mode is released;
s4, the measuring program or the automatic processing program code containing the measuring procedure is continuously executed, including the steps of calculating by using the system variable or the macro variable of the coordinate position at the moment of storing the trigger signal of the measuring head to obtain the size of the geometric feature to be measured, or executing and modifying the coordinate system and the geometric parameters of the cutter; other code in the measurement program or automatic machining program including the measurement process is executed until the program is terminated.
The measuring system for the online workpiece and the cutter of the machine tool numerical control system can realize mixed programming of automatic measurement and manual measurement, provides more adjusting opportunities for programmed measurement, supports measurement of part families with the same process characteristics, expands the workpiece application range of a measuring program, and simplifies the installation and adjustment time of the measured workpiece. The invention utilizes the execution flow of automatic measurement to realize the synchronization of manual measurement action and automatic measurement flow under the support of the measurement action server; the programmable operation capability of automatic measurement is exerted, and the flexibility of manual point location measurement is also considered, so that the process capability of the numerical control machine tool in online measurement is expanded.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the structure of a measurement system on a numerically controlled machine tool according to the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of the structure of the measuring system of the numerically controlled machine tool according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a measurement system on a numerically controlled machine tool embodying the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the algorithm flow of the measure motion server;
FIG. 5 is a schematic flow chart of the acceleration interpolation algorithm of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic flow chart of the constant velocity interpolation algorithm in FIG. 4;
FIG. 7 is a schematic flow chart of the deceleration interpolation algorithm of FIG. 4;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a program code parser implementation flow.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to a machine tool measuring system with a programmed automatic measurement and manual measurement mixed, which consists of the following relevant components, as shown in figure 2:
and (4) a PLC subsystem. The PLC subsystem disclosed by the invention is responsible for converting a measuring head trigger signal accessed by a quick I/O interface into a system variable which can be accessed by numerical control system software besides the basic logic control function of the numerical control system. The system variable can be actively and periodically inquired by the measurement related module, and can also be actively notified to the measurement related module by the PLC subsystem through a message mechanism or a callback function mechanism.
A servo position closed loop controller. And the control device is responsible for receiving a calculation result of the interpolator and carrying out position closed loop on the servo drive according to the result and the servo position information, so that the motor is controlled to drive the actuating mechanism to realize accurate position movement. The servo position closed-loop controller disclosed by the invention is responsible for the work, and is also provided with a feedback latch, and the latch of a feedback counter is realized under the control of a measuring head trigger signal.
A program code parser. The automatic processing program written by the user is analyzed; data conversion is carried out to meet the input requirement of the interpolator; and analyzing and executing the macroinstructions in the user automatic processing program, wherein the macroinstructions comprise expression calculation, circulation, transfer, logic judgment and read-write operation of system parameters and macrovariables. The program code analyzer according to the present invention is responsible for the above-described operations, and also analyzes a measurement command in a measurement program or an automatic processing program including a measurement process, and calls a measurement motion server in an interpolator. The disclosed program code parser also performs calculations of measured geometric features using the ability to parse macro instructions in the execution user automated process program. In order to support the mixed operation of programmed automatic measurement and manual measurement, the program code parser disclosed by the invention has a state of locking operation, namely suspending operation until being unlocked externally. And when the program code analyzer processes the automatic measurement command and the manual measurement command, the program code analyzer enters a locking state, and after the measurement motion server processing the automatic measurement or manual measurement motion service request in the interpolator executes the measurement motion, the interpolator releases the locking state of the program code analyzer, and the program code analyzer continues to operate.
An interpolator. Responsible for servicing requests for movements from the program code parser and manual operations of the interface. These sports service requests include: straight lines, circular arcs, and the like. In order to support the mixed operation of programmed automatic measurement and manual measurement, the interpolator disclosed by the invention comprises a measurement motion server, a measurement motion server and a control unit, wherein the measurement motion server is mainly responsible for processing a measurement motion request sent by a program code analyzer or a numerical control man-machine interaction subsystem, and comprises the steps of calculating and outputting linear interpolation data according to the motion direction shown by the measurement motion request and monitoring a probe trigger signal; and after finding the probe trigger signal, carrying out deceleration interpolation of the motion direction indicated by the motion request, and after stopping the motion, releasing the operation lock of the program code analyzer, and otherwise, continuing the operation.
