CN102757824A

CN102757824A - Systems and methods for cooling gasification products

Info

Publication number: CN102757824A
Application number: CN2012101383929A
Authority: CN
Inventors: R·布兰查德; G·M·拉斯科夫斯基
Original assignee: General Electric Co
Current assignee: General Electric Co
Priority date: 2011-04-29
Filing date: 2012-04-26
Publication date: 2012-10-31
Anticipated expiration: 2032-04-26
Also published as: CN102757824B; US20120273176A1

Abstract

Embodiments of gasification cooling systems provided herein may include a housing, an annular wall, and one or more tangential fluid jets circumferentially disposed about the annular wall. The housing includes an inlet, an outlet, and a fluid passage disposed between the inlet and the outlet. The annular wall is disposed about the fluid passage, and a fluid stream is configured to flow in a flow direction from the inlet toward the outlet. The one or more tangential fluid jets are adapted to inject fluid into the fluid passage to annularly circulate the fluid stream throughout the fluid passage as the fluid stream flows in the flow direction.

Description

The system and method that is used for the cool gasification product

Technical field

The disclosed theme of this paper relates to the gasification cooling system of cooling from the gas of gasifier, for example radiation formula syngas cooler.

Background technology

Integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) PWR PLT can be more clean and efficiently with various feed hydrocarbons (for example coal) generate energy.The IGCC technology can be through changing into the gaseous mixture that comprises carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H2), for example synthetic gas with the reaction of steam with feed hydrocarbon in gasifier.These gases can be cooled, clean and be used as fuel in traditional combined circulation power apparatus.For example, radiation formula syngas cooler (RSC) can receive and cooling syngas at the upper reaches of water-gas shift and/or other gas cleaning unit.For this reason, RSC typically comprises heat-exchanger pipeline, when synthetic gas flows through RSC, and this heat-exchanger pipeline and synthetic gas exchanging heat and produce through the refrigerative synthetic gas.Heat exchanger material can be arranged on all places place in the RSC, for example in the inside of RSC, and in the circumferential wall of RSC container.It's a pity that many present RSC designs distribute heated synthetic air unevenly between these heat exchanger materials, thereby cause synthetic gas process of cooling inefficiency.The inefficiency of these processes can make through the heat exchange among the RSC and realize that best synthetic gas cools off necessary RSC complex designization.

Summary of the invention

In one embodiment, a kind of gasification cooling system comprises housing, and housing has inlet, exports and be arranged on the fluid channel between the entrance and exit.This gasification cooling system also comprises the annular wall on every side that is arranged on the fluid channel, and fluid stream is suitable for along mobile towards the flow direction of outlet from inlet.The gasification cooling system further comprises one or more tangentials fluid spout; This one or more tangentials fluid spout is around the annular wall that circumferentially is arranged on the fluid channel; And be suitable for spraying a fluid in the fluid channel; To flow longshore current when mobile, make the circulation in whole fluid channel of fluid stream at fluid with circularizing.

In another embodiment, a kind of gasification cooling system comprises housing, and housing has along lengthways along fluid channel that the flow direction of housing is extended.This gasification cooling system also comprises annular wall, this annular wall be arranged on the fluid channel around, and comprise the dividing plate that is suitable at synthetic gas longshore current synthetic gas in the cooling channels when flowing.The gasification cooling system further comprises a plurality of fluid spouts, these a plurality of fluid spouts be arranged on annular wall around, and be suitable for spraying a fluid in the fluid channel, with at the synthetic gas longshore current when mobile, along circumferential direction synthetic gas is guided to dividing plate.

In another embodiment, a kind of system comprises the gasification refrigerating unit, and this gasification refrigerating unit comprises housing, and housing has inlet, exports and be arranged on the fluid channel between the entrance and exit.Fluid stream is suitable for being suitable for the heat-exchanger pipeline of cooling fluid flow with contact along flowing from the flow direction of inlet towards outlet.Tangential fluid spout is connected on the housing of gasification refrigerating unit, and is suitable for spraying a fluid in the fluid channel, to flow longshore current when mobile at fluid, fluid stream is circulated along circumferential direction.

Description of drawings

When reading following detailed description with reference to accompanying drawing, of the present invention these with the understanding that will improve of further feature, aspect and advantage, in the accompanying drawings, same-sign is represented same parts in all are schemed, wherein:

Fig. 1 is the block diagram of an embodiment of Integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) PWR PLT that comprise radiation formula syngas cooler (RSC);

Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional side view of an embodiment of the RSC of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the block diagram of an embodiment with gasification cooling system of tangential fluid spout;

Fig. 4 is the cross-sectional view of the RSC of Fig. 2, and it shows an embodiment of the gasification cooling system that in the line 4-4 of Fig. 2, shows; And

That Fig. 5 shows is according to an embodiment of the invention, the method for the fluid spout of the RSC of control chart 2.

