CN102768294A - Multi-section approximate volt-ampere characteristic simulation device of solar cells - Google Patents
Multi-section approximate volt-ampere characteristic simulation device of solar cells Download PDFInfo
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- CN102768294A CN102768294A CN2012102840866A CN201210284086A CN102768294A CN 102768294 A CN102768294 A CN 102768294A CN 2012102840866 A CN2012102840866 A CN 2012102840866A CN 201210284086 A CN201210284086 A CN 201210284086A CN 102768294 A CN102768294 A CN 102768294A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a multi-section approximate volt-ampere characteristic simulation device of solar cells. The simulation device meets the requirements for a volt-ampere characteristic simulator under different circumferences and comprises a programmable power supply unit, a discharging loop control unit and a reference voltage setting unit. The programmable power supply unit can set the output voltage and supply enough current output capability; the discharging loop control unit can achieve a subsection curve simulation function; and the reference voltage setting unit can adjust the maximum output current value. The volt-ampere characteristic of the solar cells or assemblies can be simulated by controlling an internal resistance of a power source; the simulation can be performed in at least two section mode, wherein at least one section is performed by changing the internal resistance of the power source according to the output current; and various different volt-ampere characteristic curves can be simulated through different parameter combination. The multi-section approximate volt-ampere characteristic simulation device is a multi-section adjustable solar cell array volt-ampere characteristic simulator which is low in cost and capable of fast responding.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to a kind of photovoltaic field tests, be used for the equipment of solar cell volt-ampere characteristic simulation.
Background technology:
The present invention is a kind of solar cell volt-ampere characteristic analog machine, at first is necessary the concrete implication of clear and definite solar cell VA characteristic curve.Fig. 1 is a typical solar cell VA characteristic curve, and the implication of each parameter is among this figure:
Isc: the output current during the solar cell short circuit
Voc: the output voltage during the solar cell open circuit
Pmax: solar cell peak power output
VA characteristic curve: under the same situation of illumination condition, the output of solar cell is along with the situation of load changes, the different loads of plugging into; Just have different output voltage and output current; When definite ohmic load of plugging into, solar cell is just exported definite voltage and the electric current of confirming, this electric current and voltage of confirming is corresponding definite point on the V-I coordinate; Change the resistance of ohmic load; Solar cell will be exported other one group of voltage and current of confirming, and another one point on the corresponding V-I coordinate, the curve that a series of like this point is described out are exactly the output VA characteristic curve of solar cell.When plugging into current loading certain, the voltage that solar cell provides is exactly the magnitude of voltage of corresponding that of respective electrical flow valuve on the VA characteristic curve.Equally, if photovoltaic cell external be the load of a constant voltage character, the electric current of solar cell output also is certain, the working point also meets above-mentioned curve, this is the inherent characteristic of solar cell.Isc, Voc and Pmax are three key points on the volt-ampere characteristic.VA characteristic curve is approximate straight-line segment (near level) that slope is less near the Isc point, and near the line segment that an approximate slope is very big the Voc point (near vertical) is a slope over 10 continually varying arcuate line segment near the Pmax point.
Use solar cell to do the power device or the inverter of power supply; Its front end generally all is designed with special circuit (this paper abbreviation matching circuit) for the volt-ampere characteristic that adapts to solar cell; Have plenty of in order to realize MPPT maximum power point tracking, to obtain the most effectively energy conversion; To have plenty of the power of carrying to the back-end in order regulating, with the energy requirement of coupling rear end, will unnecessary energy to be released in the hope of safety sometimes, such regulating circuit often is operated in the on off state of certain frequency.Can above-mentioned match circuit operate as normal, also needs checking.If the solar cell by reality is verified, then because weather and daylight have limited use occasion and time, so proposed solar cell simulator demand.
One type of equipment of testing to solar cell is arranged; Be used to detect the volt-ampere characteristic (this paper is called for short the volt-ampere characteristic testing apparatus) of solar cell; Reach the correct detection to solar cell, at first the function of this type volt-ampere characteristic testing apparatus and performance index should be normal.So, in exploitation, the production of volt-ampere characteristic testing apparatus with when safeguarding, often need the volt-ampere characteristic testing apparatus be linked to each other with the solar cell simulator and detect to carry out functional verification or index.In addition; In order to reduce the dissipated power of volt-ampere characteristic testing apparatus; The volt-ampere characteristic testing apparatus that possesses high-power solar cell power of test; With pulse mode work, verify the function of this type volt-ampere characteristic testing apparatus sometimes, need the solar cell simulator can adapt to pulse working mode.
