CN102749517B - Method for monitoring and analyzing oscillation impedance measurement track of electric power system - Google Patents
Method for monitoring and analyzing oscillation impedance measurement track of electric power system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for monitoring and analyzing an oscillation impedance measurement track of an electric power system. The method comprises the following steps of: forming equal conditions by utilizing the ratio of absolute values of potentials of two ends and the ratio of the absolute values of the measurement impedances of the two ends, analyzing and calculating to obtain the oscillation impedance measurement track under a common operation condition, and determining that an electric power system generates oscillation if the measurement impedance meets the basic characteristics of the method provided by the invention. The monitoring angle and analysis method of disclosed by the application of the invention can provide popular and exact an oscillation impedance measurement track description; the method provided by the invention is suitable for general operation conditions of the electric power system, and provides an exact and complete oscillation impedance measurement track for identifying short circuit and oscillation; and the invention further provides a method for identifying oscillation and short circuit.
Description
Technical field
The application belongs to Power System and its Automation field, is specifically related to a kind of monitoring method of power system oscillation impedance measurement track.
Background technology
Relay protection is the important leverage technology of safe operation of power system; and distance protection is the important component part of relay protection, still, distance protection is easily subject to the impact of power system oscillation; therefore, how to monitor, identify short circuit is one of the gordian technique in relay protection field with vibration always.
Double power-supply system as shown in Fig. 1 (a), when the monitoring of vibrating, analysis, has the conclusion of certain guidance meaning and succinct formula in order to provide easily, conventionally introduces following 2 hypothesis:
(be designated hereinafter simply as: condition 1);
(2) in system shown in Figure 1, Z
m, Z
l, Z
nthe angle of impedance of each element is all equal, with
represent (to be designated hereinafter simply as: condition 2).
Under the condition of 1,2 two hypothesis of condition, the M protection installation place in Fig. 1 (a), utilizes the voltage and current measuring, and in the time of can monitoring vibration, the oscillatory impedance at M place is measured track, and formula is as follows:
In formula, Z
mfor protection installation place (M place) system impedance behind; Z
Σfor system synthesis impedance, corresponding to the whole impedance sums in Fig. 1 (a), i.e. Z
Σ=Z
m+ Z
l+ Z
n, Z
mfor electromotive force S holds the impedance between M place, Z
lfor M place is to the impedance between N place, Z
nfor electromotive force W holds the impedance between N place.
In fact, it is situation more generally that assumed condition 1,2 is false, so, when condition 1,2 is false, how does oscillation measurement locus of impedance change? this problem does not all provide clear and definite parsing at present all documents and materials and patent, is at most to provide schematically a kind of explanation qualitatively.
The books of all " relay protection of power system " aspects have all been introduced the harm of power system oscillation, and, be all under condition 1,2 hypothesis, introduced the variation formula of oscillation measurement locus of impedance, as the formula (1).Use more documents and materials to have: 1, < < Power System Relay Protection and operation > >, Huazhong Institute of Technology is compiled, China Electric Power Publishing House, in July, 1981; 2, < < Power System Relay Protection > > (third edition), University Of Tianjin congratulates Lee of family, Song Congju, China Electric Power Publishing House, in October, 1994; 3, < < relay protection of power system > >, Zhang Baohui, Yin Xianggen etc., China Electric Power Publishing House, in May, 2005; 4, the novel distance protection > of < < transmission line of electricity >, Xu Zhengya, Chinese Water Conservancy water power publishing house, in June, 2002.
Summary of the invention
The problems referred to above that exist for solving prior art, the application discloses the method for monitoring and analyzing of power system oscillation impedance measurement track, measurement impedance variation track during to power system oscillation is monitored and is analyzed, and derived and cancelled the oscillatory impedance measurement track under 1,2 assumed conditions, be suitable for more general Operation of Electric Systems condition.
The present invention specifically by the following technical solutions.
