CN102780154B - Frequency difference generation and assignment method for helium neon dual-frequency laser - Google Patents
Frequency difference generation and assignment method for helium neon dual-frequency laser Download PDFInfo
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- CN102780154B CN102780154B CN201210275253.0A CN201210275253A CN102780154B CN 102780154 B CN102780154 B CN 102780154B CN 201210275253 A CN201210275253 A CN 201210275253A CN 102780154 B CN102780154 B CN 102780154B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a frequency difference generation and assignment method for a helium neon dual-frequency laser. The method comprises the following steps of: 1) setting a measuring system including a dual-frequency laser, a laser engraving machine and a computer, wherein an output mirror of the dual-frequency laser is a stress birefringence mirror; 2) adding a magnetic field in the vertical shaft direction of the dual-frequency laser before laser engraving is performed, starting the dual-frequency laser, testing and marking polarization directions of two beams of polarized light which is output by the dual-frequency laser, and determining that the direction of the frequency difference is correspondingly increased when the stress is increased; 3). adjusting a position between the laser engraving machine and the stress birefringence mirror so that incident light of the laser engraving machine is vertical to the stress birefringence mirror; and adjusting the direction of a light-emission point of the laser engraving machine so that the light-emission point is focused in the thickness center of the stress birefringence mirror; 4). inputting a pattern to be engraved into the computer; and 5) starting the laser engraving machine, controlling and adjusting relevant parameters, and controlling the laser engraving machine by the computer to engrave the pattern into the stress birefringence mirror. The method can be widely used for heterodyne dual-frequency laser interferometer and other laser technical fields.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of two-frequency laser frequency difference and produce and assignment method, particularly about a kind of He-Ne two-frequency laser frequency difference, produce and assignment method.
Background technology
Because He-Ne (HeNe) laser has good frequency stability, the He-Ne two-frequency laser of usining has application very widely as the double frequency heterodyne ineterferometer of light source in fields such as range measurement, tachometric survey, vibration measurement and topography measurements.He-Ne two-frequency laser is generally exported pairwise orthogonal linearly polarized light: O light and E light, the difference of two linear polarization light frequencies is a longitudinal mode spacing (hundreds of～several thousand MHz), when when adding the magnetic field of 200 Gauss left and right perpendicular to laser axis direction, due to transverse zeeman effect and " mode pulling ", every Shu Guanghui is split into two bundle orhtogonal linear polarizaiton light: the direction of vibration of П light is parallel to magnetic field, and the direction of vibration of σ light is perpendicular to magnetic field.When being parallel to laser axis direction and adding magnetic field, due to longitudinal Zeeman effect, every Shu Guang will be split into the circularly polarized light of two bundle quadratures: left circularly polarized light and right-circularly polarized light.The difference of the pairwise orthogonal linear polarization light frequency that common helium neon laser is exported under transverse zeeman effect is generally less than 1MHz; The difference of the pairwise orthogonal circular polarization light frequency of exporting under longitudinal Zeeman effect is generally not more than 3MHz.In addition, adopt crystal birefringence element can produce large frequency-difference more than 40MHz, but principle is limit the frequency difference that can not produce below 40MHz, and high-frequency signal is also quite complicated when follow-up processing of circuit.
