CN102781265A - Enhancing the disintegration and/or degradation of a smoking article - Google Patents
Enhancing the disintegration and/or degradation of a smoking article Download PDFInfo
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- CN102781265A CN102781265A CN2010800644278A CN201080064427A CN102781265A CN 102781265 A CN102781265 A CN 102781265A CN 2010800644278 A CN2010800644278 A CN 2010800644278A CN 201080064427 A CN201080064427 A CN 201080064427A CN 102781265 A CN102781265 A CN 102781265A
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- filter
- smoking article
- membrane vesicle
- liquid
- decomposition
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
- A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
- A24D3/061—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters containing additives entrapped within capsules, sponge-like material or the like, for further release upon smoking
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
- A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
- A24D3/067—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters characterised by functional properties
- A24D3/068—Biodegradable or disintegrable
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Cigarettes, Filters, And Manufacturing Of Filters (AREA)
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
- Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)
Abstract
A filter (2) for a smoking article (1) is provided by the present invention, the filter comprising a vehicle containing a liquid capable of enhancing the disintegration and/or dispersibility of the smoking article. A method of enhancing the disintegration and/or degradation of a smoking article is also provided, wherein the smoking article comprises a vehicle containing a liquid capable of enhancing the disintegration and/or degradation of the smoking article.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to improve the decomposition and/or the degraded of used smoking article, and specifically but not exclusively relate to the decomposition and/or the degraded of the filter that improves this smoking article.
Background technology
The current available tobacco smog filte r especially problem of cigarette filter is that they possibly be difficult to handle after using.
During smoking, the wrapping paper that most of tobacco rods reaches around tobacco rods converts gas and cigarette ash in incineration course.The remainder of the smoking article of using comprises the part of sub-fraction cigarette ash, original tobacco rods and wrapping paper and by filtering plug, plug wrap and the filter that constitutes around the tipping paper that tobacco rods and filter are packed.Also there is the adhesive that these parts are secured together.The smoking article of when being exposed to steam and/or mechanical wear, using resolves into their single component usually fully in the relatively short time period.The single composition of the smoking article of using thus, can disperse and degrade subsequently.
Yet the filter material plug can not easily disperse or degrade usually.Except limited exceptional situation, plasticizer is bonding to be formed as the current curling cellulose acetate fibre of height of sizable tissue space volume that provides of smog thereby filter is all used by the contact point at them at present.The bonding contact point of this filter cell degradation speed under the home condition is very slow.Cellulose acetate fibre itself normally is difficult to biodegradable.
Though development up to now all is devoted to improve the biodegradable of filtering plug, still pay close attention to the improvement technology that is used to produce filter with higher biological degradation rate.The acceptability that meanwhile, also need keep filtration chemical property, smog characteristic and consumer that current available smoking article filter provides.
In order to produce the smoking article that comprises decomposition more easily or dispersion and easier biodegradable filter cigarettes; Expectation provides a kind of smoking article; It demonstrates the relative quick decomposition of the individual components of the smoking article of using, and follows quick dispersion and biodegradation by individual components.In other words, increase the decomposition rate of the smoking article use, thereby improve degradation rate through the degree that the increase individual components is exposed to the natural cause of degrading such as steam, sunlight, mechanical wear and aerobic bioreactor.
A method that before had been used for improving the decomposition of the smoking article filter of using relates to the expandable gel of chance water is attached to filter material so that filter is expanded with contact with moisture the time, thereby break the filter tipping paper filter material is exposed to said natural cause.
Advised that also but the paper with water decomposition makes the parts of smoking article filter-comprise filter material, filter plug wrap and tipping paper.Use can water-soluble adhesive fixes filtering plug and the coiling tipping paper is also known.
All need there be water in all these methods of improving the degraded of smoking article filters, for example from the moisture of rain, snow, dew, or from the damp soil of the residual moisture of those factors-for example.Yet in arid area short of rain, these methods may not necessarily be effective.
Another problem is can not easily degrade or biodegradation as the cellulose acetate tow of filter material usually.Thus, although the decomposition of the smoking article that the effort promotion was used, filter material itself is subsequently with non-degradable.Therefore, great majority are used to reduce the smoking article used to the burden of environment or make this smoking article of using more can all relate to the biological degradability that improves cellulose acetate fibre with the effort of environmental compatible.Used and to have replaced glyceryl triacetate-its solvent bonding to be generally used for making the cellulose acetate fibre of filter by water-soluble polymer.Alternatively, polyvinyl alcohol of soluble polymeric material-for example and ethylene-vinyl alkoxide polymer can be used for substituting cellulose acetate.Meanwhile, the tobacco smog filte r that constitutes by wadding and also be known by the tobacco filter that the regenerated celulose fibre bundle is processed through the manufacturing of wood pulp sheet.With the filter in comparison that comprises the cellulose acetate fibre bundle, these filters decompose a little more easily in the time of in being exposed to steam.
Though have than cellulose acetate obvious better alternative on environment, degradability still depends on the existence of steam usually, possibly lack steam as noted earlier in some zone.
