CN102758164A - Temperature-resistant thermal-spray radar absorbing coating and preparation method of spraying powder thereof - Google Patents
Temperature-resistant thermal-spray radar absorbing coating and preparation method of spraying powder thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a thermal spraying powder material used in a radar absorbing coating, a thermal-spray radar absorbing coating, and a preparation method thereof. The radar absorbing coating comprises an absorbing agent and an inorganic binder used for binding and dispersing the absorbing coating. The inorganic binder is selected from glass, glaze, or an enamel material. The forming process of the coating is a thermal spraying process. According to the invention, glass, glaze, or the enamel material is adopted as the binder; the temperature resistance of the prepared coating is substantially higher than those of traditional absorbing paints, and can be higher than 300 DEG C. The material has good absorbing performance. The coating has excellent mechanical properties, so that surface coating preparation requirements of different types of parts can be satisfied.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the absorption coating technical field.
Background technology
In recent years; Continuous development along with stealthy technique; To high-temperature component in some of fields such as aviation, terrestrial weapon, obvious to the absorption coating increasing demand of heatproof, traditional antiradar coatings adopts absorber material and organic binder composition; Receive binder materials restriction temperature tolerance limited, traditional microwave absorbing coating prepares coating through the mode of brushing or spray usually.Because the use temperature of organic binder is difficult to surpass more than 300 ℃, after long-time use temperature surpassed 150 ℃, problems such as organic carbon, snappiness decline, impact resistance reduction can't solve, and material can't satisfy request for utilization.Simultaneously at some than bad working environments, have relatively high expectations etc. under the condition like air-flow, particle erosion, bonding strength, traditional antiradar coatings application coating is to be difficult to satisfy request for utilization.
Hot-spraying techniques is to utilize hot flame stream, plasma body, electric arc etc. as thermal source; Use silk material, bar, powder, suspension-s as feed; Material passes through fast in high temperature heat source, heats, quickens; Fusion, softening or atomizing back strike on the matrix with certain speed, finally form laminar structured coating.The difference of hot-spraying techniques and paint spraying technology is; Hot-spraying techniques is the high temperature process technology; Can realize exhausted most fusings of part component in the coating or all components, thereby obtain excellent bonding force, hot-spraying techniques also is the effective means of processing high temperature coating.The remarkable advantages of hot-spraying techniques be can obtain to have good mechanical properties, resistant to elevated temperatures coating, and can be directed against different shapes, dissimilar body materials carries out coating prepn outward.
Chinese patent (publication number: CN101585959) disclose a kind of conductive polymer wave-absorbing material.This material is formed by gathering organic binder bonds such as (3,4 dioxoethyl) thiophene (PEDOT) microballoon and epoxy resin or urethane, and wherein the quality percentage composition of the conductive polymer poly in the conductive polymer wave-absorbing material (3,4 dioxoethyl) thiophene microballoon is 20～80%.It is thin that this conductive polymer wave-absorbing material has coating, and the outstanding advantage of grade in light weight has absorbing property preferably on 2～18GHz frequency band, and particularly when the 16GHz frequency, maximum absorption reaches-21dB.Yet; This absorbing material uses traditional organic binder bond; The use temperature of its organic binder bond still is difficult to surpass more than 300 ℃; Particularly at some than bad working environments, have relatively high expectations etc. under the condition like air-flow, particle erosion, bonding strength, the microwave absorbing coating of this scheme still is difficult to satisfy request for utilization.
USP (the patent No.: 5171937) disclose a kind of metal multiple layer shielding material and by the product (Metal-coated shielding materials and articles fabricated therefrom) of its manufacturing; It discloses a kind of novel shielding material that is used for shielding wire or cable fabrication; This metal shield materials comprises the magnetic particle of the multiple layer of metal; The magnetic particle of the multiple layer of this metal is distributed in the polymkeric substance cakingagent, like the fluorocarbon polymer.Can weaken the interference of microwave radar by the shielding wire of this shielding material manufacturing.This technical scheme is to adopt organic binder to make absorbing material equally, and the use temperature that exists organic binder bond equally is difficult to surpass more than 300 ℃, and its microwave absorbing coating is difficult to satisfy the defective that certain use temperature requires.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to propose a kind of heatproof thermospray absorption coating and powder preparation method thereof, with the radar-wave absorbing coating that solves prior art, the defective that the microwave absorbing coating temperature tolerance is low.
