CN102775170B - Preparation method of choke block for aluminum electrolytic tank - Google Patents
Preparation method of choke block for aluminum electrolytic tank Download PDFInfo
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- CN102775170B CN102775170B CN2012102674705A CN201210267470A CN102775170B CN 102775170 B CN102775170 B CN 102775170B CN 2012102674705 A CN2012102674705 A CN 2012102674705A CN 201210267470 A CN201210267470 A CN 201210267470A CN 102775170 B CN102775170 B CN 102775170B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of a choke block for an aluminum electrolytic tank and belongs to the technical field of electrolytic bathes. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: weighing and mixing the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 70-85 percent of tabular corundum, 8-15 percent of magnesia fine powder, 4-13 percent of alumina micro powder, 1.5-6 percent of calcium aluminate cement, 0.5-3 percent of spinel fine powder and 0.5-1 percent of electric smelting zirconia, wherein the total quantity of the raw materials is 100 percent, and 0.02-0.2 percent by weight of explosion-proof fiber and 0.1-0.3 percent by weight of retarder are added, adding water into different components and conveying into a forced agitator to uniformly agitate for 8-12 minutes; installing a mould onto a vibration platform, adding agitated ingredients into the mould and starting the vibration platform to vibrate for 3-5 minutes; naturally curing for 35-40 hours, demoulding and naturally curing for 40-50 hours again to obtain a casting product; and conveying the casting product into a high-temperature kiln with a temperature of 1600-1650 DEG C, firing, melting and re-crystallizing to obtain the choke block for the aluminum electrolytic tank. The choke block prepared by the method has good choke effect, good corrosion resistance and high thermal stability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of choke block for aluminum cell, belong to the cell technologies field.
Background technology
Along with the raising of Mathematical model and operative technique level, the aluminium cell of international and domestic new design and establishing is to the future development that maximizes.The electric current that uses be increased to 500KA-700KA even more than.The aluminum electrolyzation technology of China is also needing very large improvement aspect the energy consumption of electrolyzer.One ton of aluminium of the consumption of direct current of present domestic aluminium manufacturer needs 13200-13500 degree electricity, and what even have is electric near 14000 degree.
In aluminium electrolysis process, bath voltage is the important indicator that affects energy consumption, in the situation that do not change the groove structure, 70% left and right of voltage totally can fall but pole span voltage range of decrease degree accounts for electrolytic aluminum, the major measure of pole span loss of voltage reduces the electrolyzer pole span exactly, the every reduction of pole span 1cm, bath voltage will reduce 300mv, and 1000KWh can economize on electricity.This shows, reducing pole span is the energy-conservation important development direction of electrolysis of aluminum.
And existing cell construction, due to magnetic field and electric current acting in conjunction formation electromagnetic force, orders about aluminium liquid and ionogen rapid flow, and interface and inner fluctuation are violent.In order to keep the stably manufactured of electrolyzer, electrolyzer has to keep the high pole span operation of 4.5-5.5cm, to avoid too much metallic aluminium to be pushed to or to diffuse to positive column, cause invalid secondary reaction and current efficiency loss, restricted the reduction of pole span and bath voltage.Realize low pole span and do not lose current efficiency, will solve electrolyzer and reduce the fluctuating range at flow rate of aluminium liquid and interface under low pole span.
Suppress the fluctuation of aluminium liquid, the stability that improves electrolyzer generally has two kinds of methods.Eliminate or reduce on the one hand the factor of metal wave from source, as the distribution in magnetic field, the distribution of electric current, thus can suppress metal wave, improve electrolyzer stability, thereby can realize reducing pole span, current efficiency is not lost yet simultaneously.Be exactly by directly suppressing the method for metal wave, reach the reduction flow rate of aluminium liquid, reducing the purpose of aluminium liquid interface fluctuation on the other hand, realized equally the stable of electrolyzer, thereby also can reduce pole span, reach energy-saving and cost-reducing purpose.
The existing choke apparatus that adopts is placed in aluminium cell, a kind of removable aluminum electrolysis cell cathode choking device is disclosed as CN102121116 (2011-7-13), the negative electrode choke apparatus is placed on the surface of cathode block, and the negative electrode choke apparatus adopts high temperature resistant, corrosion-resistant, heavy mullite, spinel or zircon material to make.Yet this patent only relates to the main raw material(s) of negative electrode choke apparatus and concrete material and the preparation method of unexposed negative electrode choke apparatus.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide that a kind of resistance flowing effect is good, erosion-resisting characteristics is good and the preparation method of the choke block for aluminum cell that thermal stability is high.
