CN102744671A - Perfect cylindrical hole honing head device and structure method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an ideal cylindrical hole honing head device and its construction method. The device includes a hollow cylindrical structure, a grinding head frame with base holes alternately arranged in the circumferential direction, and a feed rod arranged at the center of the grinding head frame. , the whetstone base installed in the base hole, the whetstone fixed on the whetstone base, by calculating the stroke range of the grinding head corresponding to each curve and the length of the whetstone, the mutual positional relationship between each whetstone is calculated, designed and manufactured A honing head device with a distribution of oil stones that satisfies this result was developed. Compared with the prior art, the present invention adjusts the distribution of the whetstones and the action area of each whetstone strip to achieve a uniform distribution of the overall abrasive particle track, and can realize the effect that the amount of material honing on the wall surface of the cylinder hole tends to be uniform.

Description

An ideal cylindrical hole honing head device and its construction method

technical field

The invention relates to a honing process improvement method and a honing head structure device for improving the cylindricity of a cylinder bore, in particular to a honing head structure that aims at the defects in the motion track distribution of the existing honing head and adopts a dislocation distribution structure of whetstone strips to realize the uniformity of the honing track of the whetstone distribution, thereby improving the process control method and device of cylinder bore machining accuracy.

Background technique

In the engine manufacturing process, honing is the most important process to ensure the final accuracy of the cylinder bore. The honing head is loaded with a honing oil stone, which drives the oil stone to continuously reciprocate during honing, thereby precisely cutting the material of the cylindrical hole. Therefore, the structure and motion performance of the honing head will have a direct impact on the honing accuracy.

At present, the honing head used by the engine manufacturer is a plurality of oil stones parallel to the axis of the grinding head, and evenly distributed on the circumference of the honing head with the same angle. The symmetrical structure can ensure the symmetrical distribution of the force on the honing head during the working process, thereby avoiding the impact on the machining accuracy caused by vibration.

However, the trajectory distribution of the abrasive particles on the oilstone directly determines the material removal on the surface of the cylinder bore. The denser the trajectory distribution, the more material removal; the thinner the trajectory distribution, the less material removal. Changing the honing trajectory is mainly achieved by adjusting the motion parameters of the grinding head, but in the motion parameters of the grinding head, the reciprocating speed and rotation speed can only change the distribution of the trajectory of the abrasive grains along the cylinder hole circumference, which is due to the reciprocating speed of the grinding head The change of speed and rotation speed will cause the change of the rotation phase angle θ of the grinding head during the reciprocating cycle of the grinding head, thereby changing the uniformity of the distribution of the abrasive trajectory along the cylinder bore circumference; the residence time of the lower end point will not only change the phase angle θ, but also It can only change the degree of honing in the lower part of the cylinder bore; while changing the phase angle θ, the overtravel amount of the upper and lower ends can also change the distribution of the abrasive grain trajectory in the axial direction of the cylinder bore. It is greater than or equal to the length of the oilstone - that is, when the oilstone on the grinding head exceeds the cylinder hole at both the upper and lower ends of the cylinder bore, the distribution of abrasive grain tracks on the entire height of the cylinder bore will be uniform, which is impossible in actual production. Therefore, the inhomogeneity of the distribution of the abrasive trajectory along the height direction of the cylinder bore cannot be improved by adjusting the movement parameters of the grinding head. The non-uniform defect of the distribution of the abrasive grain track is called the principle defect in the honing process.

After searching the literature of the prior art, it is found that none of them involves a grinding head structure and design method for improving the principle defects of honing based on the research on the reconstruction of the abrasive trajectory. For example, "Large Diameter Honing Head" (see Chinese Invention Patent, Publication No. CN201872070A), relates to a grinding head structure for large diameter holes; A kind of honing head is used to make the processed workpiece directly process the surface with high precision and high surface roughness after turning; Suitable for processing workpieces with grooves or notches wider than a single whetstone.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide an ideal cylindrical hole honing head device and its device that can achieve the uniform distribution of the overall abrasive particle trajectory and the effect that the honing amount of the material on the wall surface of the cylinder hole tends to be uniform in order to overcome the defects in the above-mentioned prior art. Construction method.

The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

An ideal cylindrical hole honing head device, the device comprising:

Grinding head frame: a hollow cylindrical structure with base holes alternately dislocated in the circumferential direction;

Feed rod: set at the center of the grinding head frame;

Whetstone base: installed in the base hole;

Oilstone: fixed on the oilstone base.