Be to realize above-mentioned purpose, the present invention proposes a kind of thermospray absorption coating and uses dusty spray, and it comprises absorption agent and be used to bond and disperse the inorganic binder of absorption agent that said inorganic binder is selected from glass, glaze or enamel material.
Wherein, said absorption agent quality percentage composition is 10～50%.
Wherein, said inorganic binder by specific inductivity between room temperature～use temperature be lower than 5.5, thermal expansivity and be directed against body material and differ less than 20%, invert point is higher than the coating use temperature, density is less than 3g/cm
3, have the glass-like materials of viscosity and high temperature flow leveling.
Wherein, said glass-like materials is selected from phosphate glass, silicate glass, borosilicate glass or other and satisfies the sticker dielectric properties and require, require with absorption agent electromagnetism coupling and the glass-like materials of hot-spraying techniques requirement.
Wherein, said absorption agent is selected from metal, the ceramic absorption agent that temperature tolerance is higher than use temperature.
Wherein, Said absorption agent is magneticmetal or oxide material, electrical loss, dielectric loss, magnetic loss or electromagnetism composite ceramic material; Its electromagnetic property does not have considerable change between room temperature～use temperature, and the Tc of said magneticmetal material or oxide compound is higher than the coating use temperature.
Wherein, said absorption agent is SiC, NiCo alloy, Ni coated Si, SiO
2Coat Co or have the excellent anti high temperature oxidation and metal alloy or stupalith that the high temperature electromagnetic performance is stable.
Wherein, prepare requirement in order to satisfy above-mentioned thermospray absorption coating, the size range of its dusty spray requires to be controlled at 45～98 μ m (flame plating or plasma spraying) or 25～53 μ m (HVAF) according to spraying coating process.
Wherein, median size was less than 3 μ m before the glass cakingagent was reunited in the said spraying composite powder, and the absorption agent median size is less than 20 μ m.
And, for realizing above-mentioned purpose, the present invention proposes the preparation method of above-mentioned thermospray absorption coating with dusty spray, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: glass, glaze or enamel cakingagent and absorption agent are mixed, add organic binder bond, stir, form slurry, make absorption agent homodisperse in the slurry;
Step 2: the slurry of gained in the step 1 is carried out vacuum drying treatment, obtain the lower base substrate of intensity, use melting fragmentation or sintering crushing prepared hot spray powder; Also can use the reunion sintering process to prepare powder, slurry carried out spray drying granulation handle, obtain spherical powder, powder is carried out can be used for thermospray behind drying, the slight sintering.
Wherein, This method also comprises step 3: after step 2 is accomplished; Handle through flame spray gun (protection of inert gas) or plasma gun flame stream,, use hot spray powder to obtain complete, the fine and close absorption coating that coats absorption agent of sticker further to the powder particle densification.
And, for realizing above-mentioned purpose, the present invention proposes the preparation method of above-mentioned absorption coating, through flame plating, HVAF or plasma spraying radar absorbing is sprayed to and form said absorption coating on the matrix.
Wherein, also comprise: first preheating matrix, preheating temperature are controlled in glass, glaze or enamel cakingagent softening temperature ± 100 ℃ scope.
Wherein, Before spraying; Also comprise the preparation of substrate pretreated and metal intermediate layer; Select electric arc spraying Ni-Al composite filament or HVAF Ni base alloy on matrix, to prepare intermediate layer in advance, or select alloy middle layer with self-adhesive characteristic according to the characteristics of body material, the middle transition layer thickness is at 30～60 μ m.
Wherein, the thickness of gained absorption coating is at 0.8～1.2mm.
Wherein, can select differing materials to prepare the MULTILAYER COMPOSITE microwave absorbing coating, like electrical loss functional layer and magnetic loss functional layer compound coating etc. according to the characteristics of hot-spraying techniques.
Effect of the present invention is:
1, the present invention utilizes glass, glaze or enamel material as cakingagent, and the temperature tolerance of prepared coating is far above traditional antiradar coatings application coating, and its temperature tolerance can be higher than 300 ℃.