According to top description, at least one embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of smoking article with decomposition, dispersion and/or degradation of improvement.More specifically, at least one embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of filter that is used for smoking article, and this filter can not have to degrade under the situation of water in environment.
Summary of the invention
According to a first aspect of the invention, a kind of filter that is used for smoking article is provided, this filter comprises and contains the decomposition that can improve smoking article and/or the liquid support of degraded.
Said carrier can be a membrane vesicle, and it can just be destroyed or otherwise activated so that discharge liquid before disposing smoking article, perhaps can after dispose, be destroyed or otherwise activated.Usually, thus said carrier is arranged to activated release liquid after the smoking article in suction.
Said carrier can be arranged through the vertical or bending force that affacts on the filter and activate, and the action that for example " dinches " smoking article is used for discharging liquid.Thereby the process that activates said carrier release liquid can make filter be out of shape substantially.
Said liquid one or more in can be in the following manner improve the degraded of smoking article.At first, can cause the decomposition of the various parts of smoking article, cause them to be exposed under the environment more and acceleration dispersion and biodegradation by liquid.Secondly, can directly improve the degraded of one or more parts of smoking article through this liquid.For example, can comprise can be through the filter material of the liquid degradation of being carried by said carrier for filter.Thus, for example, when the membrane vesicle that contains liquid was destroyed, said liquid was released, and the degraded of filter material is enhanced.
According to a second aspect of the invention, a kind of smoking article that comprises filter described here is provided.
The method for using of the membrane vesicle that contains the liquid that is useful on the decomposition that improves smoking article and/or degraded is provided according to a third aspect of the invention we.
According to a forth aspect of the invention, a kind of method of improving the decomposition and/or the degraded of smoking article is provided, wherein said smoking article comprises the membrane vesicle of the liquid that contains the decomposition that can improve said smoking article and/or degraded.
Description of drawings
In order to understand the present invention more fully, consult schematic accompanying drawing, each all shows the longitudinal cross-section of the single filter cigarettes of the filter (not being to draw in proportion) that comprises according to the embodiment of the present invention said accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 shows the filter according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 shows the filter according to alternate embodiment of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of filter that is used for smoking article, and this filter comprises the liquid support that contains decomposition, dispersion and/or the degraded that can improve smoking article.Said carrier preferably tolerates the manipulation of using during the smoking article, thereby and will when disposing smoking article, activated liquid contents is discharged in the filter.The decomposition of filter and degraded can be for example one or more parts (for example filter material) through filter in liquid, dissolve or degrades and directly generation.Alternatively, the improvement of degraded can for example realize indirectly owing to the environmental exposure that increases that the reason that this environmental exposure increases is the accelerated decomposition of the filter under the liquid effects.
Fig. 1 shows the smoking article 1 that comprises filter 2.Filter 2 comprises by the isolated two sections filtering plugs 3 of column substantially of cavity 6.Filtering plug and cavity are wrapped in the plug wrap 4.The membrane vesicle 5 that contains liquid is positioned at the cavity 6 of filter 2.This smoking article further comprises the cylindrical rods 7 of smokeable material, and the cylindrical rods 7 of said smokeable material is aimed at filter 2 and made the end of end butt filter 2 of said smokeable material bar 7.Said bar is wrapped in the wrapper 8, and is bonded to filter 2 in a usual manner through tipping paper 9.
Fig. 2 shows alternate embodiment, and wherein characteristic of correspondence has identical Reference numeral.The difference of this embodiment and embodiment shown in Figure 1 is that membrane vesicle 15 has microscler shape.In addition, membrane vesicle 15 is embedded in the material of filtering plug 13, rather than is positioned in the cavity in the filter 2.
Remain on liquid in the membrane vesicle and can improve the degraded of smoking article.Therefore, the selection of liquid depend on the remainder that constitutes smoking article material component and vice versa.In preferred implementation of the present invention, like following general introduction, said liquid is that the various parts of water and smoking article are to meet to a certain extent that water can disperse or moist degradable.In this way, improved the degraded of smoking article with respect to the identical smoking article that lacks moisture membrane vesicle.
In embodiment shown in Figure 2, membrane vesicle 15 is enclosed in the filter material 13.In some embodiments, filter can be the complex filter that comprises a plurality of filter segment.For example, filter shown in Figure 1 comprises that said cavity 6 comprises membrane vesicle by cavity 6 isolated two filter material sections 3.In further embodiment, said membrane vesicle can be positioned in the cavity that forms between the bar of filter material and smokeable material, and perhaps said filter can comprise the filter segment more than two, and can even comprise a plurality of cavitys.
In the embodiment illustrated in the accompanying drawings, smoking article comprises single membrane vesicle.Yet, in the alternative, can use more than one membrane vesicle, and in this embodiment, membrane vesicle will remain in the cavity segment that forms in the multistage filter usually.
Membrane vesicle can use any proper method to insert filter, and the whole bag of tricks that membrane vesicle inserts will be known by the those skilled in the art.Proper device can for example comprise the device of the Continuous Flow of source (for example bag, bobbin etc.) the supply filter material that is used for from this material.Said device can comprise further that the membrane vesicle that is used in filter material inserting or to place with predetermined space independent membrane vesicle inserts the unit.Have the filter material that is placed on membrane vesicle wherein can be received into subsequently the system lever apparatus in so that continuous bar is provided, form independent filter of the present invention thereby this bar can be divided into desired length with predetermined space subsequently again.