List of parts

100 Integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) system

102 fuel source

104 feed preparatory unit

106 gasifiers

108 slag charges

110 gas cleaning units

111 sulphur

112 sulphuring treatment devices

113 salt

114 unit for treating water

116 gas processing devices

117 residual gas compositions

118 gas turbine engines

120 burners

122 air gas separation units (ASU)

123 replenish air

124 lead to the nitrogen of dilution nitrogen (DGAN) compressor

125 axial axis

126 longitudinal axis

127 circumferential axis

128 cooling towers

130 turbines

131 transmission shafts

132 compressors

134 loads

136 steam turbine movers

138 recovery of heat vapor generation (HRSG) systems

140 second loads

142 condensing surfaces

146 radiation formula syngas coolers (RSC)

147 upper areas

148 containers

149 lower regions

150 dome shaped parts

152 inlets

153 throats

154 outlets

155 downstream directions

156 interior regions

158 heat-exchanger pipelines

159 dividing plates

160 flow to

162 pipelines

164 downward directions

166 chilling cones

168 directions that make progress

170 transmit circuit

172 gas inletes

180 protection gas

182 synthetic gas

Room 184

186 through the refrigerative synthetic gas

188 fluid spouts

190 system

192 flow directors

194 forcing frequency driving mechanisms

196 fluids

198 acoustic speaker

200 magnifying glasss

202 signal generators

204 fuel nozzle ports

206 fuel nozzle ports

208 fuel nozzle ports

210 fuel nozzle ports

212 forcing frequency driving mechanisms

214 forcing frequency driving mechanisms

216 forcing frequency driving mechanisms

218 forcing frequency driving mechanisms

220 flow directors

222 flow directors

224 flow directors

226 flow directors

228 cycling streams to

230 circumferential direction

232 circumferential direction

234 circumferential direction

236 methods

238 method stepss

240 method stepss

242 method stepss

244 method stepss

246 method stepss

Embodiment

That kind as described below, this paper provides the embodiment of gasification cooling system, and the gasification cooling system comprises and can when the inlet of fluid stream along downstream direction from system flows to outlet, make fluid stream circularize the one or more fluid spouts of ground round-robin.In various embodiments, these fluid spouts can be positioned on the various suitable position in the gasification cooling system, for example are the circumferential arrangement on every side of the annular wall that is arranged on gasification vessel.In addition, in these embodiment, can the fluid spout be placed on any lengthwise position, for example at the upper reaches of heat-exchanger pipeline along annular wall.In the time of in being properly positioned on the gasification cooling system, these one or more fluid spouts tangentially spray a fluid in the gasification vessel, thereby make fluid stream (for example synthetic gas) circulation of the heat that basically lengthways flows through container.Aforementioned characteristic can make fluid stream can be for example be dispersed in the whole volume of gasification vessel towards the periphery of the container with the dividing plate that is suitable for from fluid stream, passing out heat.In addition, gasification comprise in the cooling system fluid spout can improve fluid stream be arranged on heat-exchanger pipeline in the fluid channel of container around circulation, thereby make at fluid stream and pass have between the refrigerant of heat-exchanger pipeline heat passage efficiently.Further, compare,, can control the operability of gasification cooling system more accurately through change the advance flow rate of the fluid stream through the fluid channel and/or the fluidic temperature of injection with typical non-nozzle type cooling system.

In should be noted that the fluid spout can be arranged on various systems and install, those that for example in industrial equipment, PWR PLT or other application, find.In embodiment described herein, aforementioned characteristic is arranged in and is configured to the annular wall of cooling source from the radiation formula syngas cooler (RSC) of the synthetic gas of the gasifier of Integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) PWR PLT.But in other embodiments, the fluid spout can be arranged in any appropriate region of the various gasification cooling systems of the fluid stream that is designed to cool off any kind.Thereby based on the factor such as the type of the gasifier that in whole process, uses, the fuel source of being utilized etc., the characteristic of the RSC that illustrates can stand sizable variation on size, shape and layout.Therefore, those except illustrating, the characteristic of fluid spout can have the structure in the scope of disclosed spout.

Further, the embodiment of system of utilization about the feedback of the process of cooling parameter of expectation is provided, to control the cooling of fluid stream by efficient manner spatially.In other words, the embodiment of disclosed system controls one or more parameters of fluid spout, to influence process of cooling by spatially variable mode, to improve evaporation efficiency.For example, in certain embodiments, system can be regulated forcing frequency, flow rate or both of the one or more fluid spouts in a plurality of fluid spouts that are directed in the cooling vessel independently.These fluid spouts can comprise synthetic gas spout, air jet, carbonic acid gas spout, oxygen spout, nitrogen spout or their combination.In certain embodiments, these fluid spouts being carried out independent control can optionally make forcing frequency, flow rate or both between these a plurality of fluid spouts, even or uneven distribution can be arranged.After this manner, for example, through the spatial variations in the input that influences process of cooling is responded, disclosed system can be in response to process of cooling, be received from the variation of user's input etc.In other words; Can be only the spatial variations in the input be provided, perhaps can the spatial variations in the input be provided through changing forcing frequency between these a plurality of fluid spouts, flow rate or both (being the uneven distribution between the spout) with the change of the forcing frequency of one or more fluid spouts.But, in many examples, can adopt only single fluid spout, and system can be configured to control the parameter of single fluid spout, to improve the efficient that from fluid stream, passes out heat.

Forward accompanying drawing now to, Fig. 1 is the diagram of an embodiment that Integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) system 100 of power can be provided by synthesis gas (being synthetic gas).The element of IGCC system 100 can comprise the fuel source 102 of the energy source that can be used as IGCC, for example solid feed.Fuel source 102 can comprise coal, refinery coke, living weight, the material based on timber, agricultural waste, tar, coke-oven gas and pitch, or other carbonaceous project.