2, preparation technology of the present invention is simple, and the superior of coating can satisfy the requirement of dissimilar parts surface coating prepn.
3, the present invention can utilize the ripe absorption agent in traditional antiradar coatings; Utilize exploitation novel, have the binder materials of good fit with absorption agent; Prepare absorption agent and be dispersed in the hot spray powder in the cakingagent; Thereby absorption agent can homodisperse in the assurance coating, has good absorbing property.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is case study on implementation 1 floating coat reflectivity (room temperature～400 ℃) test result figure;
Fig. 2 is embodiment 1 floating coat microstructure figure, and wherein black particle is an absorption agent, and the grey matrix is a cakingagent;
Fig. 3 can obviously tell absorbent grains homodisperse in inorganic binder for Fig. 2 regional area amplifies pattern;
Fig. 4 is case study on implementation 2 floating coat reflectance tests figure as a result;
Fig. 5 is the coating microstructure figure among the embodiment 2.
Embodiment
The present invention be directed to traditional coating and can not satisfy the more requirement of bad working environments (heat resistance, mechanical property etc.), propose preparation technology's method that a kind of temperature tolerance is higher than 300 ℃ thermospray absorption coating.The present invention carries out absorber material and inorganic non-metallic glass-like materials compound; Wherein require absorption agent have certain oxidation-resistance property, glass cakingagent have high wave penetrate capability, with good chemical compatibility, the electromagnetism matched performance of absorber material, cakingagent and good physics, the chemical compatibility of body material simultaneously.The present invention is different according to selected material system; Can select methods such as sintering crushing, melting fragmentation, reunion sintering to accomplish the preparation of thermospray absorption coating powdered material; Finally prepare the thermospray absorption coating that use temperature is higher than 300 ℃ through thermospray modes such as flame plating, HVAF, plasma flame sprayings; This coating has and the similar absorbing property of coating under low absorbent contents condition, has higher use temperature, bonding strength, scour resistance simultaneously.
Absorption coating proposed by the invention comprises absorption agent and is used to bond and disperses the inorganic binder of absorption agent that wherein, said inorganic binder is selected from glass, glaze or enamel material.Preferably, said absorption agent quality percentage composition is 10～50%.
Wherein, preferably, said inorganic binder by specific inductivity between room temperature～use temperature be lower than 5.5, thermal expansivity and be directed against body material and differ less than 20%, invert point is higher than use temperature, density is less than 3g/cm
3, have the glass-like materials of viscosity and high temperature flow leveling.More preferably, said glass-like materials is selected from phosphate glass, silicate glass or borosilicate glass system.And the median size of said inorganic binder is preferably less than 3 μ m.
Wherein, said absorption agent is selected from metal, the ceramic absorption agent that temperature tolerance is higher than the coating use temperature.Preferably; Said absorption agent is electrical loss, dielectric loss, magnetic loss or electromagnetism composite radar wave absorbing absorber material; Its electromagnetic property is stablized between room temperature～use temperature and is not had considerable change, and the Tc of said magnetic loss metallic substance is higher than use temperature.More preferably, said absorption agent is SiC, NiCo alloy or Ni coated Si, SiO
2Coat NiCo.
And the size range of absorbing material of the present invention can require to be controlled at 45～98 μ m or 25～53 μ m according to spraying coating process.
Further, above-mentioned absorption coating of the present invention may further comprise the steps with the preparation method of dusty spray:
Step 1: glass, glaze or enamel cakingagent and absorption agent are mixed, add organic binder bond, stir, form slurry, make absorption agent homodisperse in the slurry;
Step 2: the slurry of gained in the step 1 is carried out vacuum drying treatment, obtain the lower base substrate of intensity, use melting fragmentation or sintering crushing prepared hot spray powder; Also can use the reunion sintering process to prepare powder, slurry carried out spray drying granulation handle, obtain spherical powder, powder is carried out can be used for thermospray behind drying, the slight sintering.
Preferably; Also can comprise step 3: after above-mentioned steps 2 is accomplished; Powder is handled through flame spray gun or plasma gun flame stream; Make the glass binder materials form the fusion skeleton structure, simultaneously further to the powder particle densification, to obtain complete, the fine and close radar absorbing that coats absorption agent of glass cakingagent.