Usually, the disclosed membrane vesicle that in the smoking article filter, uses of prior art relates to the encapsulation process that is provided for before smoking takes place, discharging coating material.When filter did not receive significant external pressure substantially, said membrane vesicle was designed to only destroy in transportation and memory period opposing.Membrane vesicle will just in time be scratched before using smoking article, and because this is that smoking article receives significant manipulation and external pressure for the first time, said membrane vesicle needn't be solid especially.
In contrast, being used for membrane vesicle of the present invention will be destroyed after the suction smoking article, and preferably can tolerate the manipulation of the obvious degree when aspirating smoking article thus.Therefore, membrane vesicle of the present invention should than usually describe in the prior art those are more solid.Can unexpected not break be important to membrane vesicle before preparing to lose smoking article.With the contrast of expectation, this premature rupture can cause the filtering feature of smoking article to change and therefore change transmission characteristic.
On the other hand because after smoking finishes, manually membrane vesicle should easily be destroyed in the extinguishing process or during " dinching ", so said membrane vesicle within reason solid be important.The membrane vesicle that the present invention uses for example can have 1.5 and 2.5kp between, preferably 1.7 and 2kp between breaking strength.
Membrane vesicle can the ability of breaking depend on that the mode of the character of being exerted pressure designs and inserts in the filter.To mainly be applied to the peripheral surface (" laterally " pressure) of smoking article through finger and mouth by user's applied pressure during smoking.In some embodiments of the present invention, the membrane vesicle comparison can tolerate transverse pressure to prevent too early breaking.On the other hand, the process of dinching possibly relate to along the length of smoking article and applies " vertically " pressure, and therefore membrane vesicle should show the ability that the tolerance of relative reduction destroys in response to longitudinal pressure.
May be implemented in a variety of ways this direction-sense membrane vesicle elastic force.For example, membrane vesicle can be oval or the avette and therefore ability of breaking of the tolerance that shows increase when exerting pressure along relative another direction of a direction.Alternatively, can use the membrane vesicle of having strengthened especially in some zone to realize directionality elastic force.This membrane vesicle can for example be produced to have the thickness of the shell of increase at selection area.Certainly, can realize similar effect, so that destroy in response to the power that applies with concrete mode or along concrete direction or break through weakening the membrane vesicle wall in some zone.
Dinch the bending that process also can relate to filter.Therefore, in some embodiments, membrane vesicle is designed to when filter is bent or bend, show the cracking sensitivity property of increase.For example, can use can be through pinching the long column shape membrane vesicle that breaks suddenly.This microscler membrane vesicle will longitudinally be positioned in the filter, make when the filter that dinches with crooked smoking article, and their are easily crooked and break.
It is known being used at the smoking article filter release packing material especially variety of way of liquid, and is applicable to the present invention usually.Clearly, one of major consideration is that membrane vesicle should tolerate the degradation of expection content substantially.Membrane vesicle also should comprise the material of the fusing point with the temperature that is higher than the smog in the filter.
Membrane vesicle can enbrittle under stress and/or can comprise the line of weakness of line of weakness-for example, brittle point or reduction cross section.Alternatively, thrusting device can be included in the filter.
In a preferred embodiment, membrane vesicle is made up of friable material.In one embodiment, membrane vesicle is made up of low solubility, ultra high molecular weight polyethylene alcohol.A plurality of suitable alternative materials are known, and through example, the membrane vesicle that can use pharmacy industry to adopt usually.This membrane vesicle for example can be a gum base, or can be by polymeric material-for example modified cellulose forms.Spendable a kind of modified cellulose is a hydroxypropyl methylcellulose.Many biodegradable material applicable to membrane vesicle production is known, and these materials comprise HMW polyoxyethylene glycol, PLA, plastic starch biological degradation material, polycaprolactone, polyglycolide, such as the living matter plastic cement that hydroxyl alkane ester and zein fiber derive from that gathers of poly 3-hydroxy butyrate.
Alternatively, membrane vesicle can comprise the thin-walled glass pipe of certain-length, the end of said glass tube can be through heating or use can bear before the smoking or during the material of manual control seal, but said material can break after smoking.Other suitable materials comprise thin-wall aluminium pipe or hollow food material, and for example dough or reclaimed tobacco material extrudes hollow tube.The inwall of membrane vesicle material can advantageously apply and varnish or waterproof material-silicon for example, thereby through preventing through absorbing liquid contents over a long time or being degraded the rigidity of diaphragm capsule material by liquid contents.
Membrane vesicle can alternatively comprise wax, resin, natural or asynthetic rubber, latex or in room temperature with keeping its shape and intensity under the smoking temperature but break so that discharge the plastics of liquid contents when extinguishing smoking article exerting pressure.The example of suitable wax comprises beeswax, candelila wax, Brazil wax, shellac wax, wax palm palmitic acid, sugarcane wax, myrtle wax and pertroleum wax.
