CN1027808C - Chemical additives for aerated concrete - Google Patents
Chemical additives for aerated concrete Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1027808C CN1027808C CN 90100359 CN90100359A CN1027808C CN 1027808 C CN1027808 C CN 1027808C CN 90100359 CN90100359 CN 90100359 CN 90100359 A CN90100359 A CN 90100359A CN 1027808 C CN1027808 C CN 1027808C
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- China
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- agar
- aluminium powder
- amino acid
- natural amino
- adds
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a chemical additive for aerated concrete in building material. The chemical additive is suitably used for the aerated concrete with the cement dosage of less than 10% and aluminium powder as a gas forming agent. The chemical additive is prepared by the following steps: adopting one or two kinds of organic-acidic alkali metallic or alkali earth metallic salt; adding natural amino acid agaropectin or adding triethanolamine, sodium sulphate and ferric chloride, etc.; mixing the adopted raw materials and making the mixed raw materials to react with each other. The chemical additive can reduce the dosage of cement and aluminium powder.
Description
The present invention relates to the chemical admixture that gas concrete is used in a kind of material of construction, particularly a kind of cement consumption be lower than 10% be the chemical admixture that the gas concrete of foaming agent is used with the aluminium powder.
Gas concrete is with aggregate such as heat power plant's flyash and a certain amount of as the cement, lime and the gypsum that glued joint material, after stirring under certain ratio of water to material condition, drops into the foaming agent aluminium powder again, stirs the back and injects mould.Lime reaction generates hydrogen in homodisperse aluminum particle and the system, the bubble that makes base substrate produce a large amount of uniform distribution, not gang up mutually.After having certain intensity, cut out the type of being slit into, send into steam still mesohigh, high-temperature vapour maintenance again and make the aerated concrete products that has from features such as heavy and light, good heat insulating.
In recent years, produce the main raw material cement of gas concrete and the price of aluminium powder and go up significantly, and cement and aluminium powder to account for 70% approximately in raw materials cost, add the supply wretched insufficiency of aluminium powder again, the institute so that the gas concrete product cost go up significantly, add the material performance instability, pouring stability is poor, the scrap rate height, unit weight exceeds standard, every cubic metre of energy consumption cost also increases, and makes each relevant factory economy benefit low, how depressedly produces.
At present both at home and abroad, in the gas concrete that uses cement, various chemical admixtures have been used, in be lower than 10% gas concrete without cement or cement consumption, still do not have suitable polycomponent compound chemical admixture, can play excite, activate, surely bubble, multiviscosisty, promotion disperse, accelerate aquation, increase gas concrete intensity and reduce effects such as aluminium powder consumption.
The object of the invention provides a kind of chemical admixture that non-cement or cement consumption are lower than 10% gas concrete that is used for, under the manufacturing condition that does not change existing all kinds of gas concrete factory, can reduce foaming agent aluminium powder consumption, can improve pouring stability, reduce the mould that collapses, reduction in the numbers of seconds, be convenient to produce qualified unit weight product, reduce the material consumption and the energy consumption of unit cubic meter, can improve the internal performance of gas concrete simultaneously, as unit weight, resistance to compression and anti-freezing property.
The present invention is achieved in that according to the raw-material different characteristics in various places, as aluminium powder of dry discharge fly ash, warm discharge coal ash, wet-discharged coal ash and the different situations of getting angry etc., adopt the basic metal or the alkaline earth salt of one or both organic acids (resin acid, stearic acid, benzene series sulfonic acid, xylogen acid), add the natural amino acid agar-agar, or adding trolamine, sodium sulfate, iron trichloride and graphite etc. again, hybrid reaction is made multi-component organic and inorganic composite chemical admixture.
In the chemical admixture of the present invention rosin acid sodium, organic sulfonate etc. play excite, effects such as degrease (slough aluminium powder surface grease) activation, steady bubble, make getting angry rapidly of aluminium powder, fully and steadily, reduce the loss of aluminium powder reaction, thereby reduction aluminium powder consumption.Wherein natural amino acid agar-agar, iron trichloride, sodium sulfate etc. play thickening, promote to condense sclerization in early days.