Particularly; The technology that the present invention prepares the thermospray radar absorbing is: cakingagent is selected from that specific inductivity between room temperature～use temperature (ε) is lower than 5.5 in the microwave absorbing coating, thermal expansivity and the body material that is directed against differ less than 20%; Invert point is higher than use temperature, and density is less than 3g/cm
3, have the glass-like materials of certain viscosity and high temperature flow leveling; Absorber material is selected from magnetic metallic powder, electrical loss, dielectric loss ceramic powder, and its electromagnetic property does not have considerable change between room temperature～use temperature; If the magneticmetal material requires its Tc to be higher than use temperature; Simultaneously according to the principle of radar absorbing, the cakingagent of selecting for use and absorption agent have good suitability.Above-mentioned binder materials is mixed with absorber material; According to properties of materials; Can use sintering crushing, melting fragmentation or reunion sintering process to prepare heatproof microwave absorbing coating hot spray powder, the size range of hot spraying powder powder material can require to be controlled at 45～98 μ m or 25～53 μ m according to spraying coating process.
Wherein, Absorber material can be electrical loss type material, dielectric loss type material, magnetic loss type material or electromagnetism composite shape matl among the present invention; Wherein, can use means such as coating, surface-treated, but make absorption agent have sprayability for some wave-absorbing coating material that is difficult to spray; Coat ceramic shell outward like easy oxidation metal, avoid its oxidation and improve its temperature tolerance.
Wherein, in cakingagent-absorbent system, prepare in the process reply absorption agent degree of scatter at hot spray powder and control; In powder or slurry whipping process; Make absorption agent and cakingagent uniform mixing, can add a certain amount of organic binder bond, like Z 150PH etc. in this stage; Increase viscosity and particles dispersed effect; Thereby guarantee the uniform distribution of absorption agent in cakingagent, and then be that this uniform distribution structure can remain in the middle of the coating, to improve the absorbing property and the bonding force of coating.
More specifically, be binder materials with low melting glass, glaze, enamel among the present invention, like silicate glass, borosilicate glass etc. that binder materials is fully broken in ball mill or high speed disintegrator, until the powder mean particle size less than 3 μ m; With a certain amount of absorber material, like SiC, NiCo alloy etc., or modification post-absorption agent material, like Ni coated Si, SiO
2It is even to coat NiCo etc. and binder materials thorough mixing, adds the organic binder bond of dilution, like Z 150PH (PVA), polyoxyethylene glycol (PEG), polymine (PEI) etc., stirs, and makes absorption agent homodisperse in the slurry of formation.Use spray drying granulation equipment with the slurry drying that forms; The final spherical powder particle that obtains in 25～98 micrometer ranges; After 200～700 ℃ of sintering-processing of coming unstuck; Handle through flame spray gun or plasma gun flame stream,, finally obtain complete, the fine and close hot spray powder that coats absorption agent of glass binder further to the spherical powder densification.Under the prerequisite that does not change absorber material physical chemistry essence, characteristic; Also can use sintering crushing method, melting crush method to prepare the thermospray absorbing material; In vacuum drying oven, the slurry drying that is obtained is become base substrate; In common High Temperature Furnaces Heating Apparatus, gas-protecting sintering stove or vacuum sintering furnace,, the block that has certain density, intensity after sintering or the fusion is carried out fragmentation, pulverization process, the final powdered material that obtains can be used for thermospray through the screening back with slurry sintering, fusion.
Further, the present invention becomes coating through the Processing of Preparation that the hot spraying powder powder material with above-mentioned preparation passes through hot-spraying techniques.Its preparation method is through flame plating, HVAF or plasma spraying said powder spraying to be formed said absorption coating to matrix.
Particularly; The preparation of thermospray microwave absorbing coating described in the invention is according to the selected material and the body material characteristic that is directed against, and selects suitable hot-spraying techniques; Like flame plating, HVAF, plasma spraying etc.; According to the cakingagent characteristic, matrix is heated to suitable temperature (generally being higher than 400 ℃), can spray the preparation coating.
