CN102775575A - Preparation method and application of double-component polyurethane - Google Patents
Preparation method and application of double-component polyurethane Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method and application of a double-component polyurethane, particularly a double-component polyurethane prepared from recycled polyethylene terephthalate and biodiesel byproduct crude glycerine, belonging to the technical fields of adhesives, resource comprehensive utilization, environment-friendly new processes and composite materials. The component A is prepared by heating polyphenyl polymethylene polyisocyanate and polyester-polyether glycol; and the component B is composed of polyester-polyether glycol, polyether glycol-2000 and a catalyst. The polyester-polyether glycol is mainly prepared from recycled polyethylene terephthalate and biodiesel byproduct crude glycerine. The double-component polyurethane is used for binding a polystyrene foam sandwich plate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method and application of two component polyurethane; Being specifically related to a kind of is a kind of two component polyurethane of feedstock production to reclaim polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and biological diesel oil byproduct raw glycerine; This urethane is used for gluing polystyrene foam sandwich board, belongs to sizing agent, comprehensive utilization of resources, environmental friendliness novel process and technical field of composite materials.
Background technology
The polystyrene foam sandwich board is claimed the EPS sandwich board again, is to do the top layer by color steel, and closed pore self-extinguishing type polystyrene foam is made core, through the robotization continuous forming machine with the color steel die mould after, bind a kind of new high-efficiency composite architectural materials form with sizing agent.Roofing, metope and clean room and combination freezer, building that this sandwich board is widely used in public building, industrial premises meet layer, shopping arcade etc.; Have light weight, heat insulation, sound insulation, waterproof, antidetonation, fire prevention, the life-span is long, non-maintaining, elegant in appearance, speed of application fast, construction characteristics such as completion once.
Application number is that the patent of CN200410013331.5 discloses a kind of adhesive for polyurethane, and this sizing agent is used for gluing color-painted steel strip and polyester film, and cohesive force is strong; It is high to cohere the film shearing resistance; But this sizing agent belongs to acrylic acid copolymer grafted polyurethane type, and its raw material is formed except that vulcabond and polyester polyol, also has acrylic monomer, viscosity increaser, softening agent and solvent etc.; Raw material and synthesis technique are complicated, use toluene solvant that operator and environment are all produced pollution.
PET is a kind of wrapping material commonly used such as food, medicine equipment, electric parts, and along with the continuous increase of social demand, volume of production and marketing increases day by day.Since two thousand three, global PET production capacity is with average annual about 9% speed expansion, and 2005 annual capacities reach 5,470 ten thousand tons (output is 4,100 ten thousand tons).At present, China's output surpasses 2,000 ten thousand tons, becomes world PET productive consumption first big country.Along with the increase day by day of PET volume of production and marketing, depleted PET is also more and more, and the PET reutilization technology is reclaimed in exploitation energetically, and this resource utilization is utilized again, can play the effect of preserving the ecological environment again.
Biofuel is to be raw material with Vegetable oil lipoprotein such as oil crops, wild oilseed plant and engineering microalgae and animal oil and fat, food garbage wet goods; The reproducibility diesel oil that makes through alcoholysis (transesterify) technology; Because the normal alcohol that adopts of alcoholysis is methyl alcohol; So the chemical ingredients of biofuel is the different longer chain fatty acid methyl esters of serial molecular weight, its main by product is a raw glycerine.As the substitute products of petrifaction diesel, biofuel is typical green novel energy source, and in recent years, this industry development is very fast, and the output of raw glycerine also increases sharply.
Underpressure distillation is one of raw glycerine method of purifying, but the boiling point of glycerine is up to 290 ℃, and its decompression distillates still and needs 180 ℃, and this temperature is prone to cause side reactions such as its polymerization; And foreign pigment can not be removed fully, in addition, and in vacuum distillation process; Impurity such as spissated biofuel and fatty acid soaps parcel glycerine is unfavorable for the vaporization of glycerine, therefore; Need elder generation to its pre-treatment, underpressure distillation more just can make the higher glycerine of purity.
