CN102747225A - Method for comprehensively recycling copper, selenium and uranium from stone coal extraction vanadic acid immersion liquid - Google Patents
Method for comprehensively recycling copper, selenium and uranium from stone coal extraction vanadic acid immersion liquid Download PDFInfo
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- CN102747225A CN102747225A CN201210237306XA CN201210237306A CN102747225A CN 102747225 A CN102747225 A CN 102747225A CN 201210237306X A CN201210237306X A CN 201210237306XA CN 201210237306 A CN201210237306 A CN 201210237306A CN 102747225 A CN102747225 A CN 102747225A
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- copper
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- selenium
- aluminium
- stone coal
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for comprehensively recycling copper, selenium and uranium from a stone coal extraction vanadic acid immersion liquid, which mainly comprises the following steps: crystallizing potassium alum or ammonia alum from stone coal sulfuric acid leach solution to remove aluminum, adding a copper-containing material and a phosphorus-rich material into the solution to regulate the copper concentration and the uranium/phosphorus ratio of the solution, adding an alkali to regulate the pH value, and adding a reducer to reduce and precipitate copper, selenium and uranium in the solution, thereby implementing efficient separation and enrichment of the copper, selenium and uranium in the stone coal vanadium extraction process. The invention has the advantages of simple technique, high copper/selenium/uranium recycling rate, low reagent consumption, low recycling cost, environment friendliness and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to copper, selenium, uranium comprehensive recovering process in a kind of extracting vanadium from stone coal pickling liquor.The selecting and smelting technology field that belongs to navajoite.
Background technology
Bone coal is a kind of vanadium multi-metal mineral wealth that contain, and except that vanadium, also contains elements such as carbon, silicon, phosphorus, aluminium, iron, potassium, copper, selenium, uranium in the bone coal.Bone coal contains V
2O
5Can be used as navajoite exploitation greater than 0.7%, the vanadium in the bone coal mainly with contain the vanadium illite (K (and Al, V)
2(Si, Al)
4O
10(OH)
2) form exist.The conventional process of extracting vanadium from stone coal is that sulfuric acid leaches, and from the bone coal acid dip solution, extracts vanadium at present and mainly adopts following technology:
1) bone coal sulphuric leachate → ammonium salt remove aluminium → reduction → extraction → back extraction → oxidation → ammonium salt precipitation → calcine smart vanadium;
2) bone coal sulphuric leachate → ammonium salt remove aluminium → selective oxidation deironing → vanadium oxidation → IX → desorb → ammonium salt precipitation → calcine smart vanadium;
3) bone coal sulphuric leachate → ammonium salt remove aluminium → oxidation precipitation iron cpd → alkali and soak → purification and impurity removal → ammonium salt precipitation → calcine smart vanadium.
Generally contain Cu0.01 ~ 0.08%, Se0.001~0.005%, U0.001~0.02% in the bone coal.Copper is a kind of valuable metal, and in the purification slag of copper liquid after the extracting vanadium from stone coal process mainly gets into vanadium extraction, liquid purifies slag owing to contain deleterious heavy metal element such as copper after the vanadium extraction, becomes the harmful solid useless of extracting vanadium from stone coal; Selenium is a kind of rare and scatter element, is widely used in industries such as semi-conductor, biology, medicine, and extracting vanadium from stone coal process selenium is dispersed in waste water and the waste residue, causes the valuable selenium wasting of resources; Uranium is a kind of radioelement, also is a kind of important strategic element simultaneously, and uranium is dispersed in waste water and the waste residue in the extracting vanadium from stone coal process, and the generation of radioactive wastewater waste residue constitutes serious threat to the extracting vanadium from stone coal surrounding enviroment.The sulfuric acid leaching process, elements such as the aluminium in the bone coal, iron, potassium, copper, selenium, uranium get into solution with vanadium.The existing method synthesis utilization of iron in the bone coal pickling liquor, aluminium, potassium, but copper wherein, selenium, uranium also do not find suitable method to reclaim, and bring very big environmental protection pressure to extracting vanadium from stone coal.