A power system oscillation impedance measurement track monitoring analytical approach, described method for monitoring and analyzing is used for the transmission system of dual power supply and many power supplys, it is characterized in that, and described method for monitoring and analyzing comprises the following steps:
(1) when needing the transmission system of monitoring analysis to be many power supplys transmission system, utilize Dai Weinan power supply equivalence principle, multi-power system is equivalent to double power-supply system;
(2) measure or calculate double power-supply system or multi-power system is equivalent to two ends supply voltage phasor and the electric current phasor after double power-supply system;
(3) obtain wherein one end, i.e. the measurement impedance at S end power supply place in described two ends power supply (S, W)
with the other end in the power supply of described two ends, i.e. the measurement impedance at W end power supply place
wherein
for the voltage phasor at S end power supply place,
for the voltage phasor at W end power supply place,
for flowing through the electric current phasor of measuring position, prescribed direction is that S end bus points to circuit;
(4) calculate power supply place, described two ends, i.e. the ratio of the measurement impedance absolute value at S, power supply place, W two ends
it equals the ratio of the absolute value of two ends supply voltage phasor
(5) when one end supply voltage phasor and other end supply voltage amplitude ratio m=1, if the measurement impedance of S end is all marked in impedance complex plane figure, so, the measurement impedance end points of S end is vertical and divide equally in the comprehensive impedance Z connecting between both sides electromotive force end points S end, W end
Σstraight line on, wherein, comprehensive impedance Z
Σfor total impedance at S end power supply place and W end power supply place and, on described impedance complex plane, when the measurement locus of impedance of S end is for vertical and divide equally in connecting both sides electromotive force end points S end, the W comprehensive impedance Z between holding
Σstraight line time, judge that electric system vibrates, and oscillatory impedance is measured track and is above-mentioned dividing equally in the comprehensive impedance Z connecting between both sides electromotive force end points S end, W end
Σstraight line;
(6) when one end supply voltage phasor and other end supply voltage amplitude ratio m ≠ 1, if the measurement impedance of S end is all marked in impedance complex plane figure, so, oscillatory impedance measure track be with
point is the center of circle, with
for the circle of radius, wherein, comprehensive impedance Z
Σfor S end power supply place is to the comprehensive impedance between W end power supply place, on impedance complex plane, when the measurement locus of impedance of S end with
point is the center of circle, with
for the track of the circle of radius is when consistent, judge that vibration has occurred in electric system.
The present invention has following technique effect:
The present invention more comprehensively, complete, the universal law of having described exactly power system oscillation track, cancelled that angle of impedance equates and
hypothesis, for identifying better power system oscillation and short circuit, grasp oscillation measurement locus of impedance and established basis accurately.And, the identification that can be constructed as follows: for 3 above not measurement impedances in the same time, if every 2 phasors of measuring impedances poor with system synthesis impedance Z
Σalmost present the angular relationship of 90 °, be judged to be power system oscillation; If the phasor of every 2 measurement impedances is poor and system synthesis impedance Z
Σpresent 70 ° with interior angular relationship, be judged to be short circuit.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is electric system schematic diagram, and wherein, Fig. 1 (a) is dual power supply transmission system figure, and Fig. 1 (b) is the transmission of electricity of dual power supply shown in Fig. 1 (a) impedance schematic diagram;
Accompanying drawing 2 is S, W in rectangular coordinate system, P position view;
Accompanying drawing 3 is the oscillatory impedance track of both sides electromotive force equal (m=1);
The oscillation track that accompanying drawing 4 is rectangular coordinate system, the Local map that wherein Fig. 4 (a) is oscillation track, Fig. 4 (b) is
time rectangular coordinate system oscillation track;
Accompanying drawing 5 is Local map corresponding to S end place oscillatory impedance track;
Accompanying drawing 6 is Local map corresponding to M place oscillation track;
Accompanying drawing 7 is the M place oscillation track of each element impedance angle when unequal;
Accompanying drawing 8 is the graph of a relation of maximum adjust impedance circle characteristic and oscillation track;
Accompanying drawing 9 is the application's power system oscillation method for monitoring and analyzing process flow diagram;
The identification process that accompanying drawing 10 is faults and power swings.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with Figure of description and specific embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Relay protection is the important leverage technology of safe operation of power system; and distance protection is the important component part of relay protection, still, distance protection is easily subject to the impact of power system oscillation; therefore, how to monitor, identify short circuit is one of the gordian technique in relay protection field with vibration always.
