CN102787508B - Compound felt with function of phase change and preparation process thereof - Google Patents
Compound felt with function of phase change and preparation process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102787508B CN102787508B CN201210293198.8A CN201210293198A CN102787508B CN 102787508 B CN102787508 B CN 102787508B CN 201210293198 A CN201210293198 A CN 201210293198A CN 102787508 B CN102787508 B CN 102787508B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a compound felt with the function of phase change and a preparation process. The compound felt is prepared by compounding a nonwoven felt of fibre with high-temperature resistance and phase-change powder adhered to the fibre or additional base cloth. According to the preparation method of the compound felt with the function of phase change, the phase-change powder is evenly spread on the nonwoven felt, and the phase-change powder entering the nonwoven felt is molten in different fibre layers and is also adhered to the fibre by synchronous shaking and heating control so as to form the compound felt in which the phase-change powder is in natural graded distribution. The thickness of the compound felt is not smaller than 1mm, and the weight per square meter is not smaller than 80g/m<2>. The compound felt can be independently used and can also be used as a certain layer of a compound heat insulating material. When the compound felt acts in a fire scene with high temperature and high heat, the phase-change material in the compound felt is subjected to phase change to absorb heat and limit the temperature, thus playing favorable effects of heat insulating and time-delay heating. The compound felt with the function of phase change can be used for the protection of an individual and the heat insulation of an environment in high-temperature special occasions, such as fire control, military affairs, exploration, safety escape, industries and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of intelligence, the adiabatic phase transformation composite felt can be recycled and the preparation method of composite felt, belong to the heat insulation intelligent composite technology with protecting of human body or environment temperature.
Background technology
All there is adiabatic durable requirement in the high temperature such as the scene of a fire or high thermal environment, the exploitation of therefore long-time fire-proof heat-insulating fabric is the advanced subject of research always.Durable being the most directly presented as of thermal insulation of fabric guarantees human-body safety when being exposed to high temperature or high thermal environment for a long time, and human body skin burn does not occur or burns.Phase-change material PCM (Phase Change Material) is because its phase transition process can be realized the adjusting to environment temperature, thereby has good heat insulation delay effect, so obtain applying comparatively widely in fire-proof heat-insulating textiles.
For phase transition function textiles, there are in recent years more research and patent.As the sandwich construction protective fire fighters' clothing dress of can lowering the temperature, (patent No. is: CN201020509142.8) adopt the clothes body of sandwich construction and several cold accumulation cooling-down bags that gel agent for storage of coldness that can repeat heat absorption and release is housed to realize the thermal protection in fire-fighting environment, wherein agent for storage of coldness is the functional high molecule material of the high specific heat of potential heat value more than 200kJ/kg; Made clothes can effectively reduce fireman and wear the physiology heat stress producing when protective clothing carries out long period operation, but agent for storage of coldness is directly sealed in cold accumulation cooling-down bag, and its fire-proof heat-insulating effect is limited.
(patent No. is fire safety protection clothing fabric: the composite construction that CN201020267605.4) adopts fire-retardant fireproof layer, water-proof air-permeable layer and thermal insulation layer from outside to inside, wherein thermal insulation layer is formed by nonwoven layer and the froth bed bonding that contains phase-change microcapsule, phase change material is phase transition temperature at the linear paraffin organic matter of 30～80 ℃, between fire-retardant fireproof layer and water-proof air-permeable layer, is provided with nickel-titanium shape memory alloy spring.This phase transition temperature of inventing phase-change material PCM used is too low, and phase transformation power consumption is on the low side, and heat absorption delay effect is limited.
(patent No. is intelligent temperature-regulation fabric: CN200710057493.2) alcohols PCM is embedded into thermal conductivity factor compared with making nanometer in the gel of high silica tridimensional network to micron-sized composite phase-change material, then compound PCM coating is made on the surface of weaving face fabric; The wherein stable performance of composite phase-change material and there is higher enthalpy of phase change (56～196kJ/kg) and suitable temperature adjustment interval (13～45 ℃).This invention gained temperature-regulation fabric is only applicable to 50 ℃ of following environmental conditions, cannot under the hot conditions of the scene of a fire, use.