In sum; By product raw glycerine to reclaim PET and production biofuel is a raw material; Preparation is to the production of the less demanding polystyrene foam sandwich board sizing agent of material purity, and the Sustainable development to waste PET resource and biofuel industry has great importance.
Summary of the invention
One of technical assignment of the present invention is in order to remedy the deficiency of prior art; A kind of preparation method of two component polyurethane is provided, and it is that main raw material makes that polyphenyl polymethylene polyisocyanates, recovery PET and raw glycerine are adopted in this preparation, and raw materials cost is low; Technology is simple, and technology maturation is reliable.
Two of technical assignment of the present invention provides the purposes of this two component polyurethane, and this urethane is used for gluing polystyrene foam sandwich board, and its cured article snappiness is good and shrinking percentage is high, high to the two-phase interface bonding action.
Technical scheme of the present invention is following:
1. the preparation method of a two component polyurethane may further comprise the steps:
(1) preparation of polyester-polyether glycol
It is broken to reclaim PET, and screening drop, stone, metal solid thing get the PET fragment; In flask, add PET fragment, refining glycerine 50-80 mass parts, divalent alcohol 80-100 mass parts, the catalyzer 0.04-0.10 mass parts of 100 mass parts, turn on agitator is used the microwave heating 10-15min of power as 600W; In flask, add dicarboxylic anhydride 15-30 mass parts, use the microwave heating 30-40min of output rating as 800W; Vacuumize, vacuum tightness remains on-during 0.09MPa, use output rating to continue heating 10min as the microwave of 800W, cooling, polyester-polyether glycol; Polyester-polyether glycol hydroxyl value is 100-150mgKOH/g, and acid number is 0.5-3mgKOH/g;
It is one of following that said divalent alcohol is selected from: terepthaloyl moietie, 1, ammediol, 1,4-butyleneglycol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-pinakon, glycol ether, triglycol;
Said catalyzer is made up of zinc oxide and titanic acid ester, and the mass ratio of zinc oxide and titanic acid ester is 1: 1.0-1.5; It is one of following that said titanic acid ester is selected from: butyl(tetra)titanate, isopropyl titanate, iso-butyl titanate;
It is one of following that said dicarboxylic anhydride is selected from: Succinic anhydried, Pyroglutaric acid, MALEIC ANHYDRIDE, Tetra hydro Phthalic anhydride;
Said vacuumizing is that moisture residual in polyester-polyether glycol is distillated, and the polyester that obtains like this-polyether glycol room temperature is clear state;
Said refining glycerine prepares by following method:
In the raw glycerine of 100 mass parts, add the low boiling point organic solvent of 10-15 mass parts, with acid neutralization, spinning; Lower floor is used to prepare soap, upper strata liquid underpressure distillation, and the low boiling point organic solvent that obtains recycles; Temperature rises to 105-110 ℃, and underpressure distillation 1h gets refining glycerine;
Said raw glycerine is isolating by product raw glycerine phase in the biofuel transesterify process, the biofuel transesterify, and it is one of following that raw material is selected from: wild plant grease, engineering microalgae waterplant grease, animal oil and fat, food garbage oil;
Said organic solvent is selected from one of following: methyl alcohol, ethanol, acetone, butanone, methyl acetate and ETHYLE ACETATE; Low boiling point organic solvent not only plays diluting effect, also has the glutinous effect of falling;
Said acid is hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid; Acid makes biofuel and the glycerine desorption that is coated in the glycerine on the one hand, in addition, generates lipid acid with the soap reaction, destroys the emulsifying effect of soap, and the recovery of glycerine is increased.