Summary of the invention
But the object of the present invention is to provide copper, selenium and uranium in the pickling liquor of a kind of efficient recovery extracting vanadium from stone coal, improve the comprehensive utilization of resources rate, avoid copper bearing emissive industrial waste residue waste water to produce copper, selenium, uranium comprehensive recovering process in the eco-friendly extracting vanadium from stone coal pickling liquor.
Copper, selenium, uranium comprehensive recovering process in a kind of extracting vanadium from stone coal pickling liquor of the present invention are to adopt following proposal to realize:
Form 1 ~ 3 of potassium alum or tschermigite theoretical amount by the aluminium in the bone coal sulphuric leachate and extraordinarily go into sylvite or ammonium salt, the aluminium in the solution is separated out with the form crystallization of potassium alum or tschermigite, liquid after filtration obtains alum and removes aluminium; Control is 0.1 ~ 10g/L except that the concentration of copper in the liquid behind the aluminium; Uranium/phosphorus the mol ratio that adds then in the rich phosphorus material regulator solution is 1:100 ~ 5000; PH value to 0.2 ~ 2.5 that add the alkali regulator solution again; Be reduced into ferrous iron and tetravalence vanadium chemistry and react 1.1 ~ 4.5 of stoichiometric number and extraordinarily go into standard potential smaller or equal to 0.1 volt reductive agent by removing behind the aluminium iron and vanadium in the liquid then, stirring is separated out copper, selenium and uranium precipitate reduction in the solution; Reduction back liquid liquid and reducing slag after ageing, filtration obtain reducing; Reduction back liquid extraction vanadium extraction, reducing slag recovering copper, selenium and uranium.
Copper, selenium, uranium comprehensive recovering process in a kind of extracting vanadium from stone coal pickling liquor of the present invention, said sylvite is selected from K
2SO
4, KHSO
4, KCl, KNO
3, KH
2PO
4, K
2HPO
4, K
3PO
4, K
2CO
3, KHCO
3In a kind of, make aluminium in the solution with potassium alum (KAl (SO
4)
212H
2O) form crystallization is separated out.
Copper, selenium, uranium comprehensive recovering process in a kind of extracting vanadium from stone coal pickling liquor of the present invention, said ammonium salt is selected from (NH
4)
2SO
4, NH
4HSO
4, NH
4Cl, NH
4NO
3, NH
4H
2PO
4, (NH
4)
2HPO
4, (NH
4)
3PO
4, (NH
4)
2CO
3, NH
4HCO
3In a kind of, make aluminium in the solution with tschermigite (NH
4Al (SO
4)
212H
2O) form crystallization is separated out.
Copper, selenium, uranium comprehensive recovering process in a kind of extracting vanadium from stone coal pickling liquor of the present invention, said control remove behind the aluminium concentration of copper in the liquid, are meant to remove when the concentration of copper is less than 0.1g/L in the liquid behind the aluminium, after removing aluminium, add copper-contained material in the liquid and mend copper; Said copper-contained material is selected from a kind of in cupric oxide, verditer, copper sulfate, cupric nitrate, cupric chloride, the ventilation breather.
Copper, selenium, uranium comprehensive recovering process in a kind of extracting vanadium from stone coal pickling liquor of the present invention, said rich phosphorus material are selected from a kind of in phosphoric acid, potassiumphosphate, potassium phosphate,monobasic, potassium primary phosphate, sodium phosphate, disodium-hydrogen, SODIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC, ammonium phosphate, ammonium hydrogen phosphate, the primary ammonium phosphate.
Copper, selenium, uranium comprehensive recovering process in a kind of extracting vanadium from stone coal pickling liquor of the present invention, the described alkali regulator solution pH value that adds is meant after removing aluminium and adds KOH, K in the liquid
2CO
3, KHCO
3, ammoniacal liquor, (NH
4)
2CO
3, NH
4HCO
3In a kind of as pH value regulator, pH value to 0.2 ~ 2.5 of regulator solution.