The invention also discloses an operation method of the machine tool measuring system with the combination of programmed automatic measurement and manual measurement, which comprises the following steps:
s1, the numerical control machine starts to run according to the measuring program or the automatic processing program code containing the measuring procedure;
and S2, when an automatic measurement instruction appears in the automatic processing program code running to the measurement program or including the measurement process, the numerical control machine carries out linear motion under the control of the numerical control system according to the motion direction appointed by the automatic measurement action until the measuring head is touched and generates a measuring head trigger signal, and the speed is reduced and the numerical control machine stops. The machine tool motion coordinates at the time when the stylus trigger signal is sensed are latched and transferred to system or macro variables accessible to the measurement or machining program.
S3, when a manual measurement instruction appears in the code of the automatic processing program which runs to the measurement program or contains the measurement process, the numerical control machine under the control of the numerical control system stops moving, the automatic operation mode is locked, the manual operation mode is effective, and a user waits for manually operating the machine tool; and monitoring the probe triggering signal until the probe is touched to generate the probe triggering signal, and decelerating and stopping. The machine tool motion coordinates at the time when the stylus trigger signal is sensed are latched and transferred to system or macro variables accessible to the measurement or machining program. When the trigger signal of the measuring head is monitored and the manual movement end mark condition is doubly met, the locking state of the automatic operation mode is released.
And S4, the measuring program or the automatic processing program code containing the measuring procedure is continuously executed, and the operation is carried out by using the system variable or the macro variable of the coordinate position at the moment of storing the trigger signal of the measuring head, so as to obtain the dimension of the geometric feature to be measured, or the modification of the coordinate system and the geometric parameters of the cutter is carried out. Other code in the measurement program or automatic machining program including the measurement process is executed until the program is terminated.
The technical scheme of the invention mainly utilizes the execution flow of automatic measurement to realize the synchronization of the manual measurement action and the automatic measurement flow under the support of the measurement action server.
The running mechanism of the automatic measuring program is basically the same as that of the automatic processing program, and the operations (macro variable programmable operations) required by movement and the access and modification operations of system variables can be realized. In contrast to automatic machining programs in the general sense, automatic measurement programs support measurement-specific instructions, including automatic measurement instructions and manual measurement instructions.
The automatic measurement instruction is mainly used for instructing a measurement motion server to send a measurement motion request and appoint the motion of the direction. The measurement motion server is part of an interpolator. And the measuring motion server executes interpolation operation necessary for measuring motion according to the motion direction and simultaneously monitors a measuring head trigger signal. When the probe in-place signal is found, the deceleration and stop motion are realized, and the coordinate value at the moment when the probe trigger signal is detected is recorded into a system variable storage area or a macro variable storage area which can be accessed by an automatic measurement program.
The manual measurement instruction is mainly used for enabling the automatic measurement program to be suspended and locked and waiting for manual measurement. And monitoring the probe trigger signal in the process of executing the motion request received by the measurement motion server. When the manual server finds the probe trigger signal, the speed reduction and stop motion are realized, and the coordinate value at the moment when the probe trigger signal is detected is recorded into a system variable storage area or a macro variable storage area which can be accessed by the automatic measurement program. And then the motion server relieves the monitoring on the probe triggering signal and enables the original measuring program to continue to analyze and execute.
The format of the instruction can be expanded by referring to a standard G code format, and the analysis processing flow (including lexical analysis and grammar check) similar to that of other numerical control function G codes in the automatic processing program is also convenient. The basic actions of automatic measurement and manual measurement can be realized through the instructions. And then, real-time coordinate information inquired by the numerical control system when the macro variable receives the triggering of the measuring head is obtained, and the required geometric characteristic information is obtained through programmable operation supported by an automatic measuring program, namely a measuring result is obtained.