Wherein, before thermospray, accomplish the pre-treatment of matrix, generally use the mode of sandblast; First preheating matrix before the wave energy layer is inhaled in preparation, preheating temperature are controlled in the scope of glass, glaze or enamel sticker softening temperature ± 100 ℃.And, preferably, before spraying,, select electric arc spraying Ni-Al composite filament or HVAF Ni base alloy material on matrix, to prepare metal intermediate layer in advance according to coating bonding force and reliability requirement, metal intermediate layer thickness is at 30～60 μ m.Yet, according to the height of selecting for use sticker softening temperature, powder spraying being formed said absorption coating to matrix through flame plating, HVAF or plasma spraying, the thickness of gained absorption coating is at 0.8～1.2mm.Perhaps, use different components material spraying multilayer microwave absorbing coating according to the coating structure designing requirement.
Wherein, Binder materials is when having good electric property among the present invention; Also should have good suitability with absorption agent; And in hot flame stream heat-processed, can obtain good molten state, strike on the matrix with certain speed simultaneously and can form " shakeouing " well behaved sheet that spatters.
The said absorption coating of the present invention's preparation is different from the coating of conventional liquid organic binder preparation; Its absorbent contents is controlled at 10～50%; Be lower than absorbent contents in the traditional coating application coating; According to the selection of material system, thermospray absorption coating service temperature can be higher than 300 ℃.
Embodiment 1: low melting glass and nickel coated Si absorbing body based material and coating prepn
Raw material: PbO
2-SiO
2Glass (median size＜2 μ m) 400g, 30wt.%Ni bag SiC powder (＜14 μ m) 100g.
Behind above-mentioned raw materials powder thorough mixing, add the polyvinyl alcohol solution (thinning ratio is about 10: 1) of pure water and dilution, stir; With the slurry thorough drying in vacuum drying oven that obtains, behind the formation dry base substrate, base substrate is put into vacuum sintering furnace; The control furnace temperature is 600 ℃; The control temperature rise rate is 100 ℃/15min in the sintering process, is incubated 5h down at 600 ℃ simultaneously, guarantees the glass material tight burning; Block to obtaining carries out fragmentation, pulverizing, screening, obtains the hot spraying powder powder material of size range at 45 μ m～98 μ m.Use oxygen-acetylene flame sprayed coating systems produce coating, select for use flame plating equipment flame stream temperature to surpass 3000 ℃, improve compressed air pressure and powder feeding carrier gas flux and reduce powder residence time in flame, avoid the superfusion of powder and the decomposition of glass cakingagent.After being heated to plain steel more than 400 ℃; Begin to prepare coating, substrate temperature remains at about 400 ℃ in the preparation process, and finally preparing thickness is the 0.8mm coating; Coating has absorbing property in 8～18GHz scope, wherein-and the following bandwidth of 5dB is about 5GHz.Bond Strength of Coating is 21MPa, when coat-thickness is 0.5mm, and coat side density 1.5Kg/m
2Black SiC absorption agent is evenly distributed in the middle of the glass binder in the coating, and the frequency-reflectance curve result of coating performance test sees Fig. 1, shows that the coating temperature tolerance reaches more than 400 ℃, and, its microscopic appearance such as Fig. 2 and shown in Figure 3.
Embodiment 2:
Raw material: phosphate glass powder (median size＜3 μ m) 350g, FeNiCoAlSiRe alloy (～10 μ m) 150g.
With the above-mentioned raw materials thorough mixing, add a small amount of pure water, guarantee that solid content is 50～65% in the slurry; Add 1～1.5% Z 150PH (PVA) in the whipping process as sticker; Use the centrifugal spray drying granulating equipment to carry out granulation and handle, obtain spherical powder, powder (100～150 ℃) vacuum-drying at low temperatures; To dry the back powder and sieve processing, finally obtain the spherical powder granularity between 25 μ m～53 μ m.Use supersonic velocity flame plating equipment to spray, prepare the coating that thickness is 1.2mm, the coating reflectance peak be (9.76GHz ,-9.29dB).Anchoring strength of coating is 18MPa, and when coat-thickness was 0.5mm, area density was 1.78Kg/m
2Frequency-reflectance curve the result of coating performance test sees Fig. 4, and its microscopic appearance is as shown in Figure 5.Simultaneously, according to different components characteristic in the coating, case study on implementation 2 floating coat use temperatures depend on that the oxidation resistance temperature of absorption agent and magnetic property keep temperature.