Copper, selenium, uranium comprehensive recovering process in a kind of extracting vanadium from stone coal pickling liquor of the present invention, said reductive agent are selected from least a in iron powder, zinc powder, aluminium powder, Sulfothiorine, S-WAT, the sulfurous gas.
Copper, selenium, uranium comprehensive recovering process in a kind of extracting vanadium from stone coal pickling liquor of the present invention, said precipitate reduction processing parameter is: 0 ~ 60 ℃ of temperature, churning time 0.1 ~ 5h.
Copper, selenium, uranium comprehensive recovering process in a kind of extracting vanadium from stone coal pickling liquor of the present invention, the said aged time is 1 ~ 10h, and the precipitate particles of copper, selenium, uranium is grown up, and is convenient to liquid-solid separation.
The present invention and existing compared with techniques have the following advantages and effect:
Advantage of the present invention is to utilize dexterously the precipitate reduction technology, is the precipitation agent of uranium with phosphorus, is the deposition inductor of selenium and uranium with copper, makes uranium under specific pH condition, and reduction forms the calcium phosphate precipitation of indissoluble and separates out, and selenium is then separated out with the form of copper selenide.The purpose of mending copper is the copper powder that in solution, forms capacity for reduction process, to capture the throw out of selenium and uranium; The purpose of the adjusting uranium/phosphorus mol ratio that phosphorates then is to impel the uranium deposition in the solution more complete; Aged effect is that copper, selenium and uranium precipitate particles are grown up, and is convenient to liquid-solid separation, to realize the high efficiency separation enrichment of extracting vanadium from stone coal process copper, selenium, uranium.Integral body through technology of the present invention designs again; Cooperatively interacting between each step; But thereby copper, selenium and uranium in the efficient recovery extracting vanadium by acid leaching of stone coal liquid; Avoid the generation of copper bearing radioactive wastewater waste residue, reduced the extracting vanadium from stone coal pollution on the environment, also met the development trend that China's energy-conserving and emission-cutting technology is transformed.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further described, following examples are intended to explain the present invention rather than to further qualification of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Get and contain V
2O
54.86g/L, the bone coal acid dip solution 6000ml of Cu 0.09g/L, U 5mg/L, P 1.1g/L, add the 150g vitriolate of tartar and the aluminium in the solution separated out with the form crystallization of potassium alum with 50g Repone K, cross and filter potassium alum and except that liquid behind the aluminium; Liquid adds copper sulfate earlier after removing aluminium; Make that the concentration of copper rises to 0.6g/L Cu in the solution, add phosphoric acid again and make the uranium/phosphorus mol ratio in the solution increase to 1:600, add salt of wormwood then and transfer pH to 0.2; At last by extraordinarily going into reduced iron powder except that iron and vanadium in the liquid behind the aluminium are reduced into 1.5 of Fe (II) and V (IV) chemical reaction stoichiometric number; Room temperature reductase 12 h, ageing 1h filters liquid after the reduction obtain containing Cu 5mg/L, U ﹤ 1mg/L and contains the reducing slag of Cu 43.2%, P 1.1%, Se 1.3%, U 0.33%.Reduction back liquid extraction vanadium extraction, reducing slag is collected the raw material as recovering copper, selenium, uranium.