Containing the textile cloth of phase-change material micro-capsule and packaging material, (patent No. is: be CN200610035883.5) by interspersing silk-screen technology, the microencapsulated phase change material coating that the micron that is-50～150 ℃ by phase transition temperature or nano-powder phase-change material are made makes on cloth or packaging material.Product can be used as the specific function clothes of special trades such as steel-making, fire-fighting or for packaging material of being incubated etc.This invention resulting materials is because the material heat insulating function that causes on the low side of PCM efficiency in phase-change microcapsule is limited.
(patent No. is phase-change fire resistant conveyer belt: be CN200810136563.8) that nano-silicon/alcohol phase change material is added in the formula of adhesive tape in conveyer belt, realize adhesive tape heat resisting temperature adjustable, and realize the heatproof function of 250～500 ℃ of conveyer belts.Though have higher resistance to elevated temperatures, but still can not use for a long time under the hot environment of the scene of a fire.
By above patented technology, can be found out, although gained textile fabrics or material all have certain effect of heat insulation and phase-changing and temperature-regulating performance, but phase-change material used also only limits to low temperature range (30～150 ℃), and be to be mainly then applied to textile fabrics by phase-change material being encapsulated in the microcapsules carrier system in diameter 10.0 μ m, this has affected the performance of phase-change material effect and practical for a long time to a great extent.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of lightweight, flexibility, good, the intelligent non-woven composite felt of insulation effect.Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned composite felt.
In order to achieve the above object, principle of the present invention is that phase transformation powder is sticked in high temperature resistant non-woven felt on fiber by vibration dispersion and temperature control melting, make phase transformation powder distribution gradient stick on fiber wherein in non-woven felt form fixing, when this composite felt is subject to the high heat effect of high temperature higher than phase-change material excitation temperature wherein, just can undergo phase transition and a large amount of heat absorption limit temperature, play good heat insulation and time delay intensification effect, thereby realize the isolated of the high thermal environment of scene of a fire high temperature and dissipate.
A concrete technical scheme of the present invention has been to provide a kind of phase transition function composite felt, it is characterized in that: comprise the non-woven felt of being made by high-temperature fibre, be stained with phase transformation powder on high-temperature fibre.
Preferably, in the bottom of described non-woven felt, be lined with base fabric.
Preferably, described base fabric is to use the high-temperature fibre identical with described non-woven felt or the more excellent high-temperature fibre of heat resistance to make; Described base fabric is non-weaving cloth or for woven fabric, its density is greater than described non-woven felt, with the described phase transformation powder that prevents from not adhering to, loses and strengthens made phase transition function composite felt.
Preferably, described high-temperature fibre is inorganic high-temperature resistant fiber, or is Aromatic High-temperature Resistant Fibers.
Preferably, described inorganic high-temperature resistant fiber is glass fibre or basalt fibre.
Preferably, when described high-temperature fibre is inorganic high-temperature resistant fiber, described phase transformation powder is the dusty material that solid-liquid phase change can occur at 50～600 ℃, and this dusty material is produced by nontoxic, non-volatile and non-corrosive material; When described high-temperature fibre is Aromatic High-temperature Resistant Fibers, described phase transformation powder is the dusty material that solid-liquid phase change can occur at 50～320 ℃, in order to avoid the thermal degradation damage of fiber own.
Another technical scheme of the present invention has been to provide a kind of preparation technology of above-mentioned phase transition function composite felt, it is characterized in that: phase transformation powder is sprinkling upon in non-woven felt equably, by synchronization jitter with add thermal control, the phase transformation powder that makes to enter non-woven felt melting sticking on the high-temperature fibre of non-woven felt in different fibrages, forms phase transformation powder and is the phase transition function composite felt that natural gradient distributes.
Preferably, the thickness of described phase transition function composite felt is>=1mm, and weight per square meter is at>=80g/m
2.
Another technical scheme of the present invention has been to provide the application of above-mentioned phase transition function composite felt, it is characterized in that: described phase transition function composite felt separately individual layer is used or multilayer is used, and a certain functional layer that also can be used as composite heat-insulated material is used; During use, can phase transformation powder distribution many sides are to high temperature heat source, thereby reach the effect that excites fast the gentle progressively heat absorption of limit power consumption time delay to heat up; Can also be by the few side of phase transformation powder distribution to high temperature heat source, can reach and progressively inwardly excite heat dissipation cooling wild phase changeable heat-absorbing amount gradually, to realize the intelligent and high-efficiency protection to human body or environment.