Technical purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs: a kind of preparation method of choke block for aluminum cell comprises step:
A. batching is mixed: weighing plate diamond spar 70-85%, magnesia powder 8-15%, alumina powder 4-13%, aluminous cement 1.5-6%, spinel fine powder 0.5-3%, electric-melting zirconia 0.5-1% mix by weight percentage, the above-mentioned raw materials total amount is 100%, additional explosion-proof fiber 0.02-0.2%, retardant 0.1-0.3%, add water in different components, send into uniform stirring 8-12min in forced mixer;
B. cast: mould is placed on shaking table, to the batching that adds in mould after stirring, Vibration on Start-up platform vibration 3-5min; The demoulding after natural curing 35-40h, after the demoulding again natural curing 40-50h obtain cast product;
C. baking: described cast product is sent into recrystallization after the high temperature klining melting processed of 1600-1650 ℃, obtained choke block for aluminum cell.
Preparation method's of the present invention advantage is:
1. traditional choker bar is the polylith combination, choke block for aluminum cell of the present invention is integrated poured to be integral, can reduce the whole usage quantity of choker bar, the volume of the electrolyzer that minimizing choker bar volume takies, the usage space of increase electrolyzer;
2. there is the mullite that the silicon-dioxide impurity that a small amount of raw material is brought into and alumina powder have generated excellent property without free silica.Changed traditional carbonaceous choker bar and increased the shortcoming of the pollution aluminium liquid of the shortcoming of carbon emission, atmosphere pollution and pure magnesium-aluminium spinel piece, reduced the workload of subsequent handling, stopped the Eroded of metal aluminium liquid to choker bar, reduced the maintenance number of times of choker bar and servicing time, increase the service life, improved the system operation factor, saved production cost;
3. utilize plate diamond spar to be aggregate, take spinel fine powder, magnesia powder, alumina powder as matrix, make it at high temperature form the spinel crystalline phase, and the zirconium dioxide in electric-melting zirconia has promoted the generation of spinel crystalline phase, and this kind crystalline phase produces synergistic function, and thermal expansivity is little, thermal stresses is little, good thermal shock, corrosion resistance is strong, and then has improved the over-all properties of choker bar;
4. utilize plate diamond spar to be aggregate, with the synthetic compound introducing spinel of the mode (MgAl of original position
2O
4), the thermal stability in aluminium liquid of spinel will be higher than α-Al
2O
3, the introducing of spinel has effect preferably to the shortcoming that improves a little less than the poor and thermostability of traditional corundum based refractory materials erosion-resisting characteristics; Adopt the wedding agent of pure calcium aluminate as the choker bar material system, wedding agent itself just has resistant to elevated temperatures characteristics preferably, can not bring various low melting point vapours, improved use properties, and the CaO that brings into due to cement in corundum based refractory materials finally can react the generation calcium hexaluminate, and the thermal stability in aluminium liquid of calcium hexaluminate or CaO will be higher than α-Al
2O
3, the countless network structures of wedding agent generation had simultaneously both improved intensity, had increased again the product thermal shock resistance;
5. the choker bar of preparation does not pollute filtrate, and choker bar density is at 2.8g/cm
3Above, sink in aluminium liquid, aluminium liquid is formed the choked flow effect, reach the reduction flow rate of aluminium liquid, reduce the purpose of aluminium liquid interface fluctuation, realize equally the stable of electrolyzer, thereby also can reduce pole span, reach energy-saving and cost-reducing purpose.
As preferably, described retardant is one or both in tripoly phosphate sodium STPP or Sodium hexametaphosphate 99.
As preferably, the quality index of described plate diamond spar is: Al
2O
3〉=99%.
As preferably, the quality index of described alumina powder is: Al
2O
3〉=99%.
As preferably, the quality index of spinel fine powder is: Al
2O
372-75%, MgO 25-28%.
As preferably, the quality index of magnesia powder is: MgO 〉=97%, Al
2O
30.05-0.15%.
As preferably, the quality index of pure calcium aluminate cement is: Al
2O
372-78%, CaO 11-17%.
More preferably, described pure calcium aluminate cement is the Secar71 pure calcium aluminate cement of Keyes's promise (China) aluminate cement company limited.
As preferably, the optimum ratio of described choke block for aluminum cell is: plate diamond spar 72-75%, magnesia powder 10-12%, alumina powder 8-10%, aluminous cement 3-4%, spinel fine powder 1-2%, electric-melting zirconia 0.5-1% mix, the above-mentioned raw materials total amount is 100%, additional explosion-proof fiber 0.08-0.15%, retardant 0.1-0.3%.