Suitable resin comprises epoxy resin, terpene resin, Petropols, ester rubber, phenolic resins and rosin resin.Preferred rubber comprises Arabic gum, locust bean, cluster bean, alginate, carrageenan and pectin.
Preferably, the material of said formation membrane vesicle can not influence the taste of main smoke stream when smoking.
Membrane vesicle can various physical form form, and comprises single part or multipart membrane vesicle, big membrane vesicle, little membrane vesicle, mocromembrane capsule etc.A plurality of different membrane vesicle structures are applicable to the present invention; For example, said membrane vesicle can be substantially sphere (as shown in Figure 1), avette, oval (as shown in Figure 2), cylindricality and maybe can approach polygon water chestnut mirror shape.
Membrane vesicle can be colored.For example, membrane vesicle can comprise coloring agent.Said coloring agent can be used for making membrane vesicle during manufacture process, more easily to be positioned in the filter.Alternatively or additionally, if especially one or more membrane vesicle will be only partially enclosed in filter material, if perhaps tipping paper will have transparent window portion, coloring agent can be smoking article interested or attractive outward appearance is provided.
Alternatively or in addition, the liquid that remains in the membrane vesicle can be colored.The extra visual signal that this will successfully discharge with liquid and will be enhanced with the degraded of the smoking article of crossing to the user.Dyeing liquid also has the added benefit that can be used as indication when membrane vesicle before the smoking during cracking.This color will be warned the smoker, and smoking article has damaged and should not have been aspirated.
The size of membrane vesicle obviously depends on the volume of required liquid, but should consider that the membrane vesicle that exists in the filter should not influence the filtration of filter or the fact of suction properties unfriendly.
In a preferred implementation, the diameter of membrane vesicle is 5mm.Usually, the diameter of membrane vesicle can be up to 80% of smoking article diameter.Preferably, the membrane vesicle diameter is up to 70%, 60% or 50% of the diameter of smoking article.For example, the diameter of membrane vesicle can 2 and 7mm between, and preferably this diameter 4 and 6mm between.
Membrane vesicle should enough improve the degraded of smoking article greatly with the content that holds q.s.Required volume will change according to the component of the remainder of the character that remains on the liquid in the membrane vesicle, smoking article and the relevant ability of the degraded that liquid improves smoking article.The volume of membrane vesicle can be up to 60%, 50%, 40% or 30% of filter cumulative volume.Yet, thereby should balance need the needs of the degree of filtration that needs be provided with in filter, keeping enough filter materials for the big volume of liquid.
Though expect that more the volume of membrane vesicle is big as far as possible, along with the increase of membrane vesicle size, the risk of membrane vesicle results in premature failure also increases.In addition, membrane vesicle is big more, and is big more to the obstruction of smog flow path.Therefore, for the amount of liquid that meets the needs of, expect that more filter comprises two, three, four or more a plurality of membrane vesicle.For example, a plurality of membrane vesicles can rule be located along the length of filter at interval.Alternatively, a plurality of membrane vesicles can be in filter-locate cluster in the cavity that for example between two sections filter materials, forms.
Alternatively, can use long column shape or ellipsoid membrane vesicle (or pipe), the length of said membrane vesicle (or pipe) equals the suitable vast scale of filter length or even equals the entire length of filter.The diameter of this membrane vesicle can be up to 5mm.
Can use a plurality of membrane vesicles that comprise different liquids.
In some embodiments, said one or more membrane vesicle can further be encapsulated in second membrane vesicle, the protective sleeve etc.This can allow the bigger protection to accident or results in premature failure or accidental spillage.In this way, can use single wall or many walls membrane vesicle with simplification of concrete design membrane vesicle stability, intensity, rupture resistance, filter manufacture process etc.
Can use any proper method to make membrane vesicle, the method for making membrane vesicle obviously depends on required accurate composition and formation.The whole bag of tricks of manufacturing membrane vesicle-comprise that such as collaborative technology of extruding, rotating coating, cohesion, interfacial polymerization, solvent evaporation and annular spray moulding will be that the those skilled in the art knows.
At some membrane vesicle is in the embodiment of seamless membrane vesicle, can use common extrusion to produce membrane vesicle.Collaborative extrusion is extruded two kinds of liquid that form shell and membrane vesicle content (or " core ") subsequently synchronously.First (collaborative extruding) step relates at the inner drop with liquid core material that forms of liquid shell material.After this collaborative extrusion step, through cooling or for example through solidifying membrane vesicle in the immersion curing agent.Membrane vesicle can receive various processing subsequently, for example washes, removes excess liq, dyes, applies additional coatings etc.
Alternatively, can use the annular spray forming technique.This method uses two concentric nozzle to carry out the injection of interior atomizing of liquids core material and outer atomizing of liquids shell material.Fluid stream be fragmented into drop and liquid shell material through by ion interconnection, pH value difference not, the phase transition that causes of the existence of variations in temperature etc. solidifies.