(2) preparation of A component
In flask, add polyphenyl polymethylene polyisocyanates 100 mass parts, under agitation, add polyester-polyether glycol 100 mass parts of (1) preparation, heating, temperature is controlled at 75-80 ℃, and reaction 3h is cooled to room temperature, packs;
Said polyphenyl polymethylene polyisocyanates, functionality are 2.6-2.7, and viscosity (25 ℃) is 150-250mPa.s, and the quality percentage composition of free isocyanate groups is 31.5%;
(3) preparation of B component
In flask, add polyester-polyether glycol 100 mass parts of (1) preparation, adding polyether glycol-2000 is 30-50 mass parts, dibutyl tin dilaurate 0.1-0.5 mass parts, N; N-dimethylcyclohexylamine 0.1-0.5 mass parts; Stirring at room 30min, discharging, packing;
Said polyether glycol-2000, hydroxyl value are that 54-58mgKOH/g, molecular weight are 2000, and viscosity is 100-300mPa.s/25 ℃;
Said dibutyl tin dilaurate and N, N-dimethylcyclohexylamine are catalyzer, because the synergy of this catalyzer, when this dual-component polyurethane adhesive was used for gluing color steel and polystyrene foam plate, first viscous force increased, and solidification rate is accelerated;
When (4) using, the quality that A component and B component were pressed 1: 1 gets final product than blend;
The above PET, raw glycerine, divalent alcohol, dicarboxylic anhydride, dibutyl tin dilaurate, N, N-dimethylcyclohexylamine, zinc oxide and titanic acid ester are the commercially available prod, buy in industrial chemicals market; Polyphenyl polymethylene polyisocyanates is available from the magnificent urethane in Yantai ten thousand ltd; Polyether glycol-2000 is available from Plant of Tianjin Petrochemical Company branch office.
2. the two component polyurethane of above-described preparation is used for the gluing of polystyrene foam sandwich board.
During use, with this two component polyurethane A component and B component by 1: 1 quality than blend, evenly be coated to the surface of color steel or polystyrene foam plate, gluing through robotization continuous forming machine or batch process route; Resin added is 0.5-0.8kg/m
2Color steel and polystyrene foam plate gluing time 3h; 90 ℃ of compression shears are peeled off, and detect the interfacial failure rate of polystyrene foam plate.
The technical outstanding characteristics of the present invention are:
(1) preparation of this two component polyurethane has used polyester-polyether glycol to be main raw material.As stated; Polyester-polyether glycol be with recovery PET and refining glycerine in proportion blend use and make; Under these processing condition; PET elder generation partial alcoholysis generates hydroxyl telechelic polyester, and dicarboxylic anhydride and glycerine and hydroxyl telechelic polyester further react, and have generated the polyester-polyether glycol with ad hoc structure; With the two component polyurethane of this polyester-polyether glycol preparation, be used for the gluing of polystyrene foam sandwich board, high to color steel and polystyrene foam sandwich board two base material bonding actions.
(2) preparation of polyester-polyether glycol has used microwave radiation to replace conventional heating.Microwave is and the different type of heating of routine heating; Traditional heating is to produce high outside and low outside thermograde with heat conducting mode, and microwave heating to be hertzian wave act on polar molecule dielectric medium and non-polar molecule dielectric medium produces dipole or dipole newly to arrange; Realize " stirring " of molecular level; The present invention adopts microwave radiation to replace conventional heating, and the reaction times significantly shortens, and the polyester of preparation-polyether glycol hydroxyl value is that 100-150mgKOH/g, acid number are 0.5-3mgKOH/g; All reduce than conventional heating method hydroxyl value and acid number, satisfy the requirement of gluing color steel and polystyrene foam sandwich board.
(3) use of recovery PET and raw glycerine provides new application approach and field for reclaiming PET and raw glycerine resource, and has made this urethane raw cost reduce, and added value of product increases; In addition, this polyvalent alcohol can be practiced thrift the product that substitutes the preparation of petrochemical complex resource with part.Therefore, the industrialization of this urethane has great importance to the Sustainable development of PET recycling economy and biofuel.