Available technology adopting stress birfringence mirror is as the outgoing mirror of He-Ne two-frequency laser, be equivalent to insert birefringence element in chamber, two bunch polarised light П light of transverse zeeman effect output and the difference of σ light frequency are generally at a few MHz～tens MHz not etc., but the problem due to technique, the difference of П light and σ light frequency has arbitrariness, can not control; Adopt stress birfringence mirror as the He-Ne two-frequency laser of outgoing mirror, because the stress intensity of stress birfringence mirror itself has uncertainty, can export accordingly the frequency difference of hundreds of KHz～tens MHz size, but can not accurately control and in double frequency heterodyne ineterferometer.Light source frequency difference is that the application of 5～10MHz is most suitable, optimal selection, and therefore the He-Ne two-frequency laser of 3～40MHz frequency difference was once becoming the blank in double-frequency laser field.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of stress intensity of adjusting according to demand in outgoing mirror, for the He-Ne two-frequency laser frequency difference of frequency difference assignment within the scope of 3MHz～40MHz of He-Ne two-frequency laser output produces and assignment method.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme: a kind of He-Ne two-frequency laser frequency difference produces and assignment method, comprise the following steps: 1) arrange one and include He-Ne two-frequency laser, laser engraving machine and system for computer, the outgoing mirror of the resonant cavity of described He-Ne two-frequency laser is stress birfringence mirror; 2) before laser engraving, the vertical direction of principal axis of He-Ne two-frequency laser is added to magnetic field, test and indicate the polarization directions of He-Ne two-frequency laser output two bundle polarised lights, and definite stress is when increase, frequency difference is the direction of corresponding increase also; 3) adjust the position between laser engraving machine and stress birfringence mirror, make the incident light of laser engraving machine vertical with stress birfringence minute surface, and adjust the direction that laser engraving machine goes out luminous point, make it focus on the mid-depth place in stress birfringence mirror; 4) pattern of required engraving is input in computer; 5) start described laser engraving machine, according to the required He-Ne two-frequency laser frequency difference size of obtaining, control the pumping current of laser engraving machine, the degree that pattern explodes size, volume and the gasification of point, and regulating the fried point of institute's depiction and described laser engraving machine center to go out the distance of luminous point, described computer control swashs described smooth engraving machine pattern is carved in described stress birfringence mirror.
In described step 3), adjust the direction that laser engraving machine goes out luminous point, while making it focus on the mid-depth in stress birfringence mirror, will avoid the highly reflecting films layer of stress birfringence mirror, the distance that laser engraving machine goes out the highly reflecting films layer center of circle of spot distance stress birfringence mirror is 2～5mm.
In described step 4), the shape of pattern or size are determined according to required generation frequency difference size.
In described step 5) when the frequency difference producing surpasses predetermined value or is less than predetermined value, by reducing pumping current, the change depiction of laser engraving machine, go out the distance of luminous point or regulate the fried method of putting of pattern to take off stress or append stress to control apart from laser engraving machine center, the direction that takes off stress is vertical with the direction of appending stress.
The present invention is owing to taking above technical scheme, it has the following advantages: 1, the present invention adopts laser engraving machine to carve some pattern in the stress birfringence mirror of He-Ne two-frequency laser, make the inner fried point of gasification that forms of stress birfringence mirror, because the fried point of these gasifications is fixed in stress birfringence mirror, thereby form more stable internal stress, make He-Ne two-frequency laser can export relatively more stable frequency difference, and these residual stresss can not disappear in time gradually, ageing strong.2, the present invention can be by controlling the pumping current of laser engraving machine, the size of the fried point of pattern, the degree of volume and gasification, the fried point of depiction and laser go out the internal stress of the factor controlling stress birfringence mirrors such as distance between luminous point, and then regulate the frequency difference of He-Ne two-frequency laser output big or small, and can by taking off stress and appending stress, to frequency difference, revise adjustment according to the frequency difference Output rusults of He-Ne two-frequency laser, can obtain the He-Ne two-frequency laser of frequency difference within the scope of 3MHz～40MHz, filled up the blank in double-frequency laser field, made up that two-frequency laser output frequency difference can not be revised and the shortcoming such as control.The present invention goes for full inner chamber helium neon laser, also applicable to half external cavity helium neon laser, is widely used in heterodyne system two-frequency laser interferometer and other laser technology field.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that outgoing mirror of the present invention is the structural representation of the He-Ne two-frequency laser of stress birfringence mirror;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that the present invention adopts laser engraving method depiction on outgoing mirror;
Fig. 3 is the schematic side view of Fig. 2.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, existing helium neon laser includes glass shell 1, cathode tube 2, capillary 3, completely reflecting mirror 4 and outgoing mirror 5, and outgoing mirror 5 adopts stress birfringence mirror; Completely reflecting mirror 4 and stress birfringence mirror 5 utilize the high intermediate temperature sealing of glass powder with low melting point to be integral by cutting down material contiguous block 6 with glass shell 1 respectively.When the vertical direction of principal axis of He-Ne two-frequency laser adds behind suitable magnetic field, due to transverse zeeman effect and " mode pulling ", each laser longitudinal module will split into two bundle orhtogonal linear polarizaiton Laser outputs, the frequency difference of two bunch polarised lights is relevant to the residual stress on stress birfringence mirror, therefore by adjusting the stress of stress birfringence mirror 5, can adjust the frequency difference of two bunch polarisations of He-Ne two-frequency laser output to ideal value, the frequency difference scope that the present invention adopts laser engraving method can make He-Ne two-frequency laser produce is 3～40MHz, and detailed process comprises the following steps:
1, arrange one and include He-Ne two-frequency laser, laser engraving machine and system for computer, the outgoing mirror of the resonant cavity of He-Ne two-frequency laser adopts stress birfringence mirror 5.