Effect of the present invention:
The present invention adopts glass, glaze or enamel material as cakingagent, and the temperature tolerance of prepared coating is far above traditional antiradar coatings, and its temperature tolerance can be higher than 300 ℃.And; The present invention utilizes the ripe absorption agent in traditional antiradar coatings; Utilize the novel binder materials of exploitation, prepare absorption agent and be dispersed in the material system in the cakingagent, thus the performance of control starting materials system; Guarantee in the coating that absorption agent can homodisperse, its mechanical property is excellent, area density is little, have good absorbing property.In addition, preparation technology of the present invention is simple, and the superior of coating can satisfy the requirement of dissimilar parts surface coating prepn.
Certainly; The present invention also can have other various embodiments; Under the situation that does not deviate from spirit of the present invention and essence thereof; Those of ordinary skill in the art work as can make various corresponding changes and distortion according to the present invention, but these corresponding changes and distortion all should belong to the protection domain of the appended claim of the present invention.
Claims (16)
1. a thermospray absorption coating is used dusty spray, it is characterized in that, comprises absorption agent and is used to bond and disperses the mineral binder bond of absorption agent, and said mineral binder bond is selected from glass, glaze or enamel material.
2. dusty spray according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said absorption agent quality percentage composition is 10～50%.
3. dusty spray according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Said mineral binder bond by specific inductivity between room temperature～use temperature be lower than 5.5, thermal expansivity and be directed against body material and differ less than 20%, invert point is higher than use temperature, density is less than 3g/cm
3, have the glass-like materials of viscosity and high temperature flow leveling.
4. dusty spray according to claim 3 is characterized in that said glass-like materials is selected from phosphate glass, silicate glass or borosilicate glass.
5. dusty spray according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said absorption agent is selected from metal, the ceramic absorption agent that temperature tolerance is higher than use temperature.
6. dusty spray according to claim 5; It is characterized in that; Said absorption agent is magneticmetal material, electrical loss, dielectric loss, magnetic loss or electromagnetism composite ceramic material; Its electromagnetic property does not have considerable change between room temperature～use temperature, and the Tc of said magneticmetal material is higher than use temperature.
7. dusty spray according to claim 6 is characterized in that, said absorption agent is SiC, NiCo alloy or Ni coated Si, SiO
2Coat Co.
8. dusty spray according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said microwave absorbing coating requires at 45～98 μ m or 25～53 μ m according to spraying coating process with the size range of spray material.
9. dusty spray according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said inorganic binder median size is less than 3 μ m.
10. absorption coating that utilizes the thermospray absorption coating of claim 1 with the dusty spray spray formation.
11. the thermospray absorption coating of a claim 1 is characterized in that with the preparation method of dusty spray, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: glass, glaze or enamel sticker and absorption agent are mixed, add organic binder bond, stir, form slurry, make absorption agent homodisperse in the slurry;
Step 2: the slurry of gained in the step 1 is carried out vacuum drying treatment; Use melting fragmentation or sintering crushing prepared hot spray powder; Also can use the reunion sintering process to prepare powder; Slurry is carried out spray drying granulation handle, obtain spherical powder, powder is carried out can be used for thermospray behind drying, the slight sintering.
12. thermospray absorption coating according to claim 11 is with the preparation method of dusty spray; It is characterized in that; Also comprise step 3: after step 2 is accomplished the sintering-processing of coming unstuck; Handle through flame spray gun or plasma gun flame stream, further to the powder particle densification, to obtain complete, the fine and close radar absorbing that coats absorption agent of glass cakingagent.
13. the preparation method of the absorption coating of a claim 10 is characterized in that, through flame plating, HVAF or plasma spraying radar absorbing is sprayed to and forms said absorption coating on the matrix.
14. the preparation method of absorption coating according to claim 13 is characterized in that, first preheating matrix, and preheating temperature is controlled at glass, glaze or enamel sticker softening temperature ± 100 ℃.
15. the preparation method of absorption coating according to claim 13; It is characterized in that; Before spraying, select electric arc spraying Ni-Al composite filament or HVAF Ni sill on matrix, to prepare intermediate layer in advance, transition region thickness is at 30～60 μ m.
16. the preparation method of absorption coating according to claim 13 is characterized in that, the thickness of gained absorption coating is at 0.8～1.2mm.
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