CN102748336B - Speed change valve used for heavy machinery - Google Patents
Speed change valve used for heavy machinery Download PDFInfo
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- CN102748336B CN102748336B CN201210239416.XA CN201210239416A CN102748336B CN 102748336 B CN102748336 B CN 102748336B CN 201210239416 A CN201210239416 A CN 201210239416A CN 102748336 B CN102748336 B CN 102748336B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a speed change valve used for heavy machinery. A valve body is provided with a main channel inlet and a main channel outlet, one end of a valve element is provided with a spring, the outer end of an end cover is provided with a regulating bolt, a backstop is arranged at the top end of the regulating bolt of a right end cover, the backstop is inserted into a hole at the inner end of the end cover, the bottom of the hole at the inner end of the left end cover is provided with a groove, an oil cavity is formed between the groove and the end face of the valve element, the end cover is internally provided with an end cover bypass channel, one end of the end cover bypass channel is communicated with the groove, the end cover bypass channel is provided with a needle throttle valve and a small-diameter sliding valve controlled by an electromagnet, the valve body is provided with a valve body bypass channel, one end of the valve body bypass channel is communicated with the main channel inlet, and the other end of the valve body bypass channel is communicated with the other end of the end cover bypass channel. The speed change valve disclosed by the invention has the beneficial effects that variation of oil mass flowing out is smooth and has no sudden change, the slope of a speed change curve of a hydraulic cylinder is adjustable, the speed value of a working hydraulic cylinder before the end of run is adjustable, the price is low, and the speed change valve disclosed by the invention can be widely applied to a hydraulic system of heavy machinery equipment.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to speed change valve technical field, relate in particular to heavy machinery speed change valve.
Background technique
In heavy machinery hydraulic system, adopt selector valve control in, long stroke hydraulic oil cylinder.With selector valve, control, entering Flow of Cylinder cannot regulate, and oil cylinder running medium velocity is certain, and when oil cylinder piston has just started or moved to terminal, speed can raise suddenly or reduce, and its operating rate curve is as Fig. 1.From the curve of Fig. 1, in its characteristic point 0, A, B, all has velocity jump in C, bring thus very large impact load, not only has potential safety hazard, also can reduce the working life of equipment simultaneously.In order to reduce this impact load, and do not reduce manufacturing efficiency, take terminal control as example, existing technological means is to change selector valve into proportional valve control.In the heavy machinery hydraulic systems such as bucket-wheel stacker reclaimer, steel rolling, continuous casting, often use percentage of import valve, its effect is according to the requirement of main frame machinery operating conditions, and oil cylinder motion speed is controlled.In the time of before working stroke arrives B point, electrical control stops Speed Reduction more in advance after a certain speed, and its velocity curve is as Fig. 2.Curve by Fig. 2 can find out, oil cylinder motion speed is stopped after B point drops to E-F line, and it is than from obviously having reduced impact load by the direct parking of A-B line like this.But the sudden change at B point place still has larger impact, this impact is to mechanical life and hydraulic system still having considerable influence.In addition, modernization heavy duty equipment also often requires the parking spot of terminal to want accurately, to stop and all require mechanism to be parked in accurately near C point each time, and its repeatability error is less better.Realize the only resource of this requirement, be about to the area of the uncontrollable delta BMC in figure mono-, by becoming the small size of the uncontrollable delta FNC in Fig. 2 after running slowly.And work as E-F speed line, be more bordering on 0, EFC delta area is less, and the error that parking spot C is ordered is less.
Heavy machinery hydraulic system adoption rate valve, only can partial rcsponse shock problem, and purchase cost is high, and the cycle is longer, affects the device fabrication cycle.And complicated structure.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to develop a kind of rational in infrastructure, simple and practical, heavy machinery speed change valve that reliability is high, to reduce device fabrication cost, shorten the device fabrication cycle.
