CN102780522A - Antenna array as well as communication system and communication method based on antenna array - Google Patents
Antenna array as well as communication system and communication method based on antenna array Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an antenna array as well as a communication system and a communication method based on the antenna array. The antenna array comprises two antenna array groups, wherein each antenna array group comprises three antenna arrays in an equilateral triangle positional relation, and space among the antenna arrays is less than one signal wavelength; and each antenna array in the two antenna array groups is polarized in a dual polarization manner, the antenna arrays in the same antenna array group are polarized in the same polarization manner, and the antenna arrays in different antenna array groups are polarized in an orthogonal polarization manner. By adopting the technical scheme provide by the invention, an MIMO (multiple input multiple output) technique and a smart antenna technique can be supported at the same time, and thus data transmission utilization ratio and system capacity of the communication system are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to communication technical field, relate in particular to a kind of aerial array, based on the communication system and the communication means of this aerial array.
Background technology
Existing intelligent antenna array mainly is divided into omnidirectional intelligent aerial array and directional intelligent antenna battle array, and directional intelligent antenna is bigger because of its single array element gain, and business beam is more sharp-pointed, more easily advantage such as branch sector networking and being more widely used.In order to obtain better figuration effect, guarantee the correlation of signal between the bay simultaneously, the distance between the bay generally is controlled at 1/2 and transmits about wavelength as far as possible.
And MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Out-put, multiple-input and multiple-output) technology is Long Term Evolution (LTE) and back key technology to system, through using independently space channel, improves the capacity of system most possibly.Because do not have correlation between each bay signal of MIMO specification requirement, therefore, the spacing between the bay should be big as much as possible, guarantees the independence of each bay signal.
The signal processing when core of MIMO technology is sky just is utilized in a plurality of time-domains that distribute in the space and spatial domain and combines and carry out signal processing.Therefore, the MIMO technology can be regarded as the expansion of smart antenna.Smart antenna also is known as adaptive antenna usually, is mainly used in to accomplish space filtering and location.From seeing in essence, smart antenna using the relation of the position between each unit in the aerial array, promptly utilized the phase relation of signal, this is the essential distinction of it and traditional diversity technique.
Based on above analysis, relatively the similarities and differences of these two kinds of technology can be found out, the major obstacle of MIMO and intelligent antenna technology coexistence is an antenna structure: smart antenna requires antenna distance to get 1/2 signal wavelength; And the spacing between the MIMO requirement bay should be big as much as possible, and only be used for mimo system.And the MIMO technology is the direction of future communications system development, should consider antenna system to this technological evolution issues, and antenna belongs to the part of communication system, and antenna technology must be obeyed the direction of system evolved and development.The MIMO technology can increase the capacity of wireless communication system greatly, and effectively improves the performance of wireless communication system, is fit to very much in the future mobile communication system requirement to high-rate service.
Summary of the invention
In view of this; The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of aerial array, based on the communication system and the communication means of this aerial array; Adopt this technical scheme, can support MIMO technology and intelligent antenna technology simultaneously, thereby improve the data transmission efficiency and the power system capacity of communication system.
The embodiment of the invention realizes through following technical scheme:
An aspect according to the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of aerial array, comprising:
Two antenna array tuples, wherein, each bay group comprises that respectively three bays constituting equilateral triangle shaped position relation and the spacing between each bay are less than a signal wavelength;
Each bay in said two antenna array tuples adopts the dual polarization mode to polarize respectively; And the bay in the same antenna array tuple adopts identical polarization mode to polarize, and the bay in the different antenna element group adopts the orthogonal polarization mode to polarize.
Another aspect according to the embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of communication system, comprises above-mentioned aerial array.
Another aspect according to the embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of communication means, is applied to above-mentioned communication system, comprising:
Each bay in the first antenna array tuple that aerial array comprises receives respectively and adopts first polarization mode signal after handling that polarizes; And
Each bay in the second antenna array tuple that said aerial array comprises receives respectively and adopts second polarization mode signal after handling that polarizes, and said second polarization mode and said first polarization mode are the orthogonal polarization mode;
The said signal that each bay in the said first antenna array tuple and each bay in the said second antenna array tuple adopt the intelligent antenna technology emission to receive respectively.