Example (b):
the control method provided by the invention has various implementation modes according to different operating systems and development tools selected by the numerical control system. Fig. 3 illustrates one implementation of the present invention. The system consists of three major parts, namely numerical control system hardware, a real-time operating system and numerical control system software.
The numerical control system hardware can be formed by various computer systems, such as an X86PC framework, an ARM processor framework, a DSP processor framework, a singlechip framework and a multi-CPU framework formed by a plurality of the processors. The CPU is connected with other devices through an internal computer bus, including a real-time clock, a servo and I/O device interface, a storage medium, a display device and an input device which are necessary for a numerical control system. The hardware system adopting the X86PC framework can use the built-in 8253 or a compatible clock system thereof as a real clock; the servo and I/O equipment interface can be realized by an analog quantity output card and a digital quantity input/output card of a PCI bus or ISA bus interface, and for the servo and I/O equipment of a field bus interface, a corresponding field bus communication interface card can be adopted to realize the servo and I/O equipment interface; standard hard disks or SD cards, CF cards can be used as file system storage media. The measuring head type equipment comprises a workpiece measuring head and a cutter measuring head, wherein the measuring head triggering electric signal of the cutter measuring head can be processed into a high-speed digital input semaphore and is accessed into a numerical control system through an I/O (input/output) equipment interface.
The real-time operating system can be professional real-time operating systems such as VxWorks and RTLinux, or operating systems with certain soft real-time characteristics such as Windows and RTX combined with real-time extension, or Windows CE when the system performance requirement is low. Besides supporting conventional file management and storage medium drive and Graphical User Interface (GUI), the real-time operating system mainly realizes periodic real-time task scheduling by a real-time clock timing interrupt handler. The numerical control equipment driver can adopt a standard driver development framework provided by a real-time operating system to package data operation on a servo and an I/O equipment interface, the data comprises a servo instruction and an I/O instruction, the data also comprises feedback data and I/O data collected from the servo, and the data also comprises a measuring head trigger signal related to the invention.
The numerical control system software can be developed by using an application program development tool supported by a real-time operating system, for example, a GCC development environment supported by an RTLinux operating system, and the numerical control system software is developed in a VC development environment selected from Windows + RTX as the real-time operating system. The numerical control system software mainly comprises a plurality of real-time tasks: program code analyzer, interpolator, PLC subsystem. According to different working modes of the real-time operating system, the real-time task can be a real-time thread or a cyclic function body which can be loaded and run by the real-time task scheduling system. The principle of realizing each part of the numerical control software is as follows:
the numerical control processing program file operator is responsible for opening selected files in a file system obtained from a numerical control system, and also comprises a measuring program file or an automatic processing file containing a measuring procedure. The numerical control machining program mostly takes the carriage return line-changing character as a line ending mark. Generally, a numerical control machining program file operator is in a called operation mode and does not have the requirement of autonomous operation, and the numerical control machining program file operator can be realized in the form of a group of service functions and can also be realized by an object with a group of service interfaces.
The numerical control man-machine interaction subsystem is responsible for receiving user operation information from input equipment such as a keyboard and the like and also comprises manual measurement operation from a user, which is related by the invention; and simultaneously, the information display of other constituent units of the numerical control system is realized. Under the support of an operating system graphical user interface, the numerical control man-machine interaction subsystem can be realized in a process mode and performs information interaction with other components of numerical control system software in a process communication mode, wherein the information interaction comprises shared memory, pipelines, sockets and the like; the numerical control man-machine interaction subsystem can also share a process with other parts of numerical control system software, and the process memory space is shared with other parts when the numerical control man-machine interaction subsystem is realized in a thread mode. Under the support of a Windows family operating system, the numerical control man-machine interaction subsystem can be developed and realized by adopting a Doc/View mode provided by an MFC. In any mode, the numerical control human-computer interaction subsystem adopts an active operation mode, including query operation input and periodic data display refreshing. Under the support of Windows family operating system, the input can be realized by Windows message, and the data display refresh can realize refresh trigger in the periodic task of timer or multimedia timer. The numerical control human-computer interaction subsystem as an active running subsystem can not be included in real-time task scheduling generally or participate in task scheduling with lower priority because of lower real-time requirement.