The effect of cement in the gas concrete of former technology is to impel the concrete material that is poured into mould, and setting and harden within a certain period of time, makes base substrate have certain intensity with constantly getting angry fully of aluminium powder, to guarantee cutting.And the final strength of goods only depend on crystalline state that silicon materials and calcium oxide reaction under final high temperature, the high-pressure steaming and cultivating generates silicate and number how much.Be compensation because of not using cement or few calcium oxide content that reduces with cement, total throwing amount that should former relatively technology increase lime.Former technology weight percent is: flyash: cement: lime: gypsum=65-70: 10-15: 15: 5, in non-cement technology, its weight percent should be: flyash: lime: gypsum=72-75: 20-22: 5-6.Simultaneously,, adopt the ratio of water to material of certain teeming temperature and influence degree of spreading out,, also, production cycle is normally carried out with coupling clipping time to guarantee the base substrate sclerosis and to get angry coupling according to each factory's particular case.
To getting angry too early aluminium powder or do not have the aluminium powder (dropped into 2 minutes, gas forming amount is greater than 20%) of ointment protection, adopt water glass (water glass), bicarbonate of ammonia and Tai-Ace S 150 etc. to cause blunt protection, the aluminium powder utilization ratio is improved, the consumption reduction.
More than make between blunt protection thing of causing of aluminium powder and the aluminium powder (weight percent) by following mixed or be dissolved in the water:
A, aluminium powder: water glass: bicarbonate of ammonia=90: 8: 2
B, aluminium powder: Tai-Ace S 150: bicarbonate of ammonia=90: 9: 1
Concrete prescription (weight percent) sees Table 1.
Fill a prescription in the table 1 and 1,2,3,4,5 and 6 be the concrete chemical admixture of direct input.Wherein fill a prescription and 1,2 be used for dry discharge fly ash; Prescription 3,4,5 is applicable to the warm discharge coal ash of poor activity, can regulate and condense and setting time.Wherein fill a prescription and 5 be mainly used in the aluminium powder kind (dropped into 16 minutes, gas forming amount is less than 60%) of getting angry slow; Prescription 6 is used for wet-discharged coal ash; Prescription 7 and 8 is used for wet-discharged coal ash and uses the aluminium powder of getting angry too early or not having the ointment protection.
Advantage of the present invention and effect are:
(1) facility investment of production chemical admixture of the present invention is little, and technology is easy to grasp, and reaction time is short, and it is self-produced personal also to be fit to the aero-crete factory.
(2) original gas concrete production technique and equipment can not changed.
(3) chemical admixture of the present invention belongs to polycomponent, and low-dosage, cost are not high, and every cubic metre takes 0.8 yuan approximately.
(4) can reduce aluminium powder consumption 15-20% than current technology.Reduce to the 460-520 gram as every cubic metre of 500 grades of product of unit weight by the 590-630 gram, add again and use no or little cement, every cubic metre of price of last aerated concrete products is descended 8 yuan.
(5) can improve and pour into power, reduce substandard products, can make the percentage of A-class goods improve more than 5%.
(6) unit weight reduces.As use Xi'an heat power plant dry discharge fly ash, and former technology unit weight on average is about 590kg/m(and adds cement), do not add cement and use chemical admixture of the present invention can reduce to 530kg/m, belong to 500 grades of products, and every cubic metre of starting material can be saved more than 10%.
(7) can make the base substrate sclerosis and the coupling of getting angry, also with coupling clipping time, avoid pressing mold, production cycle is normally carried out, output increases.