Technological scheme of the present invention is: heavy machinery speed change valve, comprise the end cap at valve body, valve body two ends and be placed in the spool in valve body, on valve body, have main passage entrance and main passage outlet, one end of spool arranges spring, it is characterized in that described spool middle part is thick diameter platform, matches with valve interior wall in thick diameter platform surface, when until working position, the position of thick diameter platform is not blocked main passage and entered, exports, and is positioned at the side that main passage enters, exports; Described end cap comprises left end cap and right end cap, and the outer end of left end cap and right end cap is provided with adjusting bolt, and the inner has the hole of matching with spool end, and spool two ends are placed in the hole of left end cap and right end cap the inner; The top of the adjusting bolt of described right end cap is provided with backstop, backstop puts in the hole of end cap the inner, described spring is placed in right end cap endoporus and spool end connects, in described left end cap, the bottom of stomidium has groove, between groove and spool end, form oil pocket, in left end cap, have end cap by-pass, one end, end cap by-pass communicates with groove, end cap by-pass is provided with adjustable needle regulator, in end cap by-pass, be also provided with the minor diameter guiding valve by magnet control, during electromagnet energising, minor diameter guiding valve is opened end cap by-pass; During electromagnet power-off, minor diameter guiding valve blocking-up end cap by-pass, on valve body, have valve body by-pass, one end, valve body by-pass communicates with main passage entrance, the other end of valve body by-pass is divided into two interfaces, an interface is communicated with end cap by-pass, and another interface is communicated with the thick diameter platform of spool when the working position does not enter, exports side housing inner chamber towards main passage.
Heavy machinery speed change valve of the present invention, is characterized in that the center line of described main passage entrance and main passage outlet point-blank.
Working principle of the present invention is: while controlling the electromagnet power-off of minor diameter guiding valve, and minor diameter guiding valve blocking-up end cap by-pass, pressure oil is entered through main passage outlet and is unimpededly flowed to the parts-hydraulic cylinder for working that needs fuel feeding by main passage entrance.When hydraulic cylinder for working runs to nearly final position B (figure bis-), electric by reflecting that the position limit switch of this position or the electrical signal that approach switch sends obtain electromagnet, guiding valve moves, conducting end cap by-pass, pressure oil is through valve body by-pass, end cap by-pass and needle regulator are gently filled with the oil pocket of spool one end, promoting spool moves to the other end, the logical pasta that covers gradually main passage entrance and main passage outlet is long-pending, the flow that enters hydraulic cylinder for working is reduced gradually, realized hydraulic cylinder for working operating rate slow, reduce reposefully, the adjusting bolt that connects adjustable needle regulator by adjusting, the adjustable oil speed that is filled with oil pocket.When backstop is encountered in the other end of spool, spool stops mobile.The long-pending no longer variation of main passage entrance and the logical pasta of main passage outlet, the oily flow that flows out main passage outlet no longer changes, and hydraulic cylinder for working speed can be stabilized in a certain lower value.Realized the front reduction of speed of terminal.Before terminal, velocity amplitude can be regulated by the position of backstop, the top of adjusting valve gap outer end is provided with the adjusting bolt of backstop, can make backstop be in different positions, it is long-pending that thereby change spool covers the logical pasta of main passage entrance and main passage outlet, the minimum position of backstop is that spool all covers main passage entrance and main passage outlet, and hydraulic cylinder for working speed is bordering on 0.The flow that makes to enter oil pocket due to the effect of adjustable needle regulator is constant, so the travelling speed of spool is constant, the oil mass that main passage outlet is flowed out is slow continually varying, thereby the reduction of speed that the velocity curve that makes working hydraulic pressure cylinder working is after the B point of accompanying drawing 5 is curvilinear motion, B point and back segment velocity curve each point are point of contact or round and smooth point, there is no the discontinuity of speed, and make whole service steadily and without impact.
When oil cylinder is reverse, electromagnet power-off, main passage entrance and exit loses pressure because hydraulic fluid port connects fuel tank, and spool returns to and treats working position under the promotion of spring.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) oil mass that main passage outlet is flowed out changes round and smooth without sudden change, makes to enter the not sudden change of oil of hydraulic cylinder for working, impacts little.
(2) make the slope of hydraulic cylinder for working speed change curves can pass through pin type throttle valve adjustment, easy to adjust reliable.
(3) make the front velocity amplitude of the hydraulic cylinder for working end of run adjustable, by regulating the position regulation of backstop.
(4) can replace Proportional valve system to realize hydraulic cylinder for working terminal front reduction gear function, and low price.
(5) can be widely used in the hydraulic system of heavy duty equipment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The present invention has five width accompanying drawings.Wherein:
Fig. 1 is the speed curve diagram that traditional selector valve is controlled hydraulic cylinder works
Fig. 2 is the speed curve diagram of traditional proportional valve control hydraulic cylinder works
Fig. 3 is speed change valve sectional view of the present invention
Fig. 4 is the left view of Fig. 3
Fig. 5 controls the speed curve diagram of hydraulic cylinder works with speed change valve of the present invention
In accompanying drawing, 1. main passage entrance, 2. main passage outlet, 3. end cap by-pass, 4. adjustable needle regulator, 5. oil pocket, 6. spool, 7. backstop, 8. minor diameter guiding valve, 9. electromagnet, 10, valve body by-pass, 11, right end cap, 12, valve body, 13, screw, 14, seal ring, 15, seal ring, 16, seal ring, 17, spring, 18, dust ring, 19, left end cap, 20, seal ring, 21, the smash plug that rises.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the embodiment of accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.