The aerial array that provides through the embodiment of the invention; Bay is divided into two antenna array tuples; Each bay group comprises that respectively three bays constituting equilateral triangle shaped position relation and the spacing between each bay are less than a signal wavelength, to satisfy the requirement of intelligent antenna technology to the correlation of signal between the bay; And; Two each interior bays of antenna array tuple adopt identical polarization mode to polarize; Bay in the different antenna element group adopts the orthogonal polarization mode to polarize; Thereby polarize through orthogonal polarization mode between group, satisfying the requirement of MIMO, thereby can support MIMO technology and intelligent antenna technology no correlation between the bay signal.
Communication system and the communication means realized based on the aerial array of said structure that provide through the embodiment of the invention; Because this smart antenna can be supported MIMO technology and intelligent antenna technology; Therefore annexed the advantage of MIMO technology and intelligent antenna technology; Improved the data transmission efficiency and the power system capacity of communication system, and be adapted in the future mobile communication system requirement high-rate service.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in specification subsequently, and, partly from specification, become obvious, perhaps understand through embodiment of the present invention.The object of the invention can be realized through the structure that in the specification of being write, claims and accompanying drawing, is particularly pointed out and obtained with other advantages.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, and constitutes the part of specification, is used to explain the present invention with the embodiment of the invention, is not construed as limiting the invention.In the accompanying drawings:
The structural representation one of the aerial array that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the invention one;
The structural representation two of the aerial array that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the invention one;
The structural representation three of the aerial array that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the invention one;
The schematic flow sheet that Fig. 4 provides for the embodiment of the invention two based on aerial array realization communication shown in Figure 1;
The schematic flow sheet that Fig. 5 provides for the embodiment of the invention two based on aerial array realization communication shown in Figure 3.
Embodiment
In order to provide the implementation of supporting MIMO technology and intelligent antenna technology simultaneously; The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of aerial array, based on the communication system and the communication means of this aerial array; Adopt this technical scheme; MIMO technology and intelligent antenna technology be can support simultaneously, thereby the data transmission efficiency and the power system capacity of communication system improved.
Below in conjunction with Figure of description the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described, should be appreciated that preferred embodiment described herein only is used for explanation and explains the present invention, and be not used in qualification the present invention.And under the situation of not conflicting, embodiment and the characteristic among the embodiment among the application can make up each other.
Embodiment one
The embodiment of the invention one provides a kind of aerial array, and this aerial array can be supported MIMO technology and intelligent antenna technology simultaneously.
Fig. 1 shows the structural representation of the aerial array that the embodiment of the invention one provides.As shown in Figure 1; This aerial array comprises the first antenna array tuple 101 and the second antenna array tuple 102; The structure of this first antenna array tuple 101 and the second antenna array tuple 102 is identical, and promptly each bay group comprises three bays that constitute equilateral triangle shaped position relation respectively.Particularly, and the spacing between each bay is the spacing that intelligent antenna technology requires, promptly less than a signal wavelength, for example; Preferably, can choose this spacing greater than 1/3rd signal wavelengths less than three/binary signal wavelength, need decide according to concrete aerial array situation; The bay spacing is excessive, can reduce correlation between signals, and the spacing between the bay is too small; To cause unnecessary lobe at directional diagram, preferably, this spacing can be chosen for 1/2 signal wavelength; Spacing between the first antenna array tuple 101 and the second antenna array tuple can be set according to actual needs flexibly; For example, can be set at the spacing of MIMO specification requirement, the setting multiple that this spacing equals signal wavelength promptly is set; For example, this spacing equals 1 signal wavelength.Preferably; In order to reduce the area of aerial array; The spacing that the embodiment of the invention can also be set between the first antenna array tuple 101 and the second antenna array tuple 102 is greater than 1/2 signal wavelength and less than 1 signal wavelength; Because the embodiment of the invention realizes the uncorrelated of signal between the antenna array tuple through the orthogonal polarization between the electric wire array element group, therefore, the spacing between the first antenna array tuple 101 and the second antenna array tuple 102 is being got greater than 1/2 signal wavelength and during less than 1 signal wavelength; Also can satisfy the MIMO technology to the incoherent requirement of signal, and can be through reducing the antenna lateral dimension to reach the purpose that reduces windage.
