CN102776416A - Aluminum alloy electroplating coating and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Aluminum alloy electroplating coating and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102776416A CN102776416A CN2012102404655A CN201210240465A CN102776416A CN 102776416 A CN102776416 A CN 102776416A CN 2012102404655 A CN2012102404655 A CN 2012102404655A CN 201210240465 A CN201210240465 A CN 201210240465A CN 102776416 A CN102776416 A CN 102776416A
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Abstract
The invention relates to electroplating products, in particular to an aluminum alloy electroplating coating and a preparation method of the aluminum alloy electroplating coating. The aluminum alloy electroplating coating comprises the following components by weight as wt%: 0.2 to 10wt% of Ti, 0.5 to 2.5wt% of Cr, 0.05 to 0.2wt% of Zr, 0.5 to 6wt% of nanometer particle, and the balance of Al. According to the preparation method, a flat and smooth aluminum alloy coating is deposited on the surface of a basis material within 10min under the electroplating temperature being 150 to 300 DEG C by adopting an AlCl3-NaCl molten salt system; and the aluminum alloy coating has relatively greater processing performance and corrosion resistance, and has excellent wear resistance and excellent resistance to hot and cold impacting.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to plated item, relate to a kind of aluminium alloy electric coated coating and preparation method thereof particularly.
Background technology
Duraluminum has multiple premium propertiess such as the processing of light weight, easy-formation, electrical and thermal conductivity is good, uses metallic surface matrix materials such as making iron and steel always, is used to improve erosion resistance and the thermotolerance of steel plate etc. in fields such as mobile muffler, tame electrical article, heat-stable materials.In order to suppress growth and the rapid diffusion of aluminum metal in iron by the Fe-Al alloy of aluminium and iron reaction generation; Often adopt the method for in electroplated aluminum liquid, adding the Si below 10%; Electroplating steel plate through this method manufacturing can have comparatively good processibility and thermotolerance, but also follows the especially problem of little loss of gloss of steel plate visual appearance simultaneously.For solving the problem that visual appearance descends, the method that has the investigator to propose in containing the electroplate liquid of silicon, to add chromium and magnesium is again damaged the growth of the alloy layer of processibility and appearance with inhibition.For example
CN 1208493C discloses a kind of electro-plating method of aluminium alloy electroplating steel plate; It is the electroplate liquid electroplating processes aluminium alloy electroplating steel plate that contains 5-15 weight part silicon, 0.1-1.5 weight part chromium, 0.01-3.0 weight part magnesium through using; Minimizing adds the crack with electroplating film of peeling off of the electrolytic coating that occurs man-hour in shaping; Thereby obtain the aluminium alloy electroplating steel plate that improved surface appearance, erosion resistance and processibility improve; But its wear resisting property and cold-resistant thermal shock resistance properties are poor, can not satisfy the request for utilization under the harsh and unforgiving environments.
CN 101113527B discloses a kind of plated item and preparation method thereof; This plated item comprises the electroplated metal layer on body material and the substrate material surface, and said electroplated metal layer comprises copper layer, nickel dam and chromium layer successively from the internal layer to the skin, wherein; Said electroplated metal layer also comprises intermediate deposit; Said intermediate deposit is between nickel dam and chromium layer, and said intermediate deposit is palladium, rhodium or ruthenium, perhaps is the alloy of any 2 kinds, 3 kinds or 4 kinds in palladium, rhodium, nail and the nickel.The plated item that this invention provides; Has intermediate deposit between nickel dam and the chromium layer; Intermediate deposit can stop metallic nickel to be separated out to the plated item surface; Therefore can reduce the nickel amount of separating out greatly, make the amount of separating out of metallic nickel satisfy every square centimeter of standard that must not surpass 0.5 microgram of per week, the surface property of this plated item such as wear resistance, erosion resistance and shock-resistance are good simultaneously.This invention mainly with plastics is base material, and is unsatisfactory for the electroplating effect of steel plate.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the deficiency to prior art, and a kind of aluminium alloy electric coated coating is provided, its flat appearance, and glossiness is high, and processibility and erosion resistance are all good, especially have excellent wear-resisting property and cold-resistant thermal shock resistance properties.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of aluminium alloy electric coated coating comprises the following component of representing with weight percent wt%: Ti 0.2-10wt%, Cr 0.5-2.5wt%, Zr 0.05-0.2wt%, nano particle 0.5-6wt%, surplus Al.