2, before laser engraving, the vertical direction of principal axis of He-Ne two-frequency laser is added to suitable magnetic field to eliminate mode competition, test by experiment and indicate the polarization direction that He-Ne two-frequency laser is exported two bundle polarised lights, detailed process is: on a polarization direction, slightly apply external force therein, by observing the variation of frequency difference on an oscilloscope, the direction that frequency difference increases when determining that stress increases, the direction that while conventionally increasing stress, frequency difference increases is one of polarization direction of two polarised lights, and the direction that frequency difference reduces while increasing stress is the polarization direction of another polarised light just.
3, adjust the position between laser engraving machine and the stress birfringence mirror 5 of He-Ne two-frequency laser, make the incident light of laser engraving machine vertical with stress birfringence minute surface, and adjust the direction that laser engraving machine goes out luminous point, make it focus on the position of mid-depth in stress birfringence mirror.
4, the pattern of required engraving is input in computer.
5, start laser engraving machine, according to the required frequency difference size of obtaining, control the pumping current of laser engraving machine, and regulate the fried point of institute's depiction and laser engraving machine center to go out the distance of luminous point, by computer control laser engraving machine, the pattern of making is in advance carved in stress birfringence mirror 5; For example: while needing He-Ne two-frequency laser to produce the frequency difference of 2MHz～10MHz, the power of selecting laser engraving machine is 2W, pumping current is 3.5A left and right, depiction is the hemisphere of diameter 1mm left and right, and the resolution of depiction (distances between adjacent two points of composition pattern) is 0.01mm left and right.
As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, in the various embodiments described above, because highly reflecting films layer 7 is established in the outside plating of stress birfringence mirror 5, the diameter of highly reflecting films layer 7 is generally less than the diameter of stress birfringence mirror 5, in step 3, adjust the direction that laser engraving machine goes out luminous point, avoid the highly reflecting films layer 7 of stress birfringence mirror 5, the distance that laser engraving machine goes out spot distance highly reflecting films layer 7 center of circle is 2～5mm.
In the various embodiments described above, in step 4, use laser engraving machine at the inner depiction of stress birfringence mirror 5 or figure, can offset the residual stress of stress birfringence mirror 5 or produce new larger stress, can be by controlling the fried point of depiction and the distance that laser engraving machine goes out luminous point, pattern explodes the relevant parameters such as degree of size, volume and the gasification of point, can control accurately the difference on the frequency of He-Ne two-frequency laser.When the frequency difference producing surpasses predetermined value or is less than predetermined value, can apart from laser engraving machine center, go out the distance of luminous point or regulate the fried method of putting of pattern to take off stress (reducing stress) or append stress (increase stress) to control by reducing pumping current, the change depiction of laser engraving machine, the direction that takes off stress be vertical with the direction of appending stress.
In the various embodiments described above, depiction is the some cloud of being got pattern by laser engraving machine in stress birfringence mirror 5, because a cloud is the fried point of high-temperature gasification, the internal stress that therefore can change stress birfringence mirror 5 distributes, thereby make the He-Ne two-frequency laser output frequency difference corresponding with internal stress, the shape of pattern or size can be selected and regulate according to actual, in this no limit, as long as can meet stress intensity, regulate requirement.
The frequency difference that the He-Ne two-frequency laser of take below produces further illustrates the process that adopts method of the present invention to produce frequency difference as 20MHz as specific embodiment, comprise the following steps:
1, before laser engraving, the vertical direction of principal axis of He-Ne two-frequency laser is added to the magnetic field of 200 Gauss left and right, while being determined by experiment stress increase, frequency difference is the direction of corresponding increase also.