The solid fuel of fuel source 102 can be sent to feed preparatory unit 104.Through fuel source 102 is minced, pulverizes, chopping, pulverizing, briquetting or stacking, the size of the for example reconfigurable fuel source 102 of feed preparatory unit 104 or shape and produce feed.In addition, can in feed preparatory unit 104, add water or other suitable liquid to fuel source 102, to produce the slurry feed.In other embodiments, fuel source is not added liquid, thereby produce the feed of doing.

Feed can be sent to gasifier 106 from feed preparatory unit 104.Gasifier 106 can change into synthetic gas with feed, for example the combination of carbon monoxide and hydrogen.Can realize this conversion at the steam and the oxygen that stand in check amount such as about 20 crust to the elevated pressure of 85 crust with under through making feed such as about 700 degrees centigrade-1600 degrees centigrade temperature (this depends on the type of the gasifier 106 that is utilized).Gasification can comprise makes feed experience pyrolysis process, and feed is heated whereby.During pyrolysis process, the scope of the temperature inside of gasifier 106 can be about 150 degrees centigrade to 700 degrees centigrade, and this depends on the fuel source 102 that is used for producing feed.The heating of feed during pyrolysis process can produce solid (for example charcoal) and residual gas (for example carbon monoxide, hydrogen and nitrogen).In pyrolysis process the left charcoal of feed can weigh original feed weight about 30%.

In gasifier 106 combustion processes can take place then.Burning can comprise oxygen is incorporated into charcoal and residual gas.Charcoal and residual gas can form carbonic acid gas and carbon monoxide with the oxygen reaction, and this can provide heat to gasification reaction subsequently.The scope of the temperature during combustion processes can be about 700 degrees centigrade to 1600 degrees centigrade.Then, during gasification step, steam can be introduced in the gasifier 106.Charcoal can produce carbon monoxide and hydrogen with carbonic acid gas and steam reaction under for about 800 degrees centigrade to 1100 degrees centigrade temperature in scope.In fact, gasifier utilizes steam and oxygen to allow some " burnings " in the feed, and to produce carbon monoxide and energy, this can promote second reaction, and second reaction can be with further feed being changed into hydrogen and extra carbonic acid gas.

After this manner, the gas that obtains is just produced by gasifier 106.This gas that obtains can comprise about 85% carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and CH4, HCl, HF, COS, NH ₃, HCN and H ₂S (based on the sulphur content of feed).This gas that obtains can be described as dirty synthetic gas, and after leaving gasifier 106, dirty synthetic gas typically mixes with waste material such as slag charge 108, and waste material can be wet putty material.Leave the dirty synthetic gas of gasifier 106 and the temperature that slag charge 108 is in rising, and employing radiation formula syngas cooler (RSC) 146 separates the mixture with cooling syngas and slag charge.The mixture of slag charge and dirty synthetic gas gets into RSC146, and slag charge 108 is separated with dirty synthetic gas.Can from gasifier 106, remove slag charge 108 then, and slag charge 108 is for example handled as roadbed or another kind of material of construction.On the other hand, dirty synthetic gas is sent out the heat-exchanger pipeline to RSC 146, and when dirty synthetic gas was advanced through RSC 146, the fluid that flows through heat-exchanger pipeline can work and cool off dirty synthetic gas.Therefore, the dirty synthetic gas of the comparable RSC of flowing through of fluid that flows through the pipeline of RSC 146 is in lower significantly temperature.

The embodiment of the disclosed radiation formula syngas cooler of this paper can comprise one or more characteristics; For example one or more tangentials fluid spout, these one or more characteristics for example through with the guiding of heated synthetic gas to exchanger pipe and/or be arranged on RSC 146 periphery around dividing plate make dirty synthetic gas at RSC 146 internal recycle to cool off.In addition, RSC 146 also can comprise system, and this system can be controlled the fluidic flow rate and/or the forcing frequency of spraying through these one or more spouts, to improve or farthest to improve the cooling power of RSC146.These and the further feature of some embodiment of the present invention have been discussed below in further detail about the RSC that shows among Fig. 2-4.But, should be noted that these characteristics can be included in any gasification cooling system, and be not limited to the radiation formula syngas cooler.

Dirty synthetic gas be cooled and with slag charge 108 after separatings, gas cleaning unit 110 capable of using cleans dirty synthetic gas.Gas cleaning unit 110 can wash dirty synthetic gas, from dirty synthetic gas, to remove HCl, HF, COS, HCN and H ₂S, this can comprise for example remove process through the sour gas in the sulphuring treatment device 112 and in sulphuring treatment device 112 separate sulfur 111.In addition, gas cleaning unit 110 can be isolated salt 113 through unit for treating water 114 from dirty synthetic gas, and unit for treating water 114 water treatment technologies capable of using take from dirty synthetic gas, to produce available salt 113.The synthetic gas that can comprise subsequently, cleaning from the gas of gas cleaning unit 110.

If expectation, gas processing device 116 capable of using removes residual gas composition 117 from the synthetic gas of cleaning.But it is optional from the synthetic gas of cleaning, removing residual gas composition 117, even because when comprising residual gas composition 117 (for example tail gas), the synthetic gas of cleaning also can be used as fuel.Here, the synthetic gas of cleaning can comprise the CO (for example 3% CO) of about 1%-10%, the H of about 30%-60% ₂(55% H for example ₂) and the about CO of 30%-60% ₂(40% CO for example ₂), and sloughed H basically ₂S.The synthetic gas of this cleaning can be used as ignitable fuel and is transferred to the burner 120 of gas turbine engine 118, for example combustion chamber (CC).