There are two rows of base holes, and the adjacent base holes are arranged in a staggered up and down manner.

The feed rod has a conical structure.

The oil stone base can slide along the guide groove of the base hole.

The whetstone base is a wedge-shaped block, and the inner inclined surface fits the tapered surface of the feed rod.

The whetstone is a sand bar.

A method for constructing an ideal cylindrical hole honing head device, comprising the following steps:

The first step is to use the existing honing device to reconstruct the trajectory during the honing process;

In the second step, a section is taken along the axial direction of the cylinder bore, and the distribution curve of the abrasive particle trajectory on the section is obtained statistically;

The third step is to draw several distribution curves in the second step, and move the centers of these curves to appropriate positions along the abscissa, that is, the axial direction of the cylinder bore, to change the stroke of the oilstone; at the same time, stretch each distribution curve along the abscissa The width of the action, the length of the changed oilstone;

The fourth step is to calculate the stroke range of the grinding head and the length of the whetstone corresponding to each curve in step 3, and calculate the mutual positional relationship between each whetstone;

In the fifth step, according to the calculation result of step four, a honing head device with a distribution of oil stones satisfying the result is designed and manufactured.

The cylindricity and roundness of the cylinder bore are determined by the structure and motion trajectory of the honing head device.

Compared with the prior art, the honing head of the present invention aims at the processing defects existing in the prior honing process, and proposes a method for improving the uneven distribution of abrasive grain tracks in the height direction of the cylinder bore. By adjusting the distribution of the whetstones and the action area of each whetstone strip, the overall distribution of the abrasive particle trajectory can be evenly distributed, and the effect that the amount of honing and grinding of the cylinder bore wall surface material tends to be uniform can be achieved, which specifically includes the following advantages:

1. Improve the shortcomings of the existing honing head: the whetstone strip on the existing honing head is a slender strip of sand, which is distributed parallel to the axis of the honing head, so there is a difference in height in the spatial position of the abrasive grains on the sand strip. Based on the method of reconstructing the trajectory of abrasive grains, it can be seen that the difference in height between abrasive grains leads to the difference in the distribution of the action area of each abrasive grain along the hole height direction during the honing process. The direction does not overlap. The invention is based on the honing head structure design concept of the uniformity of the abrasive grain track, and adopts the method of dislocation distribution of the whetstone strips to improve the uneven distribution of the abrasive grain track when the existing honing head is working.

2. Improved processing efficiency: This invention adopts the dislocation distribution method of whetstone strips, which not only ensures the uniformity of the distribution of abrasive grain tracks during honing, but also increases the number of whetstone strips, increasing the processing area per unit time, thereby improving processing efficiency .

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front view structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the top view structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of A-A direction in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of B-B direction in Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the present invention (that is, a two-dimensional unfolded diagram of the axial distribution of abrasive grain points along the cylinder bore before adjustment);

Figure 6 is a statistical chart of actual production data (that is, the amount of honing processing of the upper, middle and lower three-section honing processing of the cylinder bore axially);

Fig. 7 is a trajectory distribution statistical diagram in the present invention (that is, the abrasive particle trajectory distribution curve in step 2);

Fig. 8 is track distribution adjusting method figure among the present invention (being distribution curve figure in step 3, get two here);

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the track action area after track adjustment in the present invention.

In the picture: 1-grinding head frame, 2-feed rod, 3-whetstone base, 4-whetstone.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Example

An ideal cylindrical hole honing head device, its structure is shown in Figure 1-4, the device includes a grinding head frame 1, a feed rod 2, a whetstone base 3 and a whetstone 4. Wherein, the grinding head frame 1 is a hollow cylindrical structure, and base holes are arranged alternately in the circumferential direction of the grinding head frame 1. There are two rows of base holes, and the adjacent base holes are arranged alternately up and down. The feed rod 2 has a conical structure and is located at the center of the grinding head frame 1 . The oil stone base 3 is installed in the base hole and can slide along the guide groove of the base hole. The whetstone base 3 used is a wedge-shaped block, and the inclined surface on the inside fits the tapered surface of the feed rod 2 . The oil stone 4 is fixed on the oil stone base 3, and the oil stone 4 used is a sand bar.