Comprise in some embodiment of cere capsule at membrane vesicle, can for example form membrane vesicle until the method that forms small crystals through the solution that comprises the frozen liq core material.According to this method, crystal drops onto subsequently in the fusing wax and after forming the wax coat around crystals cooled and removes through spatula.Along with the coating membrane vesicle reaches room temperature, freezing core material becomes liquid gradually.
In the alternative, membrane vesicle can be made on the spot.For example, be included in the embodiment of the long column shape membrane vesicle that extends on the whole length of filter,, can construct membrane vesicle through managing continuously to be crimped onto in the filter length section as the part of filter manufacture process at membrane vesicle.
Remain on liquid in the membrane vesicle and can be any liquid of the degraded of one or more materials that can improve the remainder that constitutes smoking article.Obviously, the character of liquid depends on the material composition of smoking article and vice versa.
Can below one or more modes improve the decomposition and/or the degraded of smoking article.At first, can improve the decomposition of smoking article, thus the degree that causes individual components significantly to increase being exposed to environment and make accelerated degradation more easily thus.Secondly, can directly improve the one or more degraded in the individual components, one or more in the for example said parts can be dissolved or otherwise reacted with the liquid that remains in the membrane vesicle.
Smoking article generally includes the various parts of bonding smoking article and holds them in a plurality of different paper (tipping paper, plug wrap and tobacco paper) together.In some embodiments, the dispersion of the adhesive of bonding these paper and/or said Hard copy body is through the improvement that is used for of the liquid in the membrane vesicle.In a preferred implementation, this liquid is water, and this adhesive is to be dissolvable in water water maybe can be scattered in the adhesive in the water, and plug wrap and tipping paper comprise the decomposable paper of chance steam.Thus, when membrane vesicle broke, water acted on adhesive, plug wrap and the tipping paper, thereby improved the decomposition of smoking article and quicken the environment degradable of the various parts of smoking article.
Can improve the degraded of smoking object in several ways with liquid.When membrane vesicle broke, liquid was released and can moves and spread all over smoking article.In some embodiments, the liquid that remains in the membrane vesicle is the aqueous solution, and one or more can certain mode the degraded by water in the remainder of smoking article for example constitutes by can water-solublely separating the material that maybe can be scattered in the water.In one embodiment, the liquid in the membrane vesicle is water, and filter material is water-solublely to separate the polyvinyl alcohol of the material that maybe can be scattered in the water-for example.
In the alternative, can use other liquid in the membrane vesicle, and the component of the miscellaneous part of smoking article is depended in the selection of obvious employed liquid.
Usually, the preferred liquid of using in the membrane vesicle is the aqueous solution, and most preferred liquid is water.Can use faintly acid or alkaline solution.Usually, can use can poisonous or harmful to the user potentially any liquid.With regard to the unexpected results in premature failure of membrane vesicle, also be important to the poisonous or harmful product of user potentially thereby there is not the miscellaneous part degraded generation of smoking article.
Liquid can be colored.This can be used as the visual signal that membrane vesicle has broken, and this possibly be important owing to two reasons.At first, if membrane vesicle destroys prematurely, this will notify the user, warn user's smoking article should not aspirated thus.Secondly, when the user attempts destroying membrane vesicle, this will be used for confirming that to the user in fact membrane vesicle breaks satisfactorily.Thereby also can be used as to stimulate, the interesting possibility of observing dyeing liquid impel the user when losing smoking article, to break membrane vesicle.
In some embodiments, the degraded of smoking article is through the one or more-for example improvement of the chemical reaction between the filter material in the remainder of liquid and smoking article.Being included in chemicals in the membrane vesicle may be selected to be with the specific features of smoking article and specifically reacts.Alternatively, chemicals can demonstrate selected ability less and smoking article chemical reaction and degraded smoking article, and for example said chemicals can be weakly acidic solutions.
Filter can comprise that two or more contain the membrane vesicle of different liquids.Different liquids can one reacts or liquid that otherwise thereby combination forms the degraded that can improve smoking article.Alternatively, the different parts of smoking article can receive the degraded of different liquids.
In some embodiments, membrane vesicle contains the solution as microorganism, insect or other organic attractants.Thus, the degradation rate of smoking article is improved through the organic effect of living effectively.
According to these embodiments, membrane vesicle can contain environmentally acceptable aqueous solution, for example glucose (or other sugar juices), salt (as saline solns) or starch (as rare corn starch syrup).One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that in all these embodiments, the material chosen that constitutes the remainder of smoking article is important to the promotion action of microorganisms.
Membrane vesicle will break when disposing smoking article, and often, the smoking article of using is associated with the smell of not expecting.Therefore, except degradation, liquid can have the quality of deodorizing in addition.Alternatively, independently degrade and deodorize and be attached in the filter in the independent membrane vesicle that liquid can break at the same time.
Deodorizer can be nertralizer or screening agent, or the combination of nertralizer and screening agent.