Speed change valve comprises the end cap at valve body, valve body two ends and is placed in the spool 6 in valve body, on valve body, have main passage entrance 1 and main passage outlet 2, one end of spool 6 arranges spring, spool 6 middle parts are thick diameter platform, match with valve interior wall in thick diameter platform surface, when working position, thick diameter platform is positioned at the side that main passage enters, exports; The outer end of end cap is provided with adjusting bolt, and the inner has the hole of matching with spool end, and spool 6 two ends are placed in the hole of end cap the inner; Top in the adjusting bolt of right end cap 11 is provided with backstop 7, backstop 7 puts in the hole of right end cap 11 the inners, spring is placed in the hole of right end cap the inner and connects with spool end, the bottom of left end cap 19 interior stomidiums has groove, between groove and spool end, form oil pocket 5, in left end cap 19, have end cap by-pass 3,3 one end, end cap by-pass communicate with groove, end cap by-pass 3 is provided with adjustable needle regulator 4, in end cap by-pass 3, be also provided with the minor diameter guiding valve 8 of being controlled by electromagnet 9, during electromagnet 9 power-off, minor diameter guiding valve 8 blocking-up end cap by-passes 3; Electromagnet 9 when electric, minor diameter guiding valve 8 is opened end cap by-pass 3; On valve body, have valve body by-pass 10,10 one end, valve body by-pass communicate with main passage entrance 1, the other end of valve body by-pass 10 is divided into two interfaces, an interface is communicated with end cap by-pass 3, and another interface is communicated with the thick diameter platform of spool when the working position does not enter, exports 1,2 one sides housing inner chamber towards main passage.The center line of main passage entrance 1 and main passage outlet 2 point-blank.
During concrete application, heavy machinery is connected between hydraulic cylinder for working and solenoid directional control valve with speed change valve.During normal work, electromagnet 9 power-off, solenoid directional control valve energising, minor diameter guiding valve 8 blocking-up end cap by-passes 3, pressure oil, by electromagnetic switch valve outlet port flow through speed change valve main passage entrance 1 and main passage outlet 2, unimpededly flows to hydraulic cylinder for working.When hydraulic cylinder for working runs to nearly final position B (figure bis-), electric by reflecting that the position limit switch of this position or the electrical signal that approach switch sends obtain electromagnet 9, minor diameter guiding valve 8 is moved, conducting end cap by-pass 3, pressure oil is through valve body by-pass 10, end cap by-pass 3 and adjustable needle regulator 4 are gently filled with the oil pocket 5 in spool 6 left sides, promoting spool 6 slowly moves right, the logical pasta that covers gradually main passage entrance 1 and main passage outlet 2 is long-pending, the flow that enters hydraulic cylinder for working is reduced gradually, realized hydraulic cylinder for working operating rate slow, reduce reposefully.When backstop 7 is encountered in the right side of spool 6, spool stops mobile.The long-pending no longer variation of main passage entrance 1 and the logical pasta of main passage outlet 2, hydraulic cylinder for working speed can be stabilized in a certain lower value.Realized the front reduction of speed of terminal.Before this design terminal, velocity amplitude can be regulated by the position of backstop 7, and hydraulic cylinder for working speed minimum value can be transferred to and be bordering on 0, and spool 6 covers main passage completely and exports at 2 o'clock.Because the flow by adjustable needle regulator 4 is constant, so the travelling speed of spool 6 is constant, the oil mass that main passage outlet 2 is flowed out is slow continually varying, thereby the reduction of speed that the velocity curve that makes working hydraulic pressure cylinder working is after the B point of accompanying drawing 5 is curvilinear motion, B point and back segment velocity curve each point are point of contact or round and smooth point, so, there is no the discontinuity of speed, and make whole service steadily and without impact.
When hydraulic cylinder for working is reverse, main passage entrance 1 and main passage outlet 2 are because hydraulic fluid port connected tank loses pressure, and spool 6 is moved to the left under the promotion of spring 7, recovers speed change valve to treating working position.