Said Ti can suppress stripping and the oxidation of Al in the coating, and increases the compactness of coating, and its content in coating is crossed the low fine and close anti-corrosion coating that then is difficult to form, and too high levels then visual appearance descends.
In aluminium alloy electric coated coating of the present invention, the weight percent of said Ti is 0.2-10wt%, for example can be 0.2-5wt%, 2-7wt%, 0.5-6wt%, 3-10wt%, 8-9wt%; 0.2wt%, 0.5wt%, 1wt%, 1.6wt%, 2wt%, 2.5wt%, 3wt%; 3.1wt%, 3.5wt%, 4wt%, 4.4wt%, 4.6wt%, 5wt%; 5.5wt%, 5.8wt%, 6wt%, 6.1wt%, 6.5wt%, 7wt%; 7.2wt%, 8wt%, 8.7wt%, 9wt%, 9.6wt%, 10wt%; Be preferably 1-8wt%; Most preferably be 3-6wt%.
Said Cr can form fine and close passivation attitude protective oxide layer on the surface of electrolytic coating makes the erosion resistance of Aludip improve, simultaneously through in electroplate liquid, form chromium element uniform distribution play make alloy layer the crystal grain miniaturization effect and in electrolytic coating, form the accumulative stable form and make the effect that the erosion resistance of the cutting plane after processibility and the processing improves.The content of Cr in coating is crossed the low lack of homogeneity that then distributes, and too high levels then can be damaged the appearance of electroplating steel plate.
In aluminium alloy electric coated coating of the present invention, the weight percent of said Cr is 0.5-2.5wt%, for example can be 0.5-1.5wt%, 1-2wt%, 1.3-1.9wt%, 1.7-2.1wt%; 1.4-2.5wt%, 0.5wt%, 0.6wt%, 0.7wt%, 0.8wt%, 0.9wt%; 1wt%, 1.1wt%, 1.2wt%, 1.3wt%, 1.4wt%, 1.5wt%; 1.6wt%, 1.7wt%, 1.8wt%, 1.9wt%, 2wt%; 2.1wt%, 2.2wt%, 2.3wt%, 2.4wt%, 2.5wt%; Be preferably 0.8-2wt%; Most preferably be 1-1.5wt%.
Said Zr adds in the alloy material on a small quantity can improve erosion resistance.
In aluminium alloy electric coated coating of the present invention, the weight percent of said Zr is 0.05-0.2wt%, for example can be 0.05-0.2wt%, 0.07-0.15wt%, 0.08-0.16wt%; 0.1-0.14wt%, 0.11-0.19wt%, 0.18-0.2wt%, 0.05wt%, 0.06wt%; 0.07wt%, 0.08wt%, 0.09wt%, 0.1wt%, 0.11wt%; 0.12wt%, 0.13wt%, 0.14wt%, 0.15wt%, 0.16wt%; 0.17wt%, 0.18wt%, 0.19wt%, 0.2wt%; Be preferably 0.08-0.2wt%; Most preferably be 0.1-0.15wt%.
The surface that said nano particle can make plated item is finer and close and make surperficial tool better wear resistance and erosion resistance; Arbitrarily those skilled in the art's particle diameter known and that can obtain all can be used at nano level particle, for example the mixture of any one in silica dioxide granule, diamond particles, the aluminium sesquioxide particle etc. or at least two kinds.Preferably, the particle dia of said nano particle is the 20-160 nanometer, further is preferably the 40-140 nanometer, most preferably is the 60-120 nanometer.
In aluminium alloy electric coated coating of the present invention, the weight percent of said nano particle is 0.5-6wt%, for example can be 0.5-1.5wt%, 0.95-3wt%, 1-2wt%, 2.6-5wt%, 3.5-6wt%; 0.5wt%, 0.83wt%, 1.0wt%, 1.56wt%, 1.7wt%, 2wt%; 2.3wt%, 2.4wt%, 2.5wt%, 2.75wt%, 3wt%, 3.25wt%; 3.5wt%, 3.82wt%, 4wt%, 4.08wt%, 4.5wt%, 4.67wt%; 4.9wt%, 5wt%, 5.16wt%, 5.45wt%, 5.5wt%, 6wt%; Be preferably 1-5wt%; Most preferably be 2-4wt%.