Another technical scheme of the present invention has been to provide a kind of purposes of above-mentioned phase transition function composite felt, it is characterized in that: for physical protection clothes and the environment heat-barrier material under high temperature or heat-flash filariasis field condition.
Phase transition function composite felt provided by the invention is mainly by phase-change material powder being disperseed and sticking in the small hole of high temperature resistant non-woven felt inside, add again base fabric or do not add base fabric and be composited, phase-change material distribution gradient in non-woven felt wherein, the height that makes full use of high temperature phase change material (pcm) absorbs heat dissipation performance, realizes the isolated and durable of the high temperature such as the scene of a fire or high thermal environment and the intelligent and high-efficiency protection to human body.
Compared with prior art, the present invention includes following advantage:
1, phase transition function composite felt is individual layer composite construction, and phase-change material is distribution gradient in felt, and high phase transformation content of powder when the flame, can be responded to fast to excite and consumes heat energy limit temperature and progressively inwardly excite heat dissipation limit temperature; When low phase transformation content of powder is faced flame, can progressively inwardly excite heat dissipation cooling and strengthen gradually phase transformation heat consumption, reach to the thermal dissipation of high temperature or high thermal environment and progressively cooling insulation effect, be very important intelligence, the thermal protection base material of safety and efficiently.
2, the phase transformation powder in phase transition function composite felt is when reaching its phase transformation temperature points and become liquid, be fixed in felt on fiber, can make the distribution of phase transformation powder stable, thus overcome phase transformation powder movement, gather the skewness causing, greatly improve heat absorption and heat insulation usefulness.
3,, due to the highly dense base fabric of lower lining, can guarantee the enhancing when using separately and prevent the loss of phase-change material powder.
4, phase transition function composite felt processing preparation technology is simple, can realize high temperature resistant, the high thermal shock of felt and heat insulation durability.
5, phase transition function composite felt has the single or multiple lift use separately of lightweight, flexibility, intelligence, good, the reusable feature of high high-temp stability, also a certain functional layer that can be used as composite heat-insulated material is used, and adjusting and change heat insulating function are convenient, fast.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of phase transition function composite felt;
Fig. 2 is preparation technology's flow chart.
The specific embodiment
For the present invention is become apparent, hereby with preferred embodiment, and coordinate accompanying drawing to be described in detail below.Should be understood that these embodiment are only not used in and limit the scope of the invention for the present invention is described.In addition should be understood that those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention after having read the content of the present invention's instruction, these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims limited range equally.
As shown in Figure 1, be a kind of phase transition function composite felt provided by the invention, it is characterized in that: comprise the non-woven felt 1 of being made by high-temperature fibre, on high-temperature fibre, be stained with phase transformation powder 2.
Those skilled in the art can also be as required, at the lower substrate cloth 3 of non-woven felt 1.Described base fabric 3 is to use the high-temperature fibre identical with described non-woven felt or the more excellent high-temperature fibre of heat resistance to make; Described base fabric 3 is non-weaving cloth or for woven fabric, its density is greater than described non-woven felt 1, with the described phase transformation powder 2 that prevents from not adhering to, loses and strengthens made phase transition function composite felt.
High-temperature fibre in non-woven felt 1 is inorganic high-temperature resistant fiber, for example glass fibre or basalt fibre, or be any one Aromatic High-temperature Resistant Fibers.When described high-temperature fibre is inorganic high-temperature resistant fiber, described phase transformation powder is the dusty material that solid-liquid phase change can occur at 50～600 ℃, and this dusty material is produced by nontoxic, non-volatile and non-corrosive material; When described high-temperature fibre is Aromatic High-temperature Resistant Fibers, described phase transformation powder is the dusty material that solid-liquid phase change can occur at 50～320 ℃, in order to avoid the thermal degradation damage of fiber own.
In conjunction with Fig. 2, the present invention also provides a kind of preparation technology of above-mentioned phase transition function composite felt, it is characterized in that: phase transformation powder 2 is sprinkling upon in non-woven felt 1 equably, by synchronization jitter with add thermal control, the phase transformation powder 2 that makes to enter non-woven felt 1 melting sticking on the high-temperature fibre of non-woven felt 1 in different fibrages, forms phase transformation powder 2 and is the phase transition function composite felt that natural gradient distributes.The thickness of phase transition function composite felt is>=1mm, and weight per square meter is at>=80g/m
2.