The interpolator is responsible for receiving macro motion commands (straight lines, circular arcs, NURBS curves and the like) analyzed and preprocessed by the program code analyzer; the motion command is interpolated into a micro incremental command which can be executed by the servo equipment, and the micro incremental command is driven by the numerical control equipment in a strict period (1ms,2ms,4ms and the like) mode and is output to the servo position closed-loop controller. Due to the requirement for a precise periodic output of the interpolator, the interpolator typically incorporates real-time task scheduling in the form of real-time threads or real-time tasks. The core interpolation algorithm of the interpolator may be a classical point-by-point comparison method, a numerical integration method, or other algorithms with a differentiation function, such as a parametric equation. The interpolator disclosed by the invention comprises a measurement motion server, a measurement motion server and a measurement motion processing unit, wherein the measurement motion server is mainly responsible for processing a measurement motion request sent by a program code analyzer or a numerical control man-machine interaction subsystem, and comprises the steps of calculating and outputting linear interpolation data according to a motion direction shown by the measurement motion request and monitoring a probe trigger signal; and after finding the probe trigger signal, carrying out deceleration interpolation of the motion direction shown by the motion request, and after stopping the motion, releasing the operation lock of the program code analyzer to enable the program code analyzer to continuously operate. The interpolation algorithm of the measurement motion server is the same as linear interpolation, and can adopt a point-by-point comparison method, a numerical integration method, and other algorithms with a differential function, such as a parameter equation, and the like. The input of the measure movement service request includes the following information:
■ measures the direction of movement, i.e. the direction of movement in which the stylus touch movement is performed.
■ measuring the speed of movement, i.e. the speed at which the movement is measured
■, measuring the movement limit, giving the distance of a measuring head touch movement in the movement direction, if no measuring head touch signal is detected beyond the distance, the measuring action is terminated, and alarming: touch failures are measured.
■ the measurement signal is in place and the measurement signal from the PLC conversion is in place. The measurement movement server enters deceleration according to the flag until stopping.
The measuring motion server outputs a microscopic motion increment (each coordinate position increment of each position closed loop period) which is calculated in an interpolation mode along the motion direction of the measuring head; after the probe is decelerated and stopped, a lock release flag is output to the program code analyzer. The algorithm flow of the measure motion server is shown in fig. 4-7.
● storage and management device for system variables and user macro variables, which is responsible for the uniform registration (including memory allocation) and access operation of system variables necessary for information interaction of each component in the numerical control system software. The system variable and user macro variable storage and manager belongs to a called operation mode, does not have the requirement of autonomous operation, and can be realized in the form of a group of service functions or objects with a group of service interfaces. The register service interface allocates a memory for the new system variable, and establishes an index from the variable name to the memory address, wherein the index can include information such as the type, read-write attribute, data range and the like of the variable so as to carry out necessary verification when data access is carried out; the memory allocation may be continuous or decentralized; after the registration is finished, the address of the parameter can be returned so as to realize high-speed real-time data access. And accessing an operation service interface and realizing a service of accessing variables through the names of the variable character strings, and realizing the access and modification operation of the system variables by the system variable and user macro variable storage and management device according to the indexes generated by the registration service.