Preferably, the adhesion amount of aluminium alloy electric coated coating of the present invention on base material (being preferably steel plate) is 0.5-80g/m
2, then solidity to corrosion is not enough to be lower than this scope, is higher than the then coating processing characteristics deterioration of this scope.
In sum, optimized technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of aluminium alloy electric coated coating comprises the following component of representing with weight percent wt%: Ti 1-8wt%, Cr 0.8-2wt%, Zr0.08-0.2wt%, nano particle 1-5wt%, surplus Al.
The most preferred technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of aluminium alloy electric coated coating comprises the following component of representing with weight percent wt%: Ti 3-6wt%, Cr1-1.5wt%, Zr 0.1-0.15wt%, nano particle 2-4wt%, surplus Al.
Preferably, be substantially free of other impurity in the aluminium alloy electric coated coating of the present invention.Term " is substantially free of " to refer to and does not have the amount of adding significant this component in the alloy composition wittingly to here; Level for example＜0.005%; More preferably do not have, be appreciated that in desired the finished product, to have subsidiary element of trace and/or impurity.
" comprising " of the present invention, mean it except that said component, can also contain other components, these other components are given said aluminium alloy electric coated coating with different characteristic.In addition, " comprising " of the present invention, can also replace with enclosed " being " or " by ... process ".No matter which kind of composition aluminium alloy electric coated coating according to the invention comprises, the weight percent sum of said aluminium alloy electric coated coating is 100%.
Further, the present invention also provides the preparation method of said aluminium alloy electric coated coating, and concrete method is following:
(1) adopts AlCl
3-NaCl molten salt system, wherein AlCl
3Content be 81mol%-99mol%, the fused salt for preparing is put into plating tank, be heated to fusing;
(2) add TiCl
3Or TiCl
4, Ti ionic add-on is the 1/20-1/5 of Al ionic concn;
(3) add Cr, Zr, nano particle;
(4) immerse body material as negative electrode, metal A l plate or graphite cake are connected direct supply as anode;
(5) electroplating temperature is 150-300 ℃;
(6) cathode current density is 0.02A/cm in the plating tank
2-1A/cm
2
(7) the fused salt velocity of flow is 0.1M/sec-4M/sec in the plating tank.
Said body material is preferably steel plate.
Said anodic shape can have any shape, and is preferably ring-type, cylindric or tabular; Said anodic number can be for one or more.
Preferably, can feed nitrogen or protection of inert gas in the electroplating process.Said rare gas element is helium, neon, argon gas, krypton gas, xenon etc.
Preferably, before electroplating, can carry out degreasing, pickling, washing and thorough drying with ordinary method to matrix earlier.
Preferably, after electroplating, can dry again by water flushing plating piece.
Preferably, the galvanized time is 0.5-10min.
The preparation method of aluminium alloy electric coated coating provided by the invention; Confirm processing parameter through TE, make that the adaptation of electroplated coating is good, and don't exist because the too fast alloy layer misgrowth phenomenon that causes of thermodiffusion of matrix steel plate; Therefore the final galvanization coating flat appearance that obtains; Glossiness is high, and processibility and erosion resistance are all good, especially have excellent wear-resisting property and cold-resistant thermal shock resistance properties.Simultaneously, the inventive method running time is short, and efficient is high, and the time that only need be no more than 10min can deposit smooth slick aluminum alloy coating at substrate material surface.
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is done further explain, but each following embodiment only is a simple and easy example of the present invention, does not represent or limit rights protection scope of the present invention that interest field of the present invention is as the criterion with claims.
Embodiment
For the present invention is described better, be convenient to understand technical scheme of the present invention, typical case of the present invention but non-restrictive example is following:
Embodiment 1:
A kind of aluminium alloy electric coated coating comprises the following component of representing with weight percent wt%: Ti6wt%, Cr1wt%, Zr0.15wt%, nano particle 2wt%, surplus Al.