IGCC system 100 can further comprise air gas separation unit (ASU) 122.ASU 122 can operate and come through distillation technique for example air separation composition gas.ASU 122 can be fed to the air wherein from additional certainly air 123 and isolate oxygen, and ASU 122 can be delivered to gasifier 106 with isolated oxygen.In addition, ASU 122 can be transferred to dilution nitrogen (DGAN) compressor 124 with isolated nitrogen.

DGAN compressor 124 can be compressed to the stress level that equals the stress level in the burner 120 at least with the nitrogen that is received from ASU 122, so that do not interfere the appropriate burning of synthetic gas.Thereby in case DGAN compressor 124 is compressed to appropriate level with nitrogen fully, DGAN compressor 124 just can be transferred to compressed nitrogen the burner 120 of gas turbine engine 118.

Compressed nitrogen can be transferred to the burner 120 of gas turbine engine 118 from DGAN compressor 124.Gas turbine engine 118 can comprise turbine (T) 130, transmission shaft 131 and compressor (C) 132 and burner 120.Burner 120 can receive the fuel that can under pressure, from fuel oil atomizer, eject, for example synthetic gas.This fuel can mix with pressurized air and from the compressed nitrogen of DGAN compressor 124, and in burner 120 internal combustion.This burning can produce the pressurization exhaust of heat.

Burner 120 can be with the exhaust outlet of exhaust guiding to turbine 130.When transmitting through turbine 130 from the exhaust of burner 120, exhaust can force turbine blade in the turbine 130 along the axis rotating drive shaft 131 of gas turbine engine 118.As shown, transmission shaft 131 is connected on the various members of gas turbine engine 118, comprises compressor 132.

Transmission shaft 131 can be connected to turbine 130 on the compressor 132 and forms rotor.Compressor 132 can comprise the blade that is connected on the transmission shaft 131.Thereby the rotation of the turbine blade in turbine 130 can cause turbine 130 is connected to the blade in transmission shaft 131 rotary compressors 132 on the compressor 132.The air that this rotation of blade in compressor 132 can cause compressor 132 compressions to receive through the air in the compressor 132.Pressurized air can be fed to burner 120 then, and mixes with fuel and compressed nitrogen, to allow the burning of greater efficiency.Transmission shaft 131 also can be connected in the load 134, and load 134 can be the permanent load in the PWR PLT for example, for example is used to produce the generator of electric power.In fact, load 134 can be for being provided any proper device of power by the rotation output of gas turbine engine 118.

IGCC system 100 also can comprise steam turbine (ST) mover 136 and recovery of heat vapor generation (HRSG) system 138.Heated exhaust from gas turbine engine 118 can be transported among the HRSG 138, and is used to add hot water, and produces and to be used for steam turbine mover 136 is provided the steam of power.Steam turbine mover 136 can drive second load 140.Second load 140 also can be the generator that is used to produce electric power.But both can be the load of other type that can be driven by gas turbine engine 118 and steam turbine mover 136 first load 134 and second load 140.In addition; Though gas turbine engine 118 can drive

independent load

134 and 140 with steam turbine mover 136; As showing in the illustrated embodiment, but also can utilize gas turbine engine 118 and steam turbine mover 136 to drive single load in tandem through single axle.The concrete structure of steam turbine mover 136 and gas turbine engine 118 can be for realization proprietary, and can comprise any combination of section.

Exhaust from the low pressure section of for example steam turbine mover 136 can be directed in the condensing surface 142.Condensing surface 142 cooling tower capable of using 128 is exchanged into refrigerated water with heated water.Cooling tower 128 is used for to condensing surface 142 water coolant being provided, to assist to make the vapor condensation that is transferred to condensing surface 142 from steam turbine mover 136.Condensation product from condensing surface 142 can be directed among the HRSG 138 again.Once more, also can be directed among the HRSG 138,, and produce steam with the water of heating from condensing surface 142 from the exhaust of gas turbine engine 118.

In the combined cycle system such as IGCC system 100, the exhaust of heat can be flowed out from gas turbine engine 118, and is sent to HRSG 138, in HRSG 138, can use this exhaust to produce high pressure, high-temperature steam.The steam that produced of HRSG 138 can transmit through steam turbine mover 136 then, to produce power.In addition, the steam of generation also can be supplied to any other process that wherein can use steam, for example is fed to gasifier 106.Circulation takes place and usually is called as " circulation to the top " in gas turbine engine 118, and steam turbine mover 136 circulation takes place then usually is called as " and end circulation ".Through these two circulations of associating as shown in Fig. 1, IGCC system 100 can cause in two circulations, bigger efficient being arranged.Particularly, from the round-robin exhaust heat can be captured to the top, and can be used to produce the steam that is used for reaching end circulation use.

Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional side view of an embodiment of radiation formula syngas cooler 146 that is used for the IGCC system 100 of Fig. 1.RSC 146 has axial axis 125, longitudinal axis 126 and circumferential axis 127.RSC 146 can comprise container 148, and container 148 can be processed by suitable material, for example the 2nd type the 11st grade ASTM SA387.Container 148 works to be used for housing or the shell of RSC 146, the lower region of upper area 147 and the RSC146 of sealing RSC 146 149 both.The upper area 147 of RSC 146 can comprise dome shaped part 150, and dome shaped part 150 comprises the inlet 152 that extends in the throat 153.Lower region 149 comprises outlet 154.Interior region 156 is by inlet 152 and export the space boundary between 154.Near inlet 152 throat 153 expands from the 152 courts outlet 154 that enters the mouth along downstream direction 155.

