Prepolycondensating reactor
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of chemical reaction device, relate in particular to a kind of Prepolycondensating reactor of production polyethylene terephthalate (PET) pre-polymer melt.
Background technology
Four still flow processs of production of polyester; Comprise first esterifier, second esterifier, Prepolycondensating reactor and final polycondensation reactor; Wherein Prepolycondensating reactor not only will guarantee the esterification rate of material usually as the transitional facility of esterification to polycondensation, more need reach certain percent polymerization requirement; Therefore, reaction times and the reaction efficiency of material in Prepolycondensating reactor seems particularly important.
Common Prepolycondensating reactor comprises upper chamber and lower chambers, corresponding to pet reaction district and polymerization zone, is respectively applied for the carrying out of esterification and prepolymerization reaction; The weak point of the setting of this kind structure is that material is too short at the runner of polymerization zone, and material is shorter in the percolation time of polymerization zone, and has more serious material back-mixing problem; Often can not satisfy the requirement of polyreaction, especially all the more so for maximization equipment, for the percent polymerization that need to guarantee; Usually need to prolong the area that total reaction time perhaps increases polymerization zone; Even so also often can't meet the demands, also cause difficult heating easily because of area is excessive, and be unfavorable for the even of material; It is bigger to stir difficulty, is unfavorable for further enlarging the scale of Prepolycondensating reactor.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the above-mentioned defective of prior art; The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Prepolycondensating reactor,, polymerization space is divided into different zones through the improvement of structure; And in different zones, adopt different heating and novel stirring, reach best reaction effect.
The technical scheme that the present invention adopts is: a kind of Prepolycondensating reactor; Comprise housing; Be provided with two-layer dividing plate up and down in the said housing; Said two-layer dividing plate up and down is divided into upper chamber, middle chamber and lower chambers with said housing, and said lower chambers is separated into a plurality of annular subregions through several toroidal membranes of concentric setting, the medullary ray of several said toroidal membranes that are provided with one heart and the central lines of said housing; Said toroidal membrane is provided with the sectional access opening of said annular that is communicated with its both sides, is equipped with heating coil in each annular subregion.
The middle part of said upper strata dividing plate can be upwardly extending isolation cylindrical shell; The top of said isolation cylindrical shell preferably is provided with the guiding valve that is communicated with said upper chamber and middle chamber; The gas on said upper chamber top gets into said middle chamber through said guiding valve; Preferably be provided with the pipeline that is communicated with said upper chamber and middle chamber on the main body of the bottom of said isolation cylindrical shell or said upper strata dividing plate; Can be provided with throttling valve on the said pipeline, the liquid of said upper chamber bottom gets into said middle chamber through said pipeline.
Preferably be provided with the overflow weir that is communicated with said middle chamber and lower chambers on the said lower floor dividing plate; Axial location can be positioned at the most inboard sectional top of said annular of said lower chambers, and radial position can be positioned at the opposite of the opening for feed that said pipeline is communicated with said middle chamber.
The radial position of the access opening of the most inboard said toroidal membrane of said bottom chamber is preferably placed at the opposite of said overflow weir, and the radial position of the access opening of remaining said toroidal membrane preferably all is positioned at the opposite of the access opening of its inboard said toroidal membrane.
Said guiding valve can comprise vertical slots that is arranged on the said isolating cylinder body sidewall and the variable valve that can be used for regulating said slit size; Said slit place can be provided with to the inner flow deflector that extends of said middle chamber; Said flow deflector preferably is curved arc shape, and said curved arc shape flow deflector makes the passage that is communicated with said upper chamber and middle chamber be crooked eddy flow passage with said isolation cylindrical shell.
Said bottom chamber can be provided with the whipping appts that is driven by external force; Said whipping appts is preferably mixer.; Can drive through drive shaft and the drive unit that is arranged on said case top, preferably, the central lines of said drive shaft and said housing; The rake teeth of said mixer. inserts said annular subregion, comprises a said rake teeth at least in each said annular subregion.
Can be provided with material inlet on the sidewall of said upper chamber, the top of said middle chamber can be provided with extends the outer exhaust-duct of said housing, and the sectional bottom of outermost annular of said lower chambers can be provided with material outlet.
Preferably, be equipped with heating coil in said upper chamber and the middle chamber.
Can offer the import of some thermal medium input channels and the outlet of thermal medium output channel on the sidewall of said housing; Some said thermal medium input channels and thermal medium output channel are connected the heating coil of said upper chamber, middle chamber and bottom chamber respectively; All said thermal medium input channels can be outside said housing link to each other through assembly and converge into behind the pipeline or link to each other with the heating agent source separately, and all said thermal medium output channels can be outside said housing converge into behind the pipeline or link to each other with the heating agent source separately through assembly is continuous.