Adhesion amount is 40g/m
2
The aluminium alloy electric coated coating that present embodiment is obtained carries out performance test, and method is following:
(1) wear resistance is measured: the 7-IBB type RCA abrasion appearance that uses U.S. Nuo Man Instrument and Equipment Company to produce, and under the effect of 175 gram forces, triboelectricity coated coating, the number of turns that the record rubber wheel rotates when exposing body material;
(2) corrosion resistance nature is measured: galvanization coating is placed in the salt fog cabinet; Use concentration to spray galvanization coating 2 hours down at 35 ℃ as the sodium chloride brine of 5wt%; Taking out and placing the another one temperature is that 40 ℃, relative humidity are 80% climatic chamber, observes galvanization coating and also writes down coating surface and the unusual used time occurs.
(3) cold-resistant thermal shock resistance properties test: galvanization coating is placed in the thermal shock test box; Probe temperature is reduced to-40 ℃; Placed 2 hours, and in 3 minutes, probe temperature was risen to 85 ℃ then, placed 2 hours; Repeat behind the aforesaid operations 5 times plated item to be placed in the room temperature environment, observe coating surface and whether occur unusually.
Test result is following:
Wear resistance: 2400 times;
Erosion resistance: 180 hours;
Cold-resistant thermal shocking: through, no abnormal.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of aluminium alloy electric coated coating comprises the following component of representing with weight percent wt%: Ti3wt%, Cr1.5wt%, Zr0.1wt%, nano particle 4wt%, surplus Al.
Adhesion amount is 50g/m
2
According to embodiment 1 identical method the aluminium alloy electric coated coating that present embodiment obtains being carried out performance test, the result is following:
Wear resistance: 2350 times;
Erosion resistance: 178 hours;
Cold-resistant thermal shocking: through, no abnormal.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of aluminium alloy electric coated coating comprises the following component of representing with weight percent wt%: Ti8wt% (3-6wt%), Cr0.8, Zr0.2wt%, nano particle 1wt%, surplus Al.
Adhesion amount is 60g/m
2
According to embodiment 1 identical method the aluminium alloy electric coated coating that present embodiment obtains being carried out performance test, the result is following:
Wear resistance: 2300 times;
Erosion resistance: 175 hours;
Cold-resistant thermal shocking: through, no abnormal.
Embodiment 4:
A kind of aluminium alloy electric coated coating comprises the following component of representing with weight percent wt%: Ti1wt%, Cr2wt%, Zr0.08wt%, nano particle 5wt%, surplus Al.
Adhesion amount is 10g/m
2
According to embodiment 1 identical method the aluminium alloy electric coated coating that present embodiment obtains being carried out performance test, the result is following:
Wear resistance: 2280 times;
Erosion resistance: 173 hours;
Cold-resistant thermal shocking: through, no abnormal.
Embodiment 5:
A kind of aluminium alloy electric coated coating comprises the following component of representing with weight percent wt%: Ti 10wt%, Cr 0.5wt%, Zr 0.2wt%, nano particle 0.5wt%, surplus Al.
Adhesion amount is 80g/m
2
According to embodiment 1 identical method the aluminium alloy electric coated coating that present embodiment obtains being carried out performance test, the result is following:
Wear resistance: 2200 times;
Erosion resistance: 168 hours;
Cold-resistant thermal shocking: through, no abnormal.
Embodiment 6:
A kind of aluminium alloy electric coated coating comprises the following component of representing with weight percent wt%: Ti 0.2wt%, Cr 2.5wt%, Zr 0.05wt%, nano particle 6wt%, surplus Al.
Adhesion amount is 0.5g/m
2
According to embodiment 1 identical method the aluminium alloy electric coated coating that present embodiment obtains being carried out performance test, the result is following:
Wear resistance: 2250 times;
Erosion resistance: 165 hours;
Cold-resistant thermal shocking: through, no abnormal.
All expression component concentrations that in specification sheets and claims, use all are appreciated that the modification that adds term " about " in all cases.Therefore, only if point out on the contrary, the character that given numerical value can hope according to the present invention to obtain in specification sheets and claims different and changing.At bottom line, and be not used in the scope that the application of Equivalent principle is defined as claim, the value that each numerical value all should be accordinged to the significant figure of being reported at least makes an explanation through using common rounding method.And all scopes in this announcement all are appreciated that starting point and the end point values that comprises scope, comprise arbitrarily and all are included in wherein among a small circle.For example, certain scope " 1-10 " should be considered to comprise any of (being included) between minimum value 1 and the peak 10 with all among a small circle; Promptly all are initial with the minimum value more than or equal to 1, and be less than or equal to that 10 peak finishes all among a small circle, 5-10 for example, 3.3-6.7, or 1.5-8.8.All reference of in this file, being mentioned all are appreciated that all to include and are used for reference.