Embodiment 2
Get and contain V
2O
55.61g/L, the bone coal acid dip solution 10000ml of Cu 0.17g/L, U 41mg/L, P 3.2g/L, add 220g ammonium sulfate and 50g volatile salt, the aluminium in the solution is separated out with the form crystallization of tschermigite, cross and filter tschermigite and except that liquid behind the aluminium; Liquid adds cupric chloride earlier after removing aluminium, makes that the concentration of copper rises to 1.1g/L Cu in the solution; Adding phosphoric acid one hydrogen sodium makes the uranium/phosphorus mol ratio in the solution increase to 1:120; The back adds sodium hydrogencarbonate accent pH to 1.5 again; Then by extraordinarily going into Sulfothiorine except that iron and vanadium in the liquid behind the aluminium are reduced into 1.2 of Fe (II) and V (IV) chemical reaction stoichiometric number; 60 ℃ of reduction 0.1h, ageing 3h crosses the reducing slag filter liquid after the reduction that contains Cu 3mg/L, U ﹤ 1mg/L and to contain Cu 49.1%, Se 2.7%, P 2.2%, U 1.8%.Reduction back liquid extraction vanadium extraction; Reducing slag adds dilute sulphuric acid and stirs after-filtration with an amount of ydrogen peroxide 50, obtains containing uranium solution and copper selenium slag; Separate out the xanchromatic sodium diuranate with crystallization in the uranium-bearing solution hydrogenation sodium oxide; Copper selenium slag adds sulfuric acid baking, baking flue gas water absorb thick selenium, calcining adds the dilute sulphuric acid dissolving, filters, the filtrating evaporative crystallization gets copper sulfate.
Embodiment 3
Get and contain V
2O
56.38g/L, the bone coal acid dip solution 3000ml of Cu 0.81g/L, U 1.0mg/L, P 4.1g/L, first ammoniacal liquor adjust pH to 2.5 makes the aluminium in the solution separate out with the form crystallization of tschermigite, cross filter tschermigite and remove aluminium after liquid; Because the copper of existing capacity in the solution, and uranium/phosphorus mol ratio reached 1:4100, so need not to mend copper and phosphorate before the reduction.Removing behind the aluminium liquid is reduced into 2 of Fe (II) and V (IV) chemical reaction stoichiometric number by wherein iron and vanadium and extraordinarily goes into zinc powder; 15 ℃ of reduction 5h; Ageing 10h crosses the reducing slag filter liquid after the reduction that contains Cu 1.5mg/L, U ﹤ 1mg/L and to contain Cu 44.2%, Se 1.8%, P 1.1%, U 0.06%.Reduction back liquid extraction vanadium extraction, reducing slag is collected the raw material as recovering copper, selenium, uranium.
Claims (9)
1. copper, selenium, uranium comprehensive recovering process in the extracting vanadium from stone coal pickling liquor is characterized in that:
Form 1 ~ 3 of potassium alum or tschermigite theoretical amount by the aluminium in the bone coal sulphuric leachate and extraordinarily go into sylvite or ammonium salt, the aluminium in the solution is separated out with the form crystallization of potassium alum or tschermigite, liquid after filtration obtains alum and removes aluminium; Control is 0.1 ~ 10g/L except that the concentration of copper in the liquid behind the aluminium; Then; Uranium/phosphorus the mol ratio that adds in the rich phosphorus material regulator solution is 1:100 ~ 5000, adds pH value to 0.2 ~ 2.5 of alkali regulator solution again, is reduced into ferrous iron and tetravalence vanadium chemistry and reacts 1.1 ~ 4.5 of stoichiometric number and extraordinarily go into standard potential smaller or equal to 0.1 volt reductive agent by removing behind the aluminium iron and vanadium in the liquid then; Stir, copper, selenium and uranium precipitate reduction in the solution are separated out; Reduction back liquid liquid and reducing slag after ageing, filtration obtain reducing; Reduction back liquid extraction vanadium extraction, reducing slag recovering copper, selenium and uranium.
2. copper, selenium, uranium comprehensive recovering process in a kind of extracting vanadium from stone coal pickling liquor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said sylvite is selected from K
2SO
4, KHSO
4, KCl, KNO
3, KH
2PO
4, K
2HPO
4, K
3PO
4, K
2CO
3, KHCO
3In a kind of.
3. copper, selenium, uranium comprehensive recovering process in a kind of extracting vanadium from stone coal pickling liquor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said ammonium salt is selected from (NH
4)
2SO
4, NH
4HSO
4, NH
4Cl, NH
4NO
3, NH
4H
2PO
4, (NH
4)
2HPO
4, (NH
4)
3PO
4, (NH
4)
2CO
3, NH
4HCO
3In a kind of.