The container 148 that illustrates also comprises heat-exchanger pipeline 158, and heat-exchanger pipeline 158 can be in the upper area 147 of RSC 146.Pipeline 158 can comprise a plurality of pipelines, and these a plurality of pipelines are along the longitudinal axis 126 of RSC 146 and be provided with, and extends abreast with container 148 on direction with respect to axial axis 125.Frozen liq (for example water) can flow through pipeline 158.Thereby during use, pipeline 158 can be used as heat exchanger in RSC 146, and can make coolant circulating arrive external heat exchanger, to remove heat.That is to say that frozen liq is capable of circulation through pipeline 158, and when the outside surface of the synthetic gas contact thermal exchanger pipe 158 of heat, be heated.Thereby with the liquid phase ratio that leaves pipeline 158, the liquid that flows through heat-exchanger pipeline 158 can get into pipeline under lower temperature.Therefore, pipeline 158 can be processed by the heat-stable material of the synthetic gas that is suitable for use in heat.

In addition, container 148 also comprises the dividing plate 159 on every side of the periphery that is arranged on RSC 146, and dividing plate 159 limits the outer wall of containers 148.In certain embodiments, dividing plate 159 can be processed by the material that can from the fluid of contact dividing plate 159, remove heat as heat exchanger.That is to say that in certain embodiments, both can be used to heat-exchanger pipeline 158 and dividing plate 159 cooling flow and cross the liquid of RSC 146 (for example synthetic gas).For this reason, as arrow 161 was represented, one or more tangentials fluid spout was around the annular wall that circumferentially is arranged on container 148, to spray a fluid among the RSC 146.In case sprayed, the fluid that quilt guides in a looping fashion just can flow interaction with the fluid along downward basically direction from the heat of 152 flow direction outlets 154 that enter the mouth, so that the fluid of heat flows circulation with circularizing.Thereby through between the pipe of heat-exchanger pipeline 158 and towards the periphery of the dividing plate 159 of container 148, distributing the fluid stream of heat, this one or more tangentials fluid spout 161 can promote the efficient cooling of the fluid stream of heat.

For example, in the illustrated embodiment, at the run duration of RSC 146, the synthetic gas that in gasifier 106, produces is as the mixture (the fluid stream of instant heating) of synthetic gas and slag charge and entering RSC 146.Slag charge 108 is separated basically in the throat region 153 of RSC 146 with synthetic gas, and at after separating, passes through the rest part of the length of RSC 146 in accordance with different flow paths.With slag charge flow after separating, synthetic gas substantially flows with the downward mode that is parallel to pipeline 158, as arrow 160 is indicated.That is to say that the edge that synthetic gas flows through RSC146 is lengthways along 160 gas passages that extend that flow to of container 148.When direction 160 flow through gas passage, fluid spout 161 sprayed fluids at synthetic gas, and this fluid makes synthetic gas circulation around the fluid channel, thereby with the dividing plate 159 of synthetic gas guiding to container 148.Therefore, synthetic gas separates with slag charge to get into RSC 146 with slag charge blended mode through inlet 152, and circulation is lengthways flow through the interior region 156 of RSC 146, and left RSC 146 through exporting 154 then with circularizing around the fluid channel.After this manner, but the periphery dividing plate 159 of synthetic gas contact thermal exchanger pipe 158 and RSC 146, and pipeline 158 and dividing plate 159 can be used to cooling syngas when synthetic gas is advanced through RSC 146.A result of this process of cooling can be in pipeline 158 and produces steam, and steam for example can be transferred to high drum pressure 145 (referring to Fig. 1), to collect and to be transferred to heat recovery steam generator 138.

RSC 146 also can be included in the pipeline 162 in the lower region 149 of RSC 146, and pipeline 162 can be assisted and will be guided out RSC 146 through refrigerative synthetic gas and isolated slag charge.For example, when slag charge 108 left pipeline 162, slag charge 108 can flow along downward substantially direction 164, to leave RSC 146 through chilling cone 166.On the contrary, when synthetic gas leaves pipeline 162, can flow to transmission circuit 170 along the direction that makes progress substantially 168 through the refrigerative synthetic gas.Can use transmission circuit 170 that synthetic gas is transferred to gas cleaning unit 110 and/or gas turbine engine 118 (referring to Fig. 1).The element of the corrodible RSC 146 of original synthetic gas, the inwall of pipeline 158 and/or container 148 for example is if these elements contact with synthetic gas.Therefore, in certain embodiments, gas inlet 172 can be transferred to RSC 146 with non-corrosive fluids (for example shielding gas 180 (for example nitrogen)).This non-corrosive fluids can be between the pipeline 158 of container 148 and RSC146 flows downwards substantially, for example stop the protective that synthetic gas is moved in the annular space between pipe 158 and the container 148 to intercept to form.