● servo position closed loop controller. And the control device is responsible for receiving a calculation result of the interpolator and carrying out position closed loop on the servo drive according to the result and the servo position information, so that the motor is controlled to drive the actuating mechanism to realize accurate position movement. The servo position closed-loop controller is provided with an operation scheduling interface and is in strict periodic (1ms,2ms,4ms and the like) cyclic operation under the scheduling of the real-time task scheduling subsystem. The position closed-loop controller can adopt conventional PID regulation and a feedforward control algorithm, takes a given position as a control target, takes motor position/angle feedback from numerical control equipment drive as feedback information, and takes speed control quantity of servo drive as control output; the calculated speed control quantity is driven by numerical control equipment and finally sent to servo execution. The servo position closed-loop controller disclosed by the invention is responsible for the work, and is also provided with a feedback latch, and the latch of a feedback counter is realized under the control of a measuring head trigger signal. The feedback latch data is sent to a system variable and user macro variable storage and manager for the program code analyzer to calculate the measured geometric characteristics.
● PLC subsystem is mainly responsible for the auxiliary functions necessary for the control of the equipment (numerical control machine), including cooling, lubricating, main shaft switch, etc. The PLC subsystem can be executed in a ladder diagram scanning mode, can also convert the ladder diagram into Boolean mnemonic symbol language, function table graph language, function module graph language and structured statement description language for interpretation and execution, or finally compiles the logic language into machine language for operation. In order to respond to an M \ S \ T instruction in an automatic processing program of the numerical control system, the PLC subsystem provides a service interface of the M \ S \ T instruction for the program code analyzer; the PLC subsystem takes the received M \ S \ T instruction as a switch for triggering the corresponding logic subprogram, and once a service request from the program code analyzer is received, the corresponding logic function subprogram is started. The PLC subsystem disclosed by the invention is responsible for converting a measuring head trigger signal accessed by a quick I/O interface into a system variable which can be accessed by numerical control system software besides the basic logic control function of the numerical control system. The system variable can be actively and periodically inquired by the measurement related module, and can also be actively notified to the measurement related module by the PLC subsystem through a message mechanism or a callback function mechanism.
● program code analyzer, mainly responsible for calling numerical control processing program file operator service interface, for providing macro data for interpolator, having certain real-time output requirement, usually program code analyzer is incorporated into real-time task scheduling in the form of real-time thread or real-time task with lower priority. The program code analyzer acquires a numerical control machining program in a unit of a line; the character string type numerical control machining program is analyzed by a lexical method (Lex can be selected). The instruction type discriminator performs classification processing on each analyzed keyword on the basis of syntactic analysis (Yacc is selected as an option), for example, the G codes are processed one by one, coordinate points are processed one by one, and M, S, T codes are processed one by one. And sending the measurement instruction identified by the instruction type discriminator to a measurement instruction analyzer for processing. The measurement command analyzer analyzes a measurement command in a measurement program or an automatic processing program including a measurement process, and calls a measurement motion server interface in the interpolator. In order to support the mixed operation of programmed automatic measurement and manual measurement, the program code parser disclosed by the invention has a state of locking operation, namely suspending operation until being unlocked externally. And when the program code analyzer processes the automatic measurement command and the manual measurement command, the program code analyzer enters a locking state, and after the measurement motion server processing the automatic measurement or manual measurement motion service request in the interpolator executes the measurement motion, the interpolator releases the locking state of the program code analyzer, and the program code analyzer continues to operate. The algorithm flow of the program code parser is shown in fig. 8.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be able to cover the technical solutions and the inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A machine tool with a programmed automatic measurement and a manual measurement mixed is characterized by comprising a numerical control machining program operator, a human-computer interaction unit, a program code analyzer and an interpolator provided with a measurement motion server; wherein,
the numerical control machining program operator is used for loading a measuring program or an automatic machining program containing a measuring procedure and sending the measuring program or the automatic machining program to the program code analyzer for analysis;
the human-computer interaction unit is used for receiving an instruction or a parameter of an operator requiring manual measurement operation and sending the instruction or the parameter to the interpolator;