4. according to copper, selenium, uranium comprehensive recovering process in claim 2 or the 3 described a kind of extracting vanadium from stone coal pickling liquors; It is characterized in that: said control is except that the concentration of copper in the liquid behind the aluminium; Be meant and remove when the concentration of copper is less than 0.1g/L in the liquid behind the aluminium, after removing aluminium, add copper-contained material in the liquid and mend copper; Said copper-contained material is selected from a kind of in cupric oxide, verditer, copper sulfate, cupric nitrate, cupric chloride, the ventilation breather.
5. copper, selenium, uranium comprehensive recovering process in a kind of extracting vanadium from stone coal pickling liquor according to claim 4 is characterized in that: said rich phosphorus material is selected from least a in phosphoric acid, potassiumphosphate, potassium phosphate,monobasic, potassium primary phosphate, sodium phosphate, disodium-hydrogen, SODIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC, ammonium phosphate, ammonium hydrogen phosphate, the primary ammonium phosphate.
6. copper, selenium, uranium comprehensive recovering process in a kind of extracting vanadium from stone coal pickling liquor according to claim 5 is characterized in that: the described alkali regulator solution pH value that adds is meant after removing aluminium and adds KOH, K in the liquid
2CO
3, KHCO
3, ammoniacal liquor, (NH
4)
2CO
3, NH
4HCO
3In a kind of as pH value regulator.
7. copper, selenium, uranium comprehensive recovering process in a kind of extracting vanadium from stone coal pickling liquor according to claim 6 is characterized in that: said reductive agent is selected from least a in iron powder, zinc powder, aluminium powder, Sulfothiorine, S-WAT, the sulfurous gas.
8. copper, selenium, uranium comprehensive recovering process in a kind of extracting vanadium from stone coal pickling liquor according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: said precipitate reduction processing parameter is: 0 ~ 60 ℃ of temperature, churning time 0.1 ~ 5h.
9. copper, selenium, uranium comprehensive recovering process in a kind of extracting vanadium from stone coal pickling liquor according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: the said aged time is 1 ~ 10h.
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Cited By (15)
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CN103205578A (en) * | 2013-04-15 | 2013-07-17 | 河北钢铁股份有限公司邯郸分公司 | Method for preparing iron-copper alloy by using waste pickling liquid in steelworks |
CN103526019A (en) * | 2013-10-23 | 2014-01-22 | 北京矿冶研究总院 | Method for comprehensively recovering vanadium, selenium and silver from polymetallic associated vanadium ore |
CN103555962A (en) * | 2013-10-23 | 2014-02-05 | 北京矿冶研究总院 | Method for comprehensively recovering selenium, vanadium and silver from vanadium-silver-selenium polymetallic ore by wet method |
CN103981364A (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2014-08-13 | 中广核铀业发展有限公司 | Uranium-vanadium separation method |
CN104962734A (en) * | 2015-07-14 | 2015-10-07 | 广西大学 | Method for resource utilization of pineapple peel and electrolytic manganese anode slime |
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CN106834686A (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2017-06-13 | 核工业北京地质研究院 | In a kind of gallium production procedure except uranium technique |
CN110643814A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2020-01-03 | 中南大学 | Method for removing aluminum and recycling waste lithium iron phosphate batteries |
CN112708780A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-04-27 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | Method for removing aluminum from nickel-cobalt solution |
CN112960749A (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2021-06-15 | 中国科学院广州地球化学研究所 | Method for treating pollution of rare earth elements |
CN114686681A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2022-07-01 | 中核通辽铀业有限责任公司 | Remote uranium deposit resource recovery system and method |
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CN116116881A (en) * | 2023-01-29 | 2023-05-16 | 西部矿业股份有限公司 | Method for cooperatively treating lead-containing wastewater by utilizing modified stone coal vanadium extraction smelting waste residues |
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CN106834686B (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2018-07-27 | 核工业北京地质研究院 | Uranium technique is removed in a kind of gallium production procedure |
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