(3) polyester-polyether glycol is synthetic, has adopted zinc oxide and titanic acid ester composite catalyzing, causes speed of response to be accelerated, and the reaction times shortens, and the polyester that obtains-polyether glycol look shallow is transparent.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is further described, but protection scope of the present invention not only is confined to embodiment, the change that this field professional does technical scheme of the present invention all should belong in protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of two component polyurethane may further comprise the steps:
1. the preparation of refining glycerine
In the raw glycerine of 100g, add the methyl alcohol of 10g, with the hydrochloric acid neutralization, spinning, lower floor is used to prepare soap, upper strata liquid underpressure distillation, the methanol loop that obtains is used, and temperature rises to 105-110 ℃, and underpressure distillation 1h gets refining glycerine;
Said raw glycerine is isolating by product raw glycerine phase in the biofuel transesterify process, the biofuel transesterify, and raw material is a food garbage oil;
2. the preparation of polyester-polyether glycol
It is broken to reclaim PET, and screening drop, stone, metal solid thing get the PET fragment; In flask, add PET fragment, refining glycerine 50g, terepthaloyl moietie 80g, the catalyzer 0.04g of 100g, turn on agitator is used the microwave heating 10min of power as 600W; In flask, add Succinic anhydried 15g, use the microwave heating 30min of output rating as 800W; Vacuumize, vacuum tightness remains on-during 0.09MPa, use output rating to continue heating 10min as the microwave of 800W, cooling, polyester-polyether glycol;
Said polyester-polyether glycol hydroxyl value is 105mgKOH/g, and acid number is 0.8mgKOH/g;
Said catalyzer is made up of zinc oxide and butyl(tetra)titanate, and the mass ratio of zinc oxide and butyl(tetra)titanate is 1: 1.0;
3. the preparation of A component
In flask, add polyphenyl polymethylene polyisocyanates 100g, under agitation, add the 2. polyester-polyether glycol 100g of preparation, heating, temperature is controlled at 75-80 ℃, and reaction 3h is cooled to room temperature, packs;
Described polyphenyl polymethylene polyisocyanates, functionality are 2.6～2.7, and viscosity (25 ℃) is 150～250mPa.s, and the quality percentage composition of free isocyanate groups is 31.5%;
4. the preparation of B component
In flask, add the 2. polyester-polyether glycol 100g of preparation, adding polyether glycol-2000 is 30g, dibutyl tin dilaurate 0.1g, N, N-dimethylcyclohexylamine 0.5g, stirring at room 30min, discharging, packing;
Described polyether glycol-2000, hydroxyl value are that 54-58mgKOH/g, molecular weight are 2000, and viscosity is 100-300mPa.s/25 ℃.
When 5. using, with A component and B component by 1: 1 quality than blend, two component polyurethane;
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method of two component polyurethane may further comprise the steps:
1. the preparation of refining glycerine
In the raw glycerine of 100g, add the acetone of 15g, with the sulfuric acid neutralization, spinning, lower floor is used to prepare soap, upper strata liquid underpressure distillation, the acetone recycle that obtains is used, and temperature rises to 105-110 ℃, and underpressure distillation 1h gets refining glycerine;
Said raw glycerine is isolating by product raw glycerine phase in the biofuel transesterify process, the animal oil and fat of the raw material that the biofuel transesterify is used for reclaiming;
2. the preparation of polyester-polyether glycol
It is broken to reclaim PET, and screening drop, stone, metal solid thing get the PET fragment; The PET fragment, the refining glycerine 80g, 1 that in flask, add 100g, 4-butyleneglycol 100g, catalyzer 0.09g, turn on agitator is used the microwave heating 15min of power as 600W; In flask, add MALEIC ANHYDRIDE 30g, use the microwave heating 40min of output rating as 800W; Vacuumize, vacuum tightness remains on-during 0.09MPa, use output rating to continue heating 10min as the microwave of 800W, cooling, polyester-polyether glycol; Polyester-polyether glycol hydroxyl value is 146mgKOH/g, and acid number is 2.4mgKOH/g;
Said catalyzer is made up of zinc oxide and isopropyl titanate, and the mass ratio of zinc oxide and isopropyl titanate is 1: 1.5;
3. the preparation of A component