As preferably, explosion-proof fiber is the polyurethanes fiber.
As preferably, described step B is specially: mould is placed on shaking table, to the batching that adds in mould after stirring, Vibration on Start-up platform vibration 3-5min; The demoulding after natural curing 38h, after the demoulding again natural curing 48h obtain cast product.
A kind of choke block for aluminum cell, its raw materials comprises plate diamond spar, spinel fine powder, magnesia powder, alumina powder and pure calcium aluminate cement, described raw material and proportion of composing by weight percentage are: plate diamond spar 70-85%, magnesia powder 8-15%, alumina powder 4-13%, aluminous cement 1.5-6%, spinel fine powder 0.5-3%, electric-melting zirconia 0.5-1%, the above-mentioned raw materials total amount is 100%, additional explosion-proof fiber 0.02-0.2%, retardant 0.1-0.3%.
The advantage of product of the present invention is: have the mullite that the silicon-dioxide impurity that a small amount of raw material is brought into and alumina powder have generated excellent property without free silica.Changed traditional carbonaceous choker bar and increased the shortcoming of the pollution aluminium liquid of the shortcoming of carbon emission, atmosphere pollution and pure magnesium-aluminium spinel piece, reduced the workload of subsequent handling, stop the Eroded of metal aluminium liquid to choker bar, reduced maintenance number of times and the servicing time of choker bar.
Embodiment
Choke block for aluminum cell raw materials formula 1(is called for short formula 1): by weight percentage, plate diamond spar 85%, magnesia powder 8%, alumina powder 4%, aluminous cement 1.5%, spinel fine powder 0.5%, electric-melting zirconia 0.5% mix, the above-mentioned raw materials total amount is 100%, additional explosion-proof fiber 0.02%, zinc chloride 0.1%.
Choke block for aluminum cell raw materials formula 2(is called for short formula 2): by weight percentage, plate diamond spar 70%, magnesia powder 15%, alumina powder 12%, aluminous cement 1.6%, spinel fine powder 0.8%, electric-melting zirconia 0.6% mix, the above-mentioned raw materials total amount is 100%, additional explosion-proof fiber 0.2%, high sugared sulfonated lignin 0.3%.
Choke block for aluminum cell raw materials formula 3(is called for short formula 3): by weight percentage, plate diamond spar 74%, magnesia powder 11.2%, alumina powder 9%, aluminous cement 3.5%, spinel fine powder 1.5%, electric-melting zirconia 0.8% mix, the above-mentioned raw materials total amount is 100%, additional explosion-proof fiber 0.1%, Sodium hexametaphosphate 99 0.2%.
Choke block for aluminum cell raw materials formula 4(is called for short formula 4): plate diamond spar 72%, magnesia powder 12%, alumina powder 10%, aluminous cement 4%, spinel fine powder 1%, electric-melting zirconia 1% mix, the above-mentioned raw materials total amount is 100%, the explosion-proof fiber 0.08% of additional polyurethanes, tripoly phosphate sodium STPP 0.1%;
Wherein the quality index of plate diamond spar is: Al
2O
3〉=99%;
The quality index of alumina powder is: Al
2O
3〉=99%;
The quality index of spinel fine powder is: Al
2O
372-75%, MgO 25-28%;
The quality index of magnesia powder is: MgO 〉=97%, Al
2O
30.05-0.15%;
The quality index of pure calcium aluminate cement is: Al
2O
372-78%, CaO 11-17%.
Choke block for aluminum cell raw materials formula 5(is called for short formula 5): plate diamond spar 75%, magnesia powder 10%, alumina powder 8%, aluminous cement 4%, spinel fine powder 2%, electric-melting zirconia 1% mix, the above-mentioned raw materials total amount is 100%, the mixture 0.3% of the explosion-proof fiber 0.15% of additional polyurethanes, tripoly phosphate sodium STPP and Sodium hexametaphosphate 99, wherein tripoly phosphate sodium STPP and Sodium hexametaphosphate 99 3:7 mixing in mass ratio;
Wherein the quality index of plate diamond spar is: Al
2O
3〉=99%;
The quality index of alumina powder is: Al
2O
3〉=99%;
The quality index of spinel fine powder is: Al
2O
372-75%, MgO 25-28%;
The quality index of magnesia powder is: MgO 〉=97%, Al
2O
30.05-0.15%;
Pure calcium aluminate cement is the Secar71 pure calcium aluminate cement of Keyes's promise (China) aluminate cement company limited.