In use, described phase transition function composite felt separately individual layer is used or multilayer use, and a certain functional layer that also can be used as composite heat-insulated material is used; During use, can distribute many sides to high temperature heat source by phase transformation powder 2, thereby reach the effect that excites fast the gentle progressively heat absorption of limit power consumption time delay to heat up; Phase transformation powder 2 can also be distributed to a few side to high temperature heat source, can reach and progressively inwardly excite heat dissipation cooling wild phase changeable heat-absorbing amount gradually, to realize the intelligent and high-efficiency protection to human body or environment.
Following specific embodiment 1～5th, selects different fibrous materials, phase transformation powder and base fabric, different thickness and square metre quality, actual preparation phase transition function composite felt of the present invention, and to gained composite felt, the inner side under different hot conditions is that reverse side limits maximum temperature and lasting maximum duration is surveyed, and refers to following table.
Embodiment 1
Adopt the hierarchical structure of phase transition function composite felt of the present invention and as the material of following table, and adopt the prepared phase transition function composite felt of preparation method of the present invention, be placed under 650 ℃ of high temperature heat source conditions, the inner side of actual measurement is that the maximum temperature that limits of reverse side and lasting maximum duration thereof are as shown in following table embodiment 1 hurdle.Actual visual observations, surface is excellent, and phase-change material drips without melting, rubs and bends without obvious brittle point or crackle.Prove thus this change function composite felt fire-proof heat-insulating stable performance.
Adopt the hierarchical structure of phase transition function composite felt of the present invention and as the material of following table, and adopt the prepared phase transition function composite felt of preparation method of the present invention, be placed under 700 ℃ of high temperature heat source conditions, the inner side of actual measurement is that the maximum temperature that limits of reverse side and lasting maximum duration thereof are as shown in following table embodiment 1 hurdle.Actual visual observations, surface is excellent, and phase-change material drips without melting, rubs and bends without obvious brittle point or crackle.Prove that thus this change function composite felt heat-insulating property is good.
Adopt the hierarchical structure of phase transition function composite felt of the present invention and as the material of following table, and adopt the prepared phase transition function composite felt of preparation method of the present invention, be placed under 650 ℃ of high temperature heat source conditions, the inner side of actual measurement is that the maximum temperature that limits of reverse side and lasting maximum duration thereof are as shown in following table embodiment 1 hurdle.Actual visual observations, surface is excellent, and phase-change material drips without melting, rubs and bends without obvious brittle point or crackle.Prove that thus this change function composite felt heat-insulating property is good.
Embodiment 4
Adopt the hierarchical structure of phase transition function composite felt of the present invention and as the material of following table, and adopt the prepared phase transition function composite felt of preparation method of the present invention, be placed under 700 ℃ of high temperature heat source conditions, the inner side of actual measurement is that the maximum temperature that limits of reverse side and lasting maximum duration thereof are as shown in following table embodiment 1 hurdle.Actual visual observations, surface is excellent, and phase-change material drips without melting, rubs and bends without obvious brittle point or crackle.Prove that thus this change function composite felt heat-insulating property is good.
Embodiment 5
Adopt the hierarchical structure of phase transition function composite felt of the present invention and as the material of following table, and adopt the prepared phase transition function composite felt of preparation method of the present invention, be placed under 650 ℃ of high temperature heat source conditions, the inner side of actual measurement is that the maximum temperature that limits of reverse side and lasting maximum duration thereof are as shown in following table embodiment 1 hurdle.Actual visual observations, surface is excellent, and phase-change material drips without melting, rubs and bends without obvious brittle point or crackle.Prove that thus this change function composite felt heat-insulating property is good.
The formation of phase transition function composite felt and actual effect of heat insulation table
Claims (8)
1. a phase transition function composite felt, it is characterized in that: comprise the non-woven felt (1) of being made by high-temperature fibre, on high-temperature fibre, be stained with phase transformation powder (2), in the bottom of described non-woven felt (1), be lined with base fabric (3), described base fabric (3) is to use the high-temperature fibre identical with described non-woven felt or the more excellent high-temperature fibre of heat resistance to make; Described base fabric (3) is non-weaving cloth or for woven fabric, its density is greater than described non-woven felt (1), with the described phase transformation powder (2) that prevents from not adhering to, loses and strengthens made phase transition function composite felt.