Existing solar cell simulator divides two big types, and the first kind is a sunshine simulation+solar cell, and second type is the power supply class, and all there is significant disadvantages in this two analoglikes device:
The first kind, system complex, cost is high, especially need simulate the occasion of high power battery assembly, invest greatlyyer, safeguards more difficult.
Second type; Power supply class solar cell simulator divides two kinds, and first kind is constant voltage, constant current, the constant power output characteristic by general programmable power supply, accomplishes the control to power supply output services point through computer interface and general switching software; Its output voltage and current value are dropped on the sun power VA characteristic curve that needs simulation; The shortcoming of this simulator is system complex, cost height; COMPUTER DETECTION needs a time cycle could the working point be adjusted on the curve behind the deflection curve of working point; This time cycle clashes with the operating characteristic of above-mentioned match circuit sometimes, can not realize the simulation of volt-ampere characteristic well, especially can not satisfy the sort of equipment that is operated in switching mode or pulse mode.Second kind is special-purpose programmable power supply, equally all is program control; But it is to adjust the output services point of power supply by programmable digital device fast in real time at output terminal, and it is operated on the family curve that needs simulation, has exempted the CPU processing time, go up next bit computer communication time and general switching software computing time; This power source special has reduced the adjustment time cycle significantly, but programmable digital device, AD conversion, DA conversion also need the response time, so; It has just expanded the scope of application, does not have material alterations, and the shortcoming that has again is exactly a system complex; Cost is high, and power is not easy to do greatly.
Summary of the invention:
Order of the present invention is exactly in order to overcome traditional analog device system complex; Cost is high; The power shortcoming big, difficult in maintenance that is not easy to do; Utilize the output characteristics of constant voltage source, the variable-resistor network of connecting is realized the approximate solar cell volt-ampere characteristic simulator of a kind of multistage that responds fast cheaply.
For realizing the object of the invention, following technical solution has been proposed:
A kind of multistage is similar to solar cell volt-ampere characteristic analogue means, by programmable power supply unit, discharge loop control module and reference voltage the unit is set and forms;
The programmable power supply unit can be provided with output voltage and give the discharge loop control module;
Reference voltage is provided with the unit can adjust the maximum output current value to the discharge loop control module;
The discharge loop control module is accepted the output voltage of programmable power supply or is accepted the different VA characteristic curve of electric current output that reference voltage is provided with the unit and give the volt-ampere characteristic testing apparatus;
Wherein the discharge loop control module is divided into two sections at least and simulates, and wherein has at least one section to be the size that changes the internal resistance of source according to the size of output current.
Fig. 2 is the VA characteristic curve of an exemplary voltages power supply, and internal resistance is R, has following characteristic:
The volt-ampere characteristic of voltage source is a straight line
As above-mentioned power supply short circuit (R
L=0) time, output current is maximum, Isc=E/R
(R when foregoing circuit is opened a way
L=∞) time, output voltage is maximum, Voc=E
Internal resistance R:
R=△V/△I=?Voc?/?Isc=?1/（Isc?/?Voc），
Wherein denominator (Isc/Voc) is the slope of Fig. 2 straight line, the slope that the resistance R of different resistances is corresponding different, a constant pressure source, the resistance of the different resistances of connecting can form the VA characteristic curve of Different Slope.
We resolve into several line segments according to big young pathbreaker's solar cell VA characteristic curve of output current, and are as shown in Figure 3, I
1, I
2Article two, horizontal line is with the VA characteristic curve trisect:
I<i
1, maximum slope section, near linear;
I
1≤I≤I
2, middle camber line district, variable slope section;
I>=I
2, approximate constant current district, minimum slope section, near linear.