Preferred deodorizer comprises 2-anti--3; 7-dimethyl-2,6-octadiene-8-alcohol (being known as geraniol usually), l-carvol, l-carveol, terpinyl acetate, geranyl propionate, citronellyl butyrate, leaf-alcohol, glyceryl triacetate, benzyl benzoate, acetone, safrole, terpinyl propionate, gaultherolin, jasminolene, isopropyl alcohol, triethylene glycol diacetate esters (triethylglycol diacetate) (TEGDA), OdorGone
TM, methyl cinnamic acid, linalyl propionate, acetic acid, citronellal, citronellyl formate, geranyl formate and linalool.The mixture of these compounds also is suitable.The aromatic of many other screening agents-for example-such as the essential oil that uses in the fragrant flower bag also is to be applicable to suitable compound of the present invention.
The filter material that uses in the filter of the current obtainable smoking article of the overwhelming majority is made up of cellulose acetate fibre and can easily decompose or biodegradation.
The filter material of an embodiment of the invention is made up of polyvinyl alcohol.Polyvinyl alcohol can be used as relatively inexpensive and nontoxic thermoplasticity, can be water-soluble, solid polymer is purchased.Polyvinyl alcohol is unique, and it is unique biodegradable, carbon-to-carbon backbone polymer, and this polymer can be at complete biodegradable under the environmental condition.Thus, in the embodiment that illustrates, when losing the smoking article of using, for example through the press filtration device, or through trampling the smoking article of using, the user is broken membrane vesicle.This can discharge the water that is included in the membrane vesicle, and said water moves and spreads all over filter, and promotes the degraded of polyvinyl alcohol filter material.
In the alternative, can use the material of other water-degradables, for example starch, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, PLA, wadding or the regenerated celulose fibre bundle processed by the wood pulp sheet.
As above-described, liquid possibly be not used in the dissolution filter modulator material, but can improve the degraded of smoking article through some other mechanism.For example, in some embodiments, filter material can be to have used can water-soluble plasticizer to come bonding cellulose acetate fibre and the cellulose acetate that produces.According to these embodiments, liquid can be water, and miscellaneous part-for example plug wrap, tipping paper and/or adhesive also can preferably can water-solublely be separated or can in water, be disperseed.Therefore, the decomposition of the parts that the breaking of membrane vesicle causes filter comprises dispersing or dissolving of plasticizer.Therefore, cellulose acetate fibre no longer adheres to each other, and the filter material decomposition, and independently cellulose acetate fibre can disperse.As use can water-soluble plasticizer alternative, can use the cellulose acetate fibre of non-woven or loose processing.
Promote that at liquid filter can further comprise the material or the powder that can under the effect of liquid, expand in the embodiment of decomposition of parts of smoking article.In this way, the expansion that causes this material and therefore filter is broken of breaking of membrane vesicle.The suitable material that can expand will be that one of ordinary skill in the art know.For example, when contacting, the material that expands is comprised carboxymethyl cellulose, the starch that can in water, disperse, converted starch and super adsorpting polymerization thing-for example acrylic acid and the cross-linked copolymer of PAA or the cross-linked copolymer of acrylamide and potassium acrylate with water.These materials can for example be attached in the filter with powder type, and when being exposed to water-for example from the water of membrane vesicle of the present invention, will expand.Expansion separates the component physical ground of filter, thereby improves the decomposition of structure and the dispersion of parts.
In other embodiments, liquid can be comprise can degraded cellulose the aqueous solution of fiber ferment of biologic product-for example.
In some embodiments, filter material can comprise paper.But liquid can be with dissolving paper not will still improve the water of its decomposition and degraded.
Can use itself not biodegradable but can be through remaining on the filter material that is used for decomposing or changing into biodegradable form of the particular chemical thing in the membrane vesicle.
Many smoking articles are configured in the smog that is aspirated along smoking article by the user, comprise flavorant.This is combined in the filter of smoking article through the membrane vesicle that will contain flavorant usually and realizes.In this smoking article, packing prevents that volatile flavorant from evaporating prematurely, thereby wherein membrane vesicle breaks and before using smoking article, discharges flavorant.Yet this method for smoking article interpolation spices significantly can not be compatible with degradable smoking article described here.This is because the rate of filled vacancy of the membrane vesicle that needs in the filter is different, and the fact that should before smoking, break of flavorant membrane vesicle, yet the membrane vesicle of degradation liquid should be destroyed when disposing the smoking article of using.
Therefore, In some embodiments of the present invention, filter can comprise the silk thread that passes through to the mouth end along the longitudinal axis of filter from the tobacco rod end.According to these embodiments, silk thread loads aromatic material or flavorant.Thus, along with smog is aspirated along smoking article, remain on flavorant in the silk thread and become and be rolled in the smog.The use of being rich in the silk thread of flavorant also provides flavorant has been attached to the plain mode in the smoking article filter, thereby the change that manufacture process is needed is minimum.