Should be noted that and understand, under the situation that does not break away from the desired the spirit and scope of the present invention of accompanying Claim, can make various modifications and improvement the present invention of above-mentioned detailed description.Therefore, the scope of the technical scheme of requirement protection does not receive the restriction of given any specific exemplary teachings.
Applicant's statement, above content are to combine concrete preferred implementation to the further explain that the present invention did, and can not assert that practical implementation of the present invention is confined to these explanations.For the those of ordinary skill of technical field under the present invention, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the present invention's design, can also make some simple deduction or replace, all should be regarded as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. an aluminium alloy electric coated coating is characterized in that, comprises the following component of representing with weight percent wt%: Ti0.2-10wt%, Cr0.5-2.5wt%, Zr0.05-0.2wt%, nano particle 0.5-6wt%, surplus Al.
2. aluminium alloy electric coated coating according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the content of said Ti in said coating is 1-8wt%, is preferably 3-6wt%.
3. aluminium alloy electric coated coating according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, the content of said Cr in said coating is 0.8-2wt%, is preferably 1-1.5wt%.
4. according to the described aluminium alloy electric coated coating of one of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that the content of said Zr in said coating is 0.08-0.2wt%, is preferably 0.1-0.15wt%.
5. according to the described aluminium alloy electric coated coating of one of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that the content of said nano particle in said coating is 1-5wt%, is preferably 2-4wt%.
6. according to the described aluminium alloy electric coated coating of one of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that the adhesion amount of said coating on base material is 0.5-80g/m
2
7. according to the described aluminium alloy electric coated coating of one of claim 1-6, it is characterized in that said nano particle is the mixture of any one or at least two kinds in silica dioxide granule, diamond particles, the aluminium sesquioxide particle etc.;
Preferably, the particle dia of said nano particle is the 20-160 nanometer, is preferably the 40-140 nanometer, most preferably is the 60-120 nanometer.
8. according to the preparation method of the described aluminium alloy electric coated coating of one of claim 1-7, it is characterized in that said method is following:
(1) adopts AlCl
3-NaCl molten salt system, wherein AlCl
3Content be 81mol%-99mol%, the fused salt for preparing is put into plating tank, be heated to fusing;
(2) add TiCl
3Or TiCl
4, Ti ionic add-on is the 1/20-1/5 of Al ionic concn;
(3) add Cr, Zr, nano particle;
(4) immerse body material as negative electrode, metal A l plate or graphite cake are connected direct supply as anode;
(5) electroplating temperature is 150-300 ℃;
(6) cathode current density is 0.02A/cm in the plating tank
2-1A/cm
2
(7) the fused salt velocity of flow is 0.1M/sec-4M/sec in the plating tank.
9. the preparation method of aluminium alloy electric coated coating according to claim 8 is characterized in that, can feed nitrogen or protection of inert gas in the said plating tank.
10. according to Claim 8 or the preparation method of 9 described aluminium alloy electric coated coatings, it is characterized in that the said galvanized time is 0.5-10min.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20160268632A1 (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2016-09-15 | Research Foundation Of The City University Of New York | Ionic liquid comprising alkaline earth metal |
| CN107904538A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2018-04-13 | 广西吉宽太阳能设备有限公司 | A kind of panel solar aluminum alloy coating containing Nb and preparation method thereof |
| CN107955895A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2018-04-24 | 广西吉宽太阳能设备有限公司 | A kind of panel solar aluminum alloy coating containing Co and preparation method thereof |
| CN107974576A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2018-05-01 | 广西吉宽太阳能设备有限公司 | A kind of panel solar aluminum alloy coating containing rare earth element |
| CN109837567A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2019-06-04 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | A kind of pack alloy surface decorating method and alloy product |
| CN112359395A (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-02-12 | 安徽工业大学 | Metal boride coating and preparation method thereof |
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| CN109837567A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2019-06-04 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | A kind of pack alloy surface decorating method and alloy product |
| CN112359395A (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-02-12 | 安徽工业大学 | Metal boride coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN112359395B (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-09-24 | 安徽工业大学 | Preparation method of metal boride coating |
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Application publication date: 20121114 |