CN102767711B - LED tube and LED bulb - Google Patents
LED tube and LED bulb Download PDFInfo
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- CN102767711B CN102767711B CN201210210400.6A CN201210210400A CN102767711B CN 102767711 B CN102767711 B CN 102767711B CN 201210210400 A CN201210210400 A CN 201210210400A CN 102767711 B CN102767711 B CN 102767711B
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- led
- lamp cylinder
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004020 luminiscence type Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The invention relates to an LED tube and an LED bulb. The LED tube comprises a lamp barrel and at least two LED components. The lamp barrel can diffuse light, and the LED components are arranged on the inner wall of the lamp barrel through radiating structures. Lighting surfaces of the LED components face the central axis of the lamp barrel, and reflecting surfaces for reflecting light of the LED components are arranged on the radiating structures. The LED components fixed on the inner wall of the lamp barrel through the radiating structures can independently radiate and is good in radiating capacity. The reflecting surfaces on the radiating structures allow the LED tube to emit light for 360 DEG, an LED point light source is avoided, and accordingly light emitting of the whole lamp is uniform, dizziness is prevented, and a light emitting angle is increased while light loss is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to lighting field, more particularly, relate to a kind of LED lamp tube and LED bulb.
Background technology
Along with the continuous lifting of LED illumination technology and perfect, the advantages such as the energy saving standard of LED are more and more subject to liking of people and approve.Therefore LED illumination also just comes into huge numbers of families with paces fast.
LED fluorescent lamp tube is a principal light source of room lighting, there is energy-saving environmental protection safety compared with traditional fluorescent lamp pipe without the advantage such as stroboscopic and long-life, but lighting angle is relatively little, light is stronger, more dazzling, therefore the quality of LED (tool) size and light uniformity that bubble out angular becomes the two large principal elements affecting LED lamp tube and replace traditional fluorescent tube.
Traditional LED lamp bubble LED light source is arranged on ball cover inside, and it is inner that thermal column has been arranged on totally enclosed lampshade, therefore effective not to the cooling of LED, because the LED worked under high temperature is relative inefficiencies, thus causes this bulb to have relatively low efficiency.Further, the LED light source heat of conventional bulb must be passed to radiation shell by thermal column and be transferred to bulb outside again, part thermal column and radiation shell have the structure of relative complex, also have by using the filler such as liquid to offset the adverse effect of radiation shell in heat transfer, but relative cost and produce more complicated.
The patent No. be 200920057778.0 Chinese patent disclose a kind of implementation of LED energy-saving high-light lamp tube of 360 degree of bright dippings, but the thermal source of all LED is all gathered on polygon pipe in this kind of mode, heat not easily sheds, affect the luminous flux of whole lamp, simultaneously because needs are fixed on polygon pipe by organizing LED lamp bar more, the LED lamp bar that easy damage has installed in the LED lamp bar process that assembling is new, and be positioned at fluorescent tube center due to polygon pipe, be subject to the restriction of fluorescent tube size, be easy to see LED point light source, bright dipping is uneven.
The patent No. be 200920056813.7 Chinese patent disclose a kind of LED double-sided lamp-box private lighting tube, being provided with LED light emitting diode by wiring board two sides makes nearly 360 ° of scopes around lamp body be irradiated to, but the lighting angle of LED self relatively little (generally at 120 degree) in prior art, the both sides light of light source board can very weak, and the heat shed between upper and lower surface LED all can influence each other, occur that heat liquidates, radiating effect is fallen greatly.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, for the above-mentioned defect of prior art, provides a kind of LED lamp tube and LED bulb.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: construct a kind of LED lamp tube, comprise the lamp cylinder that can spread light, at least two LED component be evenly arranged on by radiator structure on described lamp cylinder internal face, the light-emitting area of described LED component is towards the axis of described lamp cylinder, and described radiator structure is provided with the reflecting surface for reflecting the light that described LED component sends.