By traditional relay protection installation place M or N(, be the bus place of both sides power supply) (as the M place of Fig. 1 MN circuit; direction is pointed to circuit by M bus) observation station moves to the two ends S of electromotive force place and W; utilize the measuring voltage at S and W two places and the measurement impedance that electric current phasor obtains S and W two places; on impedance complex plane, mark out the measurement impedance of δ=0 ° ~ 360 °; like this, just obtained the measurement locus of impedance in power system oscillation situation.This track is consistent with analysis below.Double power-supply system shown in Fig. 1 (a) is drawn as to the schematic diagram of Fig. 1 (b), and establishes
wherein, m is the ratio of the absolute value of both sides electromotive force, can be arbitrary value; δ is the angle of both sides electromotive force, is commonly referred to merit angle., consider the situation of power system voltage fluctuation ± 10%, m value is generally 0.9 ~ 1.1.So during vibration, from measuring voltage, the electric current of both sides electromotive force end points S end, W end, the measurement impedance that can monitor is respectively:
The ratio of the two absolute value is:
In formula (1), (2),
electromotive force for S end;
electromotive force for W end;
for load current; Z
m.Smeasurement impedance for the monitoring of S end; Z
m.Wmeasurement impedance for the monitoring of W end; M is the ratio of the absolute value of both sides electromotive force.
From measuring the physical significance of impedance absolute value, can know, formula (2) shows the some some P for oscillatory impedance track, has such relation: P point is constant to the length of S end with the ratio to W end length, and equals the ratio m of both sides electromotive force absolute value.
Put aside system synthesis impedance Z
Σangle while affecting, can first S end be placed in to the initial point of rectangular coordinate system, W end is placed on the real axis of rectangular coordinate system to P(a, b) be oscillation track certain a bit, and with | Z
∑| be unit length, as shown in Figure 2.
(1) when m=1
By formula (2), can be obtained:
Solution:
Length Ratio relation according to formula (2) is known: the length that P point is ordered to S equals the length that P point is ordered to W, and the track that P is ordered is the perpendicular bisector with S, 2 lines of W, as shown in Figure 3.
Because 2 of S, W are corresponding to Z
Σtwo end points, so the measurement locus of impedance of vibration is: vertical and divide equally in Z
Σstraight line.In fact, oscillation track and Z
Σintersect at
place, this place is exactly oscillation center.
Notice: in the relation of formula (2) Length Ratio, to forming Z
Σz
m, Z
l, Z
nthree impedors do not have angled requirement, that is to say Z
m, Z
l, Z
nthree impedor angles can be arbitrarily, so assumed condition 2 can be cancelled.Wherein, Z
mfor electromotive force S holds the impedance between M place; Z
lfor M place is to the impedance between N place; Z
nfor electromotive force W holds the impedance between N place.
When the ratio m=1 of two ends electromotive force absolute value, straight line is equivalent to radius, the center of circle is infinitely-great circle.
(2) when m ≠ 1
As shown in Figure 2, the coordinate that S is ordered is (0,0), and the coordinate that W is ordered is (1,0).If the coordinate that P is ordered is (a, b), so, the Length Ratio relation according to formula (2), can obtain:
Solution:
This is the equation of a circle of a standard, and central coordinate of circle is:
radius of a circle is:
Consider that the fluctuation of electric system normal voltage is in ± 10%, so, typical case
under value condition, the variation track of oscillation measurement impedance is: 1) during m=1.1, central coordinate of circle is (5.76,0), and radius of a circle is 5.238.2)
time, central coordinate of circle is (4.76,0), radius of a circle is 5.238.Corresponding to m=1, m=1.1,
three kinds of situations, Fig. 4 (a) has drawn the oscillatory impedance track monitoring by S, 2 of W, and Fig. 4 (b) shows
time oscillation track full figure.