Can simulate above-mentioned three line segments by the basic circuit model approximation of Fig. 4, E is a constant voltage source, and R is a variable-resistor network that receives Current Control, when load current less than I
1The time, resistor network shows as a fixed resistance that resistance is less, the 1st section of corresponding family curve, and R=△ V/ △ I, slope is maximum, this interval, load current is not participated in control; When load current greater than I
1, less than I
2The time, device shows as the variable resistor that receives Current Control, and electric current is big more, and resistance is big more, and slope is more little, and resistance changes to R2 from R1; When load current greater than I
2The time, electric current is suppressed the control of resistance value, and this is because the increase of internal resistance of source resistance value can suppress the increase of output current, and during two aspect factor balances, device shows as approximate constant-current characteristics, and is as shown in Figure 5.Wherein the design of variable-resistor network is specifically seen shown in Figure 6.
Advantage of the present invention:
The present invention compared with prior art, its remarkable advantage is: can utilize in the patent device to realize the adjustable quick response solar cell array volt-ampere characteristic simulator of low-cost multistage.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is typical solar cell VA characteristic curve;
Fig. 2 is the VA characteristic curve of typical power supply;
Fig. 3 is a VA characteristic curve segmentation synoptic diagram;
Fig. 4 is the basic circuit model;
Fig. 5 is the approximate VA characteristic curve synoptic diagram of multistage;
Fig. 6 is a charge/discharge control circuit schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is that the present invention forms structured flowchart.
Embodiment:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the best example of implementing of the present invention is described in further detail:
The present invention provides a kind of multistage to be similar to solar cell volt-ampere characteristic analogue means.Fig. 1 is typical solar cell VA characteristic curve.Fig. 2 is the VA characteristic curve of typical power supply.Fig. 3 is a VA characteristic curve segmentation synoptic diagram.Fig. 4 is the basic circuit model.Fig. 5 is the approximate VA characteristic curve synoptic diagram of multistage.Fig. 6 is the charge/discharge control circuit schematic diagram.Fig. 7 is that the present invention forms structured flowchart.
Be with I in maximum voltage 100V, the corresponding diagram 5 in this instance
1Be 10A, I
2Carry out circuit parameter design near 18A, circuit theory is constant, can reach other current/voltage scopes through the circuit parameter adjustment.As shown in Figure 6, X1 and X2 are used to be connected the input end of Testing Instrument for Volt-ampere Characteristic, are equivalent in circuit, insert a variable load, and load is from can change between the approach infinity to 0 continuously.R1, R2, R3, R6 adopt high power varying resistance in the circuit, are used to adjust the discharge curve of simulator.V1 adopts withstand voltage to surpass the high-power MOS tube of 200V, and V2 adopts the clamp diode about 15V, and N1 is an amplifier.
R3 is a current sampling resistor, when load current less than 10A, sampling voltage does not reach to be set before the electric current; N1 exports high level, since the existence of R5, the V1 saturation conduction; This circuit externally characteristic of performance is exactly fixed resistance R1 of a constant pressure source series connection, the 1st section of family curve corresponding diagram five.After load current was greater than current setting value 10A, the N1 output voltage is step-down gradually, and V1 begins to withdraw from saturated; It is big that conducting resistance becomes, and load current is big more, and the V1 conducting resistance is big more; This moment device externally performance be variable resistor of a constant pressure source series connection, the 2nd section of characteristic corresponding diagram 5.Suppose certain constantly, load current has the change megatrend, and the V1 conducting resistance is increased, and can cause the reduction of device output voltage conversely, and the continuation that suppresses load current increases (load is constant), and (load current is greater than I when increase tendency and inhibiting effect balance
2), device shows as approximate constant-current characteristics.The dynamic characteristic of a desirable constant current source is the straight line of a level.Output current equals constant current value and adds the electric current that flows through R6, and externally the characteristic of performance is the 3rd section of the slope straight line corresponding diagram 5 that equals 1/R6.When the R1 resistance among the change figure, can change first section slope, when changing current setting value Is, can change second section reference position, when changing the gain of the amplifying circuit that N1 formed, can change second section curvature and constant current value I
2When changing the resistance of R6, can change the 3rd section slope.Through the various combination of above-mentioned parameter, can simulate the VA characteristic curve of different shape; When realizing the above-mentioned parameter combination, can satisfy different Isc, Voc and Pmax according to making program control simulator with programmed control method.The structured flowchart of simulator is as shown in Figure 7, mainly comprises programmable power supply unit, discharge loop control module and reference voltage the unit is set.Wherein the programmable power supply unit can be provided with output voltage, and enough electric current fan-out capabilities are provided; The discharge loop control module can be realized the sectional curve analog functuion; Reference voltage is provided with the unit can adjust the maximum output current value.