the program code analyzer is used for analyzing a measuring program or an automatic processing program comprising a measuring procedure; specifically, the macro instruction in the user automatic processing program is analyzed and executed, and the macro instruction comprises expression calculation, circulation, transferring, logic judgment or read-write operation of system parameters or macro variables; particularly, a measurement instruction in a measurement program or an automatic processing program including a measurement procedure is analyzed, and a measurement motion server in the interpolator is called; meanwhile, the calculation of the measured geometric characteristics is carried out by utilizing the capability of analyzing and executing the macro instructions in the user automatic processing program; the program code analyzer is also used for locking the running state, entering the locking state when processing an automatic measurement command and a manual measurement command, and releasing the locking state of the program code analyzer by the interpolator after the measurement motion server processing the automatic measurement or manual measurement motion service request in the interpolator finishes the measurement motion, so that the program code analyzer continues to run;
the interpolator is used for executing programs or instructions from the program code analyzer and the human-computer interaction unit, and comprises a linear, circular or other conventional geometric locus motion service request program or instruction; in addition, the measurement motion server in the interpolator is used for processing a measurement motion request sent by the program code analyzer or the human-computer interaction unit, and comprises the steps of calculating and outputting linear interpolation data according to a motion direction shown by the measurement motion request, and monitoring a probe trigger signal; when a probe trigger signal is found, carrying out deceleration interpolation of a motion direction shown by a motion request, and releasing the operation lock of the program code analyzer after the motion is stopped, and otherwise, continuing to operate;
furthermore, the machine tool further comprises:
the PLC subsystem is used for converting a measuring head trigger signal accessed by the quick I/O interface into a system variable which can be accessed by numerical control system software besides the basic logic control function of the numerical control system;
the servo position closed-loop controller is used for receiving the calculation result of the interpolator and carrying out position closed-loop control on the servo drive according to the result and the servo position information so as to control the motor to drive the actuating mechanism to move; the servo position closed-loop controller is provided with a feedback latch and is used for latching the feedback counter under the control of a measuring head trigger signal.
2. An on-line measuring method for a machine tool with a mixture of programmed automatic measurement and manual measurement is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, the machine tool starts to operate according to the measuring program or the automatic processing program code containing the measuring procedure;
s2, when an automatic measurement instruction appears in the automatic processing program code running to the measurement program or including the measurement process, the machine tool carries out linear motion according to the motion direction appointed by the automatic measurement action until the measuring head is touched and generates a measuring head trigger signal, and the machine tool carries out deceleration and stop; the machine tool motion coordinate at the moment when the measuring head trigger signal is sensed is latched and is transferred to a system variable or a macro variable accessed by a measuring program or a machining program;
s3, when a manual measurement instruction appears in the automatic machining program code which runs to the measurement program or contains the measurement process, the machine tool stops moving, the automatic operation mode is locked, the manual operation mode is effective, and a user waits for manually operating the machine tool; during the period, the probe trigger signal is monitored until the probe is touched and generates a probe trigger signal, and the speed is reduced and stopped; the machine tool motion coordinate at the moment when the measuring head trigger signal is sensed is latched and is transferred to a system variable or a macro variable accessed by a measuring program or a machining program; when the trigger signal of the measuring head is monitored and the manual movement end mark condition is doubly met, the locking state of the automatic operation mode is released;
s4, the measuring program or the automatic processing program code containing the measuring procedure is continuously executed, including the steps of calculating by using the system variable or the macro variable of the coordinate position at the moment of storing the trigger signal of the measuring head to obtain the size of the geometric feature to be measured, or executing and modifying the coordinate system and the geometric parameters of the cutter; other code in the measurement program or automatic machining program including the measurement process is executed until the program is terminated.
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| CN105159205B (en) * | 2015-10-16 | 2018-04-20 | 东莞市海川数控技术有限公司 | High speed position applied to motion controller catches implementation method and device |
| CN108459557B (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2021-11-19 | 华中科技大学 | Part machining size evaluation method |
| CN109581969A (en) * | 2018-12-30 | 2019-04-05 | 深圳市五湖智联实业有限公司 | A kind of numerically-controlled machine tool data-signal side member calculation control method and control system |
| CN117226530B (en) * | 2023-11-13 | 2024-03-15 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | Automatic acquisition method and system for current data of feeding shaft of unmanned production line equipment |
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