Unit length in Fig. 4 (a) is reduced to Z
Σafter, the oscillation measurement impedance variation track that S end monitors is: with
point is the center of circle, with
circle for radius.
On the basis of Fig. 4 (a), by position between S, W and comprehensive impedance Z
Σangular relationship revert on impedance complex plane, just can obtain the oscillatory impedance variation track figure of Fig. 5.Fig. 5 is also the oscillation measurement locus of impedance that S end is experienced.
If need the oscillation measurement impedance of monitoring and protecting installation place M, so, as long as protect the complex plane that installation place is initial point to correspond to the relevant position in Fig. 5 by take on the basis of Fig. 5.For example, in Fig. 1, the oscillation measurement locus of impedance at M place as shown in Figure 6.Fig. 6 is in fact corresponding to Z
m, Z
l, Z
nthe equal situation of angle of impedance of three elements.
If further want to understand each element impedance angle when unequal, the measurement impedance of protection installation place, so, as long as on the basis of Fig. 6, considers Z
m, Z
l, Z
nthree's impedance magnitude and angular relationship, just can obtain the oscillation track figure at M place as shown in Figure 7.Wherein,
time, oscillatory impedance track with S, 2 straight lines that are connected of W (as the dot-and-dash line in Fig. 7, corresponding to comprehensive impedance Z
Σ) still present the relation of perpendicular bisector.
By above-mentioned new monitoring point and new analysis, hypothesis that can subsidiary condition 1,2, and draw such conclusion: 1) the main and Z of oscillation measurement locus of impedance
Σlength and both sides end points form relatively-stationary relation.During m=1, track is vertically divided equally in Z
Σ; M ≠ 1 o'clock, track meets the relation of formula (6).
2) when the angle of impedance of each element is while being any, still meet conclusion 1); When the angle of impedance of each element all equates, can obtain protecting installation place to measure the compact expression of impedance:
3) while observing the oscillation track of difference, oscillation track and Z
Σrelative position constant, only the true origin of impedance complex plane need be moved on to observation station place, so, the measurement impedance when impedance that observation station is pointed to tracing point is exactly vibration.
Based on above analysis, a kind of power system oscillation impedance measurement track monitoring analytical approach disclosed by the invention, as shown in Figure 8, described method for monitoring and analyzing is for the transmission system of dual power supply and many power supplys, and the method comprises the following steps:
A power system oscillation impedance measurement track monitoring analytical approach, described method for monitoring and analyzing is used for the transmission system of dual power supply and many power supplys, it is characterized in that, and described method for monitoring and analyzing comprises the following steps:
(1) when needing the transmission system of monitoring analysis to be many power supplys transmission system, utilize Dai Weinan power supply equivalence principle, multi-power system is equivalent to double power-supply system;
(2) measure or calculate double power-supply system or multi-power system is equivalent to two ends supply voltage phasor and the electric current phasor after double power-supply system;
(3) obtain wherein one end, i.e. the measurement impedance at S end power supply place in described two ends power supply (S, W)
with the other end in the power supply of described two ends, i.e. the measurement impedance at W end power supply place
wherein
for the voltage phasor at S end power supply place,
for the voltage phasor at W end power supply place,