Claims (2)
1. the approximate solar cell volt-ampere characteristic analogue means of multistage is characterized in that: by programmable power supply unit, discharge loop control module and reference voltage the unit is set and forms;
The programmable power supply unit can be provided with output voltage and give the discharge loop control module;
Reference voltage is provided with the unit can adjust the maximum output current value to the discharge loop control module;
The discharge loop control module is accepted the output voltage of programmable power supply or is accepted the different VA characteristic curve of electric current output that reference voltage is provided with the unit and give the volt-ampere characteristic testing apparatus.
2. a kind of multistage according to claim 1 is similar to solar cell volt-ampere characteristic analogue means; It is characterized in that: the discharge loop control module is divided into two sections at least simulates, and wherein has at least one section to be the size that changes the internal resistance of source according to the size of output current.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102928249A (en) * | 2012-11-26 | 2013-02-13 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | System and method for simulating output of solar cell array based on programmable power supply |
| CN103427687A (en) * | 2013-08-21 | 2013-12-04 | 西安龙腾新能源科技发展有限公司 | Method for tracking maximum power point of photovoltaic inverter when constant-voltage source inputs voltages |
| TWI564689B (en) * | 2015-11-18 | 2017-01-01 | 致茂電子股份有限公司 | Power supply for simulating solar cell and method thereof |
| CN106533359A (en) * | 2016-09-21 | 2017-03-22 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十研究所 | Photovoltaic assembly outdoor testing device and method of programmable compensation design |
| CN108649894A (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2018-10-12 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十研究所 | A kind of VA characteristic curve mimicry test scan method |
| CN111308238A (en) * | 2020-02-07 | 2020-06-19 | 中电科信息产业有限公司 | Battery simulator and system of electric bicycle and charger detection method |
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| CN202041616U (en) * | 2011-02-24 | 2011-11-16 | 珠海市洁源电器有限公司 | Simplified solar battery simulator |
| CN102361415A (en) * | 2011-05-12 | 2012-02-22 | 嘉应学院 | Power device for simulating volt-ampere characteristics of photovoltaic battery |
| CN102598295A (en) * | 2009-07-22 | 2012-07-18 | 美国迅力光能公司 | Solar simulator for flexible solar modules |
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2012
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102598295A (en) * | 2009-07-22 | 2012-07-18 | 美国迅力光能公司 | Solar simulator for flexible solar modules |
| CN202041616U (en) * | 2011-02-24 | 2011-11-16 | 珠海市洁源电器有限公司 | Simplified solar battery simulator |
| CN102361415A (en) * | 2011-05-12 | 2012-02-22 | 嘉应学院 | Power device for simulating volt-ampere characteristics of photovoltaic battery |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102928249A (en) * | 2012-11-26 | 2013-02-13 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | System and method for simulating output of solar cell array based on programmable power supply |
| CN102928249B (en) * | 2012-11-26 | 2015-01-21 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | System and method for simulating output of solar cell array based on programmable power supply |
| CN103427687A (en) * | 2013-08-21 | 2013-12-04 | 西安龙腾新能源科技发展有限公司 | Method for tracking maximum power point of photovoltaic inverter when constant-voltage source inputs voltages |
| CN103427687B (en) * | 2013-08-21 | 2015-08-19 | 西安龙腾新能源科技发展有限公司 | The maximum power tracking method of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter when constant pressure source inputs |
| TWI564689B (en) * | 2015-11-18 | 2017-01-01 | 致茂電子股份有限公司 | Power supply for simulating solar cell and method thereof |
| CN106533359A (en) * | 2016-09-21 | 2017-03-22 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十研究所 | Photovoltaic assembly outdoor testing device and method of programmable compensation design |
| CN108649894A (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2018-10-12 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十研究所 | A kind of VA characteristic curve mimicry test scan method |
| CN111308238A (en) * | 2020-02-07 | 2020-06-19 | 中电科信息产业有限公司 | Battery simulator and system of electric bicycle and charger detection method |
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Application publication date: 20121107 |