(8) wood property of gas concrete is improved.As use the temperature ash discharge of Liaoyang heat power plant, ultimate compression strength is 2MPa under the former technology; Do not add cement, use chemical admixture of the present invention
Table 1
The chemical additives for aerated concrete prescription
Numbering is formed (weight percent)
Rosin acid sodium: natural amino acid agar-agar: Graphite Powder 99: iron trichloride=50-
1 60∶33-43∶5∶2
Rosin acid sodium: natural amino acid agar-agar: sodium stearate (carbon number 10-20)
2 ＝35-40∶50-55∶8-10
Rosin acid sodium: natural amino acid agar-agar: calcium lignin sulphonate: sodium sulfate=45
3 -50∶35-40∶8∶6-8
Rosin acid sodium: natural amino acid agar-agar: Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate: trolamine
4 ＝27-35∶40-46∶15-22∶4-5
Rosin acid sodium: natural amino acid agar-agar: benzene sulfonic acid sodium salt: sodium sulfate=37-42
5 ∶40-45∶10∶5-8
Rosin acid sodium: natural amino acid agar-agar: trolamine=50-55: 40
6 -45∶3-5
Rosin acid sodium: natural amino acid agar-agar: trolamine=50-55: 40
7 -45∶3-5
Aluminium powder admixture: aluminium powder: water glass: bicarbonate of ammonia=90: 8: 2
Rosin acid sodium: natural amino acid agar-agar: trolamine=50-55: 40
8 -45∶3-5
Aluminium powder admixture: aluminium powder: Tai-Ace S 150: bicarbonate of ammonia=90: 9: 1
After, ultimate compression strength increases to 2.9MPa, 500 grades of first grade of national standard be 2.7MPa or more than.
When specifically implementing, the present invention should take all factors into consideration the situation of each side, as the characteristics of starting material aspect characteristics, the former technology in aero-crete factory and equipment aspect, to specific performance requirement of gas concrete etc. comprehensively.
Below provide two embodiment of the present invention:
Embodiment 1: adopt the thermoelectric factory atmosphere in Xi'an to send dry discharge fly ash.Use pouring truck technology.Every mould is 5.4 cubic metres.Gas concrete is required to reduce unit weight and improves anti-freezing property.Fill a prescription 1 in the chemical admixture employing table 1:
Rosin acid sodium: natural amino acid agar-agar: Graphite Powder 99: iron trichloride=50: 43: 5: the 2(weight percent).
The concrete preparation method of chemical admixture is:
(1) gets in proportion and pulverize the back granularity and mix mutually with the Graphite Powder 99 of granularity smaller or equal to 0.1mm smaller or equal to the resin acid pressed powder of 0.5mm;
(2) under agitation, be equipped with in the reactor of aqueous sodium hydroxide solution with even input of speed of 250 Grams Per Minutes, solution temperature is 90-95 ℃ in the reactor, resin acid: sodium hydroxide: water=1: 0.17: 2;
(3) solution in the above reactor is continued insulation and stir, stir and be: 20-200 rev/min, stirred 1.5 hours;
(4) continuing evenly to drop into quantitative natural amino acid agar-agar again with 250 Grams Per Minute speed under the stirring; Molten iron trichloride adds in the above reactor in hot water simultaneously, continues to stir 2-2.5 hour, becomes proportion 1.3 to 1.4 brown colloidal liquids at last.
The concrete process implementing of gas concrete aspect is:
Adopt material rate (weight percent) to be:
Flyash: lime: gypsum=70-72: 22-24: 5-6
Ratio of water to material is: water: material=0.65-0.68
Teeming temperature is 40C.Adopt the west of Gansu Province to produce aluminium powder, every cubic metre of usefulness 500 grams.Added above synthetic chemical admixture in preceding 2 minutes dropping into aluminium powder, every cubic metre adds 170 and restrains.Cast degree of spreading out is 18-20cm.Every performance index of last gas concrete product are as shown in table 2, and every index all is better than the index of national standard acceptable end product.
Table 2
The actual measurement of index GB acceptable end product
Unit weight (kg/m
3) 500 ± 50 532
Drying shrinkage (mm/m)≤0.8 0.68
Resistance to compression (MPa) 〉=2.7 2.9
Weight loss≤5% 3.0
Freeze proof loss of strength≤20% 8.8
Embodiment 2:
Adopt the wet ash discharge in Liaoyang.Use wet-grinding technology and relative device, need to improve gas concrete intensity and anti-freezing property.