for flowing through the electric current phasor of measuring position, prescribed direction is that S end bus points to circuit;
(4) calculate power supply place, described two ends, i.e. the ratio of the measurement impedance absolute value at S, power supply place, W two ends
it equals the ratio of the absolute value of two ends supply voltage phasor
(5) when one end supply voltage phasor and other end supply voltage amplitude ratio m=1, if the measurement impedance of S end is all marked in impedance complex plane figure, so, the measurement impedance end points of S end is vertical and divide equally in the comprehensive impedance Z connecting between both sides electromotive force end points S end, W end
Σstraight line on, wherein, comprehensive impedance Z
Σfor total impedance at S end power supply place and W end power supply place and, on described impedance complex plane, when the measurement locus of impedance of S end is for vertical and divide equally in connecting both sides electromotive force end points S end, the W comprehensive impedance Z between holding
Σstraight line time, judge that electric system vibrates, and oscillatory impedance is measured track and is above-mentioned dividing equally in the comprehensive impedance Z connecting between both sides electromotive force end points S end, W end
Σstraight line;
(6) when one end supply voltage phasor and other end supply voltage amplitude ratio m ≠ 1, if the measurement impedance of S end is all marked in impedance complex plane figure, so, oscillatory impedance measure track be with
point is the center of circle, with
for the circle of radius, wherein, comprehensive impedance Z
Σfor S end power supply place is to the comprehensive impedance between W end power supply place, on impedance complex plane, when the measurement locus of impedance of S end with
point is the center of circle, with
for the track of the circle of radius is when consistent, judge that vibration has occurred in electric system.
When the oscillatory impedance of monitoring difference is measured track, oscillation track and described comprehensive impedance Z
Σrelative position constant, only the true origin of impedance complex plane need be moved on to observation station place, the impedance that observation station is pointed to tracing point is exactly that oscillatory impedance is measured track.
With comprehensive impedance Z
Σfor diameter (the 3rd section of impedor setting range is less than this extremum), draw out maximum adjust impedance circle characteristic and oscillation track m=1.1 and
relation, as shown in Figure 8.As seen from Figure 8, when measuring impedance when falling maximum and adjusting in impedance circle characteristic, oscillation track almost with comprehensive impedance Z
Σpresent the angular relationship of 90 °, therefore, can also further judge in this application whether system vibration or short circuit occur, specific as follows: for 3 above not measurement impedances in the same time, (to be assumed to be respectively Z
1, Z
2, Z
3), if the phasor of every 2 measurement impedances is poor and system synthesis impedance Z
Σalmost present 90 ° angular relationship (as
within 70 ° ~ 110 °, wherein,
represent to get the differential seat angle of molecule and denominator) be judged to be power system oscillation; If the phasor of every 2 measurement impedances is poor and system synthesis impedance Z
Σall present 70 ° with interior angular relationship, be judged to be short circuit, wherein, 20 ° of differences between 90 ° and 70 ° be considered m=1.1 and
situation, and consider certain measuring error.
As shown in Figure 10, final object is the flow process of identification faults and power swings: avoid distance protection to be subject to the impact of power system oscillation, and can excise as soon as possible short circuit.