The outside of said housing can be coated with the chuck with heat insulation function.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: because the polymerization zone of Prepolycondensating reactor of the present invention has adopted the placed in-line structure of multi partition; Make polymerization zone by long and narrowization; Effectively prolonged the flow channel length of polymerization zone, the setting of especially long and narrow reactive tank more helps the prolongation of flow channel length, under equal flow conditions; Material prolongs at the flowing time of polymerization zone; Under the situation of time cost that does not increase production and Prepolycondensating reactor diameter, effectively prolonged the total reaction time of polyreaction, significantly improved the polymerization degree of final product;
Simultaneously, because the runner in each district becomes long and narrow, feasible heating and stirring to medium becomes easy; Effectively reduce energy consumption, in addition, the material between each subregion does not almost have back-mixing; For the consistent single reaction zone of material characteristic everywhere, the polymerization degree of the material in each subregion that makes of polyreaction improves gradually, and; Along with the raising of the polymerization degree, the viscosity of the material in each subregion improves gradually, can corresponding heating unit and whipping appts be set according to the needs of reaction; So that The optimum reaction conditions to be provided, improved the polymerization degree of final product, also reduced energy consumption simultaneously to a certain extent; And the prolongation of Flow of Goods and Materials time and the optimization of mixing effect not only help the carrying out of polyreaction; Also help removing of impurity in the material, even when effective liquid level of material is higher, byproduct of reaction wherein also has higher removal efficiency;
In addition; Whole polymerization zone is divided into a plurality of subregions makes that the internal space of Prepolycondensating reactor has obtained utilizing more fully; Under the situation that does not increase the Prepolycondensating reactor diameter, improved reaction efficiency and quality product, promptly be equivalent to reduce the volume of Prepolycondensating reactor; Simultaneously, the design of three chambers in upper, middle and lower also helps the expansion of reactor drum scale.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the sectional view of upper chamber of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the sectional view of middle chamber of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the sectional view of lower chambers of the present invention.
Embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4; The invention provides a kind of Prepolycondensating reactor; Comprise housing 1, be provided with two-layer dividing plate up and down in the said housing, said two-layer dividing plate up and down is divided into upper chamber 2, middle chamber 3 and lower chambers 4 with said housing; Said lower chambers is separated into a plurality of annular subregions through several toroidal membranes 5 of concentric setting; The medullary ray of several said toroidal membranes that are provided with one heart and the central lines of said housing, said toroidal membrane are provided with the sectional access opening 6 of said annular that is communicated with its both sides, are equipped with heating coil 7 in each annular subregion.
Can be provided with material inlet 8 on the sidewall of said upper chamber; Be communicated with polyester esterification reactor through pipeline; The top of said middle chamber can be provided with extends the outer exhaust-duct 9 of said housing; The gas that reaction produces in said upper chamber, middle chamber and the lower chambers is input in the exhaust gas processing device through said exhaust-duct, and the sectional bottom of outermost annular of said lower chambers can be provided with material outlet 10, is connected with final polycondensation reactor through pipeline.
The quantity of preferred said toroidal membrane is 2, and said lower chambers is divided into 3 said annular subregions.Said lower chambers adopts this structure design; Be equivalent to that the material polymerization space has been carried out subregion and divide processing; Material is accomplished polyreaction in the process of flowing in a plurality of placed in-line long and narrow runners; The viscosity of material increases gradually, utilizes the placed in-line reaction compartment of this multi partition can make material produce viscosity gradient in the by stages.
The middle part of said upper strata dividing plate 11 can be upwardly extending isolation cylindrical shell 12; The top of said isolation cylindrical shell preferably is provided with the guiding valve that is communicated with said upper chamber and middle chamber; The gas on said upper chamber top gets into said middle chamber through said guiding valve; Said guiding valve can comprise vertical slots 13 that is arranged on the said isolating cylinder body sidewall and the variable valve 14 that can be used for regulating said slit size, and said slit place can be provided with to the inner flow deflector 15 that extends of said middle chamber, and said flow deflector preferably is curved arc shape; Said curved arc shape flow deflector makes the passage that is communicated with said upper chamber and middle chamber be crooked eddy flow passage with said isolation cylindrical shell; Utilize said flow deflector that upper chamber's gas inside is flowed along assigned direction, and get in the crooked eddy flow passage and progressively get into middle chamber, gaseous phase materials carries out gas-liquid separation under the situation that space sudden enlargement, flow velocity reduce; Utilize the setting of this flow deflector and crooked eddy flow passage; Can effectively strengthen separating of gas phase and liquid phase, make gas phase enter exhaust gas processing device through the exhaust-duct, liquid phase then falls into middle chamber and carries out polycondensation.
Preferably be provided with the pipeline 16 that is communicated with said upper chamber and middle chamber on the main body of the bottom of said isolation cylindrical shell or said upper strata dividing plate; The radial position that said upper chamber connects the outlet of said pipeline preferably is arranged on the opposite of said material inlet; The liquid of said upper chamber bottom gets into said middle chamber through said pipeline; Can be provided with throttling valve 17 on the said pipeline; Be used to control the flow that flows into the material of said middle chamber from said upper chamber, thereby control the liquid level difference in said upper chamber and the middle chamber, make reactor drum production steady.