Further; In order to satisfy intelligent antenna technology better to the requirement of the correlation of signal between the bay and satisfy the requirement of MIMO to no correlation between the bay signal; In the embodiment of the invention one; In the aerial array that Fig. 1 provides, each bay in the first antenna array tuple 101 and the second antenna array tuple 102 adopts the dual polarization mode to polarize respectively, and the bay in the same antenna array tuple adopts identical polarization mode to polarize; Guaranteeing that the signal that like-polarized bay is launched has identical phase place and amplitude, thereby realize the wave beam forming of signal emission.Bay in the different antenna element group adopts the orthogonal polarization mode to polarize.Wherein, the dual polarization mode can comprise positive 45 degree polarization modes, negative 45 degree polarization modes etc., and for example, the first antenna array tuple 101 adopts positive 45 degree polarization modes to polarize, and the second antenna array tuple 102 adopts negative 45 degree polarization modes to polarize.
Fig. 2 shows the structural representation of the another aerial array that the embodiment of the invention one provides.On the basis of aerial array shown in Figure 1; This aerial array is as shown in Figure 2; Also further comprise corresponding with the first antenna array tuple 101 and have the first directional couple unit 103 of annexation, corresponding and have the second directional couple unit 104 of annexation and a polarization alignment unit 105 that has annexation respectively with the first directional couple unit 103 and the second directional couple unit 104 with the second antenna array tuple 102.
Wherein:
The first directional couple unit 103 and the second directional couple unit 104; Be mainly used in the signal of treating input corresponding antenna array group and carry out the directional couple processing; Promptly adjust the amplitude and the phase place of this signal; Making the working method of the signal of each bay in the pairing antenna array tuple of input is same polarization, makes the relevant purpose that transmits to reach, and forms the effect of wave beam forming;
Fig. 3 shows the structural representation of the another aerial array that the embodiment of the invention one provides.As shown in Figure 3; On the basis of aerial array shown in Figure 2; This aerial array is as shown in Figure 3; Also further comprise train of signal and converting unit 106, there are annexation in this train of signal and converting unit 106 with the radiofrequency signal port of the first directional couple unit 103 and the radiofrequency signal port of the second directional couple unit 104 respectively, are mainly used in and convert serial signal into parallel signal.
In like manner; In order to satisfy intelligent antenna technology better to the requirement of the correlation of signal between the bay and satisfy the requirement of MIMO to no correlation between the bay signal; In the aerial array that Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 provide; The working method of the first antenna array tuple 101 and the second antenna array tuple 102 is identical among the working method of the first antenna array tuple 101 and the second antenna array tuple 102 and Fig. 1; Promptly each bay in the first antenna array tuple 101 and the second antenna array tuple 102 adopts the dual polarization mode to polarize respectively; And the bay in the same antenna array tuple adopts identical polarization mode to polarize, and the bay in the different antenna element group adopts the orthogonal polarization mode to polarize.
The aerial array of the above-mentioned arbitrary structure that provides according to the embodiment of the invention one; Combine array element grouping advantage in dual-polarization intelligent antenna and the single antenna; Realize the irrelevance of signal between the antenna array tuple through dual polarization; With respect to utilizing space length to realize the incoherent mode of signal merely, after following LTE introduces the dual polarization technology, also can be suitable for the development trend of following LTE.
And; The aerial array that the embodiment of the invention one provides is owing to constitute at three bays of antenna array tuple by equilateral triangle shaped position relation; Dwindled the lateral dimension that aerial array takies with respect to existing smart antenna tiling design, on the basis of having realized smart antenna and MIMO technological incorporation, also reached and be convenient to the purpose of constructing and reducing windage; Less to existing network influence, but single base station is disposed during deployment.
The above-mentioned aerial array that the embodiment of the invention one provides can be included in the existing mobile communications system, for example, is included in the base station equipment, to improve the data transmission efficiency and the power system capacity of communication system.
Embodiment two
The communication means that the embodiment of the invention two provides a kind of aerial array that is provided based on embodiment one to realize.
Fig. 4 shows the schematic flow sheet that the aerial array that provides based on embodiment one is realized communication means.As shown in Figure 4, the communication means based on aerial array shown in Figure 1 is realized mainly comprises the steps:
Each bay in the first antenna array tuple 101 that step 401, aerial array comprise receive respectively and adopt first polarization mode signal after handling that polarizes.
Each bay in the second antenna array tuple 102 that step 402, aerial array comprise receive respectively and adopt second polarization mode signal after handling that polarizes.
In above-mentioned steps 401 and the step 402, first polarization mode and second polarization mode are the orthogonal polarization mode, and for example, first polarization mode is positive 45 degree polarization modes, and then second polarization mode can be negative 45 degree polarization modes.And above-mentioned steps 401 and step 402 do not have strict execution sequence, generally are to carry out simultaneously.