Embodiment one
Use formula 1 to prepare choke block for aluminum cell:, by formula 1 batching, to add water in different components, send into uniform stirring 8min in forced mixer; Mould is placed on shaking table, to the batching that adds in mould after stirring, Vibration on Start-up platform vibration 3min; The demoulding after natural curing 35h, after the demoulding again natural curing 40h obtain cast product; Cast product is sent into recrystallization after the high temperature klining melting processed of 1600 ℃, obtained choke block for aluminum cell.After tested, product performance index is in Table 1.
Choker bar of the present invention is integrated poured be integral after, rely on own wt to stop that aluminium liquid flows, than traditional polylith combination, can reduce the whole usage quantity of choker bar, the volume of the electrolyzer that minimizing choker bar volume takies, increase the usage space of electrolyzer, and accomplish seamless choked flow in electrolyzer, the resistance flowing effect of choker bar improves.
Embodiment two
Use formula 2 to prepare choke block for aluminum cell:, by formula 2 batchings, to add water in different components, send into uniform stirring 12min in forced mixer; Mould is placed on shaking table, to the batching that adds in mould after stirring, Vibration on Start-up platform vibration 5min; The demoulding after natural curing 40h, after the demoulding again natural curing 50h obtain cast product; Cast product is sent into recrystallization after the high temperature klining melting processed of 1650 ℃, obtained choke block for aluminum cell.
Embodiment three
Use formula 3 to prepare choke block for aluminum cell:, by formula 3 batchings, to add water in different components, send into uniform stirring 10min in forced mixer; Mould is placed on shaking table, to the batching that adds in mould after stirring, Vibration on Start-up platform vibration 3-5min; The demoulding after natural curing 38h, after the demoulding again natural curing 45h obtain cast product; Cast product is sent into recrystallization after the high temperature klining melting processed of 1600-1650 ℃, obtained choke block for aluminum cell.
Embodiment four
Use formula 4 to prepare choke block for aluminum cell:, by formula 4 batchings, to add water in different components, send into uniform stirring 8-12min in forced mixer; Mould is placed on shaking table, to the batching that adds in mould after stirring, Vibration on Start-up platform vibration 3-5min; The demoulding after natural curing 38h, after the demoulding again natural curing 48h obtain cast product; Cast product is sent into recrystallization after the high temperature klining melting processed of 1600-1650 ℃, obtained choke block for aluminum cell.
Embodiment five
Use formula 5 to prepare choke block for aluminum cell:, by formula 5 batchings, to add water in different components, send into uniform stirring 8-12min in forced mixer; Mould is placed on shaking table, to the batching that adds in mould after stirring, Vibration on Start-up platform vibration 3-5min; The demoulding after natural curing 38h, after the demoulding again natural curing 48h obtain cast product; Cast product is sent into recrystallization after the high temperature klining melting processed of 1600-1650 ℃, obtained choke block for aluminum cell.
The comparative example one
Traditional choker bar goods are press-formed product, and general requirements is of a size of 650 * 150 * 130mm, in use need two to connect use (width of general conventional aluminum electrolyzer is wanted 13000mm).
Table 1 embodiment and comparative example's product performance relatively
As can be seen from Table 1,
A) volume density of the present invention is larger, and good volume stability has been arranged, and the corundum products of compression moulding of being combined with traditional dextrin is compared, and volume density is higher, and the performance of flushing of the liquid of anti-aluminium is better;
B) normal temperature and pressure intensity of the present invention and strength at normal temperature are high, and heating permanent line velocity of variation is little, so the anti-erosion of product, thermal shock resistance energy and the water of anti-aluminium performance of flushing, and product is improved work-ing life in aluminium liquid and ionogen.
This specific embodiment is only explanation of the invention; it is not limitation of the present invention; those skilled in the art can make to the present embodiment the modification that there is no creative contribution as required after reading this specification sheets, but as long as all are subject to the protection of patent law in claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. the preparation method of a choke block for aluminum cell is characterized in that: comprise step:
A. batching is mixed: weighing plate diamond spar 70-85%, magnesia powder 8-15%, alumina powder 4-13%, aluminous cement 1.5-6%, spinel fine powder 0.5-3%, electric-melting zirconia 0.5-1% mix by weight percentage, the above-mentioned raw materials total amount is 100%, additional explosion-proof fiber 0.02-0.2%, retardant 0.1-0.3%, add water in different components, send into uniform stirring 8-12min in forced mixer;
B. cast: mould is placed on shaking table, to the batching that adds in mould after stirring, Vibration on Start-up platform vibration 3-5min; The demoulding after natural curing 35-40h, after the demoulding again natural curing 40-50h obtain cast product;
C. baking: described cast product is sent into recrystallization after the high temperature klining melting processed of 1600-1650 ℃, obtained choke block for aluminum cell;
Described retardant is the mixture of Sodium hexametaphosphate 99 or tripoly phosphate sodium STPP and Sodium hexametaphosphate 99.