As in this use, term " flavouring agent ", " spices " and " flavorant " means and can be used for forming the taste of expectation or the material of fragrance.Preferred flavorant comprises extract (licorice for example; Hydrangea; Day raw white skin flower bud of lily magnolia lily magnolia leaf; Chamomile; Faenum graecum; Cloves; Menthol; Cornmint; The anise seed; Chinese cassia tree; Vanilla; Wintergreen; Cherry; Berry; Peach; Apple; Reach nurse platinum (Dramboui); The bourbon; Scotland; Whiskey; Spearmint; Peppermint; Lavender; Cardamom; Celery; Bitter skin is fragrant; Nutmeg; Santal; Bergamot; Fish pelargonium; Honey essence; Attar of rose; Vanilla; Lemon oil; Orange oil; Cassia; Carum carvi; Ke Nake; Jasmine; Ylang-ylang; Sage; Fennel; Many fruital; Ginger; Anise; Coriandrum; Coffee or from the peppermint oil of peppermint family any kind of); The perfume masking agent; Bitterness receptors position blocking agent; The acceptor site reinforcing agent; Sweetener (Sucralose for example; Acesulfame potassium; The aspartame; Asccharin; Cyclamate; Lactose; Sucrose; Glucose; Fructose; D-sorbite or sweet mellow wine) chlorophyll of and other additives-for example; Mineral matter; Plant or flavorants.They can be that synthesize or natural component or their mixtures that copy, artificial.
The preferred material that is used to make silk thread is a cotton thread, yet also can use other materials-for example cellulose acetate and artificial silk or such as the natural material of string.According to these embodiments, remain on liquid in the membrane vesicle and can degrade and be rich in the silk thread of flavorant.
In some preferred implementation of the present invention, can be used as plug wrap, tobacco paper and tipping paper through the paper of steam degraded.When membrane vesicle broke, water was released and the degraded of wrapping paper improves thus, thereby promoted the decomposition of smoking article.
In the alternative, one or more paper that are used for smoking article maybe not can by water decomposition, but otherwise biodegradation.In other embodiments, one or more Hard copy bodies can biodegradation but can through remain in the membrane vesicle the particular chemical thing-for example the effect of weakly acidic solution is decomposed.
In order to produce unique visual effects, in some embodiments, filter comprises the transparent window that allows the membrane vesicle in visualization filter material and/or the filter.In some this embodiment, membrane vesicle remains in the cavity that forms between two filter materials and transparent window is partly aimed at the cavity of filter material.In this way, for the user provides the effect unique of the membrane vesicle in can the visualization filter, and this just can be used as the indicant that destroys membrane vesicle in case aspirate smoking article.In order to produce the effect of transparent window; Tipping paper can comprise the single-piece transparent material, and said single-piece transparent material can be but be not limited to polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), cellulose acetate film, mylar (PET), PEO (PEOX), polyethylene, glassine paper, Natureflex
TM, PLA, plastic starch biological degradation material, polycaprolactone, polyglycolide, such as a kind of in the living matter plastic cement that hydroxyl alkane ester and zein fiber derive from of gathering of poly 3-hydroxy butyrate.Tipping paper has opaque coat on specific part, so that form the transparent section that is not coated that limits window.Because this material will with contact from user's the mouth and the steam of finger, so the transparent material that uses maybe can not dissolve or be processed with water-fast outside coat.According to these embodiments that comprise transparent material, remain on liquid in the membrane vesicle this transparent material of can degrading.
Adhesive is generally used for the seam of plug wrap, tipping paper and the cigarette paper of bonding smoking article.In preferred implementation of the present invention, the adhesive that use can water-solublely be separated or can in water, disperse.The water that when membrane vesicle breaks, discharges from said membrane vesicle causes the adhesive effect between the various parts of smoking article to lose efficacy, thus the degree and accelerated decomposition and the biodegradation more easily thus that cause individual components significantly to increase being exposed to environment.
Being used for the bonding adhesive of preferably can water-solublely separating in slit is the liquid starchy adhesive.Also can use hot-melt adhesive or EVA and PVA adhesive.
In some embodiments, one or more in the employed adhesive are not available water-soluble adhesives.In this situation, the solvent that is used for softening or dissolved adhesive is maintained in the membrane vesicle, thereby promotes the decomposition of smoking article.
Be described to membrane vesicle in the above generally though contain the decomposition that can improve smoking article and/or the liquid support of dispersion, also can use other to contain the carrier of fluid.For example, directly in filter material, form or depression or capsule, break when being used in the suction smoking article through forming such as poly separate material.In addition, spongiform porous material-for example the foamed plastic polymer can be used for comprising fluid, in case smoking article is aspirated, said fluid can discharge through extruding or torsion action.Concerning one of ordinary skill in the art, the layout that contains fluid that other are suitable also will be conspicuous.
Above-described content is considered to preferred implementation of the present invention.Yet one of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that, under the situation of the scope of the present invention that does not depart from the accompanying claims qualification, can make multiple change and remodeling to the present invention.
Claims (18)
1. filter that is used for smoking article, this filter comprises carrier, said carrier contains the decomposition that can improve said smoking article and/or the liquid of degraded.
2. filter as claimed in claim 1, wherein said liquid can improve the dispersion of said smoking article.
3. like claim 1 or the described filter of claim 2, wherein said carrier comprises membrane vesicle.
4. as the described filter of aforementioned each claim, thus wherein said carrier is arranged to after having aspirated said smoking article, activated and discharges said liquid.