The signal that each bay in step 403, the first antenna array tuple 101 and each bay in the second antenna array tuple 102 adopt the intelligent antenna technology emission to receive respectively.
So far, the communication process of realizing based on aerial array shown in Figure 1 finishes.
Through the corresponding flow process of Fig. 4; The signal that the first antenna array tuple 101 and the second antenna array tuple, 102 inner each bay receive is a co polar signal; The maximal correlation that can realize signal in each antenna array tuple inside is to satisfy the requirement of intelligent antenna technology; The signal that the first antenna array tuple 101 and the second antenna array tuple, 102 inner each bay receive is an orthogonally polarized signal, between each antenna array tuple, can realize the maximum uncorrelated to satisfy the requirement of MIMO technology of signal.Thereby through the communication process that this process realizes, can annex the advantage of intelligent antenna technology and MIMO technology, improve the data transmission efficiency and the power system capacity of communication system.
Further, in the embodiment of the invention two, the parallel signal of the signal that the first antenna array tuple 101 and the second antenna array tuple 102 receive respectively for being converted to by serial signal.
In order to understand the communication means that the embodiment of the invention provides better, below in conjunction with aerial array shown in Figure 3, the concrete signal processing procedure of the communication means that the embodiment of the invention two is provided is elaborated.
Fig. 5 shows the another schematic flow sheet that the aerial array that provides based on embodiment one is realized communication means.As shown in Figure 5, the communication means based on aerial array shown in Figure 3 is realized mainly comprises the steps:
In this step 501; After train of signal and converting unit 106 convert serial signal into two groups of parallel signals; One group of parallel signal is inputed to the first directional couple unit 103; Another group parallel signal is inputed to the second directional couple unit 104, thereby make technical scheme provided by the invention can apply in the technology of OFDM (OFDM) and MIMO fusion parallel signal is transmitted on the orthogonal sub-channels.
In this step 502; The first directional couple unit 103 and the second directional couple unit 104 are handled the signal of input respectively; Satisfy the same polarization requirement even input to the signal of same antenna array element group, concrete processing procedure is explained in the above-described embodiments, repeats no more here.
The signal that step 503, polarization 105 pairs first directional couple unit 103 of alignment unit and the second directional couple unit 104 provide is handled; And the signal after will handling sends to the first antenna array tuple 101 through the first directional couple unit 103 respectively, and sends to the second antenna array tuple 102 through the second directional couple unit 104.
In this step 503; The signal that the polarization 105 pairs first directional couple unit 103 of alignment unit and the second directional couple unit 104 provide is handled, and mainly is the working method and the working method orthogonal polarization mode each other that inputs to the signal of the second antenna array tuple 102 that makes the signal that inputs to the first antenna array tuple 101.Particularly, polarization alignment unit 105 can adopt existing polarization calibrator to realize, for example, the polarization calibrator guarantees the orthogonal polarization of the signal between the antenna array tuple, thereby satisfies the requirement of MIMO technology to the signal irrelevance through adaptive adjustment.
In this step 504, three inner bays of each antenna array tuple are adjusted weighted value through adaptive network, self adaptation, reach the job requirement of traditional intelligence antenna thereby form several adaptive beam.
So far, flow process finishes.
In the flow process of Fig. 5 correspondence; The signal that two relatively independent antenna array tuples are launched is: two groups of parallel signals that are converted to by a series of serial signals; Under the polarised direction quadrature; Form the multi-input/output antenna mode of operation, effectively overcome the fading effect of wireless mobile communications channel.
The technique scheme that the embodiment of the invention provides can be applied to CBD (Central Business District; The central business district), scene such as residential quarters, colleges and universities; Also can be applied to geographical and floor circumstance complication scene, traditional 2/3G signal receive geographical and floor circumstance complication degree affect bigger, reflect mainly due to floor signal and to cause multipath effect; Perhaps terrain slope causes the covering blind spot; The technical scheme that provides according to the embodiment of the invention can make full use of the multipath effect that circumstance complication causes, multipath is disturbed become diversity gain, effectively improves signal degradation problems.