Fig. 3 is the block diagram of gasification cooling system, and it shows the operation and the control of fluid spout according to an embodiment of the invention, that tangentially be provided with.As before, the gasification cooling system comprises RSC 146, and RSC 146 has inlet 152 and outlet 154, and synthetic gas 182 passes through the chamber 184 that inlet 152 gets into RSC 146, leaves RSC 146 through refrigerative synthetic gas 186 through exporting 154.That is to say that operation RSC 146 reduces the temperature of synthetic gas 182 with above-described mode, make the synthetic gas 186 that leaves RSC 146 compare and be in significantly reduced temperature with the synthetic gas 182 that gets into RSC146.In order to improve the efficient of this process of cooling, fluid spout 188 is provided, with tangentially will be in chamber 184, thereby make synthetic gas 182 circulation around 184 the volumetrical in the chamber such as the fluid jet of carbonic acid gas, air, oxygen, nitrogen and/or extra synthetic gas.

Though show single fluid spout 188 in the embodiments of figure 3, in other embodiments, spout 188 can represent to be distributed on every side single spout or a plurality of spout of RSC 146.For example, in one embodiment, a plurality of fluid spouts can be arranged on a position along the length of RSC 146 with circularizing RSC 146 periphery around.In other embodiments, the fluid spout can be arranged on a plurality of positions along the length of RSC 146.In fact, according to disclosed embodiment, can adopt any layout in the various fluid spouts layouts that distribute with the mode that even or uneven interval are arranged between contiguous spout.For example, the fluid spout can be in some zone together at a distance from nearer, and in other zone at a distance from must opening.However, each fluid spout in these a plurality of fluid spouts all can tangentially spray fluid at specific place, locus, and on this specific locus, spout is positioned to make the synthetic gas circulation of flowing through chamber 184.

Forward the operation and the control of the fluid spout 188 among the embodiment that illustrates now to, provide system 190 to control fluid and be ejected into the chamber 184 of RSC 146 from fluid spout 188.For example, system 190 can be configured to control the spout parameter, and for example forcing frequency, fluid composition, temperature, spout distribution etc. are to show based on given application and to the control of process of cooling.System 190 can receive from the operator, about the input of operating parameter, for example be used for producing type, synthetic gas flow rate of the fuel of synthetic gas etc., and can utilize these to import to confirm suitable spout parameter.In addition, in certain embodiments, system 190 can receive from be arranged on the one or more transmitters of gasification in the cooling system, about the feedback of the cooling performance of system.For example; In one embodiment; TP can grid mode be arranged in the RSC 146 and/or the exit of RSC 146, and, based on feedback from TP; The parameter of system 190 adjustable fluid spouts 188 is till the feedback that receives drops in the tolerance interval of expectation.

For this reason, system 190 can comprise suitable circuit, for example volatibility or nonvolatile memory, for example ROS (ROM), random-access memory (ram), magnetic storage storer, optical storage storer or their combination.In addition, various controlled variable can be with being configured to provide the code of concrete output to be stored in the storer.For example, system 190 may be programmed to first frequency obtains data, and the data (for example TP data) that receive are increased timestamp, and with second frequency control data is exported to fluid spout 188.As understand, first frequency and second frequency can be same to each other or different to each other, and can be depending on to use and change with concrete design consideration.But, can use any suitable frequency to first frequency and second frequency, perhaps can transmit data by any other suitable mode.Further; In certain embodiments; System 190 can only be stored the data (for example can only store 30 minutes the data in front) from youngest sensor measurement or operator's input, thereby in the time can obtaining more recent sensing data or operation input, from the storer of system 190, removes historical data.In such embodiment, system 190 can be configured to the historical data of access stored in storer where necessary.In other embodiments, system 190 can keep whole or more a large amount of historical data as the reference line that is used to control the gasification cooling system, and the perhaps program of accessible storage is to guide the operation of spout.

In the illustrated embodiment; In order to show to the but expectation control of process of synthetic air cooling; System 190 is connected on flow director 192 (for example valve) and the forcing frequency driving mechanism 194 (for example acoustic speaker 198, magnifying glass 200 and signal generator 202), with fluid 196 flow and the forcing frequency that are associated in control and the chamber that is injected into RSC 146 184.At run duration, fluid spout 188 (or fluid spout group) receives along the path flowing fluid 196 with flow director 192 and forcing frequency driving mechanism 194.Simultaneously, the service performance of system 190 control fluid spouts 188 (or fluid spout groups) is to change the fluid flow rate and/or the forcing frequency of fluid spout by uniform mode or uneven mode (this depends on given application).For example; Provide therein among the embodiment of a plurality of fluid spouts; System 190 can be controlled each independent spout independently; With the distribution of basic improvement synthetic gas 182 in chamber 184, thus between the dividing plate of heat-exchanger pipeline and wall of container, provide heat synthetic gas than uniform distribution, to improve the synthetic gas cooling.For example, come cooling syngas more equably, can reduce the desirably not high synthetic air pocket (pocket) of temperature basically the flow rate of the independent spout in a plurality of spouts and the independent control of forcing frequency through using heat-exchanger pipeline and container partition.Thereby through providing and control one or more fluid spouts of gasification system, disclosed embodiment can revise the process of cooling among the RSC 146, to utilize the cooling power of RSC 146 more fully.