In flask, add polyphenyl polymethylene polyisocyanates 100g, under agitation, add the 2. polyester-polyether glycol 100g of preparation, heating, temperature is controlled at 75-80 ℃, and reaction 3h is cooled to room temperature, packs;
Said polyphenyl polymethylene polyisocyanates is with embodiment 1;
4. the preparation of B component
In flask, add the 2. polyester-polyether glycol 100g of preparation, adding polyether glycol-2000 is 50g, dibutyl tin dilaurate 0.5g, N, N-dimethylcyclohexylamine 0.1g, stirring at room 30min, discharging, packing;
Said polyether glycol-2000 is with embodiment 1;
When 5. using, A component and B component are got two component polyurethane by 1: 1 quality than blend;
Embodiment 3
A kind of preparation method of two component polyurethane may further comprise the steps:
1. the preparation of refining glycerine
In the raw glycerine of 100g, add the methyl acetate of 13g mass parts, with the hydrochloric acid neutralization, spinning, lower floor is used to prepare soap, upper strata liquid underpressure distillation, the methyl acetate recycle that obtains is used, and temperature rises to 105-110 ℃, and underpressure distillation 1h gets refining glycerine;
Said raw glycerine is isolating by product raw glycerine phase in the biofuel transesterify process, and biofuel transesterify raw material is the technical grade Vegetable oil lipoprotein;
2. the preparation of polyester-polyether glycol
It is broken to reclaim PET, and screening drop, stone, metal solid thing get the PET fragment; In flask, add PET fragment, refining glycerine 65g, glycol ether 90g, the catalyzer 0.07g of 100g, turn on agitator is used the microwave heating 12min of power as 600W; In flask, add Pyroglutaric acid 15-30 mass parts, use the microwave heating 35min of output rating as 800W; Vacuumize, vacuum tightness remains on-during 0.09MPa, use output rating to continue heating 10min as the microwave of 800W, cooling, polyester-polyether glycol; Polyester-polyether glycol hydroxyl value is 127mgKOH/g, and acid number is 2.1mgKOH/g;
Said catalyzer is made up of zinc oxide and iso-butyl titanate, and the mass ratio of zinc oxide and iso-butyl titanate is 1: 1.2;
3. the preparation of A component
In flask, add polyphenyl polymethylene polyisocyanates 100g, under agitation, add the 2. polyester-polyether glycol 100g of preparation, heating, temperature is controlled at 75-80 ℃, and reaction 3h is cooled to room temperature, packs;
Said polyphenyl polymethylene polyisocyanates is with embodiment 1;
4. the preparation of B component
In flask, add the 2. polyester-polyether glycol 100g of preparation, adding polyether glycol-2000 is 40g, dibutyl tin dilaurate 0.3g, N, N-dimethylcyclohexylamine 0.3g, stirring at room 30min, discharging, packing;
Said polyether glycol-2000 is with embodiment 1;
When 5. using, A component and the B component quality by 1: 1 is got final product than blend;
Embodiment 4
A kind of preparation method of biomass-based two component polyurethane, except that adding with routine hot preparation polyester-polyether glycol, other steps are with embodiment 1.
The preparation process of polyester-polyether glycol is following:
It is broken to reclaim PET, and screening drop, stone, metal solid thing get the PET fragment; In flask, add PET fragment, refining glycerine 50g, terepthaloyl moietie 80g, the catalyzer 0.04g of 100g, turn on agitator is heated to 220 ℃, reaction 2h; In flask, add Succinic anhydried 15g, react 7h down to anhydrous distillating at 220 ℃; Vacuumize, vacuum tightness remains on-during 0.09MPa, 110 ℃ of heating 10min, cooling, polyester-polyether glycol;
Polyester-polyether glycol hydroxyl value 264mg KOH/g, acid number 4.3mg KOH/g; The polyester polyol that its hydroxyl value and acid number all obtain apparently higher than embodiment 1 microwave radiation.
The application of the two component polyurethane of embodiment 5 embodiment 1-4 preparation
With the two component polyurethane of embodiment 1-4 preparation,, evenly be coated to the surface of color steel, gluing respectively through the batch process route; Resin added is 0.75kg/m
2Color steel and polystyrene foam plate gluing time 3h; 90 ℃ of compression shears are peeled off; Using the interfacial failure rate of the polystyrene foam plate of embodiment 1-3 gluing is 100%, and using the interfacial failure rate of the polystyrene foam plate of embodiment 4 gluings is 25%.