2. a kind of phase transition function composite felt as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described high-temperature fibre is inorganic high-temperature resistant fiber, or is Aromatic High-temperature Resistant Fibers.
3. a kind of phase transition function composite felt as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: described inorganic high-temperature resistant fiber is glass fibre or basalt fibre.
4. a kind of phase transition function composite felt as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: when described high-temperature fibre is inorganic high-temperature resistant fiber, described phase transformation powder is the dusty material that solid-liquid phase change can occur at 50～600 ℃, and this dusty material is produced by nontoxic, non-volatile and non-corrosive material; When described high-temperature fibre is Aromatic High-temperature Resistant Fibers, described phase transformation powder is the dusty material that solid-liquid phase change can occur at 50～320 ℃, in order to avoid the thermal degradation damage of fiber own.
5. the preparation technology of a phase transition function composite felt as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: phase transformation powder (2) is sprinkling upon in non-woven felt (1) equably, by synchronization jitter with add thermal control, the phase transformation powder (2) that makes to enter non-woven felt (1) melting sticking on the high-temperature fibre of non-woven felt (1) in different fibrages, forms phase transformation powder (2) and is the phase transition function composite felt that natural gradient distributes.
6. the preparation technology of a kind of phase transition function composite felt as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that: the thickness of described phase transition function composite felt is>=1mm, and weight per square meter is at>=80g/m
2.
7. an application for phase transition function composite felt as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described phase transition function composite felt separately individual layer is used or multilayer use, and a certain functional layer that also can be used as composite heat-insulated material is used; During use, can distribute many sides to high temperature heat source by phase transformation powder (2), thereby reach the effect that excites fast the gentle progressively heat absorption of limit power consumption time delay to heat up; Phase transformation powder (2) can also be distributed to a few side to high temperature heat source, can reach and progressively inwardly excite heat dissipation cooling wild phase changeable heat-absorbing amount gradually, to realize the intelligent and high-efficiency protection to human body or environment.
8. a purposes for phase transition function composite felt as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: for physical protection clothes and the environment heat-barrier material under high temperature or heat-flash filariasis field condition.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103267206B (en) * | 2013-04-28 | 2015-08-19 | 上海海事大学 | Vacuum heat-insulating plate of phase-change material and glass fibre composite core material and preparation method thereof |
| CN104629691A (en) * | 2015-01-13 | 2015-05-20 | 天津市建筑科学研究院有限公司 | Stabilized phase change material for floor heating heat storage |
| CN106520077B (en) * | 2016-09-10 | 2019-09-03 | 北京工业大学 | Phase-change energy-storage fibre/SiO2Aeroge composite felt and preparation method thereof |
| CN106757762A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-05-31 | 北京宇田相变储能科技有限公司 | A kind of flocculus with intelligent thermoregulating humidity conditioning function |
| CN110744897B (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2021-10-12 | 山东斯诺尔节能建材有限公司 | Building heat-insulating coiled material containing phase-change material and preparation method thereof |
| US20220231352A1 (en) * | 2021-01-19 | 2022-07-21 | Hong Kong Applied Science And Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd. | Thermal regulatory modules useful for cooling energy packs |
| CN115372409B (en) * | 2022-08-22 | 2023-08-25 | 中南大学 | Device and method for simultaneously measuring solid-liquid phase temperature thermal conductivity of phase change material |
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| CN101250818A (en) * | 2008-03-20 | 2008-08-27 | 浙江理工大学 | Method for manufacturing intelligent thermoregulation type functional yarn |
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| CN102337673A (en) * | 2010-07-22 | 2012-02-01 | 中原工学院 | Preparation method of fire resistant phase transition thermal insulation layered fabric for firefighter clothing |
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| ATE432323T1 (en) * | 2005-11-10 | 2009-06-15 | Shell Int Research | BITUMEN COMPOSITION |
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Patent Citations (5)
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| CN101250818A (en) * | 2008-03-20 | 2008-08-27 | 浙江理工大学 | Method for manufacturing intelligent thermoregulation type functional yarn |
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| CN102337673A (en) * | 2010-07-22 | 2012-02-01 | 中原工学院 | Preparation method of fire resistant phase transition thermal insulation layered fabric for firefighter clothing |
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