The ideal cylindrical hole honing head device is constructed using the following steps: As shown in Figure 5, the track distribution of the existing honing head structure during the working process is more in the middle and less at both ends. In the left side of Fig. 5, the action area of the abrasive grains is divided into three parts, reflecting the distribution of the trajectory points of the abrasive grains in the radial direction of the cylinder bore, in which only part of the abrasive grains in area 1 and area 3 pass through, and from From the center line to the end surface line, the passing abrasive grains decrease in turn, and all the abrasive grains on the oilstone in area 2 pass through. Therefore, it can be known that the track distribution of abrasive grains in area 2 is the most, and the track distribution of oilstone in area 1 and area 3 decreases from the cylinder bore height center line along the two end faces. It can also be seen from the right side that at the height of the cylinder bore, the abrasive trajectory points in the middle part are dense, while the upper and lower ends become sparse.

As shown in Figure 6, in actual production, the grinding amount on the middle section of the cylinder bore is large, while the grinding amount on the upper and lower end faces is small.

As shown in Figure 7, in the height direction of the cylinder bore, the oilstone track distribution in the middle part is the most, and this area corresponds to area 2 in Figure 5, and the material removal rate in this area must be the highest. The more you go to the end face of the cylinder bore, the less the distribution of abrasive grain tracks, so the amount of material removal becomes smaller. Therefore, at the end of the final honing, if the shape of the cylinder bore is predicted according to the material removal rate, the cylinder bore must be in the shape of a waist drum—that is, the diameter of the middle hole is large. The apertures at both ends are small. This is due to the axial distribution of the abrasive grains on the whetstone along the cylinder bore, that is to say, when the whetstone is honed, there must be some abrasive grains on the top and some abrasive grains on the bottom, so the abrasive grains along the The moving areas in the height direction are different, and the moving areas of countless abrasive grains distributed in the height direction form the situation shown in Figure 7.

As shown in Figure 8, the figure shows the distribution curves of the trajectory points of two oilstone abrasive grains, and their central positions do not coincide, so that the action area 3 of the first oil stone coincides with the action area 1 of the second oil stone, and the trajectory of the oil stone Point superposition can make the distribution number of abrasive trajectory in this area close to that of area 2, improve the uneven distribution of abrasive trajectory points in the height direction of the cylinder bore, improve the distribution of material removal rate on the cylinder bore surface, and finally improve the shape accuracy of the cylinder bore .

As shown in Figure 9, through the superposition effect of different whetstone strip action areas, the uniformity of the abrasive trajectory distribution on the height of the cylinder bore is realized.

According to the length and relative position of each whetstone strip, calculate and design the honing head device that satisfies the distribution of whetstone strips, and its final structure is shown in Figure 1-4.

Claims (7)

1. desirable cylindrical hole honing head device is characterized in that this device comprises:

The bistrique frame: hollow cylindrical-shaped structure, circumferentially alternately dislocation offers the pedestal hole;

Feed bar: the center that is located at the bistrique frame;

Oilstone pedestal: be installed in the pedestal hole;

Oilstone: be fixed on the oilstone pedestal.

2. a kind of desirable cylindrical hole honing head device according to claim 1 is characterized in that described pedestal hole offers two rows, and adjacent pedestal hole is for being staggered up and down.

3. a kind of desirable cylindrical hole honing head device according to claim 1 is characterized in that described feed bar is conical structure.

4. a kind of desirable cylindrical hole honing head device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described oilstone pedestal can slide along the gathering sill in pedestal hole.

5. a kind of desirable cylindrical hole honing head device according to claim 1 is characterized in that described oilstone pedestal is a wedge, and the inboard inclined-plane and the conical surface of feed bar fit.

6. a kind of desirable cylindrical hole honing head device according to claim 1 is characterized in that described oilstone is an emery stick.

7. the building method of a desirable cylindrical hole honing head device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, this method may further comprise the steps:

The first step is utilized existing grinding equipment, the track in the reconstruct honing process;

Second step, along the cylinder hole axially get a section, statistics drawing abrasive particle track distribution curve on this section;

In the 3rd step, other paints the distribution curve in many step 2, along abscissa be the cylinder hole axially respectively the center of these curves is moved on to the appropriate location, change the oilstone stroke; While is along the effect width of flexible each the bar distribution curve of abscissa, the oilstone length of change;

The 4th step calculated the bistrique travel range of each curve correspondence in the step 3 and the length of oilstone respectively, calculated the mutual alignment relation between each bar oilstone;

In the 5th step, according to the result of calculation of step 4, structure is met the honing head device of this result's oilstone distribution.

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