More specifically, as further illustrating in the forcing frequency driving mechanism 194 of Fig. 3, an embodiment of forcing frequency driving mechanism 194 can comprise signal generator 202, magnifying glass 200 and acoustic horn 198 or speaker.Signal generator 202 is configured to produce the periodic waveform signal with some cycles or frequency, and this signal can change in response to the control of system 190.Magnifying glass 200 is configured to that the amplitude of regulating cycle property waveform signal for example increases or reduce amplitude in response to the control of system 190.Loudspeaker 198 are configured to the amplitude output periodic waveform signal with expectation, to produce the sound wave that the fluid stream that can force discharge with the mode of acoustics changes shape, size or mixed characteristic.Particularly, sound wave can impel and form large-scale structure (for example vortex) in the downstream of spout 188, thereby improves the spatial distribution of fluid spout and to the influence of synthetic gas.

In other embodiments, forcing frequency driving mechanism 194 can comprise that the fluid stream that forces discharge changes other unshowned member of shape, size or mixed characteristic.For example, forcing frequency driving mechanism 194 can comprise any member that is configured to vibrate or adjust with the change frequency of expectation fluid stream.For example, in one embodiment, can use the frequency vibration fluid stream of vibrating valve with expectation.In another embodiment, the pressure of fluid stream can frequency as expected be beaten.In such embodiment, forcing frequency driving mechanism 194 can comprise valve, the mechanism of beating, vibration mechanism and/or the adjustment mechanism of the acoustic properties that is configured to change fluid stream.

Fig. 4 is the cross-sectional view that the line 4-4 along Fig. 2 of RSC 146 obtains, its show an embodiment who is arranged on the gasification cooling system dividing plate 159 around a plurality of tangentials fluid spout 204,206,208 and the operation of 210 layout.As shown; Each fuel nozzle ports 204,206,208 and 210 be connected to corresponding forcing frequency driving mechanism 212,214,216 and 218 and corresponding flow director 220,222,224 and 226 on; They can be conditioned through the independently wave from system 190 all, as top argumentation substantially.On the plane that illustrates, the gasification cooling system comprises four fuel nozzle ports 204,206,208 and 210 on every side of the dividing plate 159 that is arranged on container.But, can in other embodiment of gasification cooling system, adopt any suitable quantity or the fluid spout of layout.

At run duration, system 190 is controlled fluid spout 204,206,208 and 210 independently or equably.Once more, independent or control uniformly can comprise the variation of one or more forcing frequencies, forced vibration amplitude and flow rate in the fluid spout, thereby changes the spacial influence of fluid spout to process of cooling.Particularly, forcing frequency, amplitude and the flow rate of each fluid spout of system 190 adjustable to change fluidic shape, size, penetration and the mixed characteristic of spraying, flow through the cooling of the synthetic gas of RSC 146 with influence.Thereby; The independent control that dependence can be showed in certain embodiments; System 190 can be adjusted in the spatial distribution of the fluid spout characteristic (for example flow rate, frequency and amplitude) between these a plurality of spouts 204,206,208 and 210, realizes synthetic gas cooling efficiently with both cooling poweies of the dividing plate through utilizing heat-exchanger pipeline 158 and RSC 146 159.

More specifically, at run duration, fluid spout 204 for example sprays a fluid in the chamber 184 with arrow 228 indicated basic Recycle design, so that synthetic gas circulation in whole chamber 184 with circularizing.Equally; Spout 206,208 and 210 is also along circumferentially spraying a fluid in the chamber 184, as respectively by arrow 230,232 and 234 indications, to follow ring direction guiding synthetic gas; With with synthetic gas guiding to dividing plate 159, and make synthetic gas be dispersed in heat exchanger tube 158 the surface around.The aforementioned characteristic of disclosed embodiment can make it possible between the heat exchanger material of synthetic gas and RSC 146, have heat passage efficiently.Further, this control and operation can change the flow rate of the synthetic gas through the fluid channel of advancing, thereby make and compare with typical non-nozzle type cooling system, can control the operability of gasification cooling system more accurately.

Fig. 5 shows the method 236 according to the fluid spout of RSC present disclosed embodiment, control chart 2.Method 236 comprises the operational mode (frame 238) of confirming the radiation formula syngas cooler, and the operating parameter (frame 240) of confirming to be used for cooling operation.For example, system can confirm just using the fuel of particular type to produce the synthetic gas that is received from gasifier, and subsequently, confirms the control scheme that limits in advance that is associated with given fuel type.Based on pattern and/or the parameter confirmed, regulate one or more (frames 242) in fluid composition, flow rate, forcing frequency, temperature or the spout distribution.For example, if raise from the flow rate of the synthetic gas of gasifier, then system can increase and gets into the fluidic flow rate, with the synthetic gas of cycling hot effectively.

Further, method 236 is included in monitoring operational mode and parameter (frame 244) in the whole cooling operation, and revises fluid composition, flow rate, forcing frequency, temperature and/or spout distribution (frame 246) based on this observation process.After this manner, system can make the operation of fluid spout be suitable for coming the synthetic gas of cooling heat with mode efficiently in whole cooling operation.Should be noted that in certain embodiments, the frame 242,244 and 246 of the method that the operation of system can be confined to illustrate, for example system preload therein has under the situation of the initial setting of acquiescence of expectation.

This written description use-case comes open the present invention, comprises optimal mode, and makes any technician in this area can put into practice the present invention, comprises manufacturing and uses any device or system, and carry out any bonded method.But the scope of patented of the present invention is defined by the claims, and can comprise other instance that those skilled in the art expect.If other such instance has the structural element of the literal language of the claim of not differing from; If other perhaps such instance comprises the equivalent structure element that does not have substantial differences with the literal language of claim, then their intentions are within the scope of claim.