The aerial array that provides through the embodiment of the invention; Bay is divided into two antenna array tuples; Each bay group comprises that respectively three bays and the spacing between each bay that constitute equilateral triangle shaped position relation are the spacing (less than a signal wavelength) that intelligent antenna technology requires, to satisfy the requirement of intelligent antenna technology to the correlation of signal between the bay; And; Two each interior bays of antenna array tuple adopt identical polarization mode to polarize; Bay in the different antenna element group adopts the orthogonal polarization mode to polarize; Thereby polarize through orthogonal polarization mode between group, satisfying the requirement of MIMO, thereby can support MIMO technology and intelligent antenna technology no correlation between the bay signal.
Communication system and the communication means realized based on the aerial array of said structure that provide through the embodiment of the invention; Because this smart antenna can be supported MIMO technology and intelligent antenna technology; Therefore annexed the advantage of MIMO technology and intelligent antenna technology; Improved the data transmission efficiency and the power system capacity of communication system, and be adapted in the future mobile communication system requirement high-rate service.
Although described the application's preferred embodiment, in a single day those skilled in the art get the basic inventive concept could of cicada, then can make other change and modification to these embodiment.So accompanying claims is intended to be interpreted as all changes and the modification that comprises preferred embodiment and fall into the application's scope.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various changes and modification to the present invention and not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Like this, belong within the scope of claim of the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof if of the present invention these are revised with modification, then the present invention also is intended to comprise these changes and modification interior.
Claims (10)
1. an aerial array is characterized in that, comprising:
Two antenna array tuples, wherein, each bay group comprises that respectively three bays constituting equilateral triangle shaped position relation and the spacing between each bay are less than a signal wavelength;
Each bay in said two antenna array tuples adopts the dual polarization mode to polarize respectively; And the bay in the same antenna array tuple adopts identical polarization mode to polarize, and the bay in the different antenna element group adopts the orthogonal polarization mode to polarize.
2. aerial array as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the spacing between said two antenna array tuples is greater than 1/2 signal wavelength and less than 1 signal wavelength.
3. aerial array as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the spacing in each antenna array tuple between each bay is 1/2 signal wavelength.
4. aerial array as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, said dual polarization mode comprises:
Positive 45 degree polarization modes, negative 45 degree polarization modes.
5. aerial array as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises:
Corresponding with each antenna array tuple respectively directional couple unit, each directional couple unit respectively with pairing antenna array tuple in each bay have annexation; And
The polarization alignment unit that has annexation respectively with said directional couple unit.
6. aerial array as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, also comprises:
There are the train of signal and the converting unit of annexation respectively with the radiofrequency signal port of said directional couple unit, are used for converting serial signal into parallel signal.
7. a communication system is characterized in that, comprises each described aerial array of claim 1 to 6.
8. a communication means is applied to the described communication system of claim 7, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Each bay in the first antenna array tuple that aerial array comprises receives respectively and adopts first polarization mode signal after handling that polarizes; And
Each bay in the second antenna array tuple that said aerial array comprises receives respectively and adopts second polarization mode signal after handling that polarizes, and said second polarization mode and said first polarization mode are the orthogonal polarization mode;
The said signal that each bay in the said first antenna array tuple and each bay in the said second antenna array tuple adopt the intelligent antenna technology emission to receive respectively.
9. method as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, said first polarization mode is positive 45 degree polarization modes, and said second polarization mode is negative 45 degree polarization modes.
10. method as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, the parallel signal of said signal for being converted to by serial signal.
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| WO2015184638A1 (en) * | 2014-06-06 | 2015-12-10 | 华为技术有限公司 | Array antenna calibration method, device and system |
| CN106911365A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2017-06-30 | 中国移动通信集团公司 | A kind of method and device of polarized antenna arrays channel correcting |
| WO2018094660A1 (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2018-05-31 | 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 | Antenna assembly and unmanned aerial vehicle |
| CN113030927A (en) * | 2021-03-10 | 2021-06-25 | 深圳核芯物联科技有限公司 | Method and device for wirelessly detecting distance |
| CN113745853A (en) * | 2020-05-30 | 2021-12-03 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna array and wireless communication equipment |
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| WO2018094660A1 (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2018-05-31 | 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 | Antenna assembly and unmanned aerial vehicle |
| CN113745853A (en) * | 2020-05-30 | 2021-12-03 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna array and wireless communication equipment |
| CN113030927A (en) * | 2021-03-10 | 2021-06-25 | 深圳核芯物联科技有限公司 | Method and device for wirelessly detecting distance |
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| CN102780522B (en) | 2015-11-04 |
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