2, adjust the position between laser engraving machine and the stress birfringence mirror 5 of He-Ne two-frequency laser, make the incident direction of laser engraving machine perpendicular to stress birfringence minute surface, and center goes out the distance in spot distance highly reflecting films layer 7 center of circle for being about 5mm(as shown in Figure 2, the distance in stain and highly reflecting films layer 7 center of circle is 5mm), and make laser engraving machine focus mid-depth place in stress birfringence mirror.
3, by diameter, be 1mm, the half sphere pattern file that resolution is 0.1mm is input in computer.
4, start laser engraving machine, the pumping current of laser engraving machine is adjusted to 3.8A, by computer control laser engraving machine, pre-half sphere pattern is carved in stress birfringence mirror 5 to the frequency difference that the output frequency difference that can obtain He-Ne two-frequency laser is required generation.
The various embodiments described above are only for illustrating the present invention, and wherein implementation step of method etc. all can change to some extent, and every equivalents of carrying out on the basis of technical solution of the present invention and improvement, all should not get rid of outside protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. He-Ne two-frequency laser frequency difference produces and an assignment method, comprises the following steps:
1) arrange one and include He-Ne two-frequency laser, laser engraving machine and system for computer, the outgoing mirror of the resonant cavity of described He-Ne two-frequency laser is stress birfringence mirror;
2) before laser engraving, the vertical direction of principal axis of He-Ne two-frequency laser is added to magnetic field, test and indicate the polarization directions of He-Ne two-frequency laser output two bundle polarised lights, and definite stress is when increase, frequency difference is the direction of corresponding increase also;
3) adjust the position between laser engraving machine and stress birfringence mirror, make the incident light of laser engraving machine vertical with stress birfringence minute surface, and adjust the direction that laser engraving machine goes out luminous point, make it focus on the mid-depth place in stress birfringence mirror;
4) pattern of required engraving is input in computer, the shape of described pattern or size are determined according to required generation frequency difference size;
5) start described laser engraving machine, according to the required He-Ne two-frequency laser frequency difference size of obtaining, control the pumping current of laser engraving machine, the degree that pattern explodes size, volume and the gasification of point, and regulating the fried point of institute's depiction and described laser engraving machine center to go out the distance of luminous point, laser engraving machine is carved in pattern in described stress birfringence mirror described in described computer control.
2. a kind of He-Ne two-frequency laser frequency difference as claimed in claim 1 produces and assignment method, it is characterized in that: in described step 3), adjust the direction that laser engraving machine goes out luminous point, while making it focus on the mid-depth in stress birfringence mirror, will avoid the highly reflecting films layer of stress birfringence mirror, the distance that laser engraving machine goes out the highly reflecting films layer center of circle of spot distance stress birfringence mirror is 2～5mm.
3. a kind of He-Ne two-frequency laser frequency difference as claimed in claim 1 or 2 produces and assignment method, it is characterized in that: in described step 5) when the frequency difference producing surpasses predetermined value or is less than predetermined value, by reducing pumping current, the change depiction of laser engraving machine, go out the distance of luminous point or regulate the fried method of putting of pattern to take off stress or append stress to control apart from laser engraving machine center, the direction that takes off stress is vertical with the direction of appending stress.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US5091913A (en) * | 1990-04-10 | 1992-02-25 | Tsinghua Unversity | Quartz crystal tuning he-ne double frequency laser |
| RU2086059C1 (en) * | 1994-01-19 | 1997-07-27 | Анатолий Васильевич Еньшин | Tuned laser |
| JP3004268B1 (en) * | 1999-02-03 | 2000-01-31 | 株式会社エイ・ティ・アール環境適応通信研究所 | 2 optical signal generator |
| CN1773789B (en) * | 2005-11-04 | 2010-05-05 | 清华大学 | Elastic stressing stress birefringence double-frequency laser |
| CN100570967C (en) * | 2008-04-18 | 2009-12-16 | 清华大学 | Birefringence double-frequency laser based on the drilling stress adjusting |
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