Claims

1. a gasification cooling system (146) comprising:

Housing (148), its have inlet (152), the outlet (154) and be arranged on said inlet (152) and said outlet (154) between fluid channel (156);

Be arranged on the annular wall (186) on every side of said fluid channel (156), wherein, fluid stream (182) is configured to along flowing from the flow direction (160) of said inlet (152) towards said outlet (154); And

One or more tangentials fluid spout (161; 188); It is around the said annular wall (186) that circumferentially is arranged on said fluid channel (156); And be configured to spray a fluid in the said fluid channel (156),, make said fluid stream (182) circulation in whole said fluid channel (156) with circularizing with when said fluid stream flows along the said flow direction (160).

2. gasification cooling system according to claim 1 (146); It is characterized in that; Said gasification cooling system (146) comprises one or more forcing frequency driving mechanisms (194); Wherein, each forcing frequency driving mechanism (194) be connected to said one or more tangential fluid spouts (188) in a fluid path that is associated on, and the forcing frequency that is configured to regulate the said fluid spout (188) that is associated.

3. gasification cooling system according to claim 2 (146) is characterized in that, said forcing frequency driving mechanism (194) comprises signal generator (202), magnifying glass (200) and acoustic horn (198).

4. gasification cooling system according to claim 1 (146); It is characterized in that the said fluid that sprays through said one or more tangential fluid spouts (188) comprises carbonic acid gas, air, oxygen, nitrogen, the product gas that passes through the gasification generation or their combination.

5. gasification cooling system according to claim 1 (146); It is characterized in that; Said gasification cooling system (146) comprises system (190), and said system (190) is configured to regulate in response to the feedback that receives forcing frequency, fluid composition, temperature, spout distribution or their combination of said one or more fluid spouts (188).

6. gasification cooling system according to claim 5 (146) is characterized in that, the said feedback that receives comprises the operating parameter of the operational mode of said gasification cooling system (146), said cooling system or their combination.

7. gasification cooling system according to claim 1 (146) is characterized in that, said fluid stream comprises the synthetic gas (182) that is received from gasifier (106).

8. gasification cooling system according to claim 1 (146) is characterized in that, said gasification cooling system (146) comprises along the said flow direction (160) at the set inside of said housing (148) heat-exchanger pipeline (158) in the downstream of said inlet (152).

9. gasification cooling system according to claim 1 (146); It is characterized in that; Said gasification cooling system (146) comprises one or more driving mechanisms (194); Wherein, each driving mechanism be connected to said one or more tangential fluid spouts (188) in a fluid path that is associated on, and the said fluid of each driver constructions Cheng Yiyu stream is derived from the said tangential of the frequency drives fluid spout (188) of the frequency resonance of spout wherein.

10. a gasification cooling system (146) comprising:

Housing (148), it comprises along lengthways along fluid channel (156) that the flow direction (160) of said housing (148) is extended;

Annular wall (186), its be arranged on said fluid channel (156) around, and comprise that the synthetic gas (182) that is configured in said fluid channel (156) cools off the dividing plate (159) of said synthetic gas (182) when said direction (160) flows; And

A plurality of fluid spouts (188); It is arranged on said annular wall (186) around; And be configured to spray a fluid in the said fluid channel (156),, said synthetic gas (182) guided to said dividing plate (159) along circumferential direction with when said synthetic gas flows along the said flow direction (160).

11. gasification cooling system according to claim 10 (146); It is characterized in that; Said gasification cooling system (146) comprises a plurality of heat exchanger tubes (158); Said a plurality of heat exchanger tube (158) is arranged in the whole said fluid channel (156), and is configured to the said synthetic gas (182) in the cooled gas path when said synthetic gas (182) flows along the said flow direction (160).

12. gasification cooling system according to claim 10 (146); It is characterized in that; Said gasification cooling system (146) comprises system (190), and said system (190) is configured in response to about the feedback of the operating parameter of the operational mode of said gasification cooling system (146), said gasification cooling system (146) or their combination and the forcing frequency of regulating at least one the fluid spout in said a plurality of fluid spouts (188).

13. gasification cooling system according to claim 10 (146); It is characterized in that said a plurality of fluid spouts (188) comprise a plurality of nitrogen spouts, a plurality of air jet, a plurality of synthetic gas spout, a plurality of carbonic acid gas spout or their combination that is disposed radially the different positions place around the periphery of said housing (148).

14. gasification cooling system according to claim 10 (146); It is characterized in that; Said gasification cooling system (146) comprises system (190), and said system (190) is configured in response to about the feedback that receives of the operation of said gasification process of cooling and regulate the spout parameter distributions among said a plurality of fluid spouts (188).

15. gasification cooling system according to claim 14 (146) is characterized in that, said spout parameter comprises fluid flow rate, forcing frequency or their combination.

16. gasification cooling system according to claim 10 (146); It is characterized in that; Said gasification cooling system (146) comprises a plurality of driving mechanisms (194); Wherein, each driving mechanism be connected to said a plurality of fluid spouts (188) in a fluid path that is associated on, and the said fluid of each driver constructions Cheng Yiyu stream is derived from the frequency drives tangential fluid spout of the frequency resonance of spout wherein.