LED lamp tube of the present invention, wherein, the described radiator structure length direction comprised along described lamp cylinder is slidably disposed on the heat sink strip on described lamp cylinder inwall, and described heat sink strip is fixedly installed described LED component towards the surface at described Deng Tong center.
LED lamp tube of the present invention, wherein, on the inwall of described lamp cylinder, the position corresponding with heat sink strip described in each be all convexly equipped with sliver, described heat sink strip is provided with the guide groove with described sliver male-female engagement, described heat sink strip by described guide groove and sliver coordinate be slidably arranged in described lamp cylinder inwall on.
LED lamp tube of the present invention, wherein, the cross section of described heat sink strip is in fan ring-type, and the internal face of its end face and described lamp cylinder is fitted, bottom surface is arranged with the stationary plane for installing described LED component, and both sides are respectively equipped with the described reflecting surface for reflecting the light that described LED component sends.
LED lamp tube of the present invention, wherein, this LED lamp tube also comprises the hollow reflecting pole be arranged in described lamp cylinder, and described reflecting pole comprises the reflecting pole by the direct injection molded of high reflecting material, or its outer surface covers the reflecting pole of high reflecting material.
LED lamp tube of the present invention, wherein, is provided with driving power in described reflecting pole, and described LED component and described driving power are electrically connected.
LED lamp tube of the present invention, wherein, the two ends of described lamp cylinder are equipped with blanking cover, and described blanking cover is provided with towards the surface of described lamp cylinder inside the snap fit tabs matched with the inner surface configuration of described reflecting pole.
LED lamp tube of the present invention, wherein, the outer circumference surface of described reflecting pole is also evenly equipped with support bar, described support bar is convexly equipped in the outer circumference surface of described reflecting pole, and the contacted inner surfaces of described support bar and described lamp cylinder connects.
Another technical scheme that the present invention solves the employing of its technical problem is: construct a kind of LED bulb, comprise lamp socket, be vertically arranged on the LED component on described lamp socket by radiator structure and be located at lamp cylinder on described lamp socket, that can spread light, the light-emitting area of described LED component is towards the axis of described lamp cylinder, and described radiator structure is provided with the reflecting surface for reflecting the light that described LED component sends.
LED bulb of the present invention, wherein, described radiator structure comprises heat sink strip, described heat sink strip is provided with the stationary plane for fixing described LED component towards the side at described Deng Tong center, opposite side on the other side offers heat radiation groove, and its side being positioned at described lamp socket circumferential direction is provided with described reflecting surface.
LED bulb of the present invention, wherein, the periphery of described lamp socket end face is evenly equipped with described LED component, described lamp cylinder offers the bar v notch v for holding described LED component, the bottom margin of described lamp cylinder and described lamp socket clamping.
LED bulb of the present invention, wherein, the bottom margin of described lamp cylinder is provided with backward L-shaped and hooks, and described lamp socket end face is provided with and hooks with described backward L-shaped the inverted L-shaped coordinated and hook, and what described lamp cylinder was hooked with described inverted L-shaped by described backward L-shaped hook coordinates and described lamp socket clamping.
Implement LED lamp tube of the present invention and LED bulb, there is following beneficial effect: LED lamp tube can be made to realize 360 degree of bright dippings by the light diffusion function of the reflecting surface on radiator structure and lamp cylinder, avoid the appearance of LED point light source, make whole lamp uniform in light emission, and prevent from dazzling the eyes, while increase rising angle, decrease fiber-loss, improve the brightness of fluorescent tube.