Claims (7)
1. the preparation method of a two component polyurethane is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1) preparation of polyester-polyether glycol:
It is broken to reclaim PET, and screening drop, stone, metal solid thing get the PET fragment; In flask, add PET fragment, refining glycerine 50-80 mass parts, divalent alcohol 80-100 mass parts, the catalyzer 0.04-0.10 mass parts of 100 mass parts, turn on agitator is used the microwave heating 10-15min of power as 600W; In flask, add dicarboxylic anhydride 15-30 mass parts, use the microwave heating 30-40min of output rating as 800W; Vacuumize, vacuum tightness remains on-during 0.09MPa, use output rating to continue heating 10min as the microwave of 800W, cooling, polyester-polyether glycol;
(2) preparation of A component
In flask, add polyphenyl polymethylene polyisocyanates 100 mass parts, under agitation, add polyester-polyether glycol 100 mass parts of (1) preparation, heating, temperature is controlled at 75-80 ℃, and reaction 3h is cooled to room temperature, packs;
(3) preparation of B component
In flask, add polyester-polyether glycol 100 mass parts of (1) preparation, adding polyether glycol-2000 is 30-50 mass parts, dibutyl tin dilaurate 0.1-0.5 mass parts, N; N-dimethylcyclohexylamine 0.1-0.5 mass parts; Stirring at room 30min, discharging, packing;
Said polyether glycol-2000, hydroxyl value are that 54-58mgKOH/g, molecular weight are 2000, and viscosity is 100-300mPa.s/25 ℃;
When (4) using, the quality that A component and B component were pressed 1: 1 gets final product than blend.
2. the preparation method of two component polyurethane as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, said polyester-polyether glycol, and hydroxyl value is 100-150mgKOH/g, acid number is 0.5-3mgKOH/g.
3. the preparation method of two component polyurethane as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the refining glycerine in the said step (1) prepares by following method:
In the raw glycerine of 100 mass parts, add the low boiling point organic solvent of 10-15 mass parts, with acid neutralization, spinning; Lower floor is used to prepare soap, upper strata liquid underpressure distillation, and the low boiling point organic solvent that obtains recycles; Temperature rises to 105-110 ℃, and underpressure distillation 1h gets refining glycerine;
Said raw glycerine is isolating by product raw glycerine phase in the biofuel transesterify process;
Said organic solvent is selected from one of following: methyl alcohol, ethanol, acetone, butanone, methyl acetate and ETHYLE ACETATE;
Said acid is hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid.
4. the preparation method of two component polyurethane as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, it is one of following that the divalent alcohol in the said step (1) is selected from: terepthaloyl moietie, 1; Ammediol, 1; 4-butyleneglycol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-pinakon, glycol ether, triglycol.
5. the preparation method of two component polyurethane as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the catalyzer in the said step (1) is made up of zinc oxide and titanic acid ester, and the mass ratio of zinc oxide and titanic acid ester is 1: 1.0-1.5; It is one of following that said titanic acid ester is selected from: butyl(tetra)titanate, isopropyl titanate, iso-butyl titanate.
6. the preparation method of two component polyurethane as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, it is one of following that the dicarboxylic anhydride in the said step (1) is selected from: Succinic anhydried, Pyroglutaric acid, MALEIC ANHYDRIDE, Tetra hydro Phthalic anhydride.
7. like the two component polyurethane of the described preparation of claim 1-6, it is characterized in that said two component polyurethane is used for the gluing of polystyrene foam sandwich board.
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| CN111471153A (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2020-07-31 | 齐鲁工业大学 | Method for preparing polyol and polyurethane damping foam thereof based on crude glycerol |
| CN112029063A (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2020-12-04 | 江苏湘园化工有限公司 | Liquid polyurethane curing agent composition and application method thereof |
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| CN102775575B (en) | 2014-01-15 |
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