Preferably be provided with the overflow weir 19 that is communicated with said middle chamber and lower chambers on the said lower floor dividing plate 18; The axial location of said overflow weir can be positioned at the most inboard sectional top of said annular of said lower chambers; Radial position can be positioned at the opposite of the opening for feed that said pipeline is communicated with said middle chamber, and said axial location and radial position are meant position and the position in the radial direction of said housing on the axial direction due of said housing.The design of the particular location of said overflow weir; The material that flows into said lower chambers from said middle chamber all can at first be got in the most inboard said annular subregion of said lower chambers, and material can become symmetrical circulation by courant before getting into said lower chambers in said middle chamber.
The radial position of the access opening of the most inboard said toroidal membrane of said bottom chamber is preferably placed at the opposite of said overflow weir; The radial position of the access opening of remaining said toroidal membrane preferably all is positioned at the opposite of the access opening of its inboard said toroidal membrane; Preferably, the material outlet of the said lower chambers opposite of the access opening on the said toroidal membrane of side that sets within it.The design of the position of said access opening; Make material when the most inboard said annular subregion said annular subregion laterally flows; In each annular subregion, all can become symmetrical circulation by courant; Can increase the length of flow of material thus, help the completion of polyreaction in said bottom chamber.
Said bottom chamber can be provided with the whipping appts that is driven by external force; Being provided with of said whipping appts can increase speed of response, improve the polymerization degree, and said whipping appts is preferably mixer., can drive through drive shaft 20 and the drive unit that is arranged on said case top 21; The junction of said drive shaft and said housing is for being tightly connected; Preferably, the central lines of said drive shaft and said housing, the rake teeth 22 of said mixer. inserts said annular subregion; At least comprise a said rake teeth in each said annular subregion; Preferably, the quantity of said rake teeth is the sectional multiple of said annular, and symmetry is inserted four said rake teeths in each said annular subregion.Because each rake teeth of said mixer. is different apart from the distance of drive shaft; Therefore the LV of each rake teeth when stirring is also different; The LV of the rake teeth that the LV of the rake teeth that the said drive shaft of distance is far away is nearer with respect to the said drive shaft of distance wants big; The increasing characteristic of viscosity when meeting material just and flowing by the most inboard annular subregion annular subregion laterally of said lower chambers; Realization is along with the carrying out of polyreaction, and material viscosity constantly increases, the ever-increasing purpose of stirring velocity.
Preferably, be equipped with heating coil in said upper chamber and the middle chamber, because material is the beginning of polyreaction in said middle chamber; Viscosity is little, and good flowability is arranged, and helps the carrying out of thermal conduction and reaction; Therefore; The quantity of the heating coil of preferred said middle chamber is less than the quantity of the heating coil of said bottom chamber, because the state of material in each annular subregion of said bottom chamber is to be positioned at the viscosity of material of said annular subregion in the outside greater than the viscosity of the material that is positioned at inboard said annular subregion, therefore; The quantity of the sectional heating coil of said annular that is positioned at the outside of preferred said bottom chamber is more than the quantity that is positioned at the inboard sectional heating coil of said annular; Realize the carrying out along with polyreaction with this, material viscosity constantly increases, the purpose that heating-surface area increases gradually.
Can offer the import of some thermal medium input channels 23 and the outlet of thermal medium output channel 24 on the sidewall of said housing; Some said thermal medium input channels and thermal medium output channel are connected the heating coil of said upper chamber, middle chamber and bottom chamber respectively; All said thermal medium input channels can be outside said housing link to each other through assembly and converge into behind the pipeline or link to each other with the heating agent source separately, and all said thermal medium output channels can be outside said housing converge into behind the pipeline or link to each other with the heating agent source separately through assembly is continuous.
The outside of said housing can be coated with the chuck with heat insulation function.
The concrete workflow of Prepolycondensating reactor described in the present invention is following:
At first will rely on pressure difference to send into said upper chamber from the esterification products of esterifier through said material inlet; Material is heated by the heating coil in the said upper chamber in said upper chamber; And owing to design under the condition that reactor drum reduces pressure gradually; Be boiling state after making material get in the said upper chamber; Lean on material self boiling to mix; Terepthaloyl moietie in the esterification products is gasified at this moment, produces liquid phase material and gaseous phase materials, and wherein liquid phase material flows into said middle chamber through said pipeline; And the gaseous phase materials after the gasification gets into said middle chamber with high speed through the slit of said guiding valve by means of the action of pressure between said upper chamber and the middle chamber; The size of said slit can be regulated according to demand of practical production, and gaseous phase materials partly becomes liquid and splashes in the liquid phase material in the said middle chamber, together the heating of the heating coil in said middle chamber and after courant becomes symmetrical circulation in said middle chamber; Flow into through said overflow weir in the most inboard annular subregion of said lower chambers; Material flows in the said annular subregion in the outside through the access opening on the toroidal membrane after courant becomes symmetrical circulation in the most inboard annular subregion of said lower chambers, and flows into after courant becomes symmetrical circulation in this annular subregion in the annular subregion in this annular subregion outside, after courant becomes symmetrical circulation in outermost annular subregion, discharges said reactor drum through said material outlet; In the reaction, terepthaloyl moietie steam that said upper chamber, middle chamber and bottom chamber polycondensation produce and water vapour and other gas together enter exhaust gas processing device from the exhaust-duct of said middle chamber.