On the other hand, the LED component that radiator structure is fixed on tube inner wall face can realize independent heat radiation, and reflecting pole also has heat sinking function, significantly increases area of dissipation, improves light fixture heat-sinking capability.Directly contact with air for LED bulb heat sink strip, make LED light source heat directly can be transferred to bulb outside by heat sink strip, lampshade space increases simultaneously, area of dissipation is caused to increase, solve because ball cover is closed in prior art, heat multilayer transmission, the problem that heat transfer efficiency is low.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described, in accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of LED lamp tube first of the present invention embodiment;
Fig. 2 is the installation diagram of LED component and radiator structure in a kind of LED lamp tube first of the present invention embodiment;
Fig. 3 is the section of LED component and radiator structure in a kind of LED lamp tube first of the present invention embodiment;
Fig. 4 is the profile of a kind of LED lamp tube first of the present invention embodiment;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of a kind of LED lamp tube second of the present invention embodiment;
Fig. 6 is the profile of a kind of LED lamp tube second of the present invention embodiment;
Fig. 7 is the index path of a kind of LED lamp tube first of the present invention embodiment;
Fig. 8 is the index path of a kind of LED lamp tube second of the present invention embodiment;
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of a kind of LED bulb preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 10 is the structure broken away view of a kind of LED bulb preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 11 is the installation diagram of lamp socket, radiator structure and LED component in a kind of LED bulb preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 12 is the structure broken away view of Figure 11 in a kind of LED bulb preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 13 is the cross sectional view of a kind of LED bulb preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 14 is the longitudinal section profile of a kind of LED bulb preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 15 is the enlarged drawing at A position in a kind of LED bulb preferred embodiment of the present invention Figure 14.
Detailed description of the invention
As shown in Figure 1-2, in the first embodiment of the present invention, this LED lamp tube comprises light-permeable and 100, at least two, the lamp cylinder that can spread light is evenly arranged on the LED component 200 on lamp cylinder 100 internal face by radiator structure, the light-emitting area of this LED component 200 is towards the axis of lamp cylinder 100, and radiator structure is provided with the reflecting surface 301 for reflecting LED component 200 light.LED component 200 is evenly distributed on the internal face of lamp cylinder 100, and at an angle each other, and such as, when there being three LED component 200, three LED component 200 are mutually in 120 degree of angles.Reflecting surface 301 on radiator structure can increase the beam angle of LED component 200, lamp cylinder 100 can carry out light diffusion to light simultaneously, LED lamp tube is made to realize 360 degree of full angle bright dippings, and radiator structure is fixed on the inner surface of lamp cylinder 100, each LED component 200 has a radiator structure, namely each LED component 200 is independent heat radiations, therefore, it is possible to greatly improve the heat-sinking capability of light fixture, thus can realize the brightness of illumination requirement of higher power designs and Geng Gao.
Preferably, above-mentioned radiator structure can adopt the length direction along lamp cylinder 100 to be slidably arranged in heat sink strip 300 on lamp cylinder 100 inwall, and this heat sink strip 300 is fixedly installed above-mentioned LED component 200 towards the surface at Deng Tong 100 center.Heat sink strip 300 is slidably disposed on installation and removal lamp cylinder 100 inwall being conducive to LED component 200, and other LED component 200 can not be affected in unloading process.
Further, as shown in Figure 3-4, on the inwall of lamp cylinder 100, the position corresponding with each heat sink strip 300 be all convexly equipped with sliver 101, heat sink strip 300 is then provided with the guide groove 303 with sliver 101 male-female engagement, heat sink strip 300 formally by guide groove 303 and sliver 101 coordinate be slidably arranged in lamp cylinder 100 inwall on.Heat sink strip 300 can also have multiple with the sliding matching structure of lamp cylinder 100, is not limited to the concrete structure that the present embodiment provides.