Fill a prescription 7 in the concrete employing table 1.Wherein the chemical admixture preparation method is similar to above embodiment 1, last also proportion is 1.3 to 1.4 colloidal liquid.
The concrete process implementing of gas concrete aspect: adopt material rate (weight percent) to be:
Flyash: lime: gypsum=68-70: 22-24: 8
Ratio of water to material is: water: material=0.68
Teeming temperature is 42-45C.The aluminium powder that adopts the Jinan company that faces south to produce.Every cubic metre of usefulness 500 grams.Drop into aluminium powder added in preceding 1.5 minutes above synthesize chemical admixture, every cubic metre adds the 170-180 gram, by prescription 7(table 1) quantitative water glass and bicarbonate of ammonia soluble in water, more quantitative aluminium powder is scattered in wherein the back and drops into reactor, stir about 30-40 poured into a mould after second.
The proportion of the used water glass of the present invention is 1.37 to 1.38
Claims (1)
1, a kind of chemical additives for aerated concrete, being used for the aluminium powder is the gas concrete of foaming agent, and cement consumption is a flyash, and 10% to 0 of gross weights such as lime and gypsum is characterized in that:
(1) form by following ingredients:
An alkali metal salt of (1,1) a kind of resin acid adds the natural amino acid agar-agar and adds iron trichloride and graphite; Add water again;
An alkali metal salt of (1,2) a kind of resin acid adds the natural amino acid agar-agar and adds trolamine; Add water again;
(2) forming (weight %) is:
Adopt the dry discharge fly ash occasion (2,1): rosin acid sodium: natural amino acid agar-agar: Graphite Powder 99: iron trichloride=50-60: 33-43: 5: 2, institute's amount of water was for being proportion 1.3 to 1.4 colloidal liquid chemical admixtures at last;
(2,2) are for wet-discharged coal ash and get angry too early or the occasion of not having an aluminium powder of ointment protection adopts: rosin acid sodium: natural amino acid agar-agar: trolamine=50-55: 40-45: 3-5, and institute's amount of water is for being proportion 1.3 to 1.4 colloidal liquid chemical admixtures at last;
Aluminium powder: water glass (water glass): bicarbonate of ammonia=90: 8: 2
(3) chemical admixture consumption of the present invention is:
For the dry discharge fly ash occasion, every cubic meter of concrete material adds the aqueous chemical admixture that 170 grams are formed by above (2,1) (3,1);
(3,2) are for wet-discharged coal ash and get angry too early or do not have the occasion of the aluminium powder of ointment protection, and every cubic meter of concrete material adds the aqueous chemical admixture that the 170-180 gram is formed by above (2,2).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90100359 CN1027808C (en) | 1990-01-20 | 1990-01-20 | Chemical additives for aerated concrete |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90100359 CN1027808C (en) | 1990-01-20 | 1990-01-20 | Chemical additives for aerated concrete |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1053417A CN1053417A (en) | 1991-07-31 |
| CN1027808C true CN1027808C (en) | 1995-03-08 |
Family
ID=4876620
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90100359 Expired - Fee Related CN1027808C (en) | 1990-01-20 | 1990-01-20 | Chemical additives for aerated concrete |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1027808C (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB0321331D0 (en) * | 2003-09-12 | 2003-10-15 | Constr Res & Tech Gmbh | Accelerator composition for accelerating setting and/or hardening a cementitious composition |
| CN108569856A (en) * | 2017-03-08 | 2018-09-25 | 河南理工大学 | A kind of cement base air entrained concrete additive and preparation method |
| CN109437651A (en) * | 2018-06-17 | 2019-03-08 | 鲨鱼(洛阳)建材科技有限公司 | A kind of autoclave aerated concrete building block (AAC) and plate (ALC) additive |
-
1990
- 1990-01-20 CN CN 90100359 patent/CN1027808C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1053417A (en) | 1991-07-31 |
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