2. the preparation method of a kind of choke block for aluminum cell according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the quality index of described plate diamond spar is: Al
2O
3〉=99%.
3. the preparation method of a kind of choke block for aluminum cell according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the quality index of described alumina powder is: Al
2O
3〉=99%.
4. the preparation method of a kind of choke block for aluminum cell according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the quality index of described spinel fine powder is: Al
2O
372-75%, MgO 25-28%.
5. the preparation method of a kind of choke block for aluminum cell according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the quality index of described magnesia powder is: MgO 〉=97%, Al
2O
30.05-0.15%.
6. the preparation method of a kind of choke block for aluminum cell according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the quality index of described pure calcium aluminate cement is: Al
2O
372-78%, CaO 11-17%.
7. the preparation method of a kind of choke block for aluminum cell according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described explosion-proof fiber is the polyurethanes fiber.
8. the preparation method of according to claim 1-7 described a kind of choke block for aluminum cells of any one, it is characterized in that: the optimum ratio of described choke block for aluminum cell is: plate diamond spar 72-75%, magnesia powder 10-12%, alumina powder 8-10%, aluminous cement 3-4%, spinel fine powder 1-2%, electric-melting zirconia 0.5-1% mix, the above-mentioned raw materials total amount is 100%, additional explosion-proof fiber 0.08-0.15%, retardant 0.1-0.3%.
9. the preparation method of according to claim 1-7 described a kind of choke block for aluminum cells of any one, it is characterized in that: described step B is specially: mould is placed on shaking table, to the batching that adds in mould after stirring, Vibration on Start-up platform vibration 3-5min; The demoulding after natural curing 38h, after the demoulding again natural curing 48h obtain cast product.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012102674705A CN102775170B (en) | 2012-07-30 | 2012-07-30 | Preparation method of choke block for aluminum electrolytic tank |
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| CN102775170B true CN102775170B (en) | 2013-11-13 |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104250099B (en) * | 2013-06-25 | 2018-07-20 | 上海宝钢工业技术服务有限公司 | Al2O3- MgO refractory casting materials and preparation method thereof |
| CN103993333A (en) * | 2014-04-01 | 2014-08-20 | 浙江立鑫高温耐火材料有限公司 | High aluminum flow blocking block and aluminum electrolyte tank |
| CN103951393A (en) * | 2014-04-01 | 2014-07-30 | 浙江立鑫高温耐火材料有限公司 | High-aluminum choking block |
| CN105036716B (en) * | 2015-07-09 | 2017-09-22 | 青岛西海岸高新材料有限公司 | A kind of corrosion-proof fire-resistant material and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1072624C (en) * | 1996-10-24 | 2001-10-10 | 周季楠 | Antierosion fireproof material for aluminium electrolyzer |
| CN1252396A (en) * | 1999-11-16 | 2000-05-10 | 王孝明 | Anti-seepage errosionproof refractory material |
| CN101407425A (en) * | 2008-10-24 | 2009-04-15 | 浙江锦诚耐火材料有限公司 | Corundum spinelle kilneye fire resistant pouring material |
| CN101723690B (en) * | 2009-04-27 | 2013-04-24 | 中钢集团耐火材料有限公司 | Self-flow castable for filling back seam of side wall of aluminium electrolytic bath |
| CN101830712A (en) * | 2010-04-20 | 2010-09-15 | 贵阳联合高温材料有限公司 | Impermeable insulating drier for aluminum cell |
| CN102603326B (en) * | 2012-03-21 | 2013-07-31 | 长兴云峰炉料有限公司 | Microcrystalline glass composite ceramic Al2O3-SiC-C-based castable |
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Address after: 313100 new industrial park, pheasant City, Huzhou, Zhejiang, Changxing County Patentee after: Zhejiang Jincheng new material Limited by Share Ltd Address before: 313100 Changxing County Jincheng Industrial Zone, Zhejiang, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province Jincheng refractory material Co., Ltd. Patentee before: Zhejiang Jincheng Refractories Co., Ltd. |