As shown in Figure 3, in the present embodiment, the cross section of above-mentioned heat sink strip 300 is in fan ring-type, namely complete fan-shapedly a part has been clipped for one, this shape can be fitted with the internal face of lamp cylinder 100 better, and the stationary plane (not illustrating with label in figure) for installing LED component 200 is being arranged with towards the bottom surface at Deng Tong 100 center, both sides are then respectively equipped with the above-mentioned reflecting surface 301 for reflecting LED component 200 light.LED component 200 is fixed on the stationary plane of heat sink strip 300 by screw.The above-mentioned lamp cylinder 100 that can spread light can adopt the lamp cylinder by photodiffusion material and base material integrated injection molding, also can adopt lamp cylinder madial wall being coated with one deck photodiffusion material.Wherein photodiffusion material can adopt fluorescent material or light spread powder, and base material can be plastics or glass.The light that reflecting surface 301 can send LED light source is totally reflected and diffuse reflection, thus makes light softer, can reduce fiber-loss to greatest extent, promote the brightness of fluorescent tube and the soften of bright dipping while increase angle.
Further, above-mentioned LED component 200 comprises LED circuit board and is arranged on the LED light source in LED circuit board.And the two ends of lamp cylinder 100 are also provided with blanking cover 600, usually also need to add water proof ring at the two ends of blanking cover 600, thus make this LED lamp tube have water-proof function.As shown in Figure 6, as seen from Figure 6, this LED lamp tube achieves 360 degree of luminescences to the index path of this LED lamp tube, and avoids the appearance of LED point light source.
As shown in Figure 5, in the second embodiment of the present invention, each part of this LED lamp tube is identical with a upper embodiment with function, unlike, this LED lamp tube also comprises the hollow reflecting pole 400 be arranged in lamp cylinder 100, and this reflecting pole 400 can by the direct injection mo(u)lding of high reflecting material, also a floor height reflector layer can be covered at its outer surface, draw rational reflecting surface through optical design, reflecting effect can be made to become ideal, promote the effect of 360 degree of luminescences further.The introducing of reflecting pole 400, while reflection ray, the light that LED component 200 can be made to send is softer, prevents light from dazzling the eyes, and the index path of the LED lamp tube in this embodiment as shown in Figure 7.
Because reflecting pole 400 is hollow, therefore driving power 500 can be arranged in reflecting pole 400, make LED component 200 and driving power 500 be electrically connected.Driving power 500 is placed in reflecting pole 400, reasonably make use of space, make the mechanism of LED lamp tube compacter.
Identical with the first embodiment is, the two ends of lamp cylinder 100 are also provided with blanking cover 600, but owing to adding reflecting pole 400 in this embodiment, in order to fixing reflecting pole 400, the surface of blanking cover 600 towards lamp cylinder 100 inside is provided with the snap fit tabs 601 matched with the inner surface configuration of reflecting pole 400.When mounted, the inside snap fit tabs 601 of blanking cover 600 being inserted into reflecting pole 400 can complete fixing reflecting pole 400, can also be reinforced by screw simultaneously.
As shown in Figure 6, the outer circumference surface of above-mentioned reflecting pole 400 is also evenly equipped with support bar 401, and this support bar 401 is convexly equipped in the outer circumference surface of reflecting pole 400, and support bar 401 connects with the contacted inner surfaces of lamp cylinder 100.This support bar 401 can reinforce the bulk strength of LED lamp tube, makes the structure of whole fluorescent tube more stable.In this embodiment, the bright dipping figure of LED lamp tube is as shown in Figure 8, identical with a upper embodiment, and this LED lamp tube can realize 360 degree of luminescences, and there is not LED point light source.
As shown in figs9-12, in the preferred embodiment of a kind of LED bulb of the present invention, this LED bulb is comprised lamp socket 10, is vertically arranged on the LED component 30 on described lamp socket 10 by radiator structure 20 and is located at lamp cylinder 40 on lamp socket 10, that can spread light.The light-emitting area of LED component 30 is towards the axis of lamp cylinder 40, and radiator structure 20 is provided with the reflecting surface 21 for reflecting the light that LED component 30 sends.Identical with upper two embodiments is, LED component 30 still comprises wiring board and fixing multiple LED light sources in the circuit board, lamp cylinder 40 can spread the light that LED light source sends, this lamp cylinder 40 can adopt the lamp cylinder by photodiffusion material and base material integrated injection molding, also can adopt lamp cylinder madial wall being coated with one deck photodiffusion material.Wherein photodiffusion material can adopt fluorescent material or light spread powder, and base material can be plastics or glass.