This heavy machinery can substitute the percentage of import valve in bucket-wheel stacker reclaimer, steel rolling, caster hydraulic system with speed change valve, for the operation of hydraulic system hydraulic cylinder for working start, end ascending, descending speed and accurate stopping, its transient process is steadily adjustable, before terminal, motion speed is adjustable, and manufacture cost reduces greatly.
Claims (2)
1. heavy machinery speed change valve, comprise the end cap at valve body (12), valve body two ends and be placed in the spool (6) in valve body, on valve body (12), have main passage entrance (1) and main passage outlet (2), one end of spool (6) arranges spring (17), it is characterized in that described spool (6) middle part is for thick diameter platform, match with valve interior wall in thick diameter platform surface, when until working position, the position of thick diameter platform is not blocked main passage and is entered, exports (1,2), is positioned at the side that main passage enters, exports (1,2), described end cap comprises left end cap (19) and right end cap (11), the outer end of left end cap (19) and right end cap (11) is provided with adjusting bolt, the inner has the hole of matching with spool end, and spool (6) two ends are placed in left end cap (19) and the inner hole of right end cap (11), the top of the adjusting bolt of described right end cap (11) is provided with backstop (7), backstop (7) puts in the hole of end cap the inner, described spring (17) is placed in right end cap (11) endoporus and spool (6) end face connects, the bottom of the interior stomidium of described left end cap (19) has groove, between groove and spool end, form oil pocket (5), in left end cap (19), have end cap by-pass (3), one end, end cap by-pass (3) communicates with groove, end cap by-pass (3) is provided with adjustable needle regulator (4), in end cap by-pass (3), be also provided with the minor diameter guiding valve (8) of being controlled by electromagnet (9), during electromagnet (9) energising, minor diameter guiding valve (8) is opened end cap by-pass (3), during electromagnet (9) power-off, minor diameter guiding valve (8) blocking-up end cap by-pass (3), on valve body (12), have valve body by-pass (10), one end, valve body by-pass (10) communicates with main passage entrance (1), the other end of valve body by-pass (10) is divided into two interfaces, an interface is communicated with end cap by-pass (3), and another interface is communicated with the thick diameter platform of spool when the working position does not enter, exports (1,2) side housing inner chamber towards main passage.
2. heavy machinery speed change valve according to claim 1, is characterized in that the center line of described main passage entrance (1) and main passage outlet (2) point-blank.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210239416.XA CN102748336B (en) | 2012-07-11 | 2012-07-11 | Speed change valve used for heavy machinery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210239416.XA CN102748336B (en) | 2012-07-11 | 2012-07-11 | Speed change valve used for heavy machinery |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102748336A CN102748336A (en) | 2012-10-24 |
| CN102748336B true CN102748336B (en) | 2014-10-15 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210239416.XA Active CN102748336B (en) | 2012-07-11 | 2012-07-11 | Speed change valve used for heavy machinery |
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| CN (1) | CN102748336B (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1309163A (en) * | 1969-06-28 | 1973-03-07 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Fluid flow-regulating valves |
| JPS5540373A (en) * | 1979-01-22 | 1980-03-21 | Jidosha Kiki Co Ltd | Flow rate control valve |
| DE4002755A1 (en) * | 1990-01-31 | 1991-08-01 | Daimler Benz Ag | Automatic distributor valve controlling oil supply - has spool valve actuated by inlet pressure to apportion pump output between first and second user |
| CN2625629Y (en) * | 2003-05-30 | 2004-07-14 | 华中科技大学 | Seawater hydraulic pressure flow control valve |
| CN202673813U (en) * | 2012-07-11 | 2013-01-16 | 大连华锐重工集团股份有限公司 | Speed change valve for heavy machinery |
-
2012
- 2012-07-11 CN CN201210239416.XA patent/CN102748336B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1309163A (en) * | 1969-06-28 | 1973-03-07 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Fluid flow-regulating valves |
| JPS5540373A (en) * | 1979-01-22 | 1980-03-21 | Jidosha Kiki Co Ltd | Flow rate control valve |
| DE4002755A1 (en) * | 1990-01-31 | 1991-08-01 | Daimler Benz Ag | Automatic distributor valve controlling oil supply - has spool valve actuated by inlet pressure to apportion pump output between first and second user |
| CN2625629Y (en) * | 2003-05-30 | 2004-07-14 | 华中科技大学 | Seawater hydraulic pressure flow control valve |
| CN202673813U (en) * | 2012-07-11 | 2013-01-16 | 大连华锐重工集团股份有限公司 | Speed change valve for heavy machinery |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102748336A (en) | 2012-10-24 |
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