CN102771371A

CN102771371A - Solar soilless culture system with optical control water level controller

Info

Publication number: CN102771371A
Application number: CN201110121181XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 沈建彬
Original assignee: TAICANG XIANGHE VEGETABLE PROFESSIONAL COOPERATIVES
Current assignee: TAICANG XIANGHE VEGETABLE PROFESSIONAL COOPERATIVES
Priority date: 2011-05-11
Filing date: 2011-05-11
Publication date: 2012-11-14

Abstract

The invention discloses a solar soilless culture system with an optical control water level controller. The solar soilless culture system comprises the optical control water level controller, a collection unit, a charging unit, an irrigation unit, an illumination unit, a support frame and a container, wherein the collection unit is used for converting solar energy into electric energy, the charging unit is electrically connected with the collection unit, the irrigation unit and the illumination unit are electrically connected with the charging unit, the optical control water level controller is electrically connected with the charging unit and comprises a power supply circuit, a water level control circuit, an optical control circuit, a low-water-level detection line, a middle-water-level detection line, a high-water-level detection line and a relay, the water level control circuit is connected with the power supply circuit, the optical control circuit is connected with the water level control circuit, the low-water-level detection line, the middle-water-level detection line, the high-water-level detection line and the relay are connected with the water level control circuit, the water level control circuit adopts the water level detection lines for detecting the water level in the container, and in addition, the state of the relay is controlled according to signals of the optical control circuit and the measured water level, so the charging unit is controlled for supplying electricity to the irrigation unit.

Description

A kind of solar energy soilless culture system with light-control water level controller

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of soilless culture system, relate in particular to a kind of solar energy soilless culture system with light-control water level controller.

Background technology

In the process of industrialized agriculture develop rapidly, the planting patterns of soilless culture more and more is widely used in modern times.And in the modern installations agricultural, especially in the soilless culture of horticultural crop, the increasing employing automatic water-supply of cultivation technique without soil irrigation technique.

The water tower or the elevated tank that supply water for industrial and agricultural production and resident living all are to realize automatic water-supply through water level automatic control device basically.The water level controller that uses at present, wherein a kind of is float-ball type.Floating ball type water level controller mainly is made up of ball float, nylon rope, pulley, balancing weight, support, spacing shelves, connecting rod and travel switch; Be to lean on ball float along with water level is controlled in the up-down of water level; Its main deficiency is: winter weather cold, and make nylon rope and pulley, spacing shelves etc. locate to freeze, nylon rope can not slide on pulley along with ball float and balancing weight; Make spacing shelves not touch limit switch, cause malfunctioning by former design idea.In addition, summer weather is hot, because travel switch is installed in water surface top in the water tank, water vapour corrodes travel switch, causes the travel switch short circuit, causes control device out of control.The float-ball type control device also can cause out of control because of the machine driving fault sometimes.

In addition, the soilless culture system that uses in the reality need be assisted with electrically energized machines such as relevant lighting device, irrigation devices, and these devices need be by driven by power, the electric power resource of meeting labor.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of soilless culture system with light-control water level controller, it is simple in structure, and dependable performance can the conservation of power resource.

For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:

A kind of solar energy soilless culture system with light-control water level controller; Comprising conversion of solar energy is the collecting unit of electric energy, the charhing unit that is electrically connected with said collecting unit, the irrigating unit and the lighting unit that are electrically connected with said charhing unit; And support and container; Said collecting unit is arranged on the top of said support, and said container is arranged on the below of said support, and said lighting unit is arranged on the top of container; Said solar energy soilless culture system also comprises the light-control water level controller, and said light-control water level controller comprises:

Power circuit; The water-level control circuit that links to each other with said power circuit; The light-operated circuit that links to each other with said water-level control circuit; That link to each other, that place said container low water level with said water-level control circuit surveys that line, mid water levels are surveyed line, high water level is surveyed line, link to each other with said water-level control circuit, place the relay between said charhing unit and the irrigating unit.

As the optimization to technique scheme, said power circuit comprises transformer, the current rectifying and wave filtering circuit that is connected with said transformer secondary coiling group.

As the optimization to technique scheme, said mid water levels is surveyed line and is connected with the output of said transformer through first resistance, and said high water level is surveyed line and directly is connected with the output of said transformer.