Reflecting surface 21 on radiator structure 20 can increase the beam angle of LED component 30, lamp cylinder 40 can carry out light diffusion to light simultaneously, LED bulb is made to realize 360 degree of full angle bright dippings, each LED component 30 has a radiator structure 20, namely each LED component 30 is independent heat radiations, therefore, it is possible to greatly improve the heat-sinking capability of light fixture, thus the brightness of illumination requirement of higher power designs and Geng Gao can be realized.
Preferably, as shown in figure 13, above-mentioned radiator structure 20 can adopt heat sink strip, heat sink strip is provided with the stationary plane (not illustrating with label in figure) for fixing described LED component 30 towards the side at Deng Tong 40 center, opposite side on the other side offers heat radiation groove 22, and its side being positioned at lamp socket 10 circumferential direction is provided with reflecting surface 21.The light that reflecting surface 21 can send LED light source is totally reflected and diffuse reflection, thus makes light softer, can reduce fiber-loss to greatest extent, promote the brightness of fluorescent tube and the soften of bright dipping while increase angle.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the periphery of lamp socket 10 end face is evenly equipped with above-mentioned LED component 30, correspondingly, lamp cylinder 40 offers the bar v notch v 41 for holding described LED component 30, the bottom margin of lamp cylinder 40 and lamp socket 10 clamping.Lamp cylinder 40 can have a variety of with the snap fit of lamp socket 10, give one comparatively simple mode in the present invention, as shown in figs. 14-15, the bottom margin of lamp cylinder 40 is provided with backward L-shaped and hooks 42, lamp socket 10 end face is provided with and hooks 42 inverted L-shapeds coordinated with backward L-shaped and hook 11, and lamp cylinder 40 hooks 42 by backward L-shaped and hooks 11 coordinate and lamp socket 10 clamping with inverted L-shaped.This structure is adopted lamp cylinder 40 and lamp socket 10 to be connected together, the efficiency of assembling of bulb can be improved, and when LED component 30 breaks down, also can easily lamp cylinder 40 be pulled down thus LED component 30 be changed, and this replacing can not have influence on other LED component 30.
Above embodiment, only for technical conceive of the present invention and feature are described, its object is to person skilled in the art can be understood content of the present invention and implement accordingly, can not limit the scope of the invention.All equalizations done with the claims in the present invention scope change and modify, and all should belong to the covering scope of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a LED lamp tube, it is characterized in that, comprise the lamp cylinder (100) that can spread light, at least two are evenly arranged on the LED component (200) on described lamp cylinder (100) internal face by radiator structure, the light-emitting area of described LED component (200) is towards the axis of described lamp cylinder (100), the described radiator structure length direction comprised along described lamp cylinder (100) is slidably disposed on the heat sink strip (300) on described lamp cylinder (100) inwall, the cross section of described heat sink strip (300) is in fan ring-type, the internal face of its end face and described lamp cylinder (100) is fitted, bottom surface is arranged with the stationary plane for installing described LED component (200), both sides are respectively equipped with for reflecting light that described LED component (200) sends to increase the reflecting surface (301) of the beam angle of LED component (200), described LED lamp tube also comprises the hollow reflecting pole (400) be arranged in described lamp cylinder (100), described reflecting pole (400) comprises the reflecting pole being coated with high reflecting material by the reflecting pole of the direct injection molded of high reflecting material or its outer surface, be provided with driving power (500) in described reflecting pole (400), described LED component (200) and described driving power (500) are electrically connected.