The present patent application people has done detailed explanation and description in conjunction with Figure of description to embodiments of the invention; but those skilled in the art should understand that; above embodiment is only the preferred embodiments of the invention; detailed explanation is just in order to help reader to understand better spirit of the present invention; and be not limiting the scope of the invention; on the contrary, within any any improvement of doing based on invention spirit of the present invention or modification all should drop on protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a power system oscillation impedance measurement track monitoring analytical approach, described method for monitoring and analyzing is for the transmission system of dual power supply and many power supplys, when the oscillatory impedance of monitoring difference is measured track, the relative position of oscillation track and comprehensive impedance is constant, only the true origin of impedance complex plane need be moved on to observation station place, the impedance that observation station is pointed to tracing point is exactly that oscillatory impedance is measured track; It is characterized in that, described method for monitoring and analyzing comprises the following steps:
(1) when needing the transmission system of monitoring analysis to be many power supplys transmission system, utilize Dai Weinan power supply equivalence principle, multi-power system is equivalent to double power-supply system;
(2) measure or calculate double power-supply system or multi-power system is equivalent to two ends supply voltage phasor and the electric current phasor after double power-supply system;
(3) obtain wherein one end, i.e. the measurement impedance at S end power supply place in described two ends power supply (S, W)
with the other end in the power supply of described two ends, i.e. the measurement impedance at W end power supply place
wherein
for the voltage phasor at S end power supply place,
for the voltage phasor at W end power supply place,
for flowing through the electric current phasor of measuring position, prescribed direction is that S end bus points to circuit;
(4) calculate power supply place, described two ends, i.e. the ratio of the measurement impedance absolute value at S, power supply place, W two ends
it equals the ratio of the absolute value of two ends supply voltage phasor
(5) when one end supply voltage phasor and other end supply voltage amplitude ratio m=1, if the measurement impedance of S end is all marked in impedance complex plane figure, so, the measurement impedance end points of S end is vertical and divide equally in the comprehensive impedance Z connecting between both sides electromotive force end points S end, W end
∑straight line on, wherein, comprehensive impedance Z
∑for total impedance at S end power supply place and W end power supply place and, on described impedance complex plane, when the measurement locus of impedance of S end is for vertical and divide equally in connecting both sides electromotive force end points S end, the W comprehensive impedance Z between holding
∑straight line time, judge that transmission system vibrates, and oscillatory impedance is measured track and is above-mentioned dividing equally in the comprehensive impedance Z connecting between both sides electromotive force end points S end, W end
∑straight line;
(6) when one end supply voltage phasor and other end supply voltage amplitude ratio m ≠ 1, if the measurement impedance of S end is all marked in impedance complex plane figure, so, oscillatory impedance measure track be with
point is the center of circle, with
for the circle of radius, wherein, comprehensive impedance Z
∑for S end power supply place is to the comprehensive impedance between W end power supply place, on impedance complex plane, when the measurement locus of impedance of S end with
point is the center of circle, with
for the track of the circle of radius is when consistent, judge that vibration has occurred transmission system.
2. power system oscillation impedance measurement track monitoring analytical approach according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
Described method for monitoring and analyzing further comprises: no matter whether described one end supply voltage phasor and other end supply voltage amplitude ratio m are 1, for the measurement impedance not obtaining in the same time above at 3 times, if every 2 poor and described comprehensive impedance Z of phasor that measure impedance
∑between angle in 70 ° of-110 ° of scopes time, be judged to be transmission system vibration occurred; If every 2 poor and described comprehensive impedance Z of phasor that measure impedance
∑present 70 ° during with interior angular relationship, judge that short trouble has occurred transmission system.
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| CN106443321A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-02-22 | 天津大学 | Method for determining out-of-step center position |
| CN108802561B (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2021-05-28 | 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 | Method for positioning out-of-step oscillation center position based on minimum measured impedance |
| CN107526901B (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2020-09-29 | 华北电力大学 | Power system step-out center positioning and oscillation center tracking system and method thereof |
| CN109932565A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2019-06-25 | 浙江昱能科技有限公司 | A kind of insulating resistor detecting circuit of inverter |
| CN110763940A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2020-02-07 | 林心 | Method for estimating oscillation center of power system by using phasor diagram method |
| CN110736939A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2020-01-31 | 林心 | dynamic identification system for oscillation center of power system |
| CN111987697B (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2022-11-25 | 许继集团有限公司 | Protection method and device for preventing three-phase fault distance protection refusal of swinging middle doorway |
| CN117013558A (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2023-11-07 | 北京天诚同创电气有限公司 | Micro-grid control method and device, and power supply control method and device |
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Effective date of registration: 20171228 Address after: 100085 Beijing city on the base of the information industry on the street, No. four, No. 9, Haidian District Co-patentee after: Beijing Sifang Jibao Engineering Technology Co., Ltd. Patentee after: Beijing Sifang Jibao Automation Co., Ltd. Address before: 100085 Beijing city on the base of the information industry on the street, No. four, No. 9, Haidian District Patentee before: Beijing Sifang Jibao Automation Co., Ltd. |