5. filter as claimed in claim 4, wherein said carrier are arranged through the vertical or bending force that affacts on the said filter and activate.
6. like claim 4 or 5 described filters, make said filter distortion substantially thereby wherein activate the process that said carrier discharges said liquid.
7. like the described filter of aforementioned each claim, wherein said liquid improves the decomposition of the parts of said filter.
8. like the described filter of aforementioned each claim, wherein said liquid is water.
9. like the described filter of aforementioned each claim, wherein said filter comprises the filter material that can in water, dissolve, expand or disperse.
10. filter as claimed in claim 9, wherein said filter material is a polyvinyl alcohol.
11. as the described filter of aforementioned each claim, wherein said filter comprises plug wrap, tipping paper and adhesive, and wherein one or more in these plug wrap, tipping paper and the adhesive can dissolve in water, expand or disperse.
12. like the described filter of aforementioned each claim, wherein said carrier comprises biodegradable material.
13. like the described filter of aforementioned each claim, wherein said carrier comprises the membrane vesicle that has greater than the breaking strength of 1.7kp.
14. as the described filter of aforementioned each claim, wherein said carrier comprises the membrane vesicle of 50% volume with cumulative volume of being not more than said filter.
15. filter that is used for smoking article as illustrating and describing among the application substantially.
16. one kind comprises the smoking article like the described filter of aforementioned each claim.
17. method for using that contains the liquid support that is useful on the decomposition that improves smoking article and/or degraded.
18. comprising, a method of improving the decomposition and/or the degraded of smoking article, wherein said smoking article contain the decomposition that can improve said smoking article and/or the liquid support of degraded.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0922254.8 | 2009-12-21 | ||
| GBGB0922254.8A GB0922254D0 (en) | 2009-12-21 | 2009-12-21 | Enhancing the disintegration and/or degradation of a smoking article |
| PCT/GB2010/052177 WO2011077141A1 (en) | 2009-12-21 | 2010-12-21 | Enhancing the disintegration and/or degradation of a smoking article |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102781265A true CN102781265A (en) | 2012-11-14 |
Family
ID=41717266
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010800644278A Pending CN102781265A (en) | 2009-12-21 | 2010-12-21 | Enhancing the disintegration and/or degradation of a smoking article |
Country Status (15)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20130047999A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2515688A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2013514802A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20120103727A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN102781265A (en) |
| AR (1) | AR081053A1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2010334634A1 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR112012015710A2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2784479C (en) |
| CL (1) | CL2012001701A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB0922254D0 (en) |
| MX (1) | MX2012006678A (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2012131045A (en) |
| UA (1) | UA103712C2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2011077141A1 (en) |
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| CN105228474A (en) * | 2013-05-14 | 2016-01-06 | 菲利普莫里斯生产公司 | Comprise the smoking product of liquid delivery member and packaging material |
| CN106998793A (en) * | 2014-12-03 | 2017-08-01 | 菲利普莫里斯生产公司 | Smoking product with the current limiter suitable for promoting filter degraded |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103648311A (en) * | 2011-08-10 | 2014-03-19 | 深圳梵活生物科技有限公司 | Cigarette filter and manufacturing method thereof, cigarette and method of use thereof |
| CN103917116A (en) * | 2011-11-07 | 2014-07-09 | 菲利普莫里斯生产公司 | Smoking article with colour change segment |
| US9497991B2 (en) | 2011-11-07 | 2016-11-22 | Philip Morris Products S.A. | Smoking article with colour change segment |
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| US10178878B2 (en) | 2013-05-14 | 2019-01-15 | Philip Morris Products S.A. | Smoking article including a liquid delivery member and a wrapper |
| CN105228474B (en) * | 2013-05-14 | 2019-06-18 | 菲利普莫里斯生产公司 | Smoking product including liquid delivery member and packaging material |
| CN106998793A (en) * | 2014-12-03 | 2017-08-01 | 菲利普莫里斯生产公司 | Smoking product with the current limiter suitable for promoting filter degraded |
| CN106998793B (en) * | 2014-12-03 | 2020-06-26 | 菲利普莫里斯生产公司 | Smoking article with flow restrictor adapted to promote filter degradation |
| CN107183783A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-09-22 | 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 | A kind of high retention efficiency filter for preventing that filter tip heat from collapsing |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| RU2012131045A (en) | 2014-01-27 |
| MX2012006678A (en) | 2012-07-30 |
| CA2784479C (en) | 2014-04-08 |
| JP2013514802A (en) | 2013-05-02 |
| BR112012015710A2 (en) | 2016-05-17 |
| KR20120103727A (en) | 2012-09-19 |
| AU2010334634A1 (en) | 2012-07-19 |
| GB0922254D0 (en) | 2010-02-03 |
| WO2011077141A1 (en) | 2011-06-30 |
| UA103712C2 (en) | 2013-11-11 |
| CL2012001701A1 (en) | 2013-07-12 |
| CA2784479A1 (en) | 2011-06-30 |
| US20130047999A1 (en) | 2013-02-28 |
| AR081053A1 (en) | 2012-06-06 |
| EP2515688A1 (en) | 2012-10-31 |
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