2. LED lamp tube according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, on the inwall of described lamp cylinder (100), the position corresponding with heat sink strip described in each (300) be all convexly equipped with sliver (101), described heat sink strip (300) is provided with the guide groove (303) with described sliver (101) male-female engagement, described heat sink strip (300) by described guide groove (303) and sliver (101) coordinate be slidably arranged in described lamp cylinder (100) inwall on.
3. LED lamp tube according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the two ends of described lamp cylinder (100) are equipped with blanking cover (600), and described blanking cover (600) is provided with towards the surface that described lamp cylinder (100) is inner the snap fit tabs (601) matched with the inner surface configuration of described reflecting pole (400).
4. LED lamp tube according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the outer circumference surface of described reflecting pole (400) is also evenly equipped with support bar (401), described support bar (401) is convexly equipped in the outer circumference surface of described reflecting pole (400), and described support bar (401) connects with the contacted inner surfaces of described lamp cylinder (100).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210210400.6A CN102767711B (en) | 2012-06-25 | 2012-06-25 | LED tube and LED bulb |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210210400.6A CN102767711B (en) | 2012-06-25 | 2012-06-25 | LED tube and LED bulb |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102767711A CN102767711A (en) | 2012-11-07 |
| CN102767711B true CN102767711B (en) | 2015-05-13 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201210210400.6A Expired - Fee Related CN102767711B (en) | 2012-06-25 | 2012-06-25 | LED tube and LED bulb |
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| CN (1) | CN102767711B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102954387A (en) * | 2012-12-07 | 2013-03-06 | 深圳市优信光科技有限公司 | LED (Light-Emitting Diode) fluorescent lamp |
| CN103867999A (en) * | 2014-02-20 | 2014-06-18 | 宝电电子(张家港)有限公司 | LED (light-emitting diode) lamp and lamp post for same |
| JP6260956B2 (en) * | 2014-03-14 | 2018-01-17 | パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 | Illumination light source and illumination device |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201448638U (en) * | 2009-05-12 | 2010-05-05 | 杨国靖 | LED alternative-type light source fluorescent tube |
| CN101761812A (en) * | 2010-02-10 | 2010-06-30 | 周成凤 | Lamp tube type LED lamp |
| CN201892058U (en) * | 2010-10-14 | 2011-07-06 | 肇庆市立得电子有限公司 | Simple assembled LED (light-emitting diode) lamp tube for improving luminous efficacy |
| CN102374420A (en) * | 2010-08-20 | 2012-03-14 | 旭丽电子(广州)有限公司 | Luminaire |
| CN202756943U (en) * | 2012-06-25 | 2013-02-27 | 深圳市众明半导体照明有限公司 | Light-emitting diode (LED) tube |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7712918B2 (en) * | 2007-12-21 | 2010-05-11 | Altair Engineering , Inc. | Light distribution using a light emitting diode assembly |
| CN201293279Y (en) * | 2008-10-16 | 2009-08-19 | 郑榕彬 | LED illumination lamp |
| EP2827044B1 (en) * | 2010-06-04 | 2017-01-11 | LG Innotek Co., Ltd. | Lighting device |
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2012
- 2012-06-25 CN CN201210210400.6A patent/CN102767711B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201448638U (en) * | 2009-05-12 | 2010-05-05 | 杨国靖 | LED alternative-type light source fluorescent tube |
| CN101761812A (en) * | 2010-02-10 | 2010-06-30 | 周成凤 | Lamp tube type LED lamp |
| CN102374420A (en) * | 2010-08-20 | 2012-03-14 | 旭丽电子(广州)有限公司 | Luminaire |
| CN201892058U (en) * | 2010-10-14 | 2011-07-06 | 肇庆市立得电子有限公司 | Simple assembled LED (light-emitting diode) lamp tube for improving luminous efficacy |
| CN202756943U (en) * | 2012-06-25 | 2013-02-27 | 深圳市众明半导体照明有限公司 | Light-emitting diode (LED) tube |
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| CN102767711A (en) | 2012-11-07 |
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