As optimization to technique scheme; Said water-level control circuit comprises that said low water level surveys second resistance and first diode of connecting between line and the earth point; Survey second diode that line is connected with said low water level; With first capacitor, the 6th resistance parallelly connected between said second diode and the earth point, first Schmidt trigger circuit of connecting with said second diode, the first and second CMOS integrated circuits that are connected with said first Schmidt trigger circuit simultaneously; The said first and second COMS integrated circuits are connected with relay.

As optimization to technique scheme; Said light-operated circuit comprises: by the light testing circuit of photo resistance and the series connection of the 3rd resistance; Second electric capacity parallelly connected with said the 3rd resistance; Second Schmidt trigger circuit that links to each other with said light testing circuit, the 5th diode of connecting successively with said second Schmidt trigger circuit and the parallel circuit of forming by the 4th electric capacity and the tenth resistance, said parallel circuit links to each other with said first Schmidt circuit.

As the optimization to technique scheme, said power circuit also comprises whether first light emitting diode of operate as normal of indication power supply;

The input of said relay is parallel with the contact circuit of the indication pump working state that second light emitting diode forms of the 13 resistance.

As optimization to technique scheme, said relay parallel connection the 8th electric capacity.

Solar energy soilless culture system with light-control water level controller provided by the invention, it adopts collecting unit is electric energy with conversion of solar energy, for irrigating unit and lighting unit provide electric energy; Also adopted the light-control water level controller that the power supply of irrigating unit is controlled: when water level is lower than low water level detection line, control circuit output high level, relay adhesive; Start irrigating unit and supply water, when water level was between high water level detection line and the mid water levels detection line, control circuit kept original state; Relay is in attracting state; Irrigating unit keeps duty, when water level is higher than high water level detection line, and the control circuit output low level; Relay breaks off; Irrigating unit quits work, make like this water level in the container remain at low water level survey line height or more than, be not higher than the height that high water level is surveyed line simultaneously.Therefore, the soilless culture system with light-control water level controller of the present invention, simple in structure, dependable performance can the conservation of power resource.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is elaborated.

Fig. 1 is a functional-block diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a Facad structure sketch map of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of light-control water level controller of the present invention.

Embodiment

In order to make the object of the invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer,, the present invention is further elaborated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explanation the present invention, and be not used in qualification the present invention.

As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2; A kind of solar energy soilless culture system of the present invention with light-control water level controller 20, comprising conversion of solar energy is the collecting unit 10 of electric energy, the charhing unit 50 that is electrically connected with collecting unit 10; The irrigating unit and the lighting unit that are electrically connected with charhing unit 50; And support 60 and container 70, collecting unit 10 is arranged on the top of support 60, and container 70 is arranged on the below of support 60; Lighting unit is arranged on the top of container 70, and the solar energy soilless culture system also comprises light-control water level controller 20.

Lighting unit of the present invention comprises the electronic controller (not shown) of the LED light pipe and the duty of this LED light pipe of control.Lighting unit is arranged on container 70 tops, is convenient to be container 70 illuminations.Irrigating unit is a water pump, and said water pump connects respectively at container 70 through the water route tube connector.

Be illustrated in figure 3 as the circuit diagram of the light-control water level controller among the present invention; Light-operated water level of the present invention is controlled 20 devices and is comprised: power circuit; The water-level control circuit that links to each other with power circuit; The light-operated circuit that links to each other with water-level control circuit, the low water level that links to each other with water-level control circuit, place container 70 survey that line A, mid water levels survey line B, high water level is surveyed line C, link to each other with water-level control circuit, place the relay Q1 between charhing unit 50 and the irrigating unit.

Water-level control circuit uses water-level detecting line (A, B and C) to record water level, and according to the state of the signal of light-operated circuit and the water level control relay Q1 that records, thereby the control of pump power supply.

Wherein, power circuit comprises transformer T1, the current rectifying and wave filtering circuit that is connected with transformer secondary coiling group.

Mid water levels is surveyed line B and 1. is connected with the output of transformer T1 through first resistance R 1, and high water level is surveyed line C and directly 1. is connected with the output of transformer T1.

Water-level control circuit comprises that low water level surveys second resistance R 2 and the first diode D1 that connects between line A and the earth point; Survey the second diode D2 that line A connects with low water level; With the first capacitor C1, the 6th resistance R 6 parallelly connected between the second diode D2 and the earth point; First Schmidt trigger circuit of connecting with the second diode D2, the CMOS IC 1C and the 2nd CMOS IC 1F that are connected with first Schmidt trigger circuit simultaneously; The first and second COMS integrated circuits are connected with relay Q1.

Light-operated circuit comprises: by the light testing circuit of photo resistance RG and the 3rd resistance series connection R3; Second capacitor C 2 parallelly connected with the 3rd resistance R 3; Second Schmidt trigger circuit that links to each other with the light testing circuit; The 5th diode D5 that connects successively with second Schmidt trigger circuit and the parallel circuit of being made up of the 4th capacitor C 4 and the tenth resistance R 10, parallel circuit links to each other with first Schmidt circuit.

Observe the duty of power circuit for ease, power circuit also comprises the whether first light emitting diode D7 of operate as normal of indication power supply.

Relay Q1 parallel connection the 8th capacitor C 8.

Observe the pump working state for ease, the input of relay Q1 of the present invention is parallel with the circuit of the indication pump working state of the 13 resistance R 13 polyphones second light emitting diode D10 pipe composition.

That end of water-level detecting line A, B, C contact with water can be electrode.

Circuit diagram with light-control water level controller of the present invention is the basis below, and the operation principle of light-control water level controller is elaborated.

Be illustrated in figure 5 as the circuit diagram of light-control water level controller of the present invention, the civil power of 220V is through transformer T1, and by D8, D9 full-wave rectification, the DC voltage that obtains after the C7 filtering about about 14V supplies complete machine to use, and D7 is used for the power supply indication.1., 2. the alternating voltage between winding is also as the power supply of water level detecting for transformer.When water tower level is lower than electrode B when following, do not have the electric current of detection between each electrode and pass through, the voltage at C1 two ends is 0V, (1) pin of IC1A is a low level.R7, R9, IC1A and IC1B form Schmidt trigger, the 4. pin output low level of the output IC1B of this trigger, and the 6. pin of IC1C and the 8. pin of IC1F are high level; Solid-state relay Q1 conducting, water pump gets electric drawing water, and the water level in the water tower raises gradually; When water level height to electrode B, 2. the electric current of the positive half cycle of alternating current is held by the 1. end of the transformer R1 → electrode B → water → electrode A → D2 → R6 → ground → transformer of flowing through, and simultaneously C1 is charged; Because the equivalent resistance of R1 and water series connection back and R6 dividing potential drop, the voltage that the C1 two ends are obtained still is lower than the threshold voltage of Schmidt trigger, and trigger does not overturn; The 4. pin of IC1B is a low level still, and Q1 is conducting still, and water pump remains in operation; During the alternating voltage negative half period, electric current is alternating current by the 1. end of the 2. end → ground → D1 → R2 → electrode A → water → electrode B → R1 → transformer of transformer so flow through the electric current of electrode A and electrode B; Regulate the resistance size of R2; The size of current of the positive-negative half-cycle that flows through the water level detecting electrode is equated, can avoid the water level detecting electrode that the polarization reaction takes place, prolong the service life of electrode.When water level is increased to electrode C; 2. the electric current of the positive half cycle of alternating current is held by flow through electrode B and C → water → electrode A → D2 → R6 → ground → transformer of the 1. end of transformer; Because electrode C participates in conduction, make the voltage at C1 two ends be higher than the threshold voltage of Schmidt trigger.Trigger overturns, the 4. pin output high level of IC1B, and the equal output low level of 8. pin of the 6. pin of IC1C and IC1F is ended Q1, and water pump stops pumping.Water level during people's water, in the water tower reduces gradually, when water level below electrode C, when electrode B is above because the existence of Schmidt trigger hysteresis voltage, this moment, the C1 two ends still kept high level, Schmidt trigger does not overturn.The 4. pin of output IC1B still is a high level, and the equal output low level of 8. pin of the 6. pin of IC1C and IC1F makes Q1 continue to end, and water pump is stall still.When water tower level is lower than electrode B when following, there is not electric current to pass through each detecting electrode, the voltage at capacitor C 1 two ends is 0V, the Schmidt trigger upset, the Q1 conducting, water pump electricity again draws water.

As a preferred embodiment, the present invention also has light-operated water supply function.Its operation principle is for: this controller is to utilize photo resistance to detect early morning (before the 8) colour of sky to make Schmidt send out that device overturns, water pump gets electric drawing water from the variation that secretly brightens as triggering signal, thereby guarantees the every day of realization in paddy electricity power-on time function once of drawing water automatically.Among Fig. 5, R3 and photo resistance RG constitute the light testing circuit, and R4, R5, IC1D, IC1E also constitute a Schmidt trigger.When light was dark, the resistance of photo resistance was bigger, and the C2 two ends are low level, and the 10. pin of the output IC1E of Schmidt trigger is a low level; This moment, D5 ended, and light-operated circuit is inoperative, when the colour of sky brightens gradually; The resistance of photo resistance reduces thereupon, and the current potential at C2 two ends constantly raises, when the current potential at C2 two ends during greater than the threshold voltage of Schmidt trigger; The trigger upset, the 10. pin saltus step of IC1E is a high level, the D5 conducting.Because the voltage at C4 two ends can not suddenly change, so the 3. pin saltus step of IC1B is a high level, the 4. pin of IC1B is a low level, because the time-lag action of C5, R11, the saltus step at once of the 5. pin of IC1C and the 9. pin of IC1F is a low level.The low level of IC1B (4) pin is delivered to the 1. pin of IC1A through the R9 feedback in addition; 1. the height of pin level depends on the water level situation of water tower; If water tower level is when electrode C place, the 1. pin of IC1A is a high level, and the 4. pin of IC1B becomes high level; The 6. pin of IC1C and the 8. pin of IC1F are low level, and water pump does not still draw water; If the water level of water tower is when electrode C is following, because the feedback effect of R9, making the 1. pin saltus step of IC1A is low level; Trigger output IC1B 4. pin also is a low level, VCC through R11, IC1B 4. pin C5 is charged, the current potential of 9. pin of (5) pin and the IC1F of IC1C is constantly reduced; After after a while (about 3 seconds), make (5) pin of IC1C and the 9. pin of IC1F become low level, the 8. pin saltus step of the 6. pin of IC1C and IC1F is a high level; Q1 conducting, water pump get electric drawing water, and are raised to electrode C place until water level; IC1A 1. pin becomes high level again, and IC1A 2. pin becomes low level, and then the high level of the 10. output of IC1E is through the D5 of R8 and conducting; To C4 charging, the 3. pin current potential of IC1B is constantly descended, when IC1B 3. pin becomes low level the time; C5 fill at two ends electric charge through the discharge of the 4. pin of Vcc, R11 and IC1B, the current potential of 9. pin of 5. pin and the IC1F of IC1C is constantly risen, when the 5. pin of IC1C and IC1F 9. pin becomes high level the time; The 6. pin of IC1C and the 10. pin of lC1F become low level, and Q1 ends, and water pump stops pumping.K1 is that hand control switch, C8 are used to protect solid-state relay Q1 in the circuit.

Further, the present invention can also be provided with delay circuit, with the electric equipment in the holding circuit.The operation principle of delay circuit is: when restoring electricity again after the power failure, if water level at electrode C place (water is full), because the voltage at C1 two ends is 0V at this moment, and flows through the charging of the positive half cycle alternating current of detecting electrode to C1; Pass through about 1～2 second and could set up normal voltage, so in this 1～2 second, the input of IC1A is a low level, if the delay circuit of no C5, R11 composition; The high level of the 8. pin of the 6. pin of IC1C and IC1F output at this moment, water pump can rotate, but 1-2 is after second; The voltage at C1 two ends is tending towards normal high level, and Schmidt trigger overturns, and water pump stops operating again; In order to overcome the rotation phenomenon in short-term of water pump, specially be provided with the delay circuit that constitutes by C5, R11, delayed time about about 3 seconds; In this 3 second, no matter the water level what state, water pump does not rotate; After 3 seconds, normal voltage has been set up at the C1 two ends, so water pump can not rotate yet.If water level will be through after 3 seconds below electrode B, water pump could get electric drawing water, and is full of electrode C place up to water level, and this circuit of while also has positive role to the dash current of the moment that restores electricity after reducing to have a power failure.

Each component parameter such as accompanying drawing 3 signs in the circuit; T1 can select the transformer of two 12V, 3W for use; Q1 is that 10A/480V, direct-current control voltage are that the solid-state relay of 3～32V (can be selected for use and tear parts open; If it is the relay of 12V that nothing also can adopt contact current 10A pick-up voltage); RG adopts the photo resistance of or

all can; The water level detecting electrode can be made (with the water level detecting electrode that electric furnace heating wire is made, result of use is also fine) with stainless steel material.

Need explanation to be, IC1 selects CD4069 six not gate CMOS integrated circuits for use, and electric iron should be noted ground connection during welding; After entire circuit welding is accomplished, pack printed circuit board (PCB) in the sizeable plastic casing into, and on the appropriate location of plastic casing front panel, fix power supply indication luminous tube D7 and indicate luminous tube D10 with the pump working state; Do not connect earlier solid-state relay Q1, the pin of photo resistance and lead connect back (pin puts insulating sleeve), and installing to a length is (but the suitable ball penholder of intercepted length replaces) in the plastic tube about 5cm; And on the plastics mouth of pipe, stick adhesive tape, in case rainwater flows into, when plastic tube is installed the photosurface of photo resistance to heavenwards; Couple together with a two-core cable bundle of lines water level detecting electrode and controller again, notice that joint application silica gel or the PUR between cable and resistance R 1 and each the water level detecting electrode done water-proofing treatment, insert electrode A in the water at last; Electrode B and electrode C are unsettled, and this moment, D10 was not luminous, pressed the plastics mouth of pipe of adorning photo resistance with friction tape again; And then unclamping friction tape, D10 should be able to be luminous, then inserts electrode B in the water; D10 should be able to continue luminous; Insert electrode C in the water, D10 extinguishes again, and entire circuit debugging so far finishes.If occur unusual in the debug process.Whether whether the quality of the components and parts of answering the printed circuit board (PCB) of emphasis inspection design whether correct, selecting for use have problem, solder joint reliable etc., as long as scrutiny, generic failure all can be got rid of smoothly.Connect solid-state relay and water pump at last, and at the Q1 two ends and connect one withstand voltage for the 630V capacity is the electric capacity of the dacron C8 of 0.1 μ F, just can come into operation.

Solar energy soilless culture system with light-control water level controller of the present invention, adopting collecting unit 10 is electric energy with conversion of solar energy, for irrigating unit and lighting unit provide electric energy; Also adopted the power supply of 20 pairs of irrigating units of light-control water level controller to control: when water level is lower than low water level detection line, control circuit output high level, relay adhesive; Start irrigating unit and supply water, when water level was between high water level detection line and the mid water levels detection line, control circuit kept original state; Relay is in attracting state; Irrigating unit keeps duty, when water level is higher than high water level detection line, and the control circuit output low level; Relay breaks off; Irrigating unit quits work, make like this water levels in the container 70 remain at low water level survey line height or more than, be not higher than the height that high water level is surveyed line simultaneously.Therefore, the soilless culture system with light-control water level controller of the present invention, simple in structure, dependable performance can the conservation of power resource.

The above is merely preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not to be used for limiting practical range of the present invention; If do not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention is made amendment or is equal to replacement, all should be encompassed in the middle of the protection domain of claim of the present invention.

Claims

1. solar energy soilless culture system with light-control water level controller, comprising conversion of solar energy is the collecting unit of electric energy, the charhing unit that is electrically connected with said collecting unit; The irrigating unit and the lighting unit that are electrically connected with said charhing unit; And support and container, said collecting unit is arranged on the top of said support, and said container is arranged on the below of said support; Said lighting unit is arranged on the top of container; It is characterized in that said solar energy soilless culture system also comprises the light-control water level controller, said light-control water level controller comprises:

2. solar energy soilless culture according to claim 1 system is characterized in that said power circuit comprises transformer, the current rectifying and wave filtering circuit that is connected with said transformer secondary coiling group.

3. solar energy soilless culture according to claim 2 system is characterized in that, said mid water levels is surveyed line and is connected with the output of said transformer through first resistance, and said high water level detection line directly is connected with the output of said transformer.

4. solar energy soilless culture according to claim 3 system; It is characterized in that; Said water-level control circuit comprises that said low water level surveys second resistance and first diode of connecting between line and the earth point; Survey second diode that line is connected with said low water level; With first capacitor, the 6th resistance parallelly connected between said second diode and the earth point, first Schmidt trigger circuit of connecting with said second diode, the first and second CMOS integrated circuits that are connected with said first Schmidt trigger circuit simultaneously; The said first and second COMS integrated circuits are connected with relay.

5. solar energy soilless culture according to claim 4 system; It is characterized in that; Said light-operated circuit comprises: by the light testing circuit of photo resistance and the series connection of the 3rd resistance, second electric capacity parallelly connected with said the 3rd resistance, second Schmidt trigger circuit that links to each other with said light testing circuit; The 5th diode of connecting successively with said second Schmidt trigger circuit and the parallel circuit of being made up of the 4th electric capacity and the tenth resistance, said parallel circuit links to each other with said first Schmidt circuit.

6. solar energy soilless culture according to claim 1 system is characterized in that, said power circuit also comprises whether first light emitting diode of operate as normal of indication power supply;

7. solar energy soilless culture according to claim 1 system is characterized in that, said relay